Abstract: A large surface area electrode well-suited to electrochemical applications is produced by winding many turns of a metallic fiber tow on to a sheet metal rectangle. In the preferred embodiment, an anode that can be used to purify water by electrochemical production of hydroxyl free radical is made by winding titanium fiber tow on to a rectangular substrate made of titanium sheet, and applying a suitable multilayered electrocatalytic coating. Made of other metals, an electrode of this description can also serve as the cathode of an electrochemical cell, or as a battery plaque.

Abstract: The present invention relates to short metal fibers. A set of short metal fibers, with an equivalent diameter ranging from 1 to 150 $(m)m, comprises entangled and curved fibers. At least 10% of the short metal fibers are entangled, whereas the length of the curved fibers is distributed according to a gamma-distribution, having an average length preferably between 10 and 2000 $(m)m.

Abstract: An improved stitchbonded fabric has a pattern of stitches formed by a multi-needle stitched set of contractible stitching threads in a planar material that comprises a non-fibrous layer of polymer or metal, such as a metallic foil, a polymeric film, or a leather. Contraction of the stitchbonded fabric provides the fabric with unusual tactile, visual and functional effects.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a channeled metal clad fiber comprising one or more surface channels that extend along directions that are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of such fiber. The present invention also provides a microfibrous fuel cell structure that comprises a hollow microfibrous membrane separator having an electrolyte medium therein and defining a bore side and a shell side. An inner current collector, which is formed of a channeled metal clad fiber or a channeled metal fiber that is unclad, and an inner electrocatalyst layer are positioned at the bore side of such microfibrous fuel cell, and an outer current collector and an outer electrocatalyst layer are positioned at the shell side of such microfibrous fuel cell. The surface channels on such inner current collector provide inner fluid passages for passing a fuel-containing or an oxidant-containing fluid through the microfibrous fuel cell.

Abstract: There are disclosed a transparent electromagnetic wave-shielding laminate for display, the laminate comprising an electromagnetic wave-shielding layer wherein at least periphery of a terminal cross section of the layer and/or periphery of an edge thereof is covered with an electroconductive elastomer composition containing an electroconductive filler and a thermoplastic elastomer; a process for producing an electromagnetic wave-shielding laminate comprising bringing an electroconductive elastomer composition into contact with at least periphery of a terminal cross section of an electromagnetic wave-shielding layer and/or periphery of an edge of the layer, and in this state, heat press bonding the composition from a lamination direction and/or cross sectional direction to form an exposed portion on at least peripheral end of the laminate, the portion comprising the composition which is grounded to the layer; other processes for producing the same; and a display unit comprising the transparent electromagnetic w

Abstract: A hybrid steel cord and method of making such cord which includes, in contact with one or more carbon steel wire(s), at least one stainless steel wire whose microstructure contains less than 20% of martensite (% by volume). Articles made of plastic and/or rubber, in particular tire envelopes or the carcass reinforcement plies of such envelopes embodying such cords.

Abstract: To provide a feathery copper fiber body which can be uniformly dispersed in a resin composition, rubber composition, low melting metal, coating compound, adhesive, etc. to exert an effect of electrically and mechanically modifying the matrix. A fiber body made of copper, which is feathery.

Abstract: A steel cord particularly adapted for reinforcement of a protection ply in a tire has under compression in rubber a deformation Wk at instability of at least 3% and is stress-relieved so that its total elongation at rupture in rubber exceeds 3.5%. The steel cord comprises pearlite filaments.

Abstract: Spilled, difficult to handle material can be transferred from the spillage location through the use of a deformable absorber member that has a thin surface coating that has a high affinity for the spilled material. The deformable absorber may be provided with a large spilled material receiving surface area through being formed of a group of contacting particles or intertwined filaments that impart a wicking capability with respect to a spillage in liquid form. The invention is of particular use in the cleaning up of spilled mercury droplets using a woven copper wick member coated with a thin layer of gold.

