Abstract: An electrochemical cell is provided. The cell includes: a plurality of electrode stacks, each electrode stack including an aluminum or aluminum alloy anode, and at least one cathode configured to be electrically coupled to the anode; one or more physical separators between each electrode stack adjacent to the cathode; a housing configured to hold the electrode stacks, an electrolyte, and the physical separators; a water injection port, in the housing, configured to introduce water into the housing. The aluminum or aluminum alloy of the anode is substantially free of titanium and boron.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of cells and a plurality of holders. The plurality of cells are parallelly arranged in a row at intervals. The plurality of cells have explosion-proof valves which are provided therein and which are capable of opening upon an increase in an inner pressure in the plurality of cells. The plurality of holders are arranged among the cells so as to hold the cells. The holders have holder pieces which are integrally formed therein and which cover at least part of the explosion-valves so as to prevent emissions from the explosion-proof valves from being released in all directions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for simultaneously adjusting vertical height and horizontal deflection including a lower plate fixed to a floor, an upper plate, vertical height and horizontal deflection of which are adjusted, one or more variable posts connected to an upper end of the lower plate and a lower end of the upper plate, and a height adjustment unit, a lower end of which is fixedly disposed above the lower plate and an upper end of which is disposed at the lower end of the upper plate in a line contact fashion, the height adjustment unit adjusting vertical height and horizontal deflection of the upper plate at the line contact portion.

Abstract: A flow battery system and method are provided. The flow battery system may include a feed system feeding positive electrolyte from a first storage tank to a positive inlet of a battery stack and negative electrolyte from a second storage tank to a negative inlet of the battery stack, a return system returning charged electrolyte from the battery stack to the first and second storage tanks, and a controller to selectively control at least one of the feed system and the return system so positive electrolyte, from the first storage tank, is applied a negative charge by the battery stack and then returned by the return system to the second storage tank, and so negative electrolyte, from the second storage tank, is applied a positive charge by the battery stack and then returned by the return system to the first storage tank.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery module that has a plurality of batteries which are provided with release portions each for releasing internal gas when an internal pressure is increased, and an exhaust portion which is provided with an opening portion and guides gas released from the release portions to the opening portion, a non-resettable switch element which is provided at a position where the guided gas passes in a vicinity of the opening portion, and is changed from a first state preset as one of an opened state and a closed state into a second state as the other one of the opened state and the closed state when a preset reference temperature or higher is reached, and a high-temperature abnormality determination unit which determines that the battery module has an abnormality when the switch element is in the second state.

Abstract: A stacked battery has at least two cell segments arranged in a stack. Each cell segment may have a first electrode unit having a first active material electrode, a second electrode unit having a second active material electrode, and an electrolyte layer between the active material electrodes. One or more gaskets may be included in each cell segment to seal the electrolyte within the cell segment. The electrode units may be “dish shaped” and may contain a pressure equalization valve to reduce electrode unit deflection and improve pressure equalization between cell segments. The pressure equalization valve may allow a gas to diffuse through adjacent cell segments and may substantially prevent electrolyte from diffusing through.

Abstract: A system and method for maintaining an ambient oxygen concentration below a preset concentration while charging a metal-air battery pack is provided, the system utilizing an on-board means for collecting and storing the oxygen-rich effluent generated during the charge cycle.

Abstract: A system and method for collecting, storing and using the oxygen-rich effluent generated when charging a metal-air battery pack is provided.

Abstract: Battery element 2 is sandwiched between and surrounded by casing films 4, 5 each having a thermo-fusing resin layer, and is sealed by thermally fused region 6 formed by thermally fusing around the overall periphery. Cross-link structure portion 13 is formed in part of thermally fused region 6 by cross-linking casing film 5, and gas release chamber 12 is formed with its leading end positioned in cross-link structure portion 13. Gas release chamber 12 is a portion which is surrounded by thermally fused region 6 along its periphery, and in which casing films 4, 5 are not thermally fused. Tube 14 which is open at both ends is connected to gas release chamber 12, while sandwiched between casing films 4, 5, with its leading end positioned in gas release chamber 12.

Abstract: A secondary battery has a safety vent formed on a can accommodating an electrode assembly. The safety vent is formed in a groove shape and the depth of the groove varies. The fracture site of the safety vent is controlled by adjusting the depth of the safety vent. The safety vent is prevented from damaging the electrode assembly when the electrode assembly is inserted in the can, and contacts the safety vent.

