Abstract: Embodiments of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) structures discussed herein employ a first pinning layer and a second pinning layer with a synthetic anti-ferrimagnetic layer disposed therebetween. The first pinning layer in contact with the seed layer can contain a single layer of platinum or palladium, alone or in combination with one or more bilayers of cobalt and platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), or palladium (Pd), or combinations or alloys thereof, The first pinning layer and the second pinning layer can have a different composition or configuration such that the first pinning layer has a higher magnetic material content than the second pinning layer and/or is thicker than the second pinning layer. The MTJ stacks discussed herein maintain desirable magnetic properties subsequent to high temperature annealing.

Abstract: A method of making a molybdenum or molybdenum alloy metal strip is disclosed. The method includes roll compacting a molybdenum-based powder into a green strip. The method also includes sintering the green strip followed by a combination of warm rolling, annealing, and cold rolling steps to form the final metal strip which may be cut-to-length. The strip at the final thickness may also undergo an optional stress relief step.

Abstract: A metal article formed by compacting a sodium/molybdenum composite metal powder under sufficient pressure to form a preformed article; placing the preformed article in a sealed container; raising the temperature of the sealed container to a temperature that is lower than a sintering temperature of molybdenum; and subjecting the sealed container to an isostatic pressure for a time sufficient to increase the density of the metal article to at least about 90% of theoretical density.

Abstract: A coating for protecting a base material from wear and corrosion includes a first layer deposited directly onto an outer surface of the base material. In addition, the coating includes a second layer deposited directly onto the first layer. The first layer is positioned between the base material and the second layer. The first layer includes chromium having a first micro-crack density and the second layer comprises chromium having a second micro-crack density that is less than the first micro-crack density.

Abstract: Coated articles and methods for applying coatings are described. In some cases, the coating can exhibit desirable properties and characteristics such as durability, corrosion resistance, and high conductivity. The articles may be coated, for example, using an electrodeposition process.

Abstract: There is provided a metal laminated structure in which a first metal layer containing tungsten is provided on a first surface of a second metal layer containing copper and a third metal layer containing tungsten is provided on a second surface of the second metal layer opposite to the first surface, and the first metal layer contains crystal grains of tungsten in a form of a columnar crystal extending in a direction perpendicular to the first surface of the second metal layer and the third metal layer contains crystal grains of tungsten in a form of a columnar crystal extending in a direction perpendicular to the second surface of the second metal layer, and a method for producing the metal laminated structure.

Abstract: A composite copper foil having three layers of a supporting metal layer, an exfoliating layer and a thin copper layer, wherein one surface of the exfoliating layer comprises, as a main component, an alloy of tungsten or an alloy of molybdenum and the other surface thereof comprises, as a main component, a metal oxide containing tungsten or a metal oxide containing molybdenum. The composite copper foil is free from undesired swelling, separation or falling of the supporting metal layer during heating and working at a high temperature, and the supporting metal layer can be exfoliated from the thin copper layer with case, after the heating and the working.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium including an interlayer structure for crystallographically orienting a layer of a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) perpendicular magnetic recording material formed thereon, comprising in overlying sequence from a surface of a magnetically soft underlayer: (1) a first crystalline layer of a material having a first lattice parameter and a strong preferred growth orientation; (2) a second crystalline layer of a material having a second lattice parameter and the same strong preferred growth orientation as the first crystalline layer; and (3) a third crystalline layer of an hcp material, having a [0002] lattice parameter similar to or different from that of the second lattice parameter of the second crystalline layer and a strong <0002> preferred growth orientation, wherein: the second crystalline layer has a lower interfacial energy with the first crystalline layer and a higher interfacial energy with the third crystalline layer, owing to a lower surface energy of th

