Electric Superconducting Patents (Class 428/930)
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Patent number: 4962086Abstract: High T.sub.c oxide superconductive films can be formed on gallate layers, where the gallate layers include a rare earth element or a rare earth-like element. Combinations of rare earth elements and rare earth-like elements can also be utilized. The superconductive films can be epitaxially deposited on these gallate layers to form single crystals or, in the minimum, highly oriented superconductive layers. Any high T.sub.c superconductive oxide material can be utilized, but the best lattice matches are to superconductive materials including copper oxides. Examples include Y-Ba-Cu-O systems, Bi-based systems and Tl-based systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1988Date of Patent: October 9, 1990Assignee: International Business Machines CorporationInventors: William J. Gallagher, Edward A. Giess, Aranava Gupta, Robert B. Laibowitz, Eugene J. O'Sullivan, Robert L. Sandstrom
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Patent number: 4960751Abstract: An electric circuit is provided on a semiconductor substrate with a superconducting film. The surfaces being in contact with the superconducting film are made of heat-resistant non-oxide insulating materials so that the performance of the superconducting film is not degraded.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 1988Date of Patent: October 2, 1990Assignee: Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd.Inventor: Shumpei Yamazaki
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Patent number: 4959346Abstract: A composite is produced comprised of Y--Ba--Cu--O superconductive film having a zero resistance transition temperature of at least about 38 K, a zirconium dioxide film and a substrate wherein the zirconium dioxide film is intermediate the superconductive film and the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1989Date of Patent: September 25, 1990Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Antonio Mogro-Campero, Larry G. Turner
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Patent number: 4959279Abstract: A superconducting wire containing a multifilamentary superconducting alloy, comprising at least one composite containing a first matrix in which a plurality of superconducting alloy filaments have been arranged and a second matrix in which at least one composite is embedded; wherein said first matrix consists essentially of a metal or an alloy which does not form any intermetallic compound with the superconducting alloy filament. As the superconducting alloy filament, a Nb-Ti alloy filament may preferably be selected; the first matrix may preferably consist of one selected from the group of Nb, Ta and a Nb-Ta alloy; and the second matrix may preferably consist of Cu, A Cu-Ni alloy, Al, or an Al alloy.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1989Date of Patent: September 25, 1990Assignee: The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yasuzo Tanaka, Kaname Matsumoto, Yukio Yamada
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Patent number: 4956335Abstract: A patterned crystalline superconducting layer is formed by first providing a copper oxide lift-off layer under an amorphous metal oxide superconducing precursor layer and then photolithographically forming a pattern in the layers. The patterned layers are then heat treated to form the final crystalline superconducting layer.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1988Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: John A. Agostinelli, Gerrit Lubberts
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Patent number: 4954481Abstract: Superconductor-polymer composite materials comprise a matrix formed of a rmoplastic polymer and a superconductor powder dispersed in the matrix. The superconductor powder preferably has a composition RBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-x wherein R is a rare earth metal and x is less than or equal to 1. The thermoplastic polymer matrix comprises a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer or copolymer. The composite materials may be formed as shaped products, sheets or films.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1988Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Aime S. DeReggi, Chwan-Kang Chiang, George T. Davis
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Patent number: 4954480Abstract: A multi-layer superconducting circuit substrate, including insulating layers, and interconnection patterns of a superconductive ceramic material located between the insulating layers, the patterns of the superconductive ceramic material being connected via through-holes of the superconductive ceramic material, is provided. The patterns of the superconductive ceramic material are preferably encapsulated with a metal of gold, silver, platinum or an alloy thereof.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 1988Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Fujitsu LimitedInventors: Yoshihiko Imanaka, Takato Machi, Kazunori Yamanaka, Hiromitsu Yokoyama, Nobuo Kamehara, Koichi Niwa
