Abstract: A spiral core comprises successive convolutions of a rigidifying layer which are spaced with respect to each other and maintained in a spiral spaced relationship. Preferably, a spiral insulation layer, having convolutions intermediate the convolutions of the rigidifying layer and forming a laminate with the rigidifying layer, is also present in the spiral core. The insulation layer and the rigidifying layer are bonded together to maintain the laminate spirally wound. The rigidifying layer can be a sheet material that is bonded to the insulation layer or a bonding material that hardens to both form the rigidifying layer and bond the rigidifying layer to the insulation layer. The insulation layer is a flexible insulation material such as, fiber glass blanket, a mineral wool fiber blanket, a ceramic fiber blanket, a polyimide fiber blanket or a foam sheet.

Abstract: A multipolar electrode lead, of the type used to deliver electrical energy in vivo to tissue as part of a system for medical electrotherapy, contains at least first and second conductors, with at least the first conductor being provided with an insulating coating which electrically separates the conductors from each other. The risk of the insulating coating being worn off and a short-circuit developing are reduced by forming the insulating coating of a material having a high electrical resistance and a resistance to abrasion.

Abstract: An exterior finishing system for a building, including particularly an exterior insulation system, which includes a fibrous mat-faced gypsum board, preferably a board in which the set gypsum core thereof is water resistant, and preferably one in which the set gypsum core is sandwiched between two sheets of porous glass mat, with the outer surface of at least one of said mats being substantially free of set gypsum, and means for preparing the board, including control of the viscosity of the aqueous gypsum slurry from which the set gypsum core of the board is formed. Also, the use of fibrous mat-faced gypsum board as the shaft liner panel in a shaft wall assembly.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced plastic reinforcement for concrete structure comprises a core made of a fiber reinforced plastic material composed of a matrix resin and reinforcing fiber, uneven profile portion integrally formed on the peripheral surface portion of the core having alternately arranged first higher portions and second lower portions, and the reinforcing fiber extending in series across the core and the uneven profile portion.

Abstract: A method of using waste materials produced by coal combustion to produce useful products. In one embodiment the invention provides solid bricks produced by compressing together fly ash, bottom ash, gypsum, calcium carbonate, and lime. These bricks have sufficient structural strength for use in building and construction. In another embodiment, waste materials are encapsulated in a mixture of fly ash, bottom ash, gypsum, lime, and calcium carbonate and compressed into bricks that may be disposed of in an environmentally acceptable manner. Further, the compressed bricks containing waste material may be coated with an impermeable membrane of a synthetic polymeric material. Further, the invention provides a mobile, trailer-mounted apparatus for compressing the mixtures into bricks.

Abstract: A combination concrete panel wall, concrete window frame, and concrete sash glazing frame. The sill, lintel, and jambs of the window frame are fiber-reinforced concrete extrusions which are cut to length and cemented together. The hardened frame is placed in a concrete panel molding frame to locate and define a window opening. The concrete panel wall grout is then poured and dovetail-type mortise and tenon joints are precast in the exterior faces of the window frame which abut the poured concrete wall panel plastic grout, to permanently mold and interlock the window frame to the panel wall. The sash members are also reinforced concrete extrusions which are cut to length, cemented together, and fitted about a window pane which is located in interior grooves in the sash members and then glazed. An elastoplastic seal interconnects the sash to the window frame to provide a condensation-resistant, water-tight, air-tight, heat and fire-resistant concrete wall closure.

Abstract: A lightweight, flexible ski pole which is virtually indestructible comprises a filament-reinforced, resin-matrix composite shaft having a diameter of about 0.05 in or less and a tensile strength of about 140,000 or higher. The shaft may be severely bent without damage or deformation. A surface coating of acrylic paint is applied by dip coating. A metal tip is adhesively applied, as are hand grip and basket. The shaft may be solid or hollow, straight or tapered near the lower end. If hollow and tapered, the tapered end is reinforced with a short reinforcing rod.

