Abstract: A process for making a crystalline latex emulsion suitable for use in toner using phase invention emulsification (PIE) where solvent is reused is presented.

Abstract: Toners of respective colors of a full-color toner set each contain a binder resin which is polyester resin; and a release agent dispersing aid which is styrene acrylic copolymer resin having at least one of an ?-methylstyrene structure and a styrene structure. The styrene acrylic copolymer resin is contained in an amount of 7 parts by weight to 14 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin. The full-color toner set has a sum of resistivities of the toners of the respective colors of 410×109 to 510×109 (?·cm).

Abstract: Processes for producing toners are provided. The processes include determining the desired gloss for a given toner, and determining the desired amount of aluminum in the toner to obtain that gloss. Utilizing the processes of the present disclosure, the solids content of an emulsion utilized to produce such a toner, as well as the mixing speed utilized in the aggregation process and the temperature at which aggregation of the toner particles occurs, may then be selected to obtain toner particles possessing the desired amount of aluminum, and thus the desired gloss.

Abstract: Unsaturated polyester resins and processes for making the same are disclosed herein. In particular, the process for making the resin provides resins with improved properties. The unsaturated polyester resins have substantially reduced free fumaric acid as compared to that made from conventional processes. The toner resins are used to prepare toner compositions that have improved performance.

Abstract: Amorphous polyester resins and processes for making the same are disclosed herein. In particular, the process for making the resin provides resins with improved properties. The amorphous polyester resins have substantially reduced free fumaric acid as compared to that made from conventional processes. The toner resins are used to prepare toner compositions the have improved performance.

Abstract: Processes for continuously coalescing particles from an aggregated particle slurry are disclosed. An aggregated particle slurry is further heated in a first heat exchanger, and the heated slurry then flows through a residence time reactor. The slurry, now containing coalesced particles, then flows through a second heat exchanger and is quenched. The recovered coalesced particle slurry is then suitable for washing and drying. No moving parts are needed in this system.

Abstract: Regarding a method for manufacturing an electrostatic latent image developing toner, which includes a process for aggregating particulates of components such as a binder resin, a colorant, and a releasing agent, a dispersion solution of binder resin particulates obtained by a specific method is used. The dispersion solution of the binder resin particulates are prepared as an oil-in-water emulsion containing particulates including the binder resin by mixing the binder resin, which is polyester resin, in a molten state with an organic base in a liquid state so as to neutralize the binder resin and subsequently mixing a resin molten solution with water. The amount of use of the organic base is 6 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. The degree of neutralization of the binder resin neutralized by the organic base is 100% or more.

Abstract: A toner, including: a binder resin; releasing agent-encapsulating capsules; and a colorant, wherein the releasing agent-encapsulating capsules each include: a capsule formed of a resin (I) which is different from the binder resin; and a releasing agent (RA) which is encapsulated in the capsule, and the releasing agent-encapsulating capsules exist in the binder resin, and wherein 50% to 100% of the releasing agent-encapsulating capsules exist in a region from a surface of the toner to a depth of 0.10 times a volume-average particle diameter of the toner.

Abstract: A method for the continuous aggregation of pre-toner particles including continuously flowing a slurry that includes at least one resin, and optionally includes other components used in forming aggregated pre-toner particles, or continuously flowing individual dispersions of the components of the slurry, into a reactor. The reactor includes a cylinder with a cylindrical channel, a mixing shaft located in the cylindrical channel, a longitudinal axis of the mixing shaft is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cylinder, at least one blade that has a plurality of holes is attached to the mixing shaft. The slurry or the dispersions are continuously mixed to form aggregated pre-toner particles.

Abstract: A method of forming toner particles includes aggregating a mixture of a latex, a wax, and an optional pigment to form pre-toner particles, and coalescing the pre-toner particles at a substantially constant target temperature selected within a range from about the glass transition temperature of the pre-toner particles to about 75° C., thereby creating toner particles having a substantially constant particle size distribution during the coalescing step.

