Abstract: A magneto-optical device comprising a magnetic unit and an optical unit, an electronic device comprising the magneto-optical device, a method of energy saving using the magneto-optical device, an array comprising the magneto-optical devices, and a method of changing magnetic orientation.

Abstract: The spacer in a spin-valve is replaced with an organic layer, allowing for numerous applications, including light-emitting structures. The invention demonstrates that the spin coherence of the organic material is sufficiently long that the carriers do not lose their spin memory even in traversing a thicker passive barrier. At least three methods to fabricate the organic spin-valve devices are disclosed, in which the difficulties associated with depositing the ferromagnetic (FM) and organic layers are addressed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phase change magnetic composite material for use in an information recording medium, said material comprising a phase change material component, and a ferromagnetic material component, wherein said material exhibits both magnetic effects and phase change effects, and is usable for optical media, phase change random access memory (PCRAM) devices, magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices, solid state memory devices, sensor devices, logical devices, cognitive devices, artificial neuron network, three level device, control device, SOC (system on chip) device, and semiconductors.

Abstract: A non-volatile programmable electro-optical element alters absorption characteristics of an optical medium that comprises a doped transition metal oxide material including F-centers. The F-centers are electrostatically moved into or out of the regions containing a wavefunction of an optical beam. A specific F-center profile in the transition metal oxide material may be programmed into the optical medium. The F-center profile alters an absorption profile within the optical medium. The spectral range for transmission of electromagnetic radiation in the optical medium may be tailored by the F-centers. Once the absorption profile is set by an electrical signal, the optical element maintains its state even when the electrical signal is turned off. Thus, the programming node may be disconnected from a power supply network, thereby enabling a low power operation of the electro-optical element. The inventive electro-optical element may be employed for both the visible and the infrared wavelength spectrum.

Abstract: A magnetic disk includes a substrate, a soft magnetic underlayer disposed over the substrate, and a media layer disposed over the underlayer. The underlayer includes a first plurality of layers each containing NiFe having an atomic concentration of iron that is at least about thirty percent. The underlayer further includes a second plurality of layers that is interleaved with the first plurality of layers. The second plurality of layers each contain FeCoN having an atomic concentration of iron that is greater than an atomic concentration of cobalt, and having an atomic concentration of nitrogen that is less than the atomic concentration of cobalt. The atomic concentration of nitrogen is less than eight percent. The media layer contains a magnetically hard material having an easy axis of magnetization oriented substantially perpendicular to both the media layer and the underlayer.

Abstract: The magnetic recording medium includes: recording elements formed as the convex portions of the recording layer formed in the predetermined concavo-convex pattern over a substrate; and a filling elements with which a concave portions between the recording elements are filled. A surface concave portion is formed in a surface of the magnetic recording medium above the recording element. The surface concave portion has a cross-sectional shape of which a portion corresponding to a center of the recording element lying thereunder in a width direction thereof is recessed deepest toward the substrate, and has a width monotonically increasing with increase of a distance from the substrate.