Abstract: A low cost, lightweight, high strength, long lasting, crack resistant, monolithically formed composite structural material and the method of making the same in which the composite consists of a core constructed from lightweight, granulated scrap or waste plastic bonded together with a relatively inexpensive cementitious slurry binder. The core is covered on one or more of its surfaces with a high strength outer layer constructed of layers of non-woven fabric material impregnated with a cementitious slurry binder having a different formulation than the core cementitious slurry binder to effectively bond with the fibers in the layers of non-woven fabric material to form a three-dimensional reinforcement matrix for the outer layer cementitious slurry binder.

Abstract: An insulating board in which the capacity to absorb the moisture exemplified by wood fiber based board, cellulose fiber based board and perlite based board is coupled with the high permeability of fiber glass insulation to provide a board having a balance between the capacity to hold moisture and sufficient permeance to allow the board to give up the moisture as the board is passed through a cycle of absorption and desorption, whether it be on a daily or seasonable cycle is provided with an air retarder sheet laminated thereto, which while it provides an air retarder and a water shield has a high permeance so as to allow water vapor to pass through.

Abstract: A low cost, lightweight, high strength, long lasting, crack resistant, monolithically formed composite structural material and the method of making the same in which the composite consists of a core constructed from lightweight, granulated scrap or waste plastic bonded together with a cementitious slurry binder. The core is covered on one or more of its sides with a high strength outer layer constructed of layers of non-woven fabric material impregnated with the same cementitous slurry binder with the fibers in the layers of non-woven fabric material forming a three-dimensional reinforcement matrix for the cementitous slurry. The composite of the core and covering is co-formed and cured monolithically with the cementitious slurry being continuous throughout the fibers of the layers of non-woven fabric and the core with the lightweight scrap or waste plastic serving as an aggregate for the core. The composite structural material can be molded or formed in various shapes and configurations for various purposes.

Abstract: A ceramic matrix composite article having a varying thickness is fabricated by a process wherein multiple prepreg sheets comprising reinforcing fibers and powdered matrix material are stacked to provide a multi-layer prepreg stack wherein, through each cross-sectional dimension perpendicular to the plane of the sheets, the number of prepreg sheets contributing to the aggregate sheet thickness of the stack varies in proportion to the relative thickness desired in the layered article. The stack may consolidated to a composite article with a smoothly varying thickness profile without undue fiber breakage or ply wrinkling in the composite structure consolidated into a composite article having a smoothly varying thickness profile with reduced internal fiber bowing or breakage. Preferably, the exterior surfaces of the article comprise long, substantially continuous fibers and are free of ply drops.

Abstract: A backer board for use as a base to which ceramic tile is bonded for a bathtub or shower area, in which the board is made by forming a gypsum core board with fiber glass laminated composite facings, which include an inner fiber glass scrim, an outer fiber glass nonwoven matte and an acrylic film, which film is formed of an acrylic latex of a class commonly employed as an ingredient in Portland cement mortar for applying ceramic tile.

Abstract: This invention provides a nonlinear optical medium which is a composite of a microporous inorganic oxide glass which contains an incorporated solution of a solvent and an organic component which exhibits nonlinear optical response.In one embodiment the solution incorporated in the microporous glass monolith is composed of dioxane and 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4'-nitrostilbene.

Abstract: A cast-iron element with a non-iron interior area utilizes a molding core formed of a glass material, which may be tubular or solid and may, as desired, be entirely enclosed within the casting.

Abstract: An expanded perlite insulation board having an integrally attached scorch-resistant layer is provided. During formation of the perlite insulating board using a traditional Fourdrinier manufacturing process, a liquid slurry of mineral wool and clay is applied to the still-wet perlite board, forming a coating thereon. Upon completion of the manufacturing process, the coated layer protects the underlying perlite board from scorching during installation of the outer modified bitumen layer when using the open flame, propane torch method of installation.