Abstract: A washing process using one or more ionic liquids (ILs) as a washing aid agent for toners, including toners produced using such ILs, such as, low melt toners, is provided. ILs are environmentally sound, green solvents that act to swell toner particle surfaces so that surface absorbed and adsorbed pollutants, such as, surfactants and other manufacturing reactants, can be effectively removed. The resulting toners have good charging, charge maintenance and RH sensitivity.

Abstract: A toner includes a polymeric resin, optionally a colorant, and a small molecule crystalline aromatic ether having a molecular weight less than 1,000 g/mol. The polymeric resin may be an amorphous resin and a mixture of the amorphous resin and the crystalline aromatic ether may be characterized by a reduction in glass transition temperature from that of the resin and by the lack of a melting point for the crystalline aromatic ether as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the enthalpy of fusion for the crystalline aromatic ether in the mixture being measured to be less than 10% of the enthalpy of fusion of the crystalline aromatic ether in pure form. Furthermore, the toner may be configured to have a crease fix minimum fusing temperature (MFT) less than or equal to the crease fix MFT of a benchmark ultra-low-melt emulsion aggregation toner. Suitable crystalline aromatic ethers may include benzyl 2-naphthyl ether.

Abstract: An emulsion aggregation (EA) toner includes an amorphous polymeric resin, optionally a colorant, and a small molecule crystalline organic compound having molecular weight less than 1,000 g/mol and melting point less than the fusing temperature of the EA toner, wherein a mixture of the resin and the small molecule compound is characterized by a reduction in glass transition temperature from that of the resin and by the lack of a significant solid to liquid phase transition peak for the small molecule compound as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the enthalpy of fusion for the small molecule compound in the mixture being measured to be less than 10% of the enthalpy of fusion of the compound in pure form. Furthermore, the EA toner may be configured to have a crease fix minimum fusing temperature (MFT) less than or equal to the crease fix MFT of a benchmark ultra-low-melt emulsion aggregation toner.

Abstract: A toner includes a polymeric resin, optionally a colorant, and a small molecule crystalline diester having an aromatic core and a molecular weight less than 1,000 g/mol. The polymeric resin may be an amorphous resin and a mixture of the amorphous resin and the crystalline aromatic diester may be characterized by a reduction in glass transition temperature from that of the resin and by the lack of a significant solid to liquid phase transition peak for the small molecule compound as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the enthalpy of fusion for the small molecule compound in the mixture being measured to be less than 10% of the enthalpy of fusion of the compound in pure form. Furthermore, the toner may be configured to have a crease fix minimum fusing temperature (MFT) less than or equal to the crease fix MFT of a benchmark ultra-low-melt emulsion aggregation toner.

Abstract: A toner includes a polymeric resin, a colorant, and a small molecule crystalline aromatic monoester having a molecular weight less than 1,000 g/mol. The polymeric resin may be an amorphous resin and a mixture of the amorphous resin and the crystalline aromatic monoester may be characterized by a reduction in glass transition temperature from that of the resin and by the lack of a melting point for the crystalline aromatic monoester as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the enthalpy of fusion for the crystalline aromatic monoester in the mixture being measured to be less than 10% of the enthalpy of fusion of the crystalline aromatic monoester in pure form. Furthermore, the toner may be configured to have a crease fix minimum fusing temperature (MFT) less than or equal to the crease fix MFT of a benchmark ultra-low-melt emulsion aggregation toner. Suitable crystalline aromatic monoesters may include 2-Naphthyl benzoate.

Abstract: A toner includes a polymeric resin, optionally a colorant, and a small molecule crystalline imide having a molecular weight less than 1,000 g/mol. The polymeric resin may be an amorphous resin and a mixture of the amorphous resin and the crystalline imide may be characterized by a reduction in glass transition temperature from that of the resin and by the lack of a melting point for the crystalline imide as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, the enthalpy of fusion for the crystalline imide in the mixture being measured to be less than 10% of the enthalpy of fusion of the crystalline imide in pure form. Furthermore, the toner may be configured to have a crease fix minimum fusing temperature (MFT) less than or equal to the crease fix MFT of a benchmark ultra-low-melt emulsion aggregation toner. Suitable crystalline imides may include N-alkyl and N-aryl imides, such as N-benzylphthalimide.