Abstract: A laminate comprises first and second metal layers, and a metallic felt layer disposed between the metal layers and attached to each to provide vibrational damping and thermal insulation. In one embodiment, the layers are tubular in shape and form an automotive exhaust pipe. In another embodiment the layers are annular in shape and form a disk of a brake rotor. In another embodiment the laminate is a damping structure for a brake pad assembly, wherein the first metal layer may either be the backing plate of the brake pad assembly or be attached to the backing plate. The damping structure may include additional metallic felt and metal layers. Various modes of attachment of the metallic felt layer to the metal layers are disclosed. The metallic felt layer may be completely surrounded by metal.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention is a process for making a wet-layed metal fiber nonwoven sheet. The process comprises first dispersing metal fibers into an aqueous dispensing fluid which contains a non-carboxy containing water soluble polymer in an amount such that the viscosity of the dispensing fluid with dispersed metal fibers is suitable for wet-laying techniques. Generally, the amount of the water soluble polymer comprises from about 1 to about 5 weight percent of the aqueous dispensing fluid. In a preferred embodiment, starch is used as the water soluble polymer.

Abstract: In an electrical contact having a contacting portion to be brought into contact with and electrically connected with a terminal member, the contact comprises a metallic body having a body surface and a metallic plated layer formed on the body surface of at least the contacting portion. The metallic plated layer has hard conductive particles dispersed in the layer in order to enable to remove contamination from a surface of the terminal member when the contacting surface is brought into contact with the terminal member. The surface layer has an irregular surface due to presence of the hard conductive particles dispersed therein. When the contacting portion is brought into contact with the terminal member, the contamination is removed by irregular surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to metallic products and a process for producing these which allows, despite the complexity of their structure, for them to be produced in refractory alloys based on chromium. The chromium is deposited by electrolysis, this being carried out by means of a bath with high throwing power. The formation of the alloy with layers of other metallic constituents is obtained by thermal diffusion. The provision of aluminum is controlled in the form of particles by immersing, by spraying or “painting.” The structures according to the invention are particularly intended to be used as catalyst supports or filtering agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a contact member or covering (1) for covering structures (4,9) that come into contact with glass objects (12) during their forming process. The covering is a relatively compact non-woven fiber web (2) with apertures (10) and comprised of randomly oriented fibers which are composed, for example, of stainless steel. This covering can, for example, be used to cover tempering and pressure rings which are used in the process of forming glass plates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a metallic fiber in which from a convergent extended wire, which is formed by a metallic fiber and a matrix member which is formed of a metallic material and whose dissolvability is higher than the dissolvability of the metallic fiber, the matrix member is continuously dissolved and removed by an electrolytic processing in a plurality of electrolytic tanks which are arranged in the conveying direction of the convergent extended wire, wherein: the convergent extended wire is passed through electrolytes in the plurality of electrolytic tanks, which are arranged in the shape of a gentle convex arch at the vertical direction upper side which includes the conveying passage of the convergent extended wire, the convergent extended wire is passed above a plurality of feeding devices which are provided at the outer sides of the electrolytes and which are disposed in the same arch-shape so as to correspond to the electrolytic tanks, in each of the plurality of electrolytic tanks, the metallic

Abstract: A metal fiber of titanium or titanium alloy has given equivalent area diameter and specific surface area and is produced by a bundle drawing method wherein mild steel is used as a material for covering layer and outer housing and a composite wire is subjected to a heat treatment at a given temperature.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a metallic fiber in which from a convergent extended wire, which is formed by a metallic fiber and a matrix member which is formed of a metallic material and whose dissolvability is higher than the dissolvability of the metallic fiber, the matrix member is continuously dissolved and removed by an electrolytic processing in a plurality of electrolytic tanks which are arranged in the conveying direction of the convergent extended wire, wherein: the convergent extended wire is passed through electrolytes in the plurality of electrolytic tanks, which are arranged in the shape of a gentle convex arch at the vertical direction upper side which includes the conveying passage of the convergent extended wire, the convergent extended wire is passed above a plurality of feeding devices which are provided at the outer sides of the electrolytes and which are disposed in the same arch-shape so as to correspond to the electrolytic tanks, in each of the plurality of electrolytic tanks, the metallic