Abstract: The invention is an electrochemical battery cell with a fluid consuming electrode, such as an oxygen reduction electrode, and a fluid regulating system. The fluid regulating system includes a valve for adjusting the rate of passage of the fluid to the fluid consuming electrode. It is operated by an actuator that responds (e.g., by deforming) to changes in a potential applied across the actuator to open or close the valve. The applied potential can be the cell potential or an adjusted potential. The potential applied across the actuator can vary according to the need for more or less fluid in the fluid consuming electrode. The valve can be contained within the cell housing, for example between the fluid consuming electrode and one or more fluid entry ports in the cell housing, or it can be located outside the cell housing.

Abstract: The invention relates to a battery, which includes a housing for receiving at least one electrolyte, at least one electrolyte received in the housing, and at least one device for dissipating and/or collecting gases or vapors from the battery. According to the invention, the battery is provided with at least one device for replenishing the at least one electrolyte.

Abstract: There is provided a risk-free and easy-to-use battery pack using battery cells 1 as a secondary battery, in which internal gases evaporated by applying overvoltage or the like thereto are processed inside a case to be prevented from leaking to the outside of the case and thereby even if the case has been led to rise in pressure due to a thermorunaway of the battery, the case is free from breaking. To realize this performance, the battery pack 10 is provided with a battery cell housing 17 for housing lithium cells 1 and a gas processor 15 for liquefying the internal gases g generated from the lithium cells 1.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery cell includes at least two working electrodes, each including an active material, an inert material, an electrolyte and a current collector, a first separator region arranged between the at least two working electrodes to separate the at least two working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes are electronically connected within the cell, an auxiliary electrode including a lithium reservoir, and a second separator region arranged between the auxiliary electrode and the at least two working electrodes to separate the auxiliary electrode from the working electrodes so that none of the working electrodes is electronically connected to the auxiliary electrode within the cell.

Abstract: A venting plug for stationary batteries includes a support body, screwable into an upper opening of a battery element, provided with at least one topping-up hole intended to cause an electrolyte topping-up liquid introduced into the upper part of the support body to precipitate into the battery element, a porous element, mounted in the upper part of the support body, intended to act as a filtering barrier for gases rising up from the battery element towards the outside along the topping-up hole.

Abstract: A series of cell fill valves are interconnected by tubing and T-connections, one to each battery cell. Each cell fill valve is controlled by a ball in a seat in a single fill opening. The ball is controlled by a float on a pivotable lever arm with an end finger which holds the ball up to admit water with the float down and allows the ball to lower onto the seat as the cell fills causing the float to rise to a shutoff level when the cell is filled to a desired level.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a container an electrode assembly mounted in the container having a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a cap assembly fixed to the container to seal the container. The cap assembly includes a cap plate having a terminal, a current breaker electrically connected to the cap plate; and a vent plate having a safety vent electrically connected to the current breaker, the shape of the vent plate being altered by the internal pressure of the secondary battery to alter the shape of the current breaker, and the current breaker cutting off the current path of the cap assembly.

Abstract: A system for adding fluid to a valve regulated lead acid (“VRLA”) battery cell includes an injection head assembly coupled to a vent opening. The injection head assembly replenishes water or electrolyte depleted during operation of the VRLA cell. Fluid is dispersed evenly across one or more absorbent gas mats to promote even absorption by the mats. Fluid may be dispersed while the VRLA is in operation, and fluid dispersion may be accomplished using continuous streams or pulsed streams.

Abstract: A battery, which can inhibit raise of an internal resistance even when temperature change or mechanical shock is applied, and which has superior productivity is provided. A safety mechanism and a battery cover are installed at an open part of a battery case by caulking through a gasket. Inside of the battery case is sealed. A flange part of the battery cover contacts with a flange part of a safety valve of the safety mechanism. A surface roughness of the contact face is set to be in the range from about 0.5 ?m to about 5.5 ?m based on an arithmetic average roughness Ra. A contact resistance between the battery cover and the safety valve is thereby reduced. Further, a maximum height Ry of the contact face is preferably in the range from about 8.0 ?m to about 50.0 ?M.

