Abstract: A system for purifying mother liquid steam of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid comprises a concentration kettle (1), a defoaming pot (2), a gas-liquid separator (3) and a falling film absorption tower (4). A steam exit of the concentration kettle (1) is connected to an entrance of the defoaming pot (2). An exit of the defoaming pot (2) is connected to a feeding port of the gas-liquid separator (3). A gas exit of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected to the falling film absorption tower (4). A liquid exit of the gas-liquid separator (3) is connected to the concentration kettle (1). A method for purifying mother liquid steam of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid by using the system is further provided.

Abstract: A production process of a polymerized toner composed of polymer particles, including a step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition containing a colorant and a polymerizable monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator in an aqueous dispersion medium, wherein, in a stripping treatment step, the dispersion containing the polymer particles is introduced into an evaporator to conduct the stripping treatment by a method, in which a gas is blown into the dispersion within the evaporator to discharge volatile organic components including an unreacted polymerizable monomer out of the evaporator concomitantly with the gas, and both inert gas and saturated steam are used as the gas blown into the dispersion.

Abstract: A toner for use in developing an electrostatic latent image is provided. The toner includes a colored particulate material including at least a binder resin and a colorant; and an external additive present on a surface of the colored particulate material and including a particulate crystalline hydroxyapatite. The particulate crystalline hydroxyapatite has an average aspect ratio of not less than 3 and less than 30.

Abstract: A toner containing toner base particles and an external additive, wherein regions with different tribocharging polarities with respect to a magnetic carrier are present in a domain-matrix structure on the surface of the toner base particles. The island region B has a predetermined height, the external additive has a reverse polarity to the region B in terms of tribocharging polarity to the magnetic carrier, the external additive contains a first external additive having a number-average primary particle size of 80-150 nm and a second external additive having a number-average primary particle size of 10-60 nm, and an average coverage Cb (%) with the first external additive in the region B is 27-100% and a coverage Ca (%) with the first external additive in the sea region A is 12% or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resin emulsion being produced by neutralizing a resin binder containing acid group with a basic compound in an aqueous medium wherein the resin binder containing acid group contains a polyester produced from a raw monomer composition containing a trivalent or higher-valent polyhydric alcohol in an amount of 1 to 15 mol %; a process for producing the resin emulsion; and a toner for electrophotography using the resin emulsion. In the resin emulsion of the present invention, a resin is readily emulsified therein even when using a crosslinked polyester as the resin, and the resin emulsion is substantially free from hydrolysis of the resin and can produce a toner having an excellent heat-resistant storage property.

Abstract: A method of producing a toner comprising toner particles containing a binder resin composed of a non-crystalline polyester resin having a crosslinked structure and a crystalline polyester resin is disclosed, the method comparing steps of; a process to form an oil phase liquid by dissolving or dispersing a non-crystalline polyester resin having a polymerizable unsaturated double bond and a crystalline polyester resin in an organic solvent, a process to form an aqueous dispersion liquid of oil droplets of the oil phase liquid by dispersing the oil phase liquid in an aqueous medium, a process to form oil droplets containing the non-crystalline polyester resin having a crosslinked structure by adding a radical polymerization initiator to the aqueous dispersion liquid of oil droplets, and an organic solvent removing process to form toner particles by removing organic solvent.

Abstract: A toner in which, in a loss tangent (tan ?) curve obtained by a dynamic viscoelasticity test, the tan ? shows a maximal value ?a in the temperature region of 28.0-60.0° C., which maximal value ?a is 0.50 or more, and shows a minimal value ?b in the temperature region of 45.0-85.0° C., which minimal value ?b is 0.60 or less, where the difference between the maximal value ?a and the minimal value ?b is 0.20 or more; and, where the temperature that affords the maximal value ?a is represented by Ta (° C.) and the temperature that affords the minimal value ?b is represented by Tb (° C.), the difference between the Ta and the Tb is 5.0-45.0° C.; and the toner having, in a storage elastic modulus (G?) curve obtained by the dynamic viscoelasticity test, a value G?a of a storage elastic modulus at the Ta, of 1.00×106-5.00×107 Pa.

Abstract: Spherical-shaped liquid droplets are made by dispersing oil phase containing: a resin with an acid group, a first hydrophobic solvent effecting dissolution of the resin, a colorant, and a charge control agent which is positively charged in an aqueous dispersion medium in the presence of a base; and the liquid particles are solidified to be solid particles by removing the first solvent from the liquid droplets. The solid particles obtained in this manner are washed with a second solvent. As the second solvent, a solvent which dissolves the charge control agent and but does not dissolve the resin such as alcohol is selected. Accordingly, the charge control agent in the solid particles are made to elute to the outer surface layer of the solid particles, thereby improving the positive chargeability of the solid particles.