Abstract: The present invention provides a thin and flexible electromagnetic wave shielding material having excellent electromagnetic wave shielding properties and mainly usable in electronic equipment. The electromagnetic wave shielding sheet according to the present invention is composed of a porous sheet containing one or plural kinds of metallic fibers, or a sintered porous sheet obtained by sintering the above porous sheet. The sheet has a thickness of 10 to 100 &mgr;m. a porosity of 70 to 95% and Gurley stiffness of 5 to 50 mg. The sheet can be made by, for example, using stainless steel fiber as the metallic fiber in accordance with a wet paper making process.

Abstract: The invention comprises devices composed of at least one microscopic hollow tube having a wall of single or multiple layers with a thickness of at st one nanometer and a diameter of at least 5 nanometers. The walls of the tubes can be formed from a wide variety of materials, some of the preferred materials include metals, polymers, carbon, ceramics, glasses. If the space between the tubes is filled, the tubes become channels in a monolithic or composite body. The channels can have a random or ordered orientation. The interior of the tube walls can be coated with a desired material such as a catalyst and also may have depressions or elevations therein that were imparted to the fibers upon which the tubes are formed. The wall layers may be porous for the purpose of removing the fiber therethrough. Microtubes and microtube devices may be interfaced with the macroscopic world in a number of ways.

Abstract: The invention relates to a textile fabric comprising bundles of metal filaments obtained by bundled drawing whereby the bundles in the sheet consist of filaments running substantially parallel and whereby the fabric has a thickness of preferably less than 1 mm. The fabric is obtained by processing a number of drawn composite wires, in which the bundled metal filaments are embedded in a composite matrix, into a fabric by weaving, knitting or braiding and subsequently removing the composite matrix from the fabric. The fabric can also contain plain wires besides the metal filament bundles.

Abstract: Textile fabrics are formed of bundles of machined metal filaments disposed in nearly parallel arrangement in the bundles. The machined filaments have a predominantly quadrilateral cross-section, and an equivalent filament diameter of between 15 and 150 .mu.m, where the equivalent diameter is the diameter of a circle having the same surface area as the surface area of a filament cross-section.

Abstract: A metal matrix composite material made of a fiber reinforcement having a coating of gadolinium and gadolinium boride, preferably as discrete layers, each having a thickness of 1 to 6 microns. This composite is made by coating reinforcing fibers with gadolinium using a deposition technique, further coating the fibers with gadolinium boride by a deposition technique and then consolidating the coated fibers into a metal matrix to form the metal matrix composite.

Abstract: The present invention provides a car exhaust purifying filter member which is high in the capacity to collect solid and liquid contents in exhausts and which has such high heat resistance as to be capable of withstanding heat when burned for cleaning and a method of manufacturing the same. A three-dimensional mesh-like metallic porous member made from Ni--Cr--Al and having a three-dimensional framework is heated at 800-1000 .degree. C. in the atmosphere to form on its surface a densely grown fibrous alumina crystal. This member is used as a filter member. Such a filter member shows excellent collecting capacity and corrosion resistance and can withstand high temperatures. Also, it is possible to firmly carry a catalyst on the fibrous alumina crystal formed on the surface. Because of its increased surface area, it has an increased catalyst carrying capacity.

Abstract: An FE--Ni--Cr-base superalloy consists essentially of, by weight, up to 0.15% C, up to 1.0% Si, up to 3.0% Mn, 30 to 49% Ni, 10 to 18% Cr, 1.6 to 3.0% Al, one or more elements selected from Groups IVa and Va whose amount or total amount is 1.5 to 8.0%, the balance being Fe, optionally, minor amounts of other intentionally added elements, and unavoidable impurities. The optional other elements which can be intentionally added to or omitted from the alloy include Mo, W, Co, B, Mg, Ca, Re, Y and REM. The superalloy is suitable for forming engine valves, knitted mesh supporters for exhaust gas catalyzers and the like, and has excellent high-temperature strength and normal-temperature ductility after long-time heating, as well as sufficient oxidation resistance properties for these uses.