Abstract: An automatic shut-off valve suitable for watering of batteries is disclosed. The valve is formed by a chamber having an inlet and an outlet. A seat surrounds the outlet. A spring biased piston within the cylinder is movable into and out of sealing engagement with the seat to open and close the valve. A flow deflecting surface is positioned between the inlet and the piston. Water flow is directed around the piston to eliminate drag that would force the piston into engagement with the seat. A second deflector surface directs flow against the piston to bias it open. An actuator cup, fed by a nozzle extending from the outlet, draws the piston into engagement with the seat when the cup is sealed by engagement with the electrolyte surface. The valve may also employ a float actuator connected to the piston.

Abstract: A battery system for an automotive vehicle includes a battery case having a number of battery cells housed within the case. Coolant passages extend about the battery cells, and a coolant pump or driver circulates coolant from the coolant supply through the passages so as to transfer heat from the battery cells to the coolant. A controller periodically reverses the direction of flow through the coolant passages so as to minimize the differential temperature arising between various cells of the battery stack.

Abstract: The invention is a system (10) and method for determining a gas composition within a fuel cell (12) of a shut down fuel cell power plant. The system (10) includes at least one fuel cell (12), a sensor circuit (86) secured in electrical connection with the fuel cell (12), wherein the circuit (86) includes a power source (88), a voltage-measuring device (90), and a sensor circuit switch (92). The circuit (86) is secured so that the power source (88) may selectively deliver a pre-determined sensing current to the fuel cell (12) for a pre-determined sensing duration. The system (10) selectively admits the reducing fluid into an anode flow field (28) of the cell (12) whenever the sensor circuit (86) senses that a shut down monitoring voltage of the fuel cell (12) is the same as or exceeds a calibrated sensor voltage limit of the fuel cell (12).

Abstract: A fuel cell hybrid vehicle utilizing flooded aqueous battery or batteries operatively coupled to a fuel cell stack, an electric drive motor, and an integrated watering system, the integrated watering system comprising: a heat exchanger configured to extract water from exhaust air from the fuel cell stack; a reservoir, operatively connected to store the water; a sensor, operatively connected to generate a signal based on the flooded aqueous batteries' electrolyte level; a pump, operatively connected to the reservoir and the flooded aqueous batteries; and a system controller, operatively connected to receive and evaluate the signal from the sensor and actuate the pump to move water from the reservoir to the flooded aqueous battery or batteries.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a single point watering system for use with a lead-acid battery having a plurality of battery cell access ports. The system comprises a plurality of refill valves and a plurality of refill valves and a manifold having (i) a water feed tube with at least one external port and a plurality of outlets each communicating with one of the plurality of refill valves, and (ii) at least one passageway housing a flame arrestor to permit the discharge of gases from the battery cells to the surrounding environment only through the flame arrestor. The manifold is removably and sealably mountable to the battery so that each refill valve is in fluid communication with one of the battery cell access ports.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and method of operation in which the fuel cell system has a fuel cell unit with anode and cathode, a media flow path for supplying substantially pure hydrogen to the anode, a media flow path for the cathode, an anode exhaust-gas flow path and a cathode exhaust-gas flow path. A fan for supplying air to the cathode is provided in the flow path of the cathode, and a catalytic burner is arranged in the cathode exhaust-gas flow path. The anode exhaust-gas flow path opens into the catalytic burner and/or into the cathode exhaust-gas flow path upstream of the catalytic burner. The combined, catalytically converted fuel cell exhaust-gas flow is passed into an expansion machine.

Abstract: A liquid electrolyte battery is disclosed having autonomous watering and electrolyte mixing systems. Watering is effected through a fluid conduit and a valve system mounted on the battery providing fluid communication and flow control between a fluid source and the battery cells. Mixing of the electrolyte is effected by pumping air into the battery cells to prevent acid stratification during charging using an air conduit and air pump mounted on the battery. The fluid conduit provides fluid communication between the air pump and the cells. A controller mounted on the battery receives input signals from various sensors indicative of electrolyte level and charging status and controls the valve system and the air pump to effect watering and electrolyte mixing. A protective cover is mounted on the battery to restrict access to the controller and the air pump.