Abstract: An improved catalyst system that includes a metal support structure and an anti-corrosive layer on the metal support structure, and has improved resistance to corrosion and other degradation under corrosive environments. Typically, a catalyst supporting layer is applied over the anti-corrosive layer.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor has a pair of magnetic shields serving as a negative electrode and a positive electrode, respectively, a magnetoresistive element arranged between the pair of magnetic shields, a nonmagnetic conductive layer for the negative electrode arranged between the magnetic shield for the negative electrode and the magnetoresistive element and including a first metal layer formed in contact with the magnetoresistive element and a second metal layer formed in contact with the first metal layer, and a nonmagnetic conductive layer for the positive electrode arranged between the magnetic shield for the positive electrode and the magnetoresistive element and formed of a first metal layer, the first metal layer containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ta, Ti, Cr, V, Mo and W.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium was a high normalized coercive force and superior thermal stability. The magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic base material, and a ferromagnetic metal layer of cobalt based alloy formed on top of this base material with a metal underlayer disposed therebetween, and displays a coercive force Hc of at least 2000 (Oe) and an anisotropic magnetic field Hkgrain of at least 10,000 (Oe). Furthermore, magnetic recording media in which the aforementioned metal underlayer and/or the ferromagnetic metal layer are fabricated in a film fabrication chamber with an ultimate vacuum at the 10?9 Torr level are preferred. A magnetic recording medium according to the present invention can be ideally applied to hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes and the like.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for high areal recording density that has excellent thermal fluctuation resistance and recording/reproduction characteristics, and a method of producing the same. The magnetic recording medium includes a glass substrate, an NiP layer having an oxide film on its surface provided on the glass substrate, a ground layer provided on the NiP layer, and a nonmagnetic intermediate layer provided on the ground layer. The magnetic recording medium further includes an exchange layer structure composed of a ferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic coupling layer provided on the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a magnetic recording layer provided on the exchange layer structure. The oxide film on the NiP layer is formed by introducing a small quantity of oxygen into a vacuum chamber of a sputter device. The formation and oxidation of the NiP layer are conducted at a temperature of not less than 140° C.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multi-layer coating having a bronze color. The coating comprises a polymeric basecoat layer, and a color and protective stack layer comprised of layers of carbon-rich refractory metal or refractory metal alloy carbonitride alternating with layers of nitrogen-rich refractory metal or refractory metal alloy carbonitride.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium includes at least a reflective layer and a recording layer formed in this order on a substrate, in which record and reproduction of information are carried out by irradiating the medium with laser beam from a recording layer side. The reflective layer includes two or more thin film layers different in surface roughness, of which one near the substrate has a surface tension smaller than a surface tension of one near the recording layer. The medium exhibits a coercive force and CNR of a recording layer of a magneto-optical recording medium to realize high density recording by contriving the constitution of the recording layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a non-magnetic ground layer, a non-magnetic recording layer, a protecting layer formed sequentially on a non-magnetic substrate, one on top of another. A double-layered non-magnetic ground layer consists of a pure chromium layer, positioned closer to a substrate, and a chromium-molybdenum-tungsten ternary alloy layer, positioned closer to a magnetic recording layer. This provides the non-magnetic recording layer formed on such a ground layer with cobalt alloy grains having uniform dimensions. The resulting magnetic recording medium has an excellent SNR.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium having Co-based alloy magnetic layer containing Pt formed on a substrate through an underlayer, by forming said underlayer with plural underlayers including double layer structure which is formed by piling up 1st underlayer of Cr-based alloy containing Ti and 2nd underlayer of Cr-based alloy containing at least one element selected from a group comprising Mo and W in this sequence, crystal grain diameter is decreased and then medium noise can be decreased, and c axis is oriented to in-plane direction and then high coercivity can be obtained, consequently the magnetic recording medium having high signal to noise ratio at high recording density region is obtained. Further a small size large capacity magnetic recording system can be provided by combination of said magnetic recording media with a MR (magnetoresistive) head.

Abstract: The present invention relates to articles, having an extended useful life, which are used in contact with high temperature molten aluminum or molten zinc baths. One aspect of the invention encompasses articles, such as bearings, bushings, couplings or rollers, used in contact with molten aluminum or molten zinc which is coated with a high density coating consisting of a metal selected from Groups Vb, VIb, or VIIb metals (preferably molybdenum or tungsten), in pure or alloyed form. These coatings generally have a thickness of from about 0.06 to about 0.30 inch. Another aspect of the present invention encompasses a roll for guiding steel strip through a high temperature aluminizing bath, which utilizes a multi-layer structure, the first primer layer being a Group Vb, VIb or VIIb metal, preferably tungsten or molybdenum (in pure or alloyed form), the second layer comprising MCrAlY in which M is either nickel or cobalt, and the third layer comprising a refractory metal oxide of Al, Zr, Si or Cr.