Abstract: An unwoven metal fabric suitable for use as a battery electrode, a catalyst or a filter, and a method of manufacturing such fabric. An unwoven carbon fabric made up of carbon fibers bound together by a resin is heated to carbonize the binder resin and thus to impart electrical conductivity to the resin, and at the same time finely roughen the surfaces of the carbon fibers and the resin. A plating layer is directly formed on the unwoven carbon fabric thus formed by electroplating. Then, the unwoven carbon fabric is removed by roasting to provide an aggregate of metal fibers joined together and having their voids communicating with one another.

Abstract: A preform useful in forming fiber reinforced cementitious composites is disclosed. The preform consists of a free-standing network of metal fibers. In one embodiment, the preform has a shape which bounds a substantial non-interstitial volume devoid of fibers such as a ladle lip ring or an I-beam. The amount of fibers in the preform ranges from about 1 to 10 percent by volume.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for an improved fiber tow having plural diameter metallic wires, comprising the drawing of a first cladded metallic wire to provide a first drawn cladding of reduced diameter. The first cladding is separated into a primary portion and a secondary portion with the secondary portion being drawn to reduce further the diameter. A selected mixture of the primary and the secondary portions are cladded to provide a secondary cladding. A plurality of the second drawn claddings is cladded and drawn to provide a third cladding of reduced diameter. The third cladding is drawn and the claddings are removed to provide a fiber tow comprising metallic wires having a major diameter and a minor diameter. The fiber tow may be severed into uniform length to provide slivers of metallic wires having plural diameters.

Abstract: A negative electrode, and hydrogen storage cell incorporating the negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode is a porous mat of conductive fibers. These fibers, which are capable of reversible hydrogen storage, have high aspect ratios, typically greater than 1,000, and have diameters in the range of about 1 micron to about 20 microns. The porous mat negative electrode may optionally be sintered.

Abstract: Metal particulates and porous metal media, which have enhanced resistance to undesirable oxidation, and methods of producing the same are provided. The porous metal media comprise sintered metal particulates each typically having a core and a surface and a diameter in the range of 0.25 to 50 micrometers, the particulates comprising at least about 60 wt. % of a base metal including at least one of iron and nickel, at least about 11 wt. % chromium and no more than about 0.03 wt. % carbon. The surfaces of the particulates are enriched with at least one treatment element in an amount and depth sufficient to enhance the resistance of the particulates to undesirable oxidation. The invention also includes a fine metal filter medium formed from sintered metal fibers, which has enhanced resistance to corrosion and/or to high temperature oxidation.

Abstract: A grating (22) of narrow parallel ridges (24) is formed in the surface (26) of a substrate (20) made of a hard material such as silicon dioxide. Metal (40) is deposited onto the grating (22) perpendicular to the ridges (24) at an angle of approximately 45.degree. to the surface (26) of the grating such that the metal (40) is deposited onto the top (24a) and one of the sides (24b) of the each of the ridges (24) to form generally L-shaped metal strips (12') thereon. The metal strips (12') are cut at periodic intervals along the ridges (24) to produce anisometric metal needles (12). The substrate (20) is immersed in a dielectric fluid (14), and ultrasonic energy is applied to cause the needles (12) to release from the substrate (20) into suspension in the fluid (14). The L-shape of the needles (12) makes them resistant to bending. The suspension (10) has birefringent properties similar to liquid crystals, but may be electrically switched at much higher speed.

Abstract: This invention offers a unique method to fabricate unique, straight, curved, or coiled tubes as small as 5 nanometers in diameter with wall thicknesses starting at about 1 nanometer. These tubes can be made from many materials such as polymers, ceramics and metals that can be applied to a surface of carbon, glass, or other tube forming fibers and then made to withstand the environment used to remove the fiber.