Abstract: An electrochemical battery comprises a casing (1) presenting a surface of revolution about an axis, having at least one air inlet opening (4) and at least one air outlet opening (5), and housing firstly in a central portion (6), fan means (7), and secondly around the periphery of the central portion, secondary electrochemical cells (8) arranged in such a manner as to deliver selected electrical characteristics. The air flow generated by the axial fan means (7) between the air inlet opening (4) and the air outlet opening (5) sweep over the cells (8), thereby regulating their temperature.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a reforming device for producing a hydrogen-rich gas mixture by reforming a hydrogen-containing compound, and a fuel cell stack for generating electromotive fore by a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. The fuel cell system further includes a hydrogen separating device disposed between the reforming device and the fuel cell stack. The hydrogen separating device is provided with hydrogen permeating means for obtaining a fuel gas by separating hydrogen gas from the gas mixture.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a closed battery capable of rapidly releasing the internal pressure thereof and at the same time disconnecting the current to effectively prevent itself from temperature rising and explosion so that it may assure the safety and reliability thereof, when the internal pressure is elevated due to short circuit, overcharge, reverse charge, or the like in such a completely closed battery. The formation of a valve element 5 whose center is eccentric to the center of a metal substrate 1 produces a slit 3 having a large width portion around the circumference of a valve element 5. When the internal pressure of a battery is elevated, the valve element 5 is smoothly raised up together with a metal foil 2 from the bending fulcrum portion 4 to thereby cut a lead wire 6 or permit a braze portion 8 to detach from the lead wire 6, thus reliably disconnecting the current.

Abstract: A circulation system for a flowing-electrolyte battery having at least one electrochemical cell, an anolyte reservoir, and a catholyte reservoir. The circulation system includes an anolyte pump coupled in fluid flowing relationship to the anolyte reservoir which pumps anolyte from the anolyte reservoir to the at least one electrochemical cell. A catholyte pump is coupled in fluid flowing relationship to the catholyte reservoir and also pumps catholyte to the at least one electrochemical cell. A second phase pump is coupled in fluid flowing relationship to the catholyte reservoir and is used to introduce second phase electrolyte into the aqueous catholyte pumped by the catholyte pump. The second phase pump is controlled by a controller so that the second phase is introduced into the catholyte stream in a metered fashion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gravity filling system for adding water to wet cell batteries. The system is for one or more batteries and incorporates a new and improved cell plug which will reduce risk of hazardous gases and toxic acids to the operator. The cell plug incorporates a styrofoam packed float chamber, that forces a float needle to seal off the cell when the water level reaches a predetermined desirable level. The device fills the battery level without overfilling which can be as detrimental as not filling it enough. The operator can by visual inspection ascertain when the filling of any particular battery has been completed.

Abstract: For use with a valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) battery, a fluid fill system and a method of maintaining fill fluid in a VRLA battery. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a fluid determination circuit, associated with the battery, that determines a quantity of fill fluid in the VRLA battery and (2) a controller, coupled to the fluid determination circuit, that introduces replacement fill fluid into the VRLA battery based on the quantity to replace fill fluid lost from the VRLA battery. The fluid determination circuit comprises sensors that measure a temperature and pressure associated with the VRLA battery, and a state of a fluid release valve on the battery.

Abstract: A device for protecting a cell is described comprising a cell body arranged in a container which has opening and closing means to open and close the cell body from the exterior atmosphere of the container. The device also has a sensor for sensing an impact to the cell body. When the impact is above a predetermined value, a barrier fluid is sprayed into the interior of the container. The opening and closing means of the container is operated in response to the spraying of the barrier fluid.

Abstract: A battery having a built-in controller that controls one or more functions of the battery is disclosed. The battery may, for example, control a charge or a discharge cycle of a battery, disconnect an electrochemical cell from the terminals of the battery in an emergency condition, provide electronic identification of all characteristics or conditions, or provide a low remaining charge warning. The battery may be a single-cell battery, a universal single-cell battery, a multiple-cell battery or a multiple-cell hybrid battery. Each individual cell preferably has a built-in controller.

Abstract: An electric vehicle cell featuring internal pressure relief and spring disengagement devices which vent various internal pressures to atmosphere to prevent cell bulging or explosion and which also internally interrupt current flow through the cell due to internal overheat, excessive current draw and the like. Internal reconnection of cell members reoccurs subsequent to internal thermal and other abnormalities. The electric vehicle cell contains an electrolyte which is introduced into the cell casing by a method involving the use of apparatus including a filling fixture having an electrolyte fill line and a vacuum line for vacuum assisted filling.

