By Coalescing Or Aggregating Patents (Class 430/137.14)
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Patent number: 8338069Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toner particles, and toner particles produced by such processes. The processes of the present disclosure combine melt-mixing and grinding of toner components to produce toner particles, followed by a coalescing treatment which provides toner particles having desirable spherical properties.Type: GrantFiled: July 19, 2010Date of Patent: December 25, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Brian J. Andaya, Timothy L. Lincoln, D. Paul Casalmir, Joseph L. Leonardo, Anthony Uttaro, Jr.
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Patent number: 8338070Abstract: The present disclosure provides for oscillatory flow continuous reactors suitable for use in forming emulsion aggregation toners. The reactor may include at least one receptacle being a flexible, tubular member. The reactor may also include a plurality of baffles disposed, at spaced apart intervals, along an interior space of the tubular member, each of the plurality of baffles including one or more orifices. Additionally, one or more fluids may flow through the tubular member. The oscillatory flow continuous reactor may be used in an emulsion aggregation process to produce toner particles.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 2010Date of Patent: December 25, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Mark E. Mang, Grazyna Kmiecik-Lawrynowicz, Eugene F. Young, Maura A. Sweeney
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Publication number: 20120301822Abstract: Disclosed is method of preparing toner. According to the method, a concentration of a surfactant, a concentration of an aggregating agent, and a concentration of a hydrogen ion in a reaction solution of an aggregation process are controlled to produce toner particles having a narrow particle size distribution and excellent fixability, and providing a high quality image.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 1, 2011Publication date: November 29, 2012Applicant: SAMSUNG FINE CHEMICALS CO., LTD.Inventors: Sung Yul Kim, Dae Hwang, II, Il Sun Hwang, Bo Young Kim, Dong Won Kim, Sung Soon Kim
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Publication number: 20120301821Abstract: Disclosed is a method of producing toner. According to the method, a concentration of a dispersion stabilizer, a concentration of an aggregating agent, and a concentration of a hydrogen ion in a reaction solution of an aggregation process are controlled to produce toner particles having a narrow particle size distribution and excellent fixability, and providing a high quality image.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 1, 2011Publication date: November 29, 2012Applicant: SAMSUNG FINE CHEMICALS CO., LTD.Inventors: Bo Young Kim, Dae Il Hwang, Sung Yul Kim, Il Sun Hwang, Dong Won Kim, Sung Soon Kim
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Patent number: 8318398Abstract: Environmentally friendly toner particles are provided which may include a bio-based amorphous polyester resin, optionally in combination with another amorphous resin and/or a crystalline resin. Methods for providing these toners are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2010Date of Patent: November 27, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Guerino G. Sacripante, Valerie M. Farrugia, Ke Zhou, Edward G. Zwartz, Michael S. Hawkins
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Patent number: 8313884Abstract: A process for making toner particles is provided. In embodiments, a suitable process includes adding a defoamer to an emulsion utilized to form toner particles. Utilization of the defoamer allows for a reduction in the overall aggregation/coalescence cycle time and slurry viscosity, while producing a toner with improved GSDs, low coarse and target circularities.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2010Date of Patent: November 20, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Kimberly D. Nosella, Allan K. Chen, Zhen Lai, Zhaoyang Ou, Daryl W. Vanbesien
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Publication number: 20120288793Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing toner. The method for producing toner by emulsion aggregation according to the present invention, comprises adjusting viscosity at a homogenization stage, to thereby obtain toner particles having a dense particle size distribution via a simple process.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 1, 2011Publication date: November 15, 2012Applicant: SAMSUNG FINE CHEMICALS CO., LTD.Inventors: Dong Won Kim, Sung Yul Kim, Bo Young Kim, Il Sun Hwang, Sung Soon Kim
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Publication number: 20120288789Abstract: Environmentally friendly latex particles are provided which include a gelling agent and a pigment encapsulated in an amorphous resin which may be utilized in forming EA super low melt toners. Methods for providing these resins and toners are also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 11, 2011Publication date: November 15, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Hadi K. Mahabadi, Ke Zhou, Michelle N. Chrétien, Edward Graham Zwartz, Guerino G. Sacripante