Abstract: A polyester resin toner binder which gives a toner with good anti-blocking property at high temperature and high humidity and good low-temperature fixing ability. The present invention is directed to a toner binder for developing electrostatic charge images, which binder comprises a condensation-polymerization polyester resin, the polyester resin being a product formed in the presence of a catalyst (a) represented by the following general formula (I): Ti(—X)m(—OR)n??(I) wherein R, X, m and n are as defined herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which exhibits an excellent heat-resistant storage property and a wide fusing temperature range, and a process for producing the toner for electrophotography.

Abstract: A toner including a colorant and a binder resin is provided. The binder resin includes a polyester resin having a glass transition temperature of 18 to 40° C., a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 100,000, and a flow beginning temperature of 70 to 120° C. The toner has a volume average particle diameter of 3 to 10 ?m.

Abstract: A method for producing a colored resin particle dispersion liquid comprises: polycondensing a polyester-forming monomer in a nonaqueous solvent to produce an unsaturated polyester; graft-polymerizing an ethylenic unsaturated monomer to the unsaturated polyester in a nonaqueous solvent to produce a modified polyester resin; and dispersing a colorant and the modified polyester resin to produce a colored resin particle dispersion liquid, the polycondensing and the graft-polymerizing being carried out at a temperature of 150° C. or less.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of manufacturing porous polymer particles comprising: forming a dispersion of porous polymer particles in an external aqueous phase, wherein individual porous particles each comprise a continuous polymer phase and internal pores containing an internal aqueous phase; and filtering the dispersion of porous polymer particles with a filter to remove the external aqueous phase, wherein the filtering is done while agitating the porous particles.

Abstract: A method of charging toner particles in a liquid toner includes mixing the toner with an acid, and mixing the toner with a base that reacts with the acid to charge the toner particles. The base is added first and the acid subsequently to charge the toner particles with a positive charge.

Abstract: The present teaching provides a method for producing a positive charging toner that can exhibit stable charge characteristics. According to the present teaching, a positive charging toner is produced by preparing a base particle suspension having a conductivity not higher than 70 ?S/cm and comprising base particles that are obtained by mixing and emulsifying an aqueous medium and a resin solution containing the polyester resin; producing toner base particles by mixing the base particle suspension with a charge control resin microparticle suspension containing charge control resin microparticles; causing the charge control resin microparticles to adhere to the surfaces of the base particles; and washing the toner base particles.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a toner which allows fixation at low temperatures, which is excellent in anti-offset ability, and which provides a high quality image at high and low humidities in a stable manner without causing any image defect over time. Provided is a toner, containing at least a binder resin and a colorant in which: the binder resin in the toner contains 60% by mass or more of a styrene/acryl resin and a THF-insoluble fraction A which is an extraction residue obtained by carrying out Soxhlet extraction with tetrahydrofuran (THF) for 16 hours; the THF-insoluble fraction A contains a TOL-insoluble fraction B which is an extraction residue obtained by carrying out Soxhlet extraction with toluene (TOL) for 16 hours; and a mass ratio (B/A) between the THF-insoluble fraction A and the TOL-insoluble fraction B is in the range of 0.1?B/A?0.5.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for incorporating a dye into latex particles via a supercritical fluid microencapsulation technique, in order to achieve improved dispersion of a colorant in the latex and an increase in color gamut.

Abstract: Toner compositions comprising low-melt toner particles and methods of preparing such toner compositions are provided. The toner particles include a polyester-containing binder, a colorant and an optional wax. The binder includes at least one crystalline polyester resin and at one amorphous acidic polyester resin.

Abstract: A toner for development of an electrostatic image includes at least a crystalline polyester resin and a colorant. The toner shows a dielectric loss index ?? of 0.1 or less at 0.1 Hz and 500 V at 30° C. and 90% RH.

Abstract: A dry toner for developing an electrostatic image, including a toner binder containing a urea-modified polyester. The toner has an average sphericity of 0.96 or more and contains no more than 30% by weight of particles having a sphericity of less than 0.95.