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Patent number: 4948779Abstract: Superconductive thin layer of YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-.delta. in which reactions with the substrate are prevented in that at least the surface of the substrate consists of a compound having such a composition that in the Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 -BaO-CuO phase diagram it is situated on a segregation line with YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-.delta. as shown in FIG. 1.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 1988Date of Patent: August 14, 1990Assignee: U.S. Philips CorporationInventors: Wilhelmus C. Keur, Cornelis A. H. A. Mutsaers, Henricus A. M. Van Hal
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Patent number: 4942142Abstract: An outer surface of a superconducting thin film of compound oxide such as YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7-.delta. deposited on a substrate such as MgO and SrTiO.sub.3 is protected with a protective layer which is composed of polymer compound such as polyimide, silicon resin or epoxy resin.Type: GrantFiled: July 27, 1988Date of Patent: July 17, 1990Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd.Inventors: Hideo Itozaki, Saburo Tanaka, Nobuhiko Fujita, Shuji Yazu, Tetsuji Jodai
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Patent number: 4940693Abstract: The use of a highly stable, lattice-matched barrier layer grown epitaxially on a suitable substrate, and permitting the subsequent epitaxial growth of a thin high-temperature superconducting film with optimized properties.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1988Date of Patent: July 10, 1990Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventors: Joel R. Shappirio, Thomas R. Aucoin, John J. Finnegan
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Patent number: 4939308Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in a method of forming deposits of superconducting ceramics. Generally, such ceramics are formed by electrodepositing a mixture of metals of the type and in proportions sufficient to be oxidized into ceramic; oxidizing the electrodeposited mixture under conditions sufficient to result in a superconducting ceramic deposit; and orienting the crystallites in said superconducting ceramic deposit. Crystallite orientation may take place before, after or during the oxidation step.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1988Date of Patent: July 3, 1990Assignee: Allied-Signal Inc.Inventors: MacRae Maxfield, Ray H. Baughman, Zafar Igbal, Helmut Eckhardt
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Patent number: 4929595Abstract: An improved fabrication of superconducting films is disclosed whereby a multi-phase Y-Ba-Cu-O compound is utilized. The film is formed by sputtering of a target material consisting of the superconducting 123 phase Y.sub.1 Ba.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.7 onto the green 211 phase Y.sub.2 BaCuO.sub.5. After annealing, the superconducting characteristics, of the formed film, in terms of transition width and T.sub.c, are improved over those using other oxide compounds as substrates.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1988Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: The University of Alabama at HuntsvilleInventor: Maw-Kuen Wu
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Patent number: 4929597Abstract: A superconductor according to the present invention contains an internal stress absorbing substance of a copper oxide and/or a barium oxide distributed over the superconductive oxide, so that the superconductor is free from cracks due to thermal stresses produced in a heat treatment.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1989Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: Mitsubishi Metal CorporationInventors: Takuo Takeshita, Tadashi Sugihara, Shuichi Fujino
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Patent number: 4921833Abstract: A superconducting member comprising a first film including least a single ceramic layer formed on the surface of a substrate of an arbitrary base material. A film of an oxide superconductor is formed on the first film. In a useful embodiment, the substrate is stainless steel, and the first ceramic layer by zirconium oxide. This superconducting member can be formed as a superconducting tape, a superconducting wire or the like.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1988Date of Patent: May 1, 1990Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventor: Satoshi Takano
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Patent number: 4920011Abstract: A magnetic field shield including a superconductive film characterized in that the magnetic field shield comprises a superconductive film layer constituted primarily of a mixed crystalline body of niobium nitride and titanium nitride laminated on a metal substrate, that the magnetic field further comprises a nobium-titanium alloy layer or a metal film layer in the above lamination, that the magnetic field comprises a plurality of the above-mentioned layers, and that the magnetic field has a plurality of small holes passing through the layers in the direction of the thickness. The magnetic field shield of the present invention produces an excellent magnetic field shielding effect due to a superconductive characteristic peculiar to the superconductive film layer constituted primarily by a mixed crystalline body of niobium nitride and titanium nitride. The cooling effect of the metal substrate maintains the magnetic field shielding effect at a high level.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 1988Date of Patent: April 24, 1990Assignees: Osaka Prefecture, Koatsu Gas Kogyo Co. Ltd.Inventors: Souichi Ogawa, Takao Sugioka, Masaru Inoue