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Patent number: 8309290Abstract: A toner including toner particles comprising a binder resin, a coloring agent and a wax. The toner particles are prepared by agglomerating and/or fusing at least two kinds of resin particulates and particles of the coloring agent dispersed in an aqueous medium. A first resin particulate among the at least two kinds of resin particulates contains a resin having a polyester skeleton and the wax. At least 50% by weight of the binder resin is polyester resins.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 2007Date of Patent: November 13, 2012Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Atsushi Yamamoto, Chiyoshi Nozaki, Tsuyoshi Nozaki, Mitsuyo Matsumoto, Takuya Kadota, Hiroyuki Murakami, Katsunori Kurose, Yoshimichi Ishikawa
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Publication number: 20120282544Abstract: A method for producing a developing agent including preparing a dispersion liquid containing first fine particles containing a binder resin and second fine particles containing a color developable compound, a color coupler, and a color eraser, and aggregating the first and second fine particles in the dispersion liquid to form aggregated particles.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 19, 2012Publication date: November 8, 2012Applicant: TOSHIBA TEC KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Takahito Kabai, Tsuyoshi Itou
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Publication number: 20120282545Abstract: According to one embodiment, a toner includes at least one encapsulated particle containing a color developable compound, color developer and a color eraser and polymeric particles. The at least one encapsulated particle and the polymeric particles being aggregated and fused in dispersion liquid.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 13, 2012Publication date: November 8, 2012Applicant: TOSHIBA TEC KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventors: Takahito Kabai, Tsuyoshi Itou
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Patent number: 8304158Abstract: A method for manufacturing a toner includes a pre-mixing step and a coating step. In the pre-mixing step, a secondary aggregate of the fine resin particles is disaggregated, while toner base particles and fine resin particles are mixed and stirred using a rotary stirring apparatus. Thus obtained disaggregated fine resin particles are fixed to the surface of the toner base particle. Thus, a fine resin particle-fixed toner is obtained. The rotary stirring apparatus includes a rotary stirring section, a temperature regulation section, a circulating section, and a spraying section. In the coating step, a liquid is sprayed to the fine resin particle-fixed toner with the spraying section using the rotary stirring apparatus. Thus, a film of the fine resin particles is formed. In the pre-mixing step and the coating step, temperature regulation is conducted in the temperature regulation section.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 2009Date of Patent: November 6, 2012Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yoshinori Mutoh, Yoshiaki Akazawa, Yoshitaka Kawase, Yoritaka Tsubaki, Keiichi Kikawa, Takashi Hara
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Publication number: 20120270146Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a process for preparing a polyester-based magnetic toner composition. The toner composition includes one or more polyester amorphous binder resins, optionally a crystalline polyester resin, and spherical barium iron oxide particles. In embodiments, the toner is prepared from barium iron oxide particles that are in a dispersion including water and a dispersant. In yet other embodiments, the process may be conducted under an inert gas such as argon to avoid oxidation of the ferromagnetic particles during toner preparation.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 20, 2011Publication date: October 25, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Ke Zhou, Suxia Yang, Cuong Vong, Paul J. Gerroir, Karen Ann Moffat, Gabriel Iftime
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Publication number: 20120270149Abstract: Disclosed is a production process of a toner for electrostatic image development, by which excellent toner particle size-controlling ability and moreover the sharpening of a particle size distribution are achieved. The production process is a production process of a toner for electrostatic image development, which is composed of toner particles containing at least a binder resin. The process has an aggregating and fusion-bonding step of adding a aggregating agent containing polysilicato-iron into an aqueous medium in which fine binder resin particles formed of the binder resin have been dispersed, thereby aggregating the fine binder resin particles, and an aggregation stopper-adding step of adding an aggregation stopper composed of a polyvalent organic acid or a salt thereof. In the production process of the toner for electrostatic image development, the polyvalent organic acid or the salt thereof is preferably an amino acid or a salt thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 18, 2012Publication date: October 25, 2012Applicant: KONICA MINOLTA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.Inventors: Tomoko MINE, Saburou HIRAOKA, Tomomi OSHIBA, Tatsuya NAGASE