Abstract: A water top-up plug for batteries containing a liquid electrolyte has a plug housing, which is formed outwardly in the lower region so that it is complementary to an upper battery housing opening. A cover is arranged at the plug housing at the top, beneath which there is located a water chamber which has a water supply opening which can be closed by a valve and at least one flow connection to that region of the plug housing which, after the insertion into a battery housing opening, communicates with the inner space of the battery. Moreover, at least one tube stub is provided, onto which a water supply hose can be mounted and which stands in flow communication with the water inlet. At the bottom, a float projects out of the plug housing and is connected with the valve body via a float rod and a cross-piece provided at its upper end. The valve seat and the water supply opening are integrated in accordance with the invention into the plug housing.

Abstract: A water replenishment plug for batteries containing a liquid electrolyte has a push-in plug housing (11) which is made complementary at the outside to an upper battery housing opening. Furthermore, a water chamber (13) is provided at the push-in plug housing (11) at the top and has a water supply opening (15) closeable by the valve (14) and at least one flow connection to the region of the push-in plug housing (11) which, after the insertion into a battery housing opening, communicates with the interior of the battery. Furthermore, at least one tube stub (16) is provided onto which a water supply hose can be placed and which stands in flow connection (17) with the valve inlet (18). A float (19) which projects out of the push-in plug housing (11) at the bottom is connected via a float rod (20) and a cross-piece (21) provided at its upper end region to the valve body (22) which has a valve stem (27) and cooperates with a valve seat (15) at the valve housing (24).

Abstract: A low profile battery refill system employing swiveling three-port tubing connectors, enabling a standardized routing configuration and the use of interchangeable tubing connector components.

Abstract: The optimum electrolyte level sensing method and the automatic topping up apparatus for storage wet cell are disclosed. The difference in the conductivities between the distilled water and the electrolyte is utilized. An injection outlet portion(15), an adjust ring(14), and two wires are used to detect the optimum electrolyte level to supply distilled water to storage cells. The feedback control to maintain the constant optimum electrolyte level of storage cells is carried out by a single microprocessor.

Abstract: A battery watering (8) system using a plurality of cells (14) and modules (12). Watering ramps (11) communicate water from a reservoir (18) to a series of interconnected watering caps (16). A reversible pump (30) is positioned below the watering caps (16) such that water within the watering caps (16) and interconnecting conduits (26, 28) drains through the pump (30) and into the reservoir (18) by syphon when no voltage is applied to the pump (30). A controller (39) automatically operates the watering system (8) by sensing the amp hours used since the last watering and determines whether or not the battery needs water. Successful battery watering or system failure are signaled (40) to the operator.

Abstract: An electrochemical power generating system has a base unit and a replaceable fuel unit. The base unit comprises controller for controlling operation of the pump. The fuel unit comprises a second housing releasably connectable to the first housing and a row of metal-air cells in the second housing electrically inter-connected together. Each cell includes a casing, a metal anode within the casing, an air cathode, a spacer between the cathode and anode for preventing the anode from contacting the cathode, an electrolyte intake port and an electrolyte discharge port in the casing for passage of electrolyte through the casing and between the anode and cathode. The fuel unit further comprises a manifold, an electrolyte reservoir, and a fluid line. The manifold has an intake port and a plurality of discharge ports in fluid communication with the electrolyte intake ports of the cells so that electrolyte flowing through the manifold is directed through the intake ports of the cells.

Abstract: A metal air cell comprising a flexible, recloseable, pouch made of a gas-permeable, electrolyte-impermeable, material forming the cathode of the cell, a metal plate anode in the pouch, and spacers physically isolating the anode from the interior of the flexible pouch cathode, the spacers separating the anode and the cathode by a predetermined spacing. A plurality of such cells are preferably stacked into a multicell battery, and compressed in a harness to maintain proper anode-cathode spacing as the anode is consumed. The stack can be incorporated as a replaceable part of a larger power system including a circulatory system for circulating an electrolyte solution through the cells in the stack. A controller controls the circulatory system, particularly during start-up and shut-down, to achieve a fast start up, and an efficient shut down.