Abstract: Porous particles can be prepared using an evaporative limited coalescence process in which one or more discrete cavities are stabilized within the continuous polymeric solid phase of the porous particles. The one or more discrete cavities have inner walls and are dispersed within the continuous polymeric solid phase. The porous particles further comprise a cavity stabilizing hydrocolloid on the inner walls of the one or more discrete cavities, and an amphiphilic (low HLB) block copolymer that is disposed at the interface of the discrete cavities and the continuous polymeric solid phase.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate to processes of preparing toner particles. More specifically, the processes produce toner particles having high pigment loadings and desired circularity. The processes include diluting the aggregated particulate mixture prior to coalescence.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic-charge image development contains toner particles in which the surfaces of core particles, including a binder resin composed of a polyester resin, are coated with shell layers. The shell layer is formed of a resin composed of a copolymer of monomers including a monomer having a quaternary ammonium group and a (meth)acrylic copolymer. The molar ratio of units derived from a monomer having a quaternary ammonium group is 5 mol % or more and 35 mol % or less.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a process to produce toner with tunable gloss levels comprising a stabilizer to freeze particle growth following aggregation, where the stabilizer does not chelate metal ions.

Abstract: A process for making a latex emulsion including contacting a resin dissolved in a solvent with an absorbent glass that binds the solvent to produce a latex emulsion.

Abstract: Processes for continuously coalescing particles from an aggregated particle slurry are disclosed. An aggregated particle slurry is further heated in a first heat exchanger, and the heated slurry then flows through a residence time reactor. The slurry, now containing coalesced particles, then flows through a second heat exchanger and is quenched. The recovered coalesced particle slurry is then suitable for washing and drying. No moving parts are needed in this system.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a sustainable toner.

Abstract: The production process is a process for producing a toner for electrostatic image development. The process has an aggregating step of adding an aggregating agent composed of a compound having a divalent or trivalent metal element into a dispersion with fine particles of a binder resin dispersed in an aqueous medium, and an aggregation terminating step of adding an aggregation terminating agent into the dispersion. The aggregation terminating agent is composed of a compound having at least one of a structure (1) represented by a formula (1) and a structure (2) represented by a formula (2). In the formulae (1) and (2), R1 to R9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group or an organic group. At least one of R1 and R4 or at least one of R5 and R6 represents a hydroxy group.

Abstract: A method for preparing a colored toner. The method includes: 1) providing surface-treated colorant, polymerizing the colorant by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to produce polymer-grafted colorant particles and dispersing the colorant particles in an aqueous solution including a surfactant to yield a first emulsion; 2) providing surface-treated wax, polymerizing the wax by ATRP to produce polymer-grafted wax particles, and dispersing the wax particles in the aqueous solution including the surfactant to yield a second emulsion; and 3) agglutinating the first emulsion and the second emulsion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography which includes the step of fusing aggregated particles containing resin particles (A) and releasing agent particles in an aqueous mixed solution containing the aggregated particles and an anionic surfactant having a polyalkylene glycol moiety with an average molar number of addition of an alkylene oxide having 2 to 3 carbon atoms of from 5 to 100 after and/or while adjusting a pH value of the aqueous mixed solution to 2.0 to 6.0 as measured at 25° C., and a toner for electrophotography obtained by the process.

Abstract: Disclosed are a toner and a preparation method thereof. The toner of the invention has honeycomb-shaped core-shell structured particles. The honeycomb-shaped core-shell structured particles comprise two or more core layers. Each core layer is completely covered by a shell layer.

Abstract: A process includes forming a filter cake from a slurry of emulsion aggregation toner particles and washing the filter cake with an alcohol to create porous toner particles.

