Abstract: A sealed lead-acid storage battery is formed with a casing (1) made of a thermoplastic resin receives a group of electrodes (6) consisting of a positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (3), and a separator (4). A peripheral rim of a metal plate (7) laminated with a thermoplastic resin film or sheet on one surface thereof and serving as a battery casing and a terminal is thermally bonded to the body (1). A polyolefin resin on the surface of an epoxy resin covering protruding portions (5a) of positive and negative electrodes is thermally bonded to both the casing and the resin on one surface of the metal plate so as to hermetically seal the protruding portion (5a).With this structure it is possible to provide a miniaturized and low-cost sealed lead-acid storage battery having a high volumetric efficiency.

Abstract: A dry cell which is so arranged that, with a bottom plate being disposed at the lower portion of a raw cell sealed at its opening by a sealing member, an insulative seal packing is applied onto the peripheral portion of the bottom plate, while the raw cell and the peripheral portion of the bottom plate are surrounded by a metal jacket welded by laser at its butted opposite ends. At the peripheral portion of the bottom plate, a gas discharge mechanism is formed which is arranged to be normally closed by the seal packing, and to be released from the closing by the seal packing due to deformation of the bottom plate upon increase of internal pressure of the dry cell for discharging the gas within the dry cell outside, and thus, a safe dry cell free from a danger of rupture maybe provided.

Abstract: A non-resealable vent closure for a galvanic cell, such as a nonaqueous cell, which comprises a seal member force-fitted with a bushing having an upper portion terminating with a thinner walled lower portion and wherein said seal member is force-fitted within the lower portion of the bushing and the bushing is seated within and seals the vent orifice in the housing of the cell.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells employ a current collector-safety switch member comprised of a shape memory alloy in the electric circuit in the cell. The collector-safety switch member has a base portion and a plurality of legs extended therefrom and when the internal temperature of the cell rises, the legs of the collector-safety switch member are retracted to thereby disconnect the electrical circuit in the cell. These cells can also be comprised of a resettable thermal switch for inhibiting the flow of current in the cell at a temperature below the disconnect temperature of the current collector-safety switch member.

Abstract: Disclosed is a resealable vent, reinforced cover assembly for sealing a rechargeable electrochemical cell. Also disclosed herein, is a method of fabricating a reinforced cover assembly for a rechargeable electrochemical cell, a method of employing said cover assembly to seal a rechargeable electrochemical cell, and a vent, rechargeable electrochemical having a hydrogen storage alloy electrode and a resealably vented, reinforced cover assembly.

Abstract: A rechargeable storage battery includes a container, a gas venting and circuit-breaker device and a concentric electrode assembly comprised of plural negative electrode plates, positive electrode plates and separators each disposed between every two adjacent, opposite plates, wherein the gas venting and circuit-breaker device may absorb the entrained electrolyte and may disconnect a positive terminal of the cell as biased by the excessive gas pressure during overcharged operation for safety purpose; and the concentric electrode plates may overcome the breaking or deformation drawbacks since the plates are concentrically wrapped up in one-fold, instead of a conventional spiral-winding electrode configuration which is continuously rolled up by many turns.

Abstract: A relief/check valve for venting an electric storage battery comprising essentially an annular sealing member having an elastomeric skirt engaging the sloping exterior surface of a valve seat. The skirt flares outwardly from the seat in direct proportion to the pressure in the battery such as to prevent excessive build up of pressure in the battery when the gassing rate is high. The skirt quickly returns to a sealing condition when the pressure within the battery drops below the opening pressure of the valve.

Abstract: A "sealed" electric storage battery having a check/relief valve for controlling the venting and resealing pressures for the battery wherein the valve has at least two separate sealing members each capable of adjustment independently of the other for better control of both the venting and resealing pressure.

Abstract: A sealed lead storage battery including at least one negative electrode plate capable of absorbing oxygen gas generated from a positive electrode plate during recharging thereof, which battery comprises a battery casing having a breathing hole defined therein in communication with the interior of the battery casing, and a safety valve including a flat rubber plate of synthetic material overlaying the breathing hole in contact with the battery casing and an elastic pad made of open-celled elastic material placed over the flat rubber plate so as to urge the flat rubber plate against the battery casing.

Abstract: A battery seal is disclosed which non-destructively vents gases in response to abnormal pressure buildup, and substantially prevents moisture loss from or oxygen ingress into a battery cell. An airtight, preferably non-conductive plug is pressed downward onto a receiving member such as the top of a battery's container of active ingredients by a crimped battery jacket comprised of material of sufficiently elastic characteristics to regain its original configuration after deformation under temporary pressure.