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Publication number: 20120264047Abstract: A polyester resin toner-forming composition containing a biopolyol is described. The biopolyol can enhance branching, crosslinking or both.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 15, 2011Publication date: October 18, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Valerie M. Farrugia, Biritawit Asfaw
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Publication number: 20120264050Abstract: Disclosed is a production process of a toner for electrostatic image development, by which excellent toner particle size-controlling ability is achieved, and moreover the sharpening of a particle size distribution is achieved. The production process is a production process of a toner for electrostatic image development, is composed of toner particles containing a binder resin. The process has the steps of adding a aggregating agent containing polysilicato-iron into an aqueous medium in which fine binder resin particles formed of the binder resin have been dispersed, thereby aggregating the fine binder resin particles, and adding an aggregation stopper composed of a salt whose cation is univalent or bivalent.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 12, 2012Publication date: October 18, 2012Applicant: KONICA MINOLTA BUSINESS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.Inventors: Tomomi OSHIBA, Hitomi MOTANI, Tomoko MINE, Saburou HIRAOKA, Mikihiko SUKENO, Tatsuya NAGASE, Ken OHMURA
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Patent number: 8288070Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which exhibits an excellent heat-resistant storage property and a wide fusing temperature range, and a process for producing the toner for electrophotography.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 2008Date of Patent: October 16, 2012Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Mizuhata, Yutaka Murai, Manabu Suzuki, Hiromi Nambu
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Publication number: 20120258397Abstract: A process for making a latex emulsion suitable for use in a toner composition includes co-emulsifying a bio-based resin with an insoluble component, such as a pigment or wax, whereby the resin encapsulates the insoluble component. The resulting latex, including the insoluble component encapsulated in the resin, may then be utilized to form a toner. The insoluble component may thus be included in toner particles, which might otherwise be difficult to achieve, using emulsion aggregation processes.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2011Publication date: October 11, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Ke Zhou, Sonja Hadzidedic, Guerino G. Sacripante, Kimberly D. Nosella
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Publication number: 20120258392Abstract: A method for producing an electrophotographic toner, including (1) a step of preparing a thermally treated resin particle dispersion by retaining, for one hour or longer at a temperature satisfying a specific formula, a dispersion of resin particles (A) having a volume median particle size of 0.02 ?m to 2 ?m and containing a resin containing a crystalline polyester (a1) in an amount of 1 to 50 wt % and an amorphous polyester (b1); (2) a step of preparing an aggregated particle dispersion by aggregating thermally treated resin particles contained in the thermally treated resin particle dispersion prepared through step 1; (2a) a step of preparing resin-fine-particle-attached aggregated particles by adding, to the aggregated particle dispersion prepared through step 2, a dispersion of resin fine particles (B) containing an amorphous polyester (b2) in an amount of 70 wt % or more; and (3) a step of unifying the resin-fine-particle-attached aggregated particles prepared through step 2a.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 17, 2010Publication date: October 11, 2012Inventors: Shoichi Murata, Eiji Shirai, Hiroshi Mizuhata, Manabu Suzuki
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Publication number: 20120258396Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing toner particles which comprises: (a) selecting a carbon black; (b) measuring the surface level of sulfur of the carbon black by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy to ensure that the surface level of sulfur is no more than about 0.05 atomic percent; and (c) mixing the carbon black with a resin to generate a toner composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 6, 2011Publication date: October 11, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Thomas P. Debies, Timothy L. Lincoln, Kevin F. Marcell