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Patent number: 4917965Abstract: A long, linear composite article which is characterized in that a large number of composite filaments are present as spaced from one another in a continuous layer composed of copper, a copper alloy, niobium, tantalum or vanadium, each of said composite filaments having a structure that at least one strand of a linear body is surrounded by an aluminum alloy or niobium, said linear body being composed substantially of extremely fine, filamentary superconducting Nb.sub.3 Al compound having an average diameter of from about 0.03 .mu.m to about 1 .mu.m. The said composite article can be prepared by drawing a composite material composed of (a) an aluminum alloy and (b) niobium, together with copper or a copper alloy once or plural times repeatedly, until the average diameter of the aluminum alloy of (a) becomes about 1 .mu.m or less, and heat-treating the resultant linear composite material.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1989Date of Patent: April 17, 1990Assignee: National Research Institute for MetalsInventors: Kiyoshi Inoue, Takao Takeuchi, Yasuo Iijima, Michio Kosuge
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Patent number: 4908346Abstract: Thick film circuit elements are disclosed comprised of an insulative substrate selected from the group consisting of strontium titanate, magnesia, alumina, and aluminum nitride, and providing a conductive path between at least two locations on the substrate, a crystalline rare earth alkaline earth copper oxide layer exhibiting a superconducting onset transition temperature in excess of 77.degree. C. comprised on an R.sub.1 A.sub.2 C.sub.3 crystalline phase.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1987Date of Patent: March 13, 1990Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Lauri A. Strom, Edward Carnall, Jr., Steven A. Ferranti, Jose M. Mir
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Patent number: 4863521Abstract: An aqueous solution of the monocarboxylates of Y, Ba, and Cu is spray dried, providing a contaminant-free non-hygroscopic product which is homogeneous at the atomic level. In a preferred embodiment Y, Ba, and Cu acetates are used in a molecular ratio of 1:2:3, giving a product which can be calcined to give a superconducting mixed oxide, YBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x, where x is 6.8-7.0.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1988Date of Patent: September 5, 1989Assignee: W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn.Inventor: Jacob Block
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Patent number: 4849288Abstract: A superconducting fiber of a superconducting fiber bundle includes a carrier fiber having an outer surface, and superconducting layers and separating layers alternatingly surrounding the outer surface of the carrier fiber and a method for producing the same.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1986Date of Patent: July 18, 1989Assignees: Brown, Boveri & Cie. AG, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbHInventors: Franz Schmaderer, Georg F. Wahl, Cord-Heinrich Dustmann, Erich Fitzer, Karl Brennfleck, Manfred Dietrich
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Patent number: 4828931Abstract: A superconductor for magnetic field shielding comprising a substrate, at least one superconductor film layer, which is laminated on the substrate, and a plurality of small holes 2 which pass through the substrate and the superconductor film layer, wherein the thickness of the superconductor film layer is 100 .mu.m or less.The superconductor of the present invention uses both superconductive shielding and electromagnetic shielding to deliver extremely high magnetic shielding performance.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1988Date of Patent: May 9, 1989Assignees: Osaka Prefecture, Koatsu Gas Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Souichi Ogawa, Takao Sugioka, Masaru Inoue
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Patent number: 4826808Abstract: A method of preparing a superconducting oxide by combining the metallic elements of the oxide to form an alloy, followed by oxidation of the alloy to form the oxide. Superconducting oxide-metal composites are prepared in which a noble metal phase intimately mixed with the oxide phase results in improved mechanical properties. The superconducting oxides and oxide-metal composites are provided in a variety of useful forms.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1987Date of Patent: May 2, 1989Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Gregory J. Yurek, John B. VanderSande
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Patent number: 4803452Abstract: A magnetic field shield which is characterized in that it includes at least one composite lamination including a thin film of the superconductor and a metal layer laminated with the thin film of the superconductor having a thickness not more than that obtained at the turning point where the magnetic field shielding effect of a single film of the superconductor changes from an abrupt increase to a gradual increase and the film thickness is less than 2 .mu.m.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1987Date of Patent: February 7, 1989Assignees: Yoshiro Saji, Koatsu Gas Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshiro Saji, Eichi Tada, Hiroaki Toda, Yoshiaki Kawahara