Abstract: The present invention provides an enclosed lead storage battery comprising a plate assembly consisting of a positive plate, negative plates and a separator, an electrolyte held in position by the plate assembly, and a jacket made of film- or sheet-formed synthetic resin and surrounding the plate assembly and electrolyte. The jacket is of a multilayer laminate structure made by disposing a polyolefin film on the inside contacting the plate assembly and laminating a film of thermoplastic synthetic resin in two or more layers on the outside thereof. According to the present invention, the plate assembly can be encased with an unexpensive jacket of a simple construction, and the joint of the jacket to the pole posts of the plate assembly is strengthened to offer a leak-proof enclosed lead storage battery.

Abstract: The present invention is a sealed storage battery wherein a plurality of flattened unitary cells formed by sealing a polar plate group in an outer bag made of a sheet or a film of synthetic resin are stacked in a direction thicknesswise thereof and accommodated in a pressurized manner in a casing.By so constructing, the unitary cells can be uniformly applied with pressure with the increased capacity for efficiency for a battery, any possible deviation in the lifetime of the cells can be eliminated, and a highly reliable battery of flat type easy to fabricate, and suitable for use as an electric power source for portable electric appliances can be obtained.

Abstract: An improved stopper structure for a storage battery container according to the present invention is basically defined as a unit including a plurality of hollow stopper supports which comprise threaded support, a spongy rubber, and a rubber pad within each hollow stopper support. Each stopper support has a cylindrical shape with a hollow center to accomodate the abovementioned elements, respectively. The gas that evolves during battery operation is blocked by a stopper, additionally, the water vapor has no way to escape, therefore, the amount of battery fluid loss is reduced. At a time that the evolved gas within the hollow stopper support possesses enough pressure, the rubber pad will be forced to curve upwardly. As a result, the gas may be evolved along a slot provided across the bottom surface of a trough carrying the stopper supports.

Abstract: An improved explosion proof battery wherein the improvement comprises the separation of the gas flows in and out of each chamber from each other and the provision of check valves to each independent gas path to prevent the propagation of gas ignition from one cell to its neighbors when that ignition arises from within the battery. The battery and all of its elements are fabricated as a single substantially unitary structure.

Abstract: A sealed, low maintenance battery (10, 100) is formed of a casing (14, 102) having a sealed lid (12, 104) enclosing cell compartments (22, 110) formed by walls (24, 132). The cells comprise a stack (26) of horizontally disposed negative active plates (30) and positive active plates (28) interspersed with porous, resilient separator sheets (30). Each plate has a set of evenly spaced tigs (40, 41) disposed on one side thereof; like polarity tigs being disposed on one side and opposite polarity tigs on the other. Columns of tigs are electrically and mechanically joined by vertical bus bars (46). The bus bars contain outwardly projecting arms (56) of opposite polarity which are electrically joined at each partition wall (24) to electrically connect the cells in series. The stack is compressed by biasing means such as resilient pad (58) attached to the lid or by joining the tigs (52) to the post (48) at a distance less than the thickness of the mat (124).

Abstract: A sealed gas recombining lead acid battery comprises a sealed lid, terminal pillars each located in a trough having a cylindrical side wall formed integrally with the lid and surrounding a terminal projecting through the lid, an annular sealing member located within the trough and surrounding the pillar, annular compression means surrounding the pillar and screw threadedly engaging a mating thread formed in said cylindrical wall of the trough, the compression means axially compressing the sealing member within the trough to press the sealing member radially against the pillar and the side wall of the trough, to effect a seal.

Abstract: A sealed lead-acid secondary cell of the type that absorbs oxygen by the negative electrode, is characterized in that a porous member impregnated with a liquid substance is disposed within or outside of a safety valve, or in contact with the bottom of said safety valve.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve is provided for venting gas from the interior of an electrochemical cell when the pressure of the gas within the cell is excessive. The valve effects sealing or the interior of the cell from the atmosphere when the pressure in the cell is not excessive. Within the relief valve first and second seals are disposed in series in a fluid path and serve not only to enhance the sealing function but also cooperate with resilient means to avoid substantial variations in valve opening pressure if the resilient means are misaligned during assembly of the valve.

Abstract: A galvanic cell having a closure member which contains a resealable vent comprising the inwardly turned peripheral edge portion of the cell container and a closure member having a resilient peripheral lip and a resilient annular flange, the low profile construction of which allows for increased amounts of reactive material to be placed within the cell container.