Abstract: A multilayer brazeable metallization structure for diamond components is described. The brazeable metallization finds particular application for the attachment of diamond components such as heat spreaders in electronic packages that incorporate high power semiconductor devices. In the present invention, a diamond component is provided with a multilayer coating of metals including a first layer of chromium for adhesion, a second barrier layer of a refractory metal for a barrier that may be alloyed with chromium, and a top layer of copper, silver or gold for wetting. The refractory metals for the second layer include tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum and niobium. Tungsten or tungsten-chromium alloy is preferred as the second layer. This multilayer metallization structure provides a robust interface between diamond and standard brazing alloys which are used to join the diamond to electrical leads or a flange made of metals such as copper-tungsten.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a nonmagnetic substrate having applied thereon through a nonmagnetic underlayer a magnetic recording layer composed of a magnetic metal material. The nonmagnetic substrate has a smooth surface with an average surface roughness Ra of not more than 20 Å, a recesses-and protrusions-forming layer having stripe-like protrusions and recesses in the circumferential direction, formed on the substrate. A CrP or CrMoP reinforcing coat layer having a hardness higher than that of the recesses-and protrusions-forming layer is sandwiched between the substrate and the recesses-and-protrusions-forming layer.

Abstract: An electrical conductor for use in an electronic structure is disclosed which includes a conductor body that is formed of an alloy including between about 0.001 atomic % and about 2 atomic % of an element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, In, Sn and Hf; and a liner abutting the conductor body which is formed of an alloy that includes Ta, W, Ti, Nb and V. The invention further discloses a liner for use in a semiconductor interconnect that is formed of a material selected from the group consisting of Ti, Hf, In, Sn, Zr and alloys thereof, TiCu3, Ta1−XTix, Ta1−X, Hfx, Ta1−X, Inxy, Ta1−XSnx, Ta1−XZrx.

Abstract: A friction welded joint structure includes friction welded dissimilar first and second metallic materials. The first metallic material has a rigidity greater than the second metallic material. The angle of the first metallic material to a free edge of the first metallic material, at an end portion of a joined surface between the first and second metallic materials, is greater than or equal to 120 degrees or in the range of from 55 degrees to 85 degrees. A reaction layer between the first and second metallic materials is more than zero and less than or equal to 20 &mgr;m. The first metallic material is copper. The second, which has the smaller rigidity, is aluminum.

Abstract: A highly reliable sintered compact which can be readily and safely produced, and a method for producing such sintered compact are provided. The sintered compact is preferably formed into a heat sink 1 which comprises a heat sink main body 2. The heat sink main body 2 comprises a substrate 3, a plurality of projections 4 integrally formed with the substrate 3 on its heat dissipation surface, and a molded frame 5 integrally formed with the substrate 3 to surround the projections 4. On each corner of the substrate 3 is formed a circular molded hole 6. The opposite surface of the substrate 3 is formed into a contacting surface which is adapted to be in contact with the heat generating semiconductor chip, and this contacting surface is surface treated, for example, by plating. The sintered compact is produced from metal powders, and it comprises at least one metal selected from tungsten and molybdenum and 2 to 50% by weight of silver.

Abstract: A Cu plated ceramic substrate is used in a semiconductor. On a ceramic substrate layer, a thin-film Cr layer is put, and a thin-firm Au layer is put on the Cr layer. The Au layer is plated with Cu. By providing the Au and Cr layers between the ceramic plate and Cu layer, adhesibility is increased. A Pertier element which includes the Cu plated ceramic layer is employed in a semiconductor to absorb and generate heat efficiently.

Abstract: A reduced CTE composite structure is made by providing a matrix material whose CTE is to be reduced, adding negative CTE bodies to the matrix material and mechanically coupling the matrix material to the negative CTE bodies as by deforming the composite structure. A preferred application is to make an improved composite material for use as a heat sink for semiconductor substrates with a minimum of thermal expansion mismatch.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a non-magnetic substrate having thereon a non-magnetic undercoat, a magnetic film and optionally a protective film. The magnetic film comprises a material containing Co as a main component. The non-magnetic undercoat comprises at least two layers including a first undercoat film and a second undercoat film provided on the first undercoat film. The first undercoat film comprises a material containing Cr as a main component, and the second undercoat film comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a Cr/Nb-base alloy, a Cr/W-base alloy, a Cr/V-base alloy and a Cr/Mo-base alloy as a main component.