Abstract: A method for producing a developing agent including preparing a dispersion liquid containing first fine particles containing a binder resin and second fine particles containing a color developable compound, a color coupler, and a color eraser, and aggregating the first and second fine particles in the dispersion liquid to form aggregated particles.

Abstract: A method for preparing toner particles is disclosed. In embodiments, a suitable method includes aggregating a mixture comprising at least one resin, an optional pigment and an optional wax to form aggregated particles, freezing aggregation of particles by adjusting the pH of the aggregated particles to a freezing aggregation pH; coalescing the aggregated particles to form toner particles at a first pH that is higher than the freezing aggregation pH; and recovering the toner particles.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a toner includes at least one encapsulated particle containing a color developable compound, color developer and a color eraser and polymeric particles. The at least one encapsulated particle and the polymeric particles being aggregated and fused in dispersion liquid.

Abstract: A method of making a toner composition includes preparing raw toner particles, increasing a surface area of the raw toner particles by contacting the raw toner particles with a base to produce base-treated raw toner particles, and mixing the base-treated raw toner particles with at least one surface additive such that the at least one surface additive attaches to a surface of the base-treated raw toner particles to obtain blended toner particles. A toner composition includes blended toner particles containing base-treated raw toner particles, and at least one surface additive attached to a surface of the base-treated raw toner particles, wherein a ratio of a triboelectric charge of the blended toner composition to a triboelectric charge of the base-treated raw toner particles is from about 0.8 to about 1.2.

Abstract: Provided is a toner that has a plurality of toner particles. Each toner particle can include a binder resin core and a shell disposed about the binder resin core. The binder resin core can include at least one binder resin. The shell can include a plurality of metal nanoparticles. The binder resin core can be prepared by forming an aggregate of the binder resin in which metallic nanoparticles are not present.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner excellent in low-temperature fixability and also excellent in heat-resistant storage property, offset resistance, and durability. In a process for producing a toner containing toner particles by emulsion aggregation, each toner particle includes a binder resin of which a main component is a block polymer having a crystal structure, a colorant, and a release agent; the binder resin includes polyester as a main component; the rate of a portion capable of forming a crystal structure to the binder resin is 50 to 80 mass %; a peak temperature Tp of a maximum endothermic peak attributed to the binder resin is 50 to 80° C. in endothermic amount measurement of the toner with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC); and fused particles are heated at a heating temperature t (° C.) satisfying Tp??15.0?t?Tp??5.0 for at least 0.5 hr.

Abstract: Toners are provided, which possess low melt properties capable of producing a low gloss finish. Methods for providing these resins and toners are also provided which include the process of controlling the gloss of the toner utilizing a slow acid addition during coalescence optionally combined with little or no chelating agent added during the aggregation process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for development of electrostatic latent images which includes a step (1) of mixing and aggregating resin particles (A), releasing agent particles and an aggregating agent formed of a divalent to pentavalent amine salt in an aqueous medium to obtain aggregated particles, and a toner for development of electrostatic latent images obtained by the process.

Abstract: According to one implementation, a toner includes a toner mother particle and a convex portion on a surface of the toner mother particle. The toner mother particle includes at least a resin (1). The convex portion is formed from a resin particle including at least a resin (2). An average value of a length of a long side of the convex portion is within a range of 0.1 to 0.5 ?m. A ratio between a Young's modulus of a non-convex portion of the toner mother particle (ER (1)) and a Young's modulus of a convex portion of the toner mother particle (ER (2)) is a value (ER (1)/ER (2)) within the range of 1.2 to 2.0.

Abstract: A method for reclaiming an out-of-spec emulsion material includes recovering the out-of-spec emulsion material from a scrap manufacturing batch; distilling the out-of-spec emulsion material to raise a solids content of the out-of-spec emulsion material to about 45 wt % or more based on a total weight of the emulsion material; dissolving the distilled emulsion material in a solvent to form a first mixture; adding a base to the first mixture to neutralize acid groups present in the distilled emulsion material, forming a second mixture; emulsifying the second mixture by adding water to the second mixture; and forming particles having an average particle diameter (D50v) within a target range, wherein the out-of-spec emulsion material has an average particle diameter falling outside of the target range.