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Publication number: 20120258398Abstract: Toners are provided, which possess low melt properties capable of producing a low gloss finish. Methods for providing these resins and toners are also provided which include the process of controlling the gloss of the toner utilizing a slow acid addition during coalescence optionally combined with little or no chelating agent added during the aggregation process.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 11, 2011Publication date: October 11, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Ke Zhou, Daryl W. Vanbesien, Jordan H. Wosnick, Karen Ann Moffat
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Patent number: 8283099Abstract: Disclosed are a biomass chemical toner composition and a method for manufacturing the same. First, a biomass resin is mixed with a first hydrophobic resin to form organic particles. The organic particles, a second hydrophobic resin, and a pigment are mixed by emulsion aggregation to form cores. Subsequently, a third hydrophobic resin is formed on the surface of the cores, and the third hydrophobic resin is further heated and coalesced to form a continuous structure encapsulating the cores. Accordingly, the biomass chemical toner obtained from the described method has good anti-humidity, good charge stability, and low fusing temperature.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 2010Date of Patent: October 9, 2012Assignee: Industrial Technology Research InstituteInventors: Kuo-Tung Huang, Ju-Feng Liao, I-Jein Cheng, Jui-Fa Chang, Yu-Chin Lin, Hsiang-Yun Lee, Yu-Ying Hsu
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Publication number: 20120251940Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a toner for electrophotography including the following (1) to (4): (1): adding an aggregating agent to a resin particle dispersion (a) so as to attain an aggregating agent concentration Ea (wt %), to thereby produce an aggregated particle dispersion (A); (2): adding a resin microparticle dispersion (b) to the dispersion (A), to thereby produce a dispersion (B) having an aggregating agent concentration Eb (wt %) satisfying 0.60?Eb/Ea<1; (3): modifying the aggregating agent concentration of the dispersion (B), to thereby produce a dispersion (C) of resin microparticle-deposited aggregated particles, having an aggregating agent concentration Ec (wt %) satisfying 0<Ec/Ea?0.30; and (4): heating the resin microparticle-deposited aggregated particles in the dispersion (C) at a temperature falling within a range between Tg and Tg+20 (0 C.) of the resin microparticles in the resin microparticle dispersion (b), to thereby coalesce the aggregated particles.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2010Publication date: October 4, 2012Applicant: KAO CorporationInventors: Manabu Suzuki, Hiroshi Mizuhata
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Patent number: 8278019Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an electrostatic charge image developing toner exhibiting reduced variation in charging amount among manufacturing lots, which is capable of generating no fog, and acquiring high density print images. Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an electrostatic charge image developing toner, possessing the step of washing toner mother particles having been formed in an aqueous medium with washing water, wherein the washing water has a total dissolution component amount of at least 0.05 mg/liter and less than 0.5 mg/liter.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 2010Date of Patent: October 2, 2012Assignee: Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Eiichi Yoshida, Kenichi Onaka
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Publication number: 20120244470Abstract: Processes for producing toners are provided. The processes include emulsion aggregation processes, whereby a reactive coalescent is utilized in the coalescence step to coalesce aggregated particles, thereby forming toner particles. The resulting toners may be highly pigmented, and may possess low melt characteristics.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 21, 2011Publication date: September 27, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Zhen Lai, Chieh-Min Cheng
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Patent number: 8273518Abstract: An electrophotographic toner which is thermally stable in storage or as an image after being fixed and exhibits a sufficiently low melt viscosity and a high fluidity when heated during fixing is disclosed, comprising a colorant and a binder resin, wherein the binder resin contains a poly-branched resin composition in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by mass. There is also disclosed a method of producing the electrophotographic toner.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 2009Date of Patent: September 25, 2012Assignee: Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Mikio Kouyama, Kenji Hayashi, Hiroaki Obata
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Publication number: 20120231391Abstract: Colored resin particles, each includes: a resin; and a colorant, wherein a value of average equivalent circle diameter A (?m) of the colored resin particles is 3?A?6, an average degree of circularity B of the colored resin particles satisfies the following expression (1), and 0.990?0.0083A?B?1.021?0.0117A??(1) a cumulative number frequency of particles which have degrees of circularity of less than 0.9 in the colored resin particles is 1% or less.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 23, 2012Publication date: September 13, 2012Applicant: FUJI XEROX CO., LTD.Inventors: Tomohito NAKAJIMA, Hiroyuki MORIYA, Hideya KATSUHARA, Seiichi TAKAGI, Kazuya HONGO