Abstract: A sintered electrode of high-melting metal (for example tungsten) is produced from spherical metal powder having a well defined particle size. The mean particle size is from 5 to 70 &mgr;m. The particle size distribution covers a range from at most 20% below to at most 20% above the mean particle size.

Abstract: A coated article comprises a substrate, an inner environmental resistant coating portion including Al on the substrate, and an outer heat energy reflecting and oxygen diffusion inhibiting coating portion outward of the inner portion. The outer coating portion is multi-layer, comprising 6-48 discrete stacked layers and a total outer coating portion thickness in the range of about 2.5-25 microns.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lead frame material and a process for manufacturing a lead frame material. The process includes forming an intermediate layer on a lead frame substrate by vacuum deposition and forming a top protective layer on the intermediate layer by vacuum deposition. By using vacuum deposition, the coating material can be selected from a wider variety of materials; thus, coatings with novel compositions can be formed. The intermediate layer can be Ni, Ag, W, Zn, Cr, Mo, Cu, Sn, Al, Ta, Co, Nb, or alloys thereof, and the top protective layer can be Pt, Ir, Re, Ru, Rh, Pd, Au, Ag, or alloys thereof.

Abstract: A coating system (10) formed on a molybdenum substrate (12) includes an oxidation resistance layer (14), a CTE matching layer (16) disposed between the oxidation resistance layer (14) and the substrate (12), and a novel barrier layer (18) disposed between the CTE matching layer (16) and the substrate (12). The CTE matching layer reduces stresses due to differential expansion/contraction as between the substrate (12) and the oxidation resistance layer (14), especially for high temperature applications. The barrier layer (18), which remains amorphous at temperatures up to at least 1000° C., inhibits diffusion of carbon and silicon into substrate (12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a stopper for use in a substantially cylindrical bottle opening. The stopper has a substantially cylindrical shape to seal the bottle opening and includes a first polymer portion and a second material portion, wherein the second material portion coaxially overlies the first polymer portion. In another embodiment, the stopper includes a third polymer portion wherein the first polymer portion coaxially overlies the third polymer portion. The invention also relates to a method of protecting liquid in a bottle with a substantially cylindrical bottle opening. The method includes providing a stopper having a substantially cylindrical shape to seal the bottle opening and closing off the bottle by insertion of the stopper into the bottle opening. The invention also relates to a method of producing a stopper for use in a substantially cylindrical bottle opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to disposable thermal packs comprising a unified structure having at least one continuous layer of a semirigid material which softens when heated. The thermal packs also comprise a plurality of individual heat cells, which typically comprise an exothermic composition, spaced apart and fixed throughout the unified structure. The material of the continuous layer or layers provide sufficient rigidity to maintain structural support of the heat cells, to prevent unacceptable stretching of structures of the continuous layer or layers during processing or use of the thermal packs, and to deter easy access to heat cell contents, while also providing good overall drape characteristics when heated. The thermal packs, when incorporated into body wraps, pads, and the like, provide efficient and effective heat coverage by having excellent conformity with various body forms.

Abstract: An injection molded bottle closure with a gradually varying cellular density distribution, whereby the cellular density distribution varies between a first cellular structure of a high density and a second cellular structure of a relatively lower density. The method of forming the injection molded bottle closure comprises forming a mold cavity be engaging a first mold section with a second mold section having a retractable portion, and injecting into the mold cavity an injection mixture which contains a blowing agent. A gradually varying density distribution is created according to a predetermined control function which depends on the mold cavity volume and the injection rate of the injection mixture.

Abstract: Provided are a heat spreader that can reduce an increase in the thermal expansion coefficient up to high temperatures of not lower than 500.degree. C. and has an excellent thermal expansion property and an adequate heat-conductive property and a method of making the same. This heat spreader comprises high-thermal-conductivity layers made of a Cu-base metal, low-thermal-expansion layers made of an Fe--Ni-base alloy each of which layers is provided with a plurality of through holes, and thermal expansion-restraining layers of a metal with a thermal expansion coefficient .alpha. at 30-800.degree. C. of not more than 7.5.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree. C.