Abstract: A low maintenance battery comprises a sealed casing (102) having a cavity (204) receiving a stack (108) of monopolar and bipolar plates (110, 112) interspersed with mats (122) of fiberglass felt immobilizing electrolyte and forming a gas path for diffusion of oxygen to the negative electrode (112). The casing contains a single, resealable vent (202). During charging, oxygen generated at the positive plate (110) diffuses through the mat (122) and decomposes at the negative plate (112). The negative plate (112) has a larger capacity than the positive plate (110) to prevent evolution of hydrogen. Voltage potential is increased or decreased by placing one or more bipolar plates (120) in series relation between alternating positive and negative monopolar plates that are connected in parallel to respective positive and negative battery terminals (104, 106). The monoplates (110, 112) are connected in parallel to respective positive and negative battery terminals (104, 106) by way of bus plates (114, 116, 130, 132).

Abstract: A non-resealable vent closure for galvanic cells, such as nonaqueous oxyhalide cells, which comprises a member force-fitted within a vent orifice and wherein a corrosion-resistant material which is not an integral part of the force-fitted member is disposed between the wall defining the vent orifice and the force-fitted member so as to predictably insure venting after a predetermined gas pressure build-up within the cell.

Abstract: A contact assembly for use in alkaline electric cells, includes a inner metal disk and an outer metal disk which engage one another coaxially when embedded in a cell end cover to form a cell anode. The inner metal disk has a neck-like cylindrical projection having an axial bore, the projection extending inwardly of the cell. One end of a collector rod within the cell is seated within the bore of the projection so as to remain in electrical contact with the inner periphery of the projection and, thus, with the anode formed by the two metal disks, in the event the anode is caused to move outwardly of the cell in response to gas pressure developed within the cell.

Abstract: A storage battery, particularly adapted for automotive applications, includes unique cover, venting and terminal constructions which, in their various embodiments, can accommodate virtually any automobile cable arrangement. Each of the several embodiments utilizes an identical container, electrode construction, intercell assembly and venting arrangement. Various types of exterior battery terminals, accommodating both conventional pressure clamps and threaded connectors, are connected to the battery electrodes through an intermediate primary cover. An outer secondary cover encloses the entire top of the battery, except for direct access to the exterior terminals, and the venting assembly is totally enclosed between the primary and secondary covers.

Abstract: A galvanic cell having a plastic closure member having a resiliently deformable peripheral annular flange defined by an annular groove having an inner upstanding wall, a base, and an outer upstanding wall in the upper surface of said closure member, said flange defining an annular notch forming a venting lip and a sealing lip, and said closure member defining at least one aperture extending through the base of said annular groove, said closure member being compressed such that the venting lip is positioned over the annular groove to form a closed groove; said closure operable such that internal pressure in the cell is released by the momentary deflection of the venting lip.

Abstract: A recombining lead-acid battery with absorbed electrolyte is disclosed having multiple cells positioned in a sealed monobloc container, and cell partitioning members constructed to define a gas space common to all the cells of the battery. When the battery is overcharged imbalance in electrolyte fill among the cells is reduced as the amount of water in each cell tends to equalize through redistribution via gas recombination preferentially in the drier cells.

Abstract: A multicell sealed rechargeable battery is disclosed including an open mouth monobloc container formed of a plurality of cup-shaped cell holders interconnected at mutual tangent zones, electrochemical cells of the rechargeable type fitting into the cell holders and interconnected to form the battery, and a closure member attached to the mouth of the monobloc container.

Abstract: A safety blow-out vent closure for galvanic cells, such as nonaqueous oxyhalide cells, which comprises the employment of a conductive tubular member secured to the cell's housing and surrounding a vent orifice in the cell's housing and wherein a deformable member is force-fitted in said vent orifice and adapted to at least partially be ejected from the vent orifice upon the build up of a predetermined internal gas pressure within the cell. The invention is also directed to a method for assembling an electrochemical cell with the above-described safety vent closure.

Abstract: A resealable vent closure for galvanic cells, such as non-aqueous oxyhalide cells, which comprises a castellated type of cap employed to compress and retain a resilient deformable member over a vent orifice in the cell's housing such that the compressed resilient deformable member will form a normally tight seal at the vent orifice which will vent and reseal after a predetermined pressure build up within the cell. The invention is also directed to a method for assembling an electrochemical cell, such as a nonaqueous oxyhalide cell, with the above-described resealable vent closure.