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Publication number: 20120231386Abstract: A toner composition including a colorant-polyester polymer having at least one colorant and at least one polyester resin, an optional non-colorant polyester polymer, an optional additional colorant, an optional wax, and an optional additive, where the colorant is covalently linked to some or all of the polyester resin and the polyester resin is obtained by polymerizing a lactone using an enzyme catalyst. Methods for preparing a toner composition including an emulsion aggregation process.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 9, 2011Publication date: September 13, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Santiago FAUCHER, Kimberly D. NOSELLA, Shigang S. QIU
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Patent number: 8263305Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a toner having excellent particle size distribution and storage stability. The method set forth in the present specification is a method for producing a toner by aggregating and fusing base microparticles whose main component is a binder resin including anionic groups, wherein an aggregate is produced by aggregating the base microparticles in a base microparticle suspension, in a presence of a non-ionic surfactant such that a surface tension of an aqueous solution thereof is not lower than 45 mN/m at any concentration at or above a critical micelle concentration, and the toner is produced through fusion of the aggregate. According to this method, drops in a glass transition temperature of the toner can be curbed, and the toner having excellent storage stability and good particle size distribution can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2010Date of Patent: September 11, 2012Assignee: Brother Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Jun Ikami, Masateru Kawamura, Yasutomo Imai
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Publication number: 20120225382Abstract: A method of preparing toner. Due to the use of an inorganic salt of a monovalent metal as a coagulant when toner particles are aggregated, formed toner particles have a narrow particle size distribution, low-temperature fixability, and high image quality.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 16, 2010Publication date: September 6, 2012Applicant: SAMSUNG FINE CHEMICALS CO., LTD.Inventors: Il Sun Hwang, Dae Il Hwang, Sung Yul Kim, Bo Young Kim, Dong Won Kim, Sung Soon Kim
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Patent number: 8257899Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for the preparation of unsaturated polyesters. In embodiments, a process of the present disclosure includes reacting an organic diol with a cyclic alkylene carbonate in the presence of a first catalyst to thereby form a polyalkoxy diol, optionally adding thereto a further amount of cyclic alkylene carbonate in the presence of a second catalyst, and subsequently polycondensing the resulting mixture with a dicarboxylic acid in combination with an anhydride.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2009Date of Patent: September 4, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Guerino G. Sacripante
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Publication number: 20120219895Abstract: A process is provided for preparing a polyester styrene vinyl hybrid polymer latex composition which may be used to prepare toner for use in electrographic applications by the emulsion aggregation process. The process includes preparing a polyester by polycondensation, preparing a solution of the polyester in a mixture of styrene and vinyl monomers, emulsifying the polyester/monomer solution, and polymerizing the emulsion via emulsion polymerization to yield a polyester styrene vinyl hybrid polymer latex composition. The latex affords excellent fixing when used in chemically produced toner made by the emulsion aggregation process.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 20, 2012Publication date: August 30, 2012Applicant: IMAGE POLYMERS COMPANY, LLCInventors: Francis L. CHUPKA, Akira MISAWA
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Patent number: 8252501Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing coalesced resin particles for obtaining coalesced resin particles by coalescing aggregated resin particles in a grain boundary-free state in a short period of time while keeping a grain size distribution within a narrow range. In a coalescence process, a slurry of aggregated resin particles is flowed through an inside of a pipe under predetermined heating and pressurizing conditions. In a before-cooling decompression process, a slurry of coalesced resin particles flowing through the inside of the pipe in a heat and pressure-applied state is subjected to pressure reduction before it is cooled down to a predetermined temperature in a cooling process. Then, in a decompression process, a coalesced resin particle slurry that has been cooled in the cooling process while being flowed through the inside of the pipe is decompressed to an atmospheric pressure.Type: GrantFiled: July 24, 2009Date of Patent: August 28, 2012Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Nobuhiro Maezawa, Katsuru Matsumoto