Abstract: Toner and a developer which are excellent in cleaning property and fixing property at low temperature, and capable of forming images with high quality are provided, along with a method for their production. A toner producing method involves dispersing and/or emulsifying an oil phase or a monomer phase containing a toner composition and/or a toner composition precursor in a water-based medium to granulate, wherein the toner has an average circularity of 0.925 to 0.970, and the toner composition and/or the toner composition precursor has a layered inorganic material in which at least a part of interlayer ions in the layered inorganic material has been exchanged with organic ions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a polymerized toner which removes a by-product microparticle generated as a by-product upon polymerization in a by-product microparticle removing step, efficiently obtains a wet colored resin particle which has low moisture content (wet cake) by decreasing clogs caused at filter element in a dewatering step, enhances a drying efficiency (shorten the drying time) in a drying step, has an excellent productivity and a printing ability.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides processes for the production of block copolymer polyester resins suitable for use in manufacturing toners. In embodiments, the copolymers include both a crystalline block and an amorphous block, which can self-assemble to form nanoparticles suitable for use in forming toners.

Abstract: An emulsion aggregation toner including an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin, wherein the toner has an acid value of from about 16 mg/eq. KOH to about 40 mg/eq. KOH and a relative humidity sensitivity ratio of from about 1 to about 2, and wherein the crystalline resin has a melting point of at least about 60° C. The process for forming particles including generating an emulsion of a polyester resin having an acid value of from about 16 mg/eq. KOH to about 40 mg/eq. KOH and generating aggregate particles from the emulsion. Increased charge maintainability and resistivity of the toner result, thereby generating high print quality and high gloss, and provide stable xerographic charging in all ambient environments.

Abstract: A production process of a polymerized toner composed of polymer particles, including a step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition containing a colorant and a polymerizable monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator in an aqueous dispersion medium, wherein, in a stripping treatment step, the dispersion containing the polymer particles is introduced into an evaporator to conduct the stripping treatment by a method, in which a gas is blown into the dispersion within the evaporator to discharge volatile organic components including an unreacted polymerizable monomer out of the evaporator concomitantly with the gas, and both inert gas and saturated steam are used as the gas blown into the dispersion.

Abstract: A toner including toner particles including a binder resin, a colorant, and an inorganic particulate material present on a surface of the toner particles. The toner particles have a surface roughness (Ra) of from 1 to 30 nm, a standard deviation of the surface roughness of from 10 to 90 nm and include 1 to 20 convexities per 1 ?m, which have a height not less than 10 nm.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearer; a charging device charging the image bearer; a light irradiating device irradiating the charged image bearer with light to form an electrostatic image; a developing device developing the electrostatic image with a developer including a toner to form a toner image on the image bearer; a transfer device transferring the toner image; and a cleaning device cleaning the image bearer, wherein the volume average particle diameter of the toner is greater than 5.0 ?m and less than 5.5 ?m, the content of toner particles having a particle diameter of not greater than 4.0 ?m is not higher than 20% by number, the ratio of the first shape factor SF-1 to the second shape factor SF-2 is from 1.00 to 1.15, and the content of toner particles having a SF-2 of not less than 115 is not less than 67.

Abstract: A method for producing a polymerized toner comprising a step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer composition in an aqueous dispersion medium in the presence of a polymerization initiator to obtain a dispersion liquid of colored polymer particles and a stripping step of injecting a gas comprised of air or an inert gas into the dispersion liquid of the colored polymer particles while stirring the dispersion liquid in an evaporator and the flow rate of the gas injected per weight of the colored polymer particles being 0.05 to 4 L/(hr·kg), the pressure of the vapor phase of the evaporator being 5 to 80 kPa.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic image development comprising a binder resin and a colorant, the toner having a content of an aluminum element with respect to carbon of approximately 0.005 atm % to approximately 0.02 atm % as measured by X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: In a process for producing toner particles through granulation by a wet process, a process for producing toner particles is provided that enables reduction of water content in wet toner particle cakes obtained by separating toner particles from a toner particle dispersion in a good efficiency, followed by washing, and enables efficient wash-away of impurities remaining on the toner particle surfaces so as to promise superior image characteristics. The toner particles are produced through a filtering step in which a slurry which contains toner particles is subjected to solid-liquid separation by means of a belt filter having a pressing aeration means which carries out aeration with pressing, to form wet toner particle cakes.