Abstract: A flooded lead acid battery includes a casing enclosing a plurality of cells having liquid electrolyte therein and a cover incorporating negative and positive terminals and having a plurality of vent holes. The vent holes are covered by at least one closure having a vent cavity therein, and a relatively rigid porous polytetrofluorethylene disc having hydrophobic properties is sealed within the vent cavity.

Abstract: A gasket having two opposed faces and an edge disposed therebetween is given a wide coating on the edge. The coating is sufficiently wide so that it goes from corner to corner on the edge and protrudes past the corner on at least one side of the gasket in a direction perpendicular to a facial plane of the gasket. The coating protrudes in an amount effective to give the gasket a sealing ability which is better than the sealing ability of the same gasket if it had a coating merely extending from corner to corner without protruding.

Abstract: A pliable flat disk of laminated construction having a thin top layer of deformable material bonded to a relatively thicker intermediate layer of pliable adhesive sealant material and a removable bottom layer of release paper covering the exposed surface of the sealant material is deformed during installation to cover and seal the head of a fastener protruding from a surface. The disk is installed and deformed by a tool having an end with a recess slightly deeper than the height of the head of the fastener and an interior slightly larger than the outer periphery of the head of the fastener. The release paper is removed to expose the adhesive sealant material and the flat disk is generally centered and stuck, adhesive side down, onto the fastener head.

Abstract: A resealable liner and induction seal combination is disclosed. The combination has a transparent, removable, tamper-evident inner seal for a container and a liner that remains within a closure to provide a resealable, chemically resistant closure for the container.

Abstract: Solid disks of polyethylene oxide are radiation crosslinked to instill viscoelastic memory. The disks are then pierced with a needle, heated, cooled and the needle removed to form disks containing a flow orifice in each which upon contact with water will revert to solid disks. A disk with a flow orifice made as just described when used as a memory flow control valve in a conventional injection device will produce a syringe with a single-use, auto-destruct capability. When the disk is inserted in a retainer in the flow channel of the injection device, a drug/vaccine can be drawn into the syringe and then expelled for a preselected time less than six minutes before the water in the drug/vaccine causes the flow orifice in the disk to close, the disk then reverting to its solid shape due to its viscoelastic memory.

Abstract: A container for aerosols which contains 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, or a mixture thereof as a propellant, wherein the container has at least one elastomeric sealing member comprising a thermoplastic copolymer of about 80 to about 95 mole percent ethylene and a total of about 5 to about 20 mole percent of one or more comonomers which may be 1-butene, 2-hexene, and 1-octene.

Abstract: A composite fluoropolymer material contains outer layers consisting essentially of conformable porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and interior layers consisting essentially of rigid fluoropolymer material which may be a densified expanded PTFE, wherein the composite layers may optionally contain electrically conductive fillers. The composite is bonded together to form a sheet material that is sufficiently conformable to provide good seal between surfaces and is sufficiently rigid to make the material easy to handle and install. The material of the present invention is particularly suitable for use as a gasket where rigidity is needed, customization or modification of gasket shape is desirable, and/or where a wide, even sealing surface is sought.

Abstract: The present invention relates to disposable thermal packs comprising a unified structure having at least one continuous layer of a semirigid material which softens when heated. The thermal packs also comprise a plurality of individual heat cells, which typically comprise an exothermic composition, spaced apart and fixedly attached across the unified structure. The material of the continuous layer or layers provide sufficient rigidity to maintain structural support of the heat cells, to prevent unacceptable stretching of structures of the continuous layer or layers during processing or use of the thermal packs, and to ensure child resistance, while also providing good overall drape characteristics when heated. The thermal packs, when incorporated into body wraps, pads, and the like, provide uniform heat coverage by having excellent conformity with various body forms.