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Patent number: 8252496Abstract: A method for producing a developing agent including preparing a dispersion liquid containing first fine particles containing a binder resin and second fine particles containing a color developable compound, a color coupler, and a color eraser, and aggregating the first and second fine particles in the dispersion liquid to form aggregated particles.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 2010Date of Patent: August 28, 2012Assignee: Toshiba Tec Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takahito Kabai, Tsuyoshi Itou
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Patent number: 8247157Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for increasing the shelf life and stability of resin emulsions suitable for use in forming toner particles. In embodiments, the pH of the resin emulsion is monitored, and a base is added as needed to maintain the pH of the emulsion at from about 6.5 to about 8. Maintaining the pH at from about 6.5 to about 8 prevents the degradation of the resin in the emulsion, including its molecular weight.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 2008Date of Patent: August 21, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Kimberly D. Nosella, Enno E. Agur, Shigang Qiu, Ke Zhou
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Patent number: 8247155Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a colored toner comprising the steps of: providing a polymer composition comprising at least one polymer wherein the at least one polymer has a softening temperature from about 30° C. to about 160° C.; and a colorant; forming an aqueous mineral suspension of at least one multivalent metal phosphate by contacting a water-soluble salt of the multivalent metal with an aqueous solution comprising: a water-soluble phosphate salt; and at least one crystal growth inhibitor which controls the growth of the at least one multivalent metal phosphate, wherein the pH of the aqueous mineral suspension is from 5.5 to 14; and forming a dispersion of the polymer composition by adding the polymer composition to the aqueous mineral suspension under agitation to form a solid portion comprising dispersed particles of the polymer composition, wherein the temperature of the aqueous mineral suspension during the dispersing step is at least about 70° C.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 2009Date of Patent: August 21, 2012Assignee: Penn Color, Inc.Inventors: Choung Lai, Ronald W. Schuck, Charles B. Rybny
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Patent number: 8247156Abstract: A process for making a latex emulsion suitable for use in a toner composition includes contacting at least one crystalline polyester resin with an organic solvent and a stabilizing agent to form a resin mixture, adding a neutralizing agent, and deionized water to the resin mixture, removing the solvent from the formed latex, and continuously recovering latex particles.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 2010Date of Patent: August 21, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Valerie M. Farrugia, Kimberly D. Nosella, Rosa M. Duque
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Publication number: 20120208123Abstract: A continuous emulsion aggregation process for the production of particles is presented including a plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR). The plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors includes at least one feed tank of raw materials, at least one reactor for facilitating cold addition, at least two reactors for facilitating an aggregation process, at least one reactor for facilitating a shell addition process; at least one reactor for facilitating a freeze process, at least one reactor for facilitating a chelating process, at least one reactor for facilitating a ramp-up process and at least one reactor for facilitating a coalescence process, wherein the reactors are sequentially assembled in a series configuration and separated by short conduits to produce toner particles that are narrowly distributed.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 11, 2011Publication date: August 16, 2012Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Santiago Faucher, Kimberly D. Nosella, David Thomas Borbely, Gaetano Lavigne, Simon C. Burke