Abstract: A system for increasing the efficiency of electro-chemical batteries includes a liquid electrolyte battery having positive and negative terminals and electrolyte fluid input and output ports. The system also is provided with an electrolyte distribution manifold, an electrolyte filter, an electrolyte holding tank, and a pump and control valves for circulating the electrolyte fluid between the battery and the holding tank, whereby stratification of the electrolyte fluid is prevented and gases and solids are removed from the electrolyte.

Abstract: The invention relates to a float valve (3) for container filling systems, especially for electrical traction battery filling systems, comprising a valve housing (10) that accommodates a valve chamber (11) and a valve head (31), the valve chamber being provided with a filling medium supply inlet (16) and an outlet (17) leading to a container, the valve head (31) being connected to the float via a stem and a float rod (35, 36, 37) and being movably disposed in a valve chamber (11) to open the inlet and the outlet (16, 17) and shut off the outlet (17). To guarantee quick closing action also with low liquid pressures and to prevent dripping in the closed position it is proposed according to the invention that the filling medium be introduced first in a distribution chamber from where it flows into the valve chamber in a manner that it enters the valve chamber in the bottom area of the latter along the entire surface of the side walls and flows uniformly through the valve chamber.

Abstract: An improved battery refill system for filling and maintaining a number of interconnected battery cells at a predetermined level with liquid provided by an external liquid supply. The refill system includes a number of refill valves, each associated with a single battery cell, and a main supply valve which connects the battery cells to the liquid supply. Tubing is provided for connecting the battery cells in a chain or serial relationship. The tubing is fabricated from a plymeric material which, over an operating temperature range of between about -20.degree. F. and 200.degree. F., is substantially free of plasticizer bleed. The tubing is also sufficiently conformable and resilient over its service temperature range so as to remain in leak-tight engagement on both the barbed fittings and the compression fittings found in conventional battery watering systems.

Abstract: A method and unit for filling electrochemical cells, especially lithium cells, with an electrolyte. The cells are first evacuated while simultaneously checking the same for short circuits. The further filling process is terminated for any cell determined to have a short circuit. After the final vacuum level has been achieved, the cells are subsequently filled with the electrolyte while simultaneously monitoring the electrical voltage at the cells. The filling process is terminated for any cell determined to have a deviation from a prescribed voltage.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, voltage control system and method which include providing voltage sensing and control circuitry which measures the output voltage of a battery and provides an output signal to a flow control valve to cause the flow control valve to reduce the rate of flow of electrolyte when the output voltage of the battery is below a desired level and to cause the flow control valve to increase the rate of flow of electrolyte when the output voltage of the battery is above a desired level. The flow control valve may be a binary controlled solenoid valve responsive to a pulse-width-modulated signal from the sensing and control circuitry.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for filling a container to a predetermined level with liquid provided from an external liquid supply means. The apparatus includes a main valve and a main valve seat for controlling the supply of liquid to the container. A lower valve housing is provided for supporting the main valve and main valve seat. An upper cap housing is also provided which is in fluid communication between the external liquid supply means and the main valve. Together, the lower and upper housings form a manually releasably connected valve assembly which is removably insertable into the container.

Abstract: A battery in accordance with the invention comprises: p1 an electrochemical block (3) constituted by a large number of electrochemical couples; p1 a network for irrigating said electrochemical couples with electrolyte; p1 a heat exchanger (7) for externally dumping the heat evolved during discharge; p1 a pump (5) for causing the electrolyte (10) to circulate through the irrigation network and said heat exchanger; and p1 a device (2) for storing electrolyte and transferring it to said electrochemical block (3) on activation, said device including a supply of electrolyte connected to a gas generator and also to an inlet to said pump.

Abstract: A battery charger system, for use with an injector system, comprises a power supply and a battery pack. The power supply converts AC power to DC power. The battery pack includes a battery and a charging module. The module monitors the operating mode of the injector system. When the battery pack is disconnected from the injection control unit, the module enables the power supply to charge the battery with DC power. When the battery pack is connected to the injection control unit: (A) upon detecting the injector system in an idle mode, the module routes DC power from the power supply to both the battery for charging thereof and the injection control unit for operation thereof; and (B) upon detecting the injector system in a non-idle mode, the module prevents the power supply from charging the battery and enables the battery to provide DC power to the injection control unit.