Abstract: A toner composition including toner particles including a binder resin including a modified polyester resin, and a second resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 10,000; a colorant; a release agent; and a particulate material which is present at least a surface portion of the toner particles while embedded into the surface portion, wherein the binder resin has a glass transition temperature not lower than 35° C. and lower than 55° C., and wherein the particulate material has an average particle diameter of from 0.002 to 0.2 times that of the toner particles. A developer including the toner composition and a carrier having a layer thereon which includes at least an acrylic resin and a silicone resin, and a method for fixing an image of the toner composition are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of preparing a liquid electrographic toner composition are provided, wherein a polymeric binder comprising at least one amphipathic copolymer comprising one or more S material portions and one or more D material portions is first prepared in a hydrocarbon reaction solvent, wherein the hydrocarbon reaction solvent comprises less than about 10% aromatic components by weight and has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL. Toner particles are then formulated in the hydrocarbon reaction solvent and dried. The dried toner particles are then redispersed in a carrier liquid that is different from the reaction solvent, wherein the carrier liquid comprises less than about 10% aromatic components by weight and has a Kauri-Butanol number less than about 30 mL, to form a redispersed liquid electrographic toner composition. Preferred carrier liquids are silicone oils. Products and kits are also provided.

Abstract: The invention is directed to amphipathic polymeric particles that serve as both the dispersant and the binder in water based inks, ink compositions containing these particles, and methods for making the particles. The polymeric particles contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties with a pre-determined structure, and have an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm. The amphipathic polymeric particles may be prepared by a side-chain conversion method or a polymerization process involving an ATRP step, with or without a cross-linking agent. This invention improves the stability of polymer and inks by both ionic and steric stabilization of the suspended polymer particles.

Abstract: A toner composition including toner particles including a binder resin; and a colorant, and a charge controlling agent which is at least located on a surface of the toner particles, wherein the toner composition has a spherical degree of from 0.96 to 0.99, and wherein the toner composition satisfies the relationship: 10?M/T?1,000 wherein M represents a quantity of an element on a surface of the toner particles in units of % by weight, wherein the element is included only in the charge controlling agent, and is one of elements of second to fifth periodical elements in the long form periodic table other than hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and rare gas elements; and T represents a quantity of the element in the toner composition in units of % by weight.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner for developing static charges in an aqueous system is provided which includes preparation step for a resin kneaded product, preparation step for the aqueous dispersion of a less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, preparation step for synthetic resin particles, removal step for the less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt, and separation-cleaning-drying step. At preparation step S3 for synthetic resin, an ionic material for decomposing the less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt is admixed with a mixture of the resin kneaded product and the aqueous dispersion of the less water-soluble alkaline earth metal salt.

Abstract: The invention is directed to amphipathic polymeric particles that serve as both the dispersant and the binder in water based inks, ink compositions containing these particles, and methods for making the particles. The polymeric particles contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties with a pre-determined structure, and have an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm. The amphipathic polymeric particles may be prepared by a side-chain conversion method or a polymerization process involving an ATRP step, with or without a cross-linking agent. This invention improves the stability of polymer and inks by both ionic and steric stabilization of the suspended polymer particles.

Abstract: A toner process comprised of a first heating of a mixture of an acicular magnetite dispersion, a colorant dispersion, a wax dispersion, and a core latex comprised of a first latex containing a vinyl crystalline polyester resin substantially free of crosslinking, and wherein said polyester is substantially dissolved in a vinyl monomer and polymerized to provide said first core latex resin, and which mixture contains a second crosslinked resin containing latex wherein said heating is accomplished in the presence of a coagulant to provide aggregates; adding a shell latex comprised of a polymer substantially free of crosslinking, and further heating said aggregates to provide coalesced toner particles, and wherein said further heating is at a higher temperature than said first heating.

Abstract: A toner manufacturing process capable of providing a toner with uniform charge amounts. A mixture of a synthetic resin having an acidic leaving group and a coloring agent as essential components is emulsified in an aqueous solution to produce synthetic resin particles containing the coloring agent. If desired, the resin particles are further aggregated to form aggregated resin particles. The synthetic resin particles are then separated, washed and dried. The washing of the toner particles is conducted using a washing water prepared by dissolving carbon dioxide in water with a conductivity of not more than 20 ?S/cm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a toner with adjusted particle size distribution having a step of preparing colored particles that contain a binder resin and a colorant, and a step of classifying the colored particles. In the classification step, a classifier that has a plurality of vane-wheel classifying rotors coaxially in a casing, enables the rotating speed of each classifying rotor to be set to be the same as or different from each other, and can simultaneously perform a plurality of stages of classification corresponding to each classifying rotor is used; and the powder material comprising colored particles to which a fluidizing agent is added is fed to the classifier to perform classification.

Abstract: Toner is rounded by vigorously mixing less than about 5 percent by weight of particulate silica to the total weight of a starting toner in a closed, recirculating air system. The starting toner contains at least about 4.5 percent by weight of the starting toner of a wax and additionally contains at least 5 percent by weight of the starting toner of a softening agent. The temperature during the mixing is no more than 13 degrees C. above the onset of the glass transition temperature of the starting toner. The final toner comprises rounded starting toner having particulate silica embedded during the mixing process.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, including a colorant, a binder resin comprising a modified polyester, and fine resin particles having a weight average particle diameter of 50 to 300 nm and being present on an outer surface of the toner, wherein the toner has a BET specific surface area of 1.5 to 4.0 m2/g.