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Publication number: 20120208122Abstract: A continuous emulsion aggregation process for the production of particles is presented including a plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR). The plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors includes at least one feed tank of raw materials, at least one reactor for facilitating cold addition, at least two reactors for facilitating an aggregation process, at least one reactor for facilitating a shell addition process; at least one reactor for facilitating a freeze process, at least one reactor for facilitating a chelating process, at least one reactor for facilitating a ramp-up process and at least one reactor for facilitating a coalescence process, wherein the reactors are sequentially assembled in a series configuration and separated by short conduits to produce toner particles that are narrowly distributed.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 28, 2012Publication date: August 16, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Santiago Faucher, Kimberly Nosella, David Thomas Borbely, Gaetano Lavigne, Simon Burke
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Publication number: 20120202148Abstract: Disclosed is a toner which comprises particles comprising: (a) a core comprising: (1) a first resin; and (2) a first conductive colorant; and (b) a shell comprising: (1) a second resin; and (2) a second conductive colorant.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 4, 2011Publication date: August 9, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Richard P. N. Veregin, Kimberly D. Nosella, Cuong Vong, Abdisamed Sheik-Qasim, Melanie Davis, Suxia Yang, Majid Kamel-Kasmaei, Paul J. Gerroir
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Publication number: 20120189955Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toners. In embodiments, silica is added as a chelating agent during the toner production process contributing to enhanced triboelectric charging properties of the toner particles.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 24, 2011Publication date: July 26, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Allan K. Chen, Santiago Faucher, Shigang S. Qiu, Karen A. Moffat, Richard P.N. Veregin
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Publication number: 20120189957Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemical toner composition and a method for preparing the same. The chemical toner composition includes: a resin emulsion; a pigment dispersion; a wax dispersion; and a dispersible polymer coagulant, wherein the dispersible polymer coagulant is a copolymer comprising unsaturated ester monomers and amino-containing monomers. Accordingly, the present invention uses a novel dispersible polymer coagulant to prepare uniform toner particles with excellent roundness and improved flowability and to reduce moisture absorption.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 9, 2012Publication date: July 26, 2012Applicant: Trend Tone Imaging, Inc.Inventors: Kuei-Ying CHIU, Kuo-Tong HUANG, Ju-Feng LIAO, I-Jein CHENG, Jui-Fa CHANG, Chien-Sheng HUANG, Yi-Ling LIU
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Publication number: 20120189956Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for producing toners. In embodiments, alkyl or alkyl ether sulfates are used in a solvent-free toner production process as surfactants to provide for higher parent particle charge without adversely affecting particle size, distribution control and circularity of the toner particles. The present disclosure also provides a new formulation and process for the emulsification of polyester resins to form nano-scale particles dispersed in water (latex) without the use of organic solvents by an extrusion process.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 26, 2011Publication date: July 26, 2012Applicant: XEROX CORPORATIONInventors: Allan K. Chen, Santiago Faucher, John L. Pawlak, Joo T. Chung, Shigang S. Qiu, Michael S. Hawkins, Edward G. Zwartz, Abdisamed Sheik-Qasim, Melanie Lynn Davis
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Patent number: 8227167Abstract: The method for producing a developing agent according to the invention contains subjecting the toner material dispersion liquid to mechanical shearing to make the granular mixture into fine particles, thereby providing a dispersion liquid containing fine particles having a smaller particle diameter than a particle diameter of the granular mixture. The toner material dispersion liquid is subjected to mechanical shearing under a temperature of a glass transition point Tg of the binder resin or more and a pressure of 10 MPa or more, and the resulting dispersion liquid containing the fine particles is depressurized with two or more stages while maintaining the temperature of a glass transition point Tg of the binder resin or more and then cooled to a temperature of a glass transition point Tg of the binder resin or less.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2009Date of Patent: July 24, 2012Assignees: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba, Toshiba Tec Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tsuyoshi Itou, Takayasu Aoki, Takashi Urabe, Yasuhito Noda, Motonari Udo, Satoshi Araki, Masahiro Ikuta, Takafumi Hara, Asumi Matsumoto