Abstract: Continuous and semi-continuous emulsion aggregation processes for the production of toner particles are presented.

Abstract: A method of forming toner particles includes aggregating a mixture of a latex, a wax, and an optional pigment to form pre-toner particles, and coalescing the pre-toner particles at a substantially constant target temperature selected within a range from about the glass transition temperature of the pre-toner particles to about 75° C., thereby creating toner particles having a substantially constant particle size distribution during the coalescing step.

Abstract: A process for forming toner using an emulsion/aggregation scheme wherein particle aggregation occurs in a batch reactor and coalescence occurs in a continuous reactor. In embodiments, a continuous reactor comprises four sections joined in series.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a toner for electrophotography which is excellent in dispersibility of a colorant in the toner and capable of considerably improving an image density, as well as a toner for electrophotography which is produced by the process. There is provided a process for producing a toner for electrophotography which includes the step of mixing a dispersion of colorant-containing polymer particles with a dispersion of resin particles containing substantially no colorant to aggregate the colorant-containing polymer particles and the resin particles, wherein the polymer contains a constitutional unit derived from a salt-forming group-containing monomer (a) and a constitutional unit derived from an aromatic ring-containing monomer (b).

Abstract: The present embodiments relate to methods of making a toner composition. More specifically, the present embodiments relate to methods of including a functional material into a toner composition.

Abstract: A process includes forming, by emulsion polymerization, polymer resin particles in a latex, the polymer resin particles being formed from a mixture including one or more monomer emulsions and a non-surfactant-based charge control agent, the emulsion polymerization is carried out with a solids content in a range from about 10 to about 30 percent by weight of the mixture, and forming toner particles from the polymer resin particles, the toner particles support a sufficient triboelectric charge for use under A-zone environmental conditions in a single-component development system.

Abstract: A method for preparing latex emulsion compositions uses a steam-driven emulsification process, and a method for preparing a toner using the latex emulsion compositions. The method includes contacting a resin with an organic solvent and optionally a neutralization agent; and applying steam or heated water vapor to contact the resin to prepare a latex emulsion. An apparatus can perform the method.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a process to produce toner with tunable gloss levels comprising a stabilizer to freeze particle growth following aggregation, where the stabilizer does not chelate metal ions.

Abstract: The present embodiments relate to processes of preparing toner particles. More specifically, the processes produce toner particles having high pigment loadings and desired circularity. The processes include diluting the aggregated particulate mixture prior to coalescence.

Abstract: A process for making a latex emulsion including contacting at least one amorphous polyester resin with at least two organic solvents to form a resin mixture, adding a neutralizing agent, and deionized water to the resin mixture, removing the solvent from the formed latex, and separating the solvent from water. Further, the process is carried out above the resin Tg for making the latex, which drives the latex particle size under 100 nm, where toners made from the latex show improved charging performance.

Abstract: A continuous emulsion aggregation process for the production of particles is presented including a plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR). The plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors includes at least one feed tank of raw materials, at least one reactor for facilitating cold addition, at least two reactors for facilitating an aggregation process, at least one reactor for facilitating a shell addition process; at least one reactor for facilitating a freeze process, at least one reactor for facilitating a chelating process, at least one reactor for facilitating a ramp-up process and at least one reactor for facilitating a coalescence process, wherein the reactors are sequentially assembled in a series configuration and separated by short conduits to produce toner particles that are narrowly distributed.

Abstract: A phase inversion emulsification process includes dissolving a polyester resin in a mixture comprising (1) an organic solvent, (2) a first portion of a total amount of neutralizing agent, and (3) a first portion of water, neutralizing the dissolved polyester resin with a second portion of neutralizing agent, the second portion of neutralizing agent including the remaining amount of the total amount neutralizing agent, forming an emulsion by adding a second portion of water after the neutralizing step, and removing a portion of the organic solvent from the emulsion to provide a latex.