Abstract: Toner particles including a binder resin; a colorant; and a particulate resin which is present at least on a surface of the toner particles and which has a glass transition temperature of form 50 to 90° C., wherein a ratio (Dv/Dn) of a volume average particle diameter (Dv) of the toner particles to a number average particle diameter (Dn) thereof is from 1.00 to 1.40 and the surface of the toner particles is covered with the particulate resin at a covering ratio of from 1 to 90 %. A method for manufacturing the toner particles is provided. A developer including a toner including the toner particles is provided. A developing method using a toner including the toner particles is provided. A toner container containing the toner particles is provided.

Abstract: A toner production process comprising the step of polymerizing a polymerizable monomer in the presence of (i) base particles containing at least a binder resin and (ii) a polymerization initiator. The polymerization initiator has in one molecule a hydrophilic moiety and a hydrophobic moiety and a reactive moiety between them, and the base particles are enlarged and/or surface-modified upon polymerization of the polymerizable monomer. Also disclosed is a toner having a circularity of from 0.92 to 1.0, which is produced by this process.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion polymerized color toner for developing latent electrostatic images includes polymerization of a macromer in a liquid organic medium in which the macromer or the resulting polymer resin is not soluble. The liquid organic medium comprises a polymeric dispersion stabilizer. A macromer mixture comprising macromer, a colorant and a charge control agent may be polymerized in the dispersed state to produce the toner. Alternatively, the macromer is polymerized in the dispersed state to produce a particulate polymer resin. The particulate polymer resin formed is a functionalized resin having sites suitable for interacting with functionalized dyes that have complementary functionality. The functionalized dye is then applied to the resin particles typically with a dyeing aid, or surfactant. Toners produced by the inventive processes are substantially free of contamination by the liquid organic medium used during dispersion polymerization and/or dispersion dyeing.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion polymerized color toner for developing latent electrostatic images includes polymerization of a macromer in a liquid organic medium in which the macromer or the resulting polymer resin is not soluble. The liquid organic medium comprises a polymeric dispersion stabilizer. A macromer mixture comprising macromer, a colorant and a charge control agent may be polymerized in the dispersed state to produce the toner. Alternatively, the macromer is polymerized in the dispersed state to produce a particulate polymer resin. The particulate polymer resin formed is a functionalized resin having sites suitable for interacting with functionalized dyes that have complementary functionality. The functionalized dye is then applied to the resin particles typically with a dyeing aid, or surfactant. Toners produced by the inventive processes are substantially free of is contamination by the liquid organic medium used during dispersion polymerization and/or dispersion dyeing.

Abstract: A toner for electrophotography is disclosed. The resin binder is obtained by fusing fine resin particles comprising a crystalline material and amorphous polymer in a water-based medium. The crystalline material preferably has a melting point of 60 to 130° C., a number average molecular weight of 1,500 to 15,000, and a melt viscosity at the melting point +20° C. of not more than 100 Pa·s, and the amorphous polymer is preferably composed of a radically polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion dyed color toner for developing latent electrostatic images includes dyeing a particulate polymer resin in organic medium in which the resin is not soluble. The resin is a functionalized resin having sites suitable for interacting with functionalized dyes have corresponding functionality. The functionalized dye is applied to the resin particles typically with a dyeing aid, or surfactant. The particle size distribution of the polymer resin is substantially unchanged during the toner preparation process.

Abstract: A process for preparing a dispersion polymerized color toner for developing latent electrostatic images includes polymerization of a macromer in a liquid organic medium in which the macromer or the resulting polymer resin is not soluble. The liquid organic medium comprises a polymeric dispersion stabilizer. A macromer mixture comprising macromer, a colorant and a charge control agent may be polymerized in the dispersed state to produce the toner. Alternatively, the macromer is polymerized in the dispersed state to produce a particulate polymer resin. The particulate polymer resin formed is a functionalized resin having sites suitable for interacting with functionalized dyes that have complementary functionality. The functionalized dye is then applied to the resin particles typically with a dyeing aid, or surfactant. Toners produced by the inventive processes are substantially free of contamination by the liquid organic medium used during dispersion polymerization and/or dispersion dyeing.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner comprising mixing a colorant, a latex, and a polyamine followed by aggregation and coalescence, and wherein said process is accomplished in the presence of an oxidizing agent.