Abstract: This invention provides a nonlinear optical medium which is a composite of a microporous inorganic oxide glass which contains an incorporated solution of a solvent and an organic component which exhibits nonlinear optical response.In one embodiment the solution incorporated in the microporous glass monolith is composed of dioxane and 4-N,N-dimethylamino-4'-nitrostilbene.

Abstract: A fire resistant wall element comprises a phase conversion material, preferably glauber salt, the phase conversion of which takes place at a temperature below about 50.degree. C. and is endothermic. According to the invention, the wall element (1) includes a further, a second, phase conversion material (6) placed adjacent the firstmentioned phase conversion material (3), the phase conversion of the further phase conversion material (6) taking place at a higher temperature than the aforementioned temperature, the further phase conversion material (6) being intended to be placed nearer the outer surface (5) of the wall element (1) than the firstmentioned phase conversion material (3), this outer surface being the surface which is heated in the event of fire.According to one preferred embodiment, the further phase conversion material (6) contains bound water in such large quantities that the endothermic reaction taking place during the phase conversion process essentially constitutes the vaporization of water.

Abstract: A fire-resistant door comprises a core panel of mineral material, such as gypsum wallboard. A fiber mat, preferably comprising glass fibers, is at least partially embedded in each face of said core panel. An edge banding assembly disposed around the periphery of the core panel is centrally grooved to receive the panel edges. Facing sheets are affixed to the opposite sides of the edge banding assembly in spaced parallel relation to the core panel, and a spacer material at least partially fills the spaces between the facing sheets and the core panel.

Abstract: A construction material light weight as compared to standard concrete yet having excellent thermal insulation qualities. The material when processed uses cement, pumice in small size particularized form and/or volcanic ash, scoria in particularized form, vermiculite in flaked particle form and water for the cement. While excellent product may be formed with these ingredients alone a more uniformly predicable product may be produced if, prior to mixing of all the ingredients, the vermiculite is mixed with kerosene on the ratio of approximately one cubic foot to one fourth cubic foot. The vermiculite is then mixed with the pumice to kerosene coat the pumice to block absorbtion of water from the water cement mixture by the pumice to thereby insure proper curing of the cement binder in the overall material mix.

Abstract: A composition useful as the core of fire resistant gypsum board and comprising a major amount of set calcined gypsum and minor amounts of whisker fibers, glass fibers and clay.

Abstract: Increased fire resistant gypsum board core formulations and plaster fireproofing formulations are provided by incorporating calcium sulfate anhydrite into the formulations. Particularly fire resistant effects are achieved with a fibrous form of calcium sulfate anhydrite, and with blends of calcium sulfate anhydrite II in particulate or fibrous form. Optionally, the formulations may contain either small amounts of textile glass fiber, wollastonite or vermiculite.

Abstract: A self-supporting composite plate for double floors or the like, comprising a pan-shaped wrapper for receiving therein a flowable and hardenable filler material of high compression resistance when in a hardened state, such as anhydrite or concrete. The pan-shaped wrapper comprises a plurality of downwardly extending burl-like projecting blocks containing the filler material. A base element of high tensile strength is connected to the projecting blocks.

Abstract: A mat like composite body (1) comprising a cover layer (2) of a fiber or filament fleece and a backing layer (3) comprising the same fleece or of a synthetic plastic sheet (7), in particular one provided with depressions (8), between the cover layer (2) and the backing layer (3) a layer (5) of particles (6) of an inert material, preferably rock particles, is arranged. The three layers (2, 3 5) are needle-bonded together prefereably with holding fibers (4) taken from the cover layer (2) is described. Different possible applications of the composite body (1) are disclosed, whereby the composite body (1) by the utilization of the properties of the granular particles (6), which serve for example to dilute and/or carry other particles (13), such as binders, active ingredients, etc, is applied to the external treatment of human or animal bodies, sound attenuation, fire protection, the weighting of third bodies or as a so-called car protection mat.