Abstract: An abradable layer for labyrinth seals of a turbo-engine, particularly a gas turbine is provided. The labyrinth is made of a layered composite material with a core and a shell and embedments. A process for the manufacturing of this abradable layer is provided. In this case, the core is made of a felted or three-dimensionally crosslinked fiber body made of iron base, nickel base or cobalt base alloys and the shell consists of one or several precious metals or precious-metal alloys. Each core is completely surrounded by the shell material, in which case the embedments consist of oxidation-stable sliding materials of the oxide, carbide or nitride group with a hexagonal crystal lattice layer structure.

Abstract: A grating (22) of narrow parallel ridges (24) is formed in the surface (26) of a substrate (20) made of a hard material such as silicon dioxide. Metal (40) is deposited onto the grating (22) perpendicular to the ridges (24) at an angle of approximately 45.degree. to the surface (26) of the grating such that the metal (40) is deposited onto the top (24a) and one of the sides (24b) of the each of the ridges (24) to form generally L-shaped metal strips (12') thereon. The metal strips (12') are cut at periodic intervals along the ridges (24) to produce anisometric metal needles (12). The substrate (20) is immersed in a dielectric fluid (14), and ultrasonic energy is applied to cause the needles (12) to release from the substrate (20) into suspension in the fluid (14). The L-shape of the needles (12) makes them resistant to bending. The suspension ( 10) has birefringent properties similar to liquid crystals, but may be electrically switched at much higher speed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of continuously producing metal fibers, which comprises the steps of providing a plurality of nucleation sites of metal by injecting a stream of gaseous metal carbonyl into a reaction chamber through a first port means while injecting a stream of an inert gas, at a temperature of at least 425.degree. F., into said reaction chamber through a second port means, said first and second port means being positioned to promote mixing of said metal carbonyl and said inert gas as they enter said reaction chamber whereby partial pyrolysis of the metal carbonyl is effected to provide nucleation sites of the metal; subjecting said metal at said nucleation sites to a source of radiant heat while still is in said reaction chamber, to effect further metal carbonyl pyrolysis whereby fibers of the metal are caused to grow so as to have a diameter of at least 0.

Abstract: A family of composites are characterized as a network of a first fiber and at least a second fiber, where at least the first fibers have a multiplicity of bonded junctions at their point of crossing. The largest class has metals as one or both of the fibers, although the second fiber can be of materials such as carbon, ceramics, and high surface area materials. The composites can be simply prepared and manifest enormous variation in such properties as void volume, pore size, and electrical properties generally.

Abstract: A method of compacting a non-woven sintered metal web (1), characterized in that said non woven metal web (1) as such is isostatically pressed, preferably cold isostatically pressed. The isostatically pressed metal web may be used in filter applications and in radiant surface combustion burners.

Abstract: Oxidation-resistant, electrolessly deposited metal coatings, e.g. of copper, can be provided on a variety of substrates such as fibers and films. Precursor substrates have nascent or actual clusters of catalytic metal with dimensions less than 100 nanometers, e.g. about 10 nanometers. Disclosed methods can produce electrically conductive, copper-coated PET or acrylic multifilament with a resistance of less than 20 ohms/meter.

Abstract: A matrix material for regenerators, comprises a stable basic mesh with wire diameters between 0.005 and 0.015 mm and a lead sheathing with a thickness of 0.025 to 0.075 mm. This lead screen mesh can be stacked very easily to form a matrix material. In order to form the mesh, an available fine-mesh metallic screen mesh, for example, of brass, bronze, or high-grade steel, is etched by a wet chemical or electrochemical means, until the mesh has been thinned down to the required wire thickness of between 0.005 an 0.015 mm. Subsequently, this thinned-down mesh is electroplated with lead up to the desired technological mesh width, or is coated with a lead layer that is 0.025 to 0.075 mm thick.

Abstract: A high tensile strength fibrous material is coated with an extruded, corrosion-resistant metal to form a composite wire which is used in the formation of a grid element for a battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing a metallic element such as a gasket (12) or a filter. The production methods relate to compacting of a stud (10) of coiled wire (11) having a rectangular cross-section into a compacted metallic element (12) and sintering of said element at an elevated temperature. The wires of the compact and sintered metallic element (12) are mutually interlocked.