Abstract: A battery vent plug providing repeated relief of a pressure condition within a battery at relatively low internal pressures. The vent plug is arranged to prevent dropping of the internal pressure to zero upon venting while yet having a small relief-reseal pressure range. The vent plug includes a relief valve within a housing defined by a rubber cylinder releasably engaging an annular seat on the housing about an inlet to a vent chamber within the housing. The rubber cylinder is maintained under a preselected compression assuring sealing thereof to the seat at pressures below a preselected venting pressure. Upon removal of the sealing portion of the cylinder from the seat, the pressurized gas escapes around the cylinder and through a hole in the housing to atmosphere.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a novel resealable pressure relief vent valve for use in normally sealed containers such as sealed electric batteries or cells wherein said vent valve includes an outer plate having a centrally-raised area, an inner plate having a centrally recessed area, said plates joined at their ends and forming a cavity therebetween, and a compressed resilient elastomeric member interposed in the cavity and positioned to overlie a vent orifice located in the inner plate, whereby during normal operation of the battery or cell the elastomeric member seals the vent orifice and when internal container pressure exceeds a predetermined limit, the elastomeric member distorts, breaking the seal and allowing the venting of the cell.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve is provided having only two parts, a housing and a valve body located in a chamber in the housing. In a first embodiment, the housing has a deformable elastic, stressed wall opposite the valve seat, with a rigid valve body engaging the wall and the valve seat in closed condition. In a second embodiment, the housing is rigid and the valve body is of deformable, elastic material and is stressed when in position in the housing, engaging the wall and the valve seat in closed condition. The valve body is preferably spherical, the height perpendicular to the plane of the valve seat being at least about 75% of the width, parallel to the valve seat. The housing of the first embodiment may be of metal, such as sheet steel, or of plastic. Plastic housings which are elastically deformable may be injection molded directly into an opening in a container part, or may be separately molded and then secured in the opening of a container part.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a novel resealable pressure relief vent valve for use in normally sealed containers such as sealed electric batteries or cells wherein said vent valve includes an outer rigid plate, an inner flexible disc forming part of the interior of the container, said disc having one or more vent holes and a compressible rubber disc positioned in partially compressed condition between the outer rigid plate and inner flexible disc and situated over each of said vent holes whereby the inner flexible disc flexes upward breaking its seal over the said holes venting the interior of the container when excessive internal pressures occur.

Abstract: Radially sealed galvanic dry cells having a safety high pressure vent means comprising the crimping of an arc portion between about 150.degree. and 190.degree. of the top edge of the container over the cell closure means so that after a predetermined high internal gas pressure build up, the gas will tip the closure means and produce a vent passage between the cell's container and closure means proximal the remaining arc portion of the top edge of the container.

Abstract: Radially sealed galvanic dry cells having a safety high pressure vent means comprising the crimping of an arc portion between about 150.degree. and 200.degree. of the top edge of the container over the cell's gasket-cover closure means so that at a predetermined high internal gas pressure build up, the gas will tip the cover of the closure means and produce a vent passage within the cell housing between the cover and the gasket of the closure means proximal the remaining arc portion of the top edge of the container.

Abstract: A two part pressure-relief valve is made and assembled to a container part by making a lid for the container with a through-opening, injection molding into the opening a valve housing having a valve chamber, and pressing a valve into the valve chamber.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sealed lead acid button cell having a moulded acid resistant polymer case formed in two portions each portion having a central boss with a passage leading into the cell, and a metal plug located in the said passage, the inner end of the plug being electrically connected to the electrode located in that portion of the case, and a cap made of a metal harder than the metal of the said plug surrounding the central boss and squeezing it against the plug and the cap being electrically connected to the plug. The cap may thus be crimped around the boss or may be a force fit thereon. The case is provided with a pressure relief vent to allow gases to vent under service conditions.

Abstract: A rechargeable electrochemical cell (10 in FIG. 1) has a negative electrode (11) with an active surface (11') of copper; a positive electrode (12) with an active surface (12') of lead dioxide, spaced therefrom; in an aqueous acid electrolyte (13) of fluoboric, fluosilicic, sulfamic, or perchloric acid, in which both divalent copper and divalent lead ions are soluble during discharging, and from which smooth and adherent deposits may be obtained during charging; and a container (14) with an electrically nonconductive inner surface (14') that is chemically resistant to the electrolyte (13).A similar cell (30 in FIG. 5) comprises also bipolar electrodes (32,31) similar in shape to the negative electrode (31) and the positive electrode (32), positioned between them and substantially parallel to them. As in FIG. 2, the container may comprise a fluid-tight enclosure (24,25) with an optional pressure relief valve (28).

Abstract: A lead-acid battery capable of activation by the addition of electrolyte thereto includes at least one pack of formed positive and negative battery plates with insulating separators being interposed between adjacent plates. Part of the sulphuric acid used to form the plates is retained by the battery and has a specific gravity between 1.25 and 1.35, the amount of the retained acid being insufficient to electrically connect the plates during storage. In addition means is provided to seal the battery against ingress of air but allow gases generated in the battery to escape.