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Patent number: 4797646Abstract: A superconductor for magnetic field shielding which is characterized in that it includes at least one composite lamination including a thin film of the superconductor and a metal layer laminated with the thin film of the superconductor having a thickness not more than that obtained at the turning point where the magnetic field shielding effect of a single film of the superconductor changes from an abrupt increase to a gradual increase as the thickness of the superconductor film increases. This superconductor for magnetic field shielding has an extremely great magnetic field shielding effect even though the superconductor is in thin layers.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1987Date of Patent: January 10, 1989Assignees: Yoshiro Saji, Koatsu Gas Kogyo Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yoshiro Saji, Eiichi Tada
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Patent number: 4791241Abstract: A stabilized superconducting wire comprises a multicore section having a number of filaments of superconducting compound material disposed in an alloy matrix, a stabilizing material section positioned around the multicore section, and a diffusion barrier layer disposed between the stabilizing material section and the multicore section and formed of an Fe-Cr alloy containing not less than 5 weight percent but not more than 25 weight percent Cr.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1987Date of Patent: December 13, 1988Assignees: Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Sumitomo Elec. Inc. Ltd.Inventors: Toshinari Ando, Masataka Nishi, Yoshikazu Takahashi, Susumu Shimamoto
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Patent number: 4778720Abstract: Novel ultrathin unit layers and built-up multilayers are obtained when a spreadable polyfunctional aldehyde or its precursor, particularly the alkyl Schiff base formed by its condensation with an alkyl amine, is spread on the surface of an aqueous subphase containing a diamine. The resulting polymeric imine unit layers were transferred and built up on substrates which included quartz, aluminum and chrome-plated glass, and semiconductors.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1987Date of Patent: October 18, 1988Assignee: Research Dev. Corp. of JapanInventor: Alan K. Engel
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Patent number: 4746581Abstract: A multifilamentary, copper or copper alloy clad superconductive wire, comprising a superconductive, intermetallic compound Nb.sub.3 Sn or V.sub.3 Ga, having an A-15 crystal structure, and at least one additive metal from the group consisting of rare earth elements of atomic number 57 to 71, Th, U, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, Fe, Co, Ni, Pd, Cu, Ag, Al, and Pt. The additive is present in the wire within the A-15 phase in the form of uniformly and finely distributed, at least partially undissolved axially parallel inclusions at grain boundaries of the crystals and/or at an interface between the A-15 phase and the copper or copper alloy, or at an interface between the A-15 phase and a separate phase.Type: GrantFiled: September 5, 1986Date of Patent: May 24, 1988Assignee: Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbHInventor: Rene Flukiger
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Patent number: 4704169Abstract: A composite rapidly quenched alloy material comprises a matrix composed of a rapidly quenched alloy, such as an amorphous or crystalline alloy, or a mixture thereof, and particles of at least one second-phase substance dispersed in the matrix uniformly and three-dimensionally.Type: GrantFiled: September 8, 1983Date of Patent: November 3, 1987Inventors: Hiroshi Kimura, Tsuyoshi Masumoto
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Patent number: 4608296Abstract: Superconducting films and devices are provided which exhibit an AC to DC conversion effect of an RF AC input signal. The films can be microscopically inhomogeneous with granular or columnar microstructures in layered or nonlayered structures, which provide the conversion effect with and without an applied magnetic field. The films also can be multilayer films which provide the conversion effect with a magnetic field applied to the films. The multilayer films are substantially compositionally homogeneous within the layers and the microscopically inhomogeneous films are substantially compositionally homogeneous throughout, but include structural inhomogeneities.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1983Date of Patent: August 26, 1986Assignee: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.Inventors: John E. Keem, Stanford R. Ovshinsky, Hossein Sadate-Akhavi, Juei-Teng Chen, Alan M. Kadin
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Patent number: 4581289Abstract: Superconducting fiber bundle which contains a multiplicity of carrier fibers such as, for instance, carbon fibers, boron fibers, steel fibers coated with a superconducting layer of a niobium compound of the general formula NbC.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 1983Date of Patent: April 8, 1986Assignees: Brown, Boveri & Cie AG, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbHInventors: Manfred Dietrich, Cord-Heinrich Dustmann, Franz Schmaderer, Georg F. H. Wahl