Abstract: A strand for reinforcing objects made of polymer material comprising at least one core wire and less than six outside wires arranged round it, the core wire having an outside diameter larger than the diameter of the circle tangent to each of the outside wires in the hollow space that remains free when their cross-sections have the highest packing density and smaller than the diameter of the outside wires, whereby the outside wires are made of carbon steel wire with a tensile strength of at least 2250-1130 log d N/mm.sup.2, d being the wire diameter in mm. The core wire has a tensile strength less than 2250-1130 log d N/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: A tube-like, abradable seal, exhibiting superior abradability and gas flow blockage, is produced by laying metal fibers into an open-ended annular die such that the fibers are oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tubular die. The fibers are thereafter compressed within the die and sintered to achieve a strong abradable seal.

Abstract: Insulating device for high and low temperatures with at least one insulating material, characterized by the feature that the insulating material is formed at least in part of total reflecting fibers.

Abstract: A process for producing silver-coated potassium titanate fibers comprises admixing the potassium titanate fibers with a silver ion solution containing a reducing agent. The resulting silver-coated potassium titanate fibers can, if desired, be provided with one or more additional metal coatings superimposed on the silver coat wherein the additional metal is other than silver.

Abstract: A matrix for magnetic separators which comprises wire or ribbon of a crystalline magnetic alloy having a fine-grained structure and a supersaturated solid solution structure.

Abstract: To form a radially outwardly extending bulge in a steel wire strand made up of a plurality of individual wires, the strand is compressed along an axial length so that the individual wires deform radially outwardly and in spaced relation to one another. Compressive force is applied to one end of the strand and the strand is anchored at an axially spaced location from the end. A tubular member with a cylindrically shaped inside surface forms a limiting boundary for the outward movement of the individual wires. The tubular member is located between the end of the strand and the location where it is anchored. The end of the strand and the tubular member are rotatably supported. Each individual wire extends along an angular path about the axis of the strand between the end of the strand and the anchor location.

Abstract: A material for steel wool is disclosed which essentially consists of 0.05 to 0.20% of C, up to 0.10% of Si, 0.50 to 1.30% of Mn, 0.035 to 0.10% of P, up to 0.04% of S,0.05 to 0.15% of N and the balance Fe. In this material, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 inclusions with sizes not smaller than 3 microns are suppressed to a level not greater than 20 ppm and when the content of the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 inclusions (3 microns and over) is in the range of 5 to 20 ppm, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 inclusions with a size ranging from 3 to 10 microns is contained in an amount not smaller than 30% of the total content of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 inclusions with sizes not smaller than 3 microns.

Abstract: Filaments of glassy metallic alloys prepared by chill block melt-spinning are consolidated under heat and pressure by an extrusion process. Products obtainable by the process include discrete bodies of glassy metallic alloys of substantially uniform composition and articles having one or more layers of glassy metallic alloy clad onto one or more non-glassy metallic alloy substrates.

Abstract: A solder removing device is disclosed including fibres of temperature-resistant non-metallic material, such as a synthetic polymeric material, for example FEP or PTFE, which are coated with a metal rendering them more receptive to solder flux. The metallized fibres are coated with solder flux rendering them more capable of wetting with molten solder, interstices between the fibres serving to absorb molten solder by capillary attraction.

Abstract: A device for removing a solder alloy from a solid soldered joint comprising a multiplicity of metallic strands formed into an elongated wick operable to effect the solder removal through the application of an end portion thereof to the joint in heat exchange relation to a heat source so that when the solder alloy is rendered molten by the heat source it will flow by capillary action from the joint into the applied end portion of the wick, the improved step of each metallic strand of the wick having its exterior surface coated with solidified solder alloy having a melting point substantially below the melting point of tin prior to being formed into the wick so that when the end portion thereof is applied to the joint in heat exchange relation with the heat source as aforesaid the solid solder alloy of the coating on the strands of the applied end portion when rendered molten by the heat source mixes with the molten solder alloy from the joint flowing by capillary action into the applied end portion of the wick