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Publication number: 20120183898Abstract: A continuous emulsion aggregation process for the production of particles is presented including a plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR). The plurality of continuous stirred-tank reactors includes a first reactor and a second reactor for facilitating an aggregation process; a third reactor for facilitating a shell addition process; a fourth reactor for facilitating a freeze process; a fifth reactor for facilitating a chelating process; a sixth reactor for facilitating a ramp-up process; and a seventh reactor for facilitating a coalescence process. The reactors are sequentially assembled in a series configuration, each of the reactors cooperating with an overhead stirrer. In other embodiments, a CSTR system of the present disclosure possesses five reactors sequentially assembled in a series configuration to form toner particles.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 18, 2011Publication date: July 19, 2012Applicant: Xerox CorporationInventors: Santiago Faucher, Kimberly D. Nosella, Lai Chi So
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Patent number: 8221948Abstract: Environmentally friendly toner particles are provided which may, in embodiments, include a bio-based amorphous polyester resin, optionally in combination with another amorphous resin and/or a crystalline resin. Toner particles may, in embodiments, have a core-shell configuration, with the shell formed of the bio-based amorphous polyester resin, the amorphous polyester resin, the crystalline polyester resin, or combinations thereof.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 2009Date of Patent: July 17, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Ke Zhou, Richard P. N. Veregin, Gwynne McAneney-Lannen, Edward G. Zwartz, Maria N. V. McDougall, Guerino Sacripante, Karen A. Moffat
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Patent number: 8221954Abstract: A method of preparing a color toner by: a) preparing an anionic polymer composite emulsion comprising wax with a wax particle and nanosilica as core by in situ emulsion polymerization; b) preparing a cationic polymer composite emulsion comprising colorant with a colorant and nanosilica as core by in situ emulsion polymerization; c) agglutinating the anionic polymer composite emulsion comprising wax and the cationic polymer composite emulsion comprising colorant; and d) filtering, washing, and drying the product obtained in c). The color toner prepared by this method. The color toner has high development density, high resolution, low bottom ash, low waste rate, and low consumption, and is easy to recover and recycle.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 2010Date of Patent: July 17, 2012Assignee: Hubei Dinglong Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Xiaolin Xie, Guilin Xiao, Wenbu Li, Zeguan Lan
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Patent number: 8221953Abstract: The present disclosure provides emulsion aggregation (EA) toner particles having less pigment on the particle surface and a more uniform pigment distribution. The process of preparing the toner includes specific mixing speeds and use of specific temperatures during the emulsion aggregation process and the addition of a shell to the toner particles.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 2010Date of Patent: July 17, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Juan A. Morales-Tirado, Chieh-Min Cheng, Daniel W. Asarese, Yolanda E. Maldonado, Samir Kumar, Elias Panides, Christopher M. Wolfe
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Patent number: 8216757Abstract: There is provided a toner for electrostatic charge image development, which includes a binder resin that includes a non-crystalline polyester resin and a crystalline polyester resin, and a colorant, wherein in a measurement of an acetone-soluble fraction of the toner by gel permeation chromatography, in which W1 represents the total area of an elution curve of the acetone-soluble fraction, F(0-10) represents an eluate corresponding to from the beginning of the elution to 10% elution of W1 over time, and F(80-100) represents an eluate corresponding to from 80% elution to 100% elution of W1 over time, the amount of an aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acid-derived component of the resins contained in the eluate F(0-10) is in the range of from about 0 mol % to about 10 mol % relative to the total amount of the acid-derived components of the resins contained in the eluate F(0-10), and the amount of the aliphatic unsaturated dicarboxylic acid-derived component of the resins contained in the eluate F(80-100) is inType: GrantFiled: July 15, 2008Date of Patent: July 10, 2012Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Noriyuki Mizutani, Shinya Nakashima, Takeshi Iwanaga, Takafumi Koide, Susumu Yoshino
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Patent number: 8211611Abstract: A process for making particles is provided. In embodiments, a suitable process includes adding a rheology modifier to an emulsion utilized to form toner particles. The rheology modifier permits the use of a higher solid content in the emulsion, with a resulting higher yield of toner particles, without requiring the use of powerful mixing equipment.Type: GrantFiled: June 5, 2009Date of Patent: July 3, 2012Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Zhaoyang Ou, Zhen Lai, Christopher D. Blair, Chieh-Min Cheng