Abstract: A method of producing a lead-acid battery capable of activation by the addition of electrolyte thereto, comprises the steps of:starting with a battery container accommodating at least one pack of battery plate grids having insulating separators interposed between adjacent grids, each of said grids carrying the lead-acid battery paste required to produce a positive or a negative battery plate after conversion of the paste into the active material of the plate. With the grids immersed in an aqueous solution of sulphuric acid, an electric current is passed between the grids so that the solution rises to a temperature in excess of 180.degree. F. but not greater than 210.degree. F., the passage of the electric current converting the paste on the grids to the active material of the plates.

Abstract: Bi-directional valve means are provided between the interior and the ambient, opening outward at a predetermined internal overpressure, and inward at a predetermined underpressure.

Abstract: An improved seal closure for the open end of a cell comprising a cover including an annular depending flange which has a circumferential notch for engaging the inwardly turned peripheral edge of the cell, an annular recess located in the cover and extending below the level of the notch and a locking collar for insertion within the recess.

Abstract: A galvanic cell having a primary radial type seal in conjunction with a secondary resealable vent closure, said resealable vent closure comprising a resilient elastomeric sponge gasket disposed and compressed between the upper surface of the cell's cover and the rim of the cell's container, which is turned over the upper surface of the cover, so as to facilitate the venting of any high pressure gases that may escape past the radial seal while retaining liquid.

Abstract: A vent structure intended for use in venting gas from the interior of a battery housing can be constructed so as to use a generally cup-shaped, resilient valve element. The element is positioned within a cavity at the top of the housing with the bottom of the element spaced from an opening in the bottom of the cavity and with the peripheral wall of the element resiliently engaging the interior of the cavity. A retainer extends across the open top of the cavity and engages the bottom of the valve element so as to hold it in place. The retainer holds the valve element so that the peripheral wall of the valve element can flex inwardly to permit the escape of gas. The vent structure is utilized with a gas-liquid separator placing the opening in the bottom of the cavity in communication with the interior of the housing. The cavity and the gas liquid separator are shaped so as to permit liquid to drain back into the interior of the housing from within the interiors of the cavity and the gas-liquid separator.

Abstract: Sealed galvanic dry cells having at least one gas venting passage disposed at the interface of the top surface of the cover and the curled over rim of the container. The passage is defined as being a recess in the cover disposed below the curled over rim and/or a notch in a portion of the curled over rim.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stopper with valve for a storage battery which permits the gases evolved by the storage battery to escape only above a precise specific pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure.The valve includes a diaphragm clack maintained gripped in a fluid-tight manner at its periphery, between the body of the stopper and a hood which covers a calibrated spring normally keeping the valve closed. The hood is secured on the body solely by ratchet engagement of these two members which have corresponding frustoconical surfaces and of which at least one is deformable.The stopper with valve is for application to fixed or starting storage batteries in order to lessen the consumption of water in the batteries.

Abstract: The invention relates to a casing of an electric cell and to a method of manufacturing the cell. The casing is fitted with a vent. The vent consists of a tongue formed in a metal portion of the casing whose inner surface is in contact with a seal; the non-detached tongue in the wall is turned towards the enclosed volume of the casing. In the case of internal overpressure, the seal is deformed and allows the interior of the electric cell to communicate with the exterior. Application to alkaline electrolyte cells.

Abstract: A primary dry cell comprising a metal anode cup having a cathode mix therein, an open end, a central cathode rod through the open end, and a closure, the closure having a central bore and a venting sleeve defined by an annular groove in the closure and being disposed proximate the central bore.

Abstract: A galvanic dry cell having a resealable subseal comprising a cup-shaped flapper vent valve having an opening at its center for receiving and contacting the cell's current collector rod and a peripheral edge segment contacting and conforming to the inner wall of the cell's container and adapted for deflecting upwardly thereby providing a resealable vent path at the valve-container interface.

Abstract: Various improved battery vent plugs utilizing a slit resilient acid-resistant diaphragm bi-directional valve which opens temporarily automatically under gaseous pressure serve to minimize battery fluid loss.

Abstract: A galvanic cell, and a method for making it, having a resealable vent closure consisting of a resilient elastomeric sponge gasket disposed and compressed between the cover of the cell and the upper wall of the cell's container and designed such that gas buildup within the cell in the range of about 5 to 75 psi will vent along the cover-gasket interface and/or container-gasket interface.