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Patent number: 4564564Abstract: A superconducting tape or wire with an improved critical field is formed of alternating layers of a niobium-containing superconductor such as Nb, NbTi, Nb.sub.3 Sn or Nb.sub.3 Ge with a thickness in the range of about 0.5-1.5 times its coherence length, supported and separated by layers of copper with each copper layer having a thickness in the range of about 170-600 .ANG..Type: GrantFiled: August 16, 1983Date of Patent: January 14, 1986Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Ivan K. Schuller, John B. Ketterson, Indrajit Banerjee
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Patent number: 4543449Abstract: A superconducting wire comprises a core region of a superconducting material, an outermost region of a normal-conducting material for stabilizing the superconducting material, and at least one intermediate region disposed between the core region and the outermost region. The intermediate region includes layers of the paramagnetic salt for increasing the heat capacity of the wire and layers of a normal-conducting material which are arranged alternatingly in the longitudinal or circumferential direction of the wire.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1983Date of Patent: September 24, 1985Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventor: Kunishige Kuroda
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Patent number: 4490439Abstract: In a multifilamentary superconductor, plural filaments are separated from one another by a ductile nonsuperconducting copper matrix. The niobium titanium filaments are arrayed through the copper, with one filament being substantially larger than the others, and preferably, centrally located in the wire. Preferably also, the other filaments are arrayed in an annular configuration about the periphery of the wire.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1984Date of Patent: December 25, 1984Assignee: Magnetic Corporation of AmericaInventors: Zdenek J. J. Stekly, Bruce P. Strauss
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Patent number: 4485152Abstract: A superconducting type II composite palladium alloy hydride material having a region containing a contiguous surface comprising a palladium alloy-palladium region wherein at least a portion of the alloy region contains hydrogen and at least a portion of the palladium region contains hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 1982Date of Patent: November 27, 1984Assignee: Research Foundation, State University of New YorkInventors: Clarke G. Homan, Wilfried W. Scholz, William J. Standish, Andreas Leiberich
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Patent number: 4435228Abstract: A process for producing a Nb.sub.3 Sn superconducting wire, which comprises preparing a composite from a copper alloy material containing 0.1 to 5 atomic percent in total of at least one element of Group IV of the periodic table selected from titanium, zirconium and hafnium, a tin material and a niobium material, processing the composite into a wire, tape or tube, and heat-treating the processed composite at a temperature of 400.degree. to 900.degree. C. to form a Nb.sub.3 Sn compound.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 1983Date of Patent: March 6, 1984Assignee: National Research Institute for MetalsInventors: Kyoji Tachikawa, Yuji Yoshida
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Patent number: 4431862Abstract: An improved multiwire conductor of the type which is mechanically stabilized by a solder filler. A solder filled conductor is heated to a temperature sufficient to make the solder brittle, but below the melting point of the solder. While still hot, the conductor is flexed, causing the solder to separate from the wires comprising the conductor, thereby increasing the interwire resistance. In one embodiment the conductor may be heated to a temperature above the eutectic temperature of the solder so that a controlled amount of solder is removed. The subject invention is particularly suited for use with braided, ribbon-type, solder filled superconductors.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 1982Date of Patent: February 14, 1984Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Thomas Luhman, Carl Klamut
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Patent number: 4411959Abstract: A submicron-particle ductile superconductor and method of fabricating the same wherein the submicron particles (e.g., 300 Angstroms) of a superconductor (e.g., NbC) are encapsulated in a metal tube (e.g., copper) and then fabricated down to fine wire in the absence of sintering of reaction annealing. Because of the fluid-like properties of the unsintered submicron-particle powdered core, the composite fabricated wire retains ductility and resistance to fracture while exhibiting superconducting properties approaching those of the bulk material in the core. Multifilamentary composites are obtained by bundling and fabricating the bundle down in a required number of steps.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 1981Date of Patent: October 25, 1983Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corp.Inventors: Aleksander I. Braginski, Alan T. Male