Abstract: A magnetic head comprises a magnetic head element constituted of a core composed of a material of high permeability, a case for the magnetic head element, the magnetic head element being fixed into said case with a fixing material which comprises a plurality of epoxy resins having different number of epoxy groups from each other.

Abstract: A predecorated gypsum wallboard and the method of manufacture wherein a protective base coat is applied on the face paper by a rotogravure printing of the protective coat with minute openings very closely spaced throughout the coating, as by printing the coat in the form of reasonably uniformly sized tiny dots with about 1000 to about 100,000 dots per square inch, a decorative coat is applied over the base coat, gypsum wallboard is formed with the coated surface of the paper on the outside face, and the newly formed wallboard, when hardened, is dried by heating and removing water from the gypsum core through the still porous coated paper.

Abstract: A fire-retardant gypsum wallboard having, in the gypsum core, about 2% by weight of a feldspar-free muscovite, in combination with other minor additives including 1/2 inch long glass fibers.

Abstract: The invention concerns a gypsum construction board in which a gypsum core is faced with a two-layer laminate comprised of a nonwoven fiber felt and a glass fiber web of crossed glass fibers wherein the glass fiber web of crossed glass fibers is embedded in the gypsum core and the laminate is in the form of a laminate sheet which extends across the width of the board.

Abstract: A low density non-shrinking concrete possessed of high strength and favorable insulation properties. The concrete manufacturing process includes the steps of providing a body of cured cellular concrete, breaking the body into fragments, coating the cellular concrete fragments with a thin layer of cement which is allowed to cure, and incorporating the coated fragments in a cement matrix to form the low density concrete. The cellular concrete fragments are preferably tumbled to remove sharp corners prior to the coating operation. The tumbling and coating operations are preferably carried out on fragments that have been classified into groups of related sizes. The concrete in the ultimate mix avoids the shrinkage problems normally associated with cellular concrete, and is therefore suitable for use in cast building slabs and panels or as the core material in composite building elements.

Abstract: A gypsum board consisting essentially of a monolithic cellular core of set gypsum and a fiberous cover sheet encasement provided with improved properties by the gypsum core having incorporated therein coal fly ash in an amount of about 1-20% by weight of stucco in the gypsum slurry used in forming the board and method of producing the board are disclosed.

Abstract: Structural panel of gypsum and an envelope, partly impressed therein, of a bonded mineral and/or fiberglass fabric which has on the inside facing the gypsum larger pores than on the outside, the fabric containing at least two kinds of fibers which are cemented together by a bonding agent, where the fibers with the larger diameter are arranged on the inside and the bonding agent contains 30 to 85 percent by weight aluminum, iron and/or silicon hydroxide.

Abstract: An improved material particularly suited for the thermal insulation of building structures, such as residential housing, and a process for making the same, are disclosed. The thermally insulating composite comprises a low-density, cellular, fiber-containing, cementitious material and at least one structural surface element made of the cellular, fiber-containing, cementitious material, the structural surface element of which has a higher density than the low-density, cellular, fiber-containing, cementitious material from which it is formed therefrom and integral therewith. The thermally insulating composite is made by placing a foam of the low-density, cementitious material having entrapped gas therein, in an enclosure at least part of which is permeable to the gas and the liquid medium of the foam, and applying pressure to a surface of that enclosure to remove the gas and the liquid medium at the permeable enclosure.

Abstract: A gypsum wallboard, and the method of manufacture, wherein a defoamer is disposed at the gypsum-paper interface during manufacture, causing the foam, present in the core forming gypsum slurry, to break down at the gypsum-paper interface, increasing substantially the density of the gypsum at the interface, relative to the density throughout the center portion of the gypsum core.