Abstract: A device for delivering an aerosol comprises a casing member, a valve stem, and a sealing member, wherein the sealing member comprises a thermoplastic elastomer comprising of a copolymer of about 80-95 mole % ethylene and about 5-20 mole % of at least one comonomer wherein the comonomer(s) are 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene. The device is used with pharmaceutical formulations containing 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and/or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane as the propellant.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymer blends which can be used both in foamed and unfoamed states as a replacement for conventional EPDM and other elastomers. The composition of the blend includes a single-site catalyzed polyolefin resin having a density of below 0.878 g cm.sup.-3 and up to 40 weight percent a polyolefin including ethylene and propylene. The polymer blend is cross-linked. The polymer blends are formable and foamable. The use of sulfur to vulcanize the polymer blend is not necessary. The polymer blends can be used to make foam for floatation or for making gaskets.

Abstract: A spherical annular seal member which has a cylindrical inner surface defining a through hole in a central portion thereof as well as an outer surface formed in the shape of a partially convex spherical surface, and which is used particularly in an exhaust pipe joint, includes: a reinforcing member made from a compressed metal wire net; a heat-resistant material filling meshes of the reinforcing member and compressed in such a manner as to be formed integrally with the reinforcing member in mixed form, the heat-resistant material and the reinforcing member being provided as principal components in an interior portion of the spherical annular seal member which extends from the cylindrical inner surface to a vicinity of the outer surface formed in the shape of the partially convex spherical surface, aluminum phosphate being also formed integrally with the reinforcing member and the heat-resistant material in mixed form; a sliding layer formed of a lubricating composition which is constituted of boron nitride an

Abstract: A method for leak testing of a hermetic package closure comprises the steps of: creating a pocket in a lid; plating the lid; placing solder in the pocket; melting the solder in the pocket; drilling a hole through the solder and the plated lid creating an unplated area on the plated lid; testing the hermetic package closure for leaks through the hole; heating the solder reflow, wherein surface tension of the solder over the hole and the unplated area enable the solder to form a hermetic closure.

Abstract: A molded structure formed in a mold having a space, the molded structure itself constituting a molding body when combined with an upper mold. The molded structure has a substrate which may be a carrier frame for an electrical connector. An insert which may be an elastomer is disposed on the substrate and formed in the space in the mold. A deformable (preferably elastic) molding seal is disposed directly on the substrate and under the elastomer, the molding seal preventing elastomer flash during molding. The molding seal may be a ridge surrounding the space of the mold in which the elastomer is formed. The substrate may also have a datum surface on which the mold locates, with the molding seal disposed in a plane which differs from the plane of the datum surface of the substrate. A process of molding the insert on the substrate is also provided.

Abstract: By achieving an extruded, foamed core formed from plastic material peripherally surrounded and integrally bonded with a cooperating synthetic, plastic, extruded, outer layer, a unique, multi-component, multi-layer synthetic closure is provided which may be employed as a bottle closure or stopper for any desired product, whether the product is a liquid, a viscous material, or a solid distributed in a bottle or container and dispensed through the open portal of the container neck. The present invention achieves a mass producible, resilient, synthetic bottle closure which is employable for any desired bottle, including wine. By employing the present invention, a multi-component or multi-layer synthetic closure is attained which possesses physical properties substantially equal to or better than the physical properties found in cork material, which has caused such cork material to be the principal closure material for wine bottles.

Abstract: An improved, chemically resistant gasket is constructed from a composite containing outer layers consisting essentially of conformable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and interior layers consisting essentially of a densified expanded PTFE, wherein the composite layers may optionally contain electrically conductive fillers. The composite is bonded together to form a sheet material that is sufficiently conformable to provide good seal between surfaces and is sufficiently rigid to make the material easy to handle and install. The material of the present invention is particularly suitable for use as a gasket where rigidity is needed, customization or modification of gasket shape is desirable, and/or where a wide, even sealing surface is sought.

Abstract: A seal for movable structural components, such as piston rods or shafts, includes a carrier body made of plastics and a sealing member made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material and bonded to the carrier body. A plastic material may be mixed with the PTFE and fused to the plastic carrier body during injection molding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite disk for use as inlet or regulating disk, wherein a support disk and at least one hard material disk having a functional surface are arranged above one another, the support and hard material disks are joined to one another by frictional fastening, forcelocking, formlocking, mechanical interlocking, retention by self substance and/or bonding, the support disk has a thickness of at least 0.6 mm and the hard material disk has a thickness of from 0.05 to 2.5 mm and the hard material disk comprises a material having a Vickers microhardness of at least 1300 HV 0.5.