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Patent number: 4409297Abstract: A composite superconductor that comprises a first alloy selected from the class consisting of Nb-Sn-X, V-Ga-X, and V-Si-X wherein X is selected from the class consisting of yttrium, tellurium, lanthanum, cerium, gadolinium, erbium, and mixtures thereof and is in an amount up to 300% of the solubility limit of X in the alloy; a second alloy selected from the class consisting of Cu-Ga, Cu-Ga-Al, Cu-Su, and Cu-Si; and a continuous layer of an intermetallic A-15 compound between the alloys, the layer being formed by a solid state reaction between the alloys.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1981Date of Patent: October 11, 1983Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventor: David G. Howe
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Patent number: 4370379Abstract: A transfer film comprising a transparent plastic film substrate, an undercoating layer composed of an electrically conductive resin and having a surface resistance of 1.0.times.10.sup.6 to 9.0.times.10.sup.9 .OMEGA., and a toner receiving layer composed of a binder resin and having a surface resistance of 1.0.times.10.sup.10 to 1.0.times.10.sup.14 .OMEGA., which is formed on at least one surface of the transparent plastic film substrate through the undercoating layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1981Date of Patent: January 25, 1983Assignee: Mita Industrial Company LimitedInventors: Mamoru Kato, Shoji Matsumoto, Tatsuo Aizawa
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Patent number: 4343867Abstract: A superconducting wire comprising a superconducting filament and a beryllium strengthened bronze matrix in which the addition of beryllium to the matrix permits a low volume matrix to exhibit reduced elastic deformation after heat treating which increases the compression of the superconducting filament on cooling and thereby improves the strain characteristics of the wire.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1981Date of Patent: August 10, 1982Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Thomas Luhman, Carl J. Klamut, Masaki Suenaga, David Welch
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Patent number: 4339508Abstract: A method for manufacturing a thin and flexible ribbon of superconductor material such as V.sub.3 Sn, V.sub.3 Ge, V.sub.3 Si, Nb.sub.3 Sn, Nb.sub.3 Ge, Nb.sub.3 Si and La-Au having a fine and compact microscopic structure comprises heating raw superconductor material at a temperature within the range between its melting point and 300.degree. C. above the melting point to form a melt having suitable wettability and viscosity; ejecting the melt through a nozzle under a pressure within the range from 0.01 to 1.5 atm. against a cooling surface of a moving substrate such as a rotating drum; and cooling instantaneously and very rapidly a jet flow of the melt on the cooling surface at a cooling rate of 1,000.degree. C. to 1,000,000.degree. C./sec. In order to manufacture the thin elongated ribbon of excellent configuration it is preferable to effect the cooling in a reduced atmosphere. The invention also provides the thin and flexible ribbon processed by the above mentioned process.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1980Date of Patent: July 13, 1982Assignee: Shiro MaedaInventors: Noboru Tsuya, Kenichi Arai
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Patent number: 4330347Abstract: This invention relates to a resistive or semiconducting coating for use on current conductors in cryogenic applications. This includes copper-clad superconductor wire, copper wire used for stabilizing superconductor magnets, and for hyperconductors. The coating is a film of cuprous sulfide (Cu.sub.2 S) that has been found not to degrade the properties of the conductors. It is very adherent to the respective conductors and satisfies the mechanical, thermal and electrical requirements of coatings for the conductors.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 1980Date of Patent: May 18, 1982Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Chikara Hirayama, George R. Wagner
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Patent number: 4324842Abstract: A superconducting wire comprising a superconducting filament and a beryllium strengthened bronze matrix in which the addition of beryllium to the matrix permits a low volume matrix to exhibit reduced elastic deformation after heat treating which increases the compression of the superconducting filament on cooling and thereby improve the strain characteristics of the wire.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 1979Date of Patent: April 13, 1982Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Thomas Luhman, Carl J. Klamut, Masaki Suenaga, David Welch
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Patent number: 4323402Abstract: In a method of producing a superconducting Nb.sub.3 Sn wire which comprises passing a wire or tape of a niobium-base alloy through a molten metal bath containing tin and then heat-treating it to form a Nb.sub.3 Sn compound layer on the surface of said wire or tape, the improvement wherein said niobium-base alloy is an alloy comprising niobium and 0.1 to 30 atomic percent of hafnium, and said molten metal bath is a molten bath of pure tin or a tin-base alloy consisting of tin, from 0.1 to 70 atomic percent of one element of Group IIIb of the periodic table selected from the group consisting of gallium, indium, and aluminum, and from 0.1 to 70 atomic percent of one element of Group Ib of the periodic table selected from the group consisting of copper and silver, the total amount of the element of Group IIIb and the element of Group Ib not exceeding 70 atomic percent.Type: GrantFiled: March 31, 1981Date of Patent: April 6, 1982Assignee: National Research Institute for MetalsInventors: Kyoji Tachikawa, Hisashi Sekine