Abstract: A heat absorbing body made from a mixture of water, Portland cement, cellulose fibers, and a foaming agent, with or without other ingredients such as water glass and sodium sulfate. Polypropylene fibers may be used in place of part or all of the cellulose fibers. Cellulose fibers (conveniently reclaimed or recycled cellulose fibers) are preferably used because of their ability to absorb and retain relatively large amounts of water in the composition. Various formulas are given for the mixture. The material is used as a filling for the walls of fire resistant safes and storage boxes, and also for the construction of structural panels for furniture and building construction, and for cast-in-place walls and floors and roofs of buildings.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing thin film electroluminescent devices composed of a compound of zinc and sulphur, activated by a first metal activator consisting of copper and activated by a second metal consisting of copper manganese, excitable by direct and pulsed voltage.

Abstract: A composite construction panel and process for its fabrication. The contruction panel has a lightweight cellular insulation core adapted for receiving imbedded electrical conduits and further includes a cementatious fireproofing layer. The panel is completely clad within glass fiber reinforced concrete. In addition, reinforcing steel can be incorporated into the concrete encasement. Adjacent panels are designed for bolted and/or adhesive interconnection with registration of the respective conduits thus forming a continuous internal conduit network. The method of fabrication includes a molding operation wherein a rigid foam core is formed from a flowable urethane composition, the core is bonded to the fireproofing layer and then enveloped within a cement matrix having glass fibers. Mold inserts are utilized to provide void areas such as for window and door openings, bolt connection pockets and utility box placement. The panel can be manufactured in planar and simple and compound curve shapes.

Abstract: Sound insulating units and sound barriers made therefrom include at least one flexible sheet having a surface density of at least 2.0 Kg/cm.sup.2. Such sheets are capable of being connected to form an efficient sound barrier.

Abstract: A predecorated printed paper on the gypsum wallboard with a clear washable coating over the printed paper, and having a thin coating of polyethylene emulsion on the back paper which overcomes the tendency of the coated predecorated paper to stick to the back paper of an adjacent board when the boards are piled in stacks for storage and shipment.

Abstract: An improved terrazzo floor or wall construction of reduced thickness bonded and adhesively secured to an underlying sub-surface through the medium of an intermediate liquid impermeable sheet. A frangible terrazzo veneer is bonded to the liquid impermeable sheet and the sheet in turn is adhesively secured to the underlying sub-surface by a rubberized asphalt or the like elastomeric material to permit lateral movement of the sub-surface relative to the said facing veneer to obviate cracking of the veneer due to cracking or lateral movement of the sub-surface.

Abstract: A fire-resistant door or other building panel for cold storage compartments includes a sheet-metal casing containing a core of plastic foam insulation with a layer of a hydrous sodium silicate composition between the plastic foam core and the walls of the casing. In case of fire or high temperature conditions near the panel the silicate composition expands, forming a thick, cellular heat barrier that shields the foam plastic and affords fire protection equivalent to that of an approved fire door.

Abstract: A two-phase material of foamed cement or concrete and polymer providing tmal insulating, structural elements composed of an unimpregnated foam cement or concrete core and impregnated surface regions of the two-phase material and method employing a hydraulic head or vacuum means to provide high polymer loading through a large volume of foam voids in the cement or concrete for easy impregnation of high viscosity monomers and uncured resins to a considerable depth below the surface of the cement or concrete before in situ polymerization.

Abstract: The invention relates to the manufacture of cementitious board, such as gypsum board, faced with paper or other sheets and having an improved accuracy of edge profile. A sheet to be folded at the lateral edges of the board is scored, and quick-setting adhesive, preferably a hot melt adhesive, is applied along the lines of folding. The sheet is then folded to the desired configuration and held until the adhesive has set thus establishing an accurate profile that withstands the action of the aqueous slurry of cementitious material and the application of the other sheet. The invention can be applied to various profiles, including square edge, tapered edge, rebated and tongue-and-groove.