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Patent number: 4205119Abstract: A multifilamentary stabilized superconductor of the A-15 type is disclosed wherein the A-15 compound is formed on rods of niobium or vanadium by diffusion of tin or gallium, respectively, from a copper alloy matrix and wherein stabilization is provided by an external layer of copper. The stabilizing copper is protected from tin or gallium diffusion by a number of spirally wrapped layers of tantalum separated from one another by copper layers.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1978Date of Patent: May 27, 1980Assignee: Airco, Inc.Inventors: Morris S. Young, David C. Larbalestier
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Patent number: 4202931Abstract: Bulk coatings of Nb.sub.3 Ge with high superconducting transition temperatures bonded to metallic substrates and a chemical vapor deposition method for producing such coatings on metallic substrates are disclosed. In accordance with the method, a Nb.sub.3 Ge coating having a transition temperature in excess of 21.5 K may be tightly bonded to a copper substrate.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1974Date of Patent: May 13, 1980Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Lawrence R. Newkirk, Flavio A. Valencia
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Patent number: 4190701Abstract: A composite superconductor which comprises:(1) A matrix sheath of a copper-base alloy containing from about 12 to ab 20 at. % of gallium and from about 0.2 to about 6 at. % of aluminum;(2) a core in said matrix sheath, said core being of a vanadium-base alloy containing from about 1.0 to about 9.5 at. % of gallium and from about 0.1 to about 2.5 at. % of titanium; and(3) a continuous interfacial layer of V.sub.3 Ga between said matrix sheath and said core.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1979Date of Patent: February 26, 1980Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the NavyInventors: David G. Howe, Donald U. Gubser
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Patent number: 4154901Abstract: A superconductive film of Nb.sub.3 Ge is produced by providing within a vacuum chamber a heated substrate and sources of niobium and germanium, reducing the pressure within the chamber to a residual pressure no greater than about 10.sup.-5 mm Hg, introducing air into the resulting evacuated chamber in controlled amounts and vaporizing the niobium and germanium to deposit a film of Nb.sub.3 Ge on the heated substrate.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1978Date of Patent: May 15, 1979Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Raymond A. Sigsbee
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Patent number: 4151330Abstract: A superconductive film of Nb.sub.3 Ge is produced by providing within a vacuum chamber a heated substrate and sources of niobium and germanium, reducing the pressure within the chamber to a residual pressure no greater than about 10.sup.-5 mm Hg, introducing nitrogen into the resulting evacuated chamber in controlled amounts and vaporizing the niobium and germanium to deposit a film of Nb.sub.3 Ge on the heated substrate.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1978Date of Patent: April 24, 1979Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Raymond A. Sigsbee
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Patent number: 4151329Abstract: A superconductive film of Nb.sub.3 Ge is produced by providing within a vacuum chamber a heated substrate and sources of niobium and germanium, reducing the pressure within the chamber to a residual pressure no greater than about 10.sup.-5 mm Hg, introducing oxygen into the resulting evacuated chamber in controlled amounts and vaporizing the niobium and germanium to deposit a film of Nb.sub.3 Ge on the heated substrate.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1978Date of Patent: April 24, 1979Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Raymond A. Sigsbee
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Patent number: H39Abstract: A multi-layer superconducting shield for shielding superconducting electronic devices from stray magnetic fields. In one embodiment the shield of the present invention comprises alternating concentric layers of a transition metal having a high transition temperature and a metal alloy formed from copper and a non-transition metal, said transition metal and metal alloy forming an interface, and a layer of A.sub.3 B-compound structure metal at the interface of said transition metal and metal alloy. The A.sub.3 B-compound structure metal is a high transition temperature superconductor.In a second embodiment the superconducting shield comprises a thin film of a high transition temperature superconducting nitride compound deposited on a cylindrical substrate. The nitride is deposited by reactive rf sputtering.Type: GrantFiled: August 5, 1985Date of Patent: March 4, 1986Assignee: The Government of the United StatesInventors: Donald U. Gubser, Stuart A. Wolf