Abstract: A photocatalytic composition is disclosed that includes a silver halide in combination with one or more rare earth elements. The composition may be used for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants.

Abstract: Hydrofluoroalkanesulfonates of the general formula R—O—CXH—CX2—SO3M, where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, functionalized alkyl groups, and alkenyl groups; X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and fluorine with the proviso that at least one X is fluorine; and M is a cation, are made by reacting fluorovinyl ether with aqueous sulfite solution. Organic onium hydrofluoroalkanesulfonates are useful as ionic liquids and photoacid generators.

Abstract: In a lithographic apparatus, a feedforward transfer function of a control system is determined by: a) iteratively learning a feedforward output signal of the control system by iterative learning control for a given setpoint signal; b) determining a relation between the learned feedforward output signal and the setpoint signal; and c) applying the relation as the feedforward transfer function of the control system. A learned feedforward, which has been learned for one or more specific setpoint signals only, can be adapted to provide a setpoint signal dependent feedforward output signal. The learned feedforward can be made more robust against setpoint variations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for developing an exposed high contrast photographic silver halide material, said photographic material comprising a support bearing at least one silver halide emulsion layer, containing at least one hydrazide nucleating agent. According to the invention, the nucleating agent has the formula (I) and the photographic material is developed in a hydroquinone-free developer, comprising a main developing agent of the ascorbic acid or ascorbic acid salt type, and as auxiliary developing agent a mixture of 3-pyrazolidones of which at least one has the formula (II): wherein at least one of the radicals R3 to R9 contains a solubilizing group. This combination enables photographic materials with ultrahigh contrast to be obtained.

Abstract: Photothermally sensitive recording sheets for color imaging are disclosed comprising a transparent support sheet having a thermal slip layer disposed on one surface of the support and a heat sensitive image layer on the opposite surface of the support. A second opaque (paper) or transparent (plastic) sheet is laminated to the color-producing layer. The image layer comprises photohardenable microcapsules containing a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinkable compound, a photoinitiator and a dye precursor and a developer material external to the microcapsules. Image-wise exposure of the recording sheet to actinic radiation causes selective photohardening of microcapsules sensitive to that radiation. Heating the resultant exposed recording sheet to a temperature well above the developer melting point by for example a thermal head allows the developer to selectively permeate the non-photohardened capsules resulting in the development of an image, including full color images.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ultrahigh contrast photographic material comprising a support bearing a silver halide emulsion layer, containing a combination of two or more hydrazide nucleating agents in the emulsion layer and/or a hydrophilic colloid layer, characterized in that the combination comprises a nucleating agent(s) of formulae (I) and/or (I) with a nucleator of formula (III), in which the nucleating agent of formula (I) comprises (a) two nicotinamide moieties, which may be the same or different, which are linked by a linking group, and (b) a hydrazide moiety linked to only one of those nicotinamide moieties; the nucleating agent of formula (II) comprises a dimeric molecule comprising two monomers linked by a linking group, each monomer of which (a) may be the same or different and (b) comprises a hydrazide moiety and a nicotinamide moiety; and the nucleating agent of formula (III) comprises an aryl sulfonamido aryl hydrazide.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material comprises a support and a silver halide gelatin emulsion layer. The silver halide gelatin emulsion layer or an optionally provided hydrophilic layer contains a tanning developing agent. According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the tanning developing agent has a molecular structure in which two to six benzenediol or benzenetriol rings are connected with a linking group. According to the second embodiment of the invention, the tanning developing agent consists of a polymer having side chains containing benzenediol or benzenetriol rings. According to the third embodiment of the invention, the tanning developing agent consists of a benzenediol or benzenetriol ring having an aliphatic substituent group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms or an aromatic substituent group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms. A tanning developing solution and a lithographic printing plate are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of processing a silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising on a support a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the light-sensitive layer contains a spectral-sensitizing dye represented by formula (1-a); a developer solution contains a developing agent represented by formula (A); and the replenishing rate of a processing solution is determined based on the proportion of an exposed area per unit area of the photographic material to perform replenishment.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support, a silver halide emulsion layer provided on the support and a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a step of developing the photographic light-sensitive material with a developing solution containing an ascorbic acid compound as a developing agent, wherein the photographic material contains an amine compound in at least one of the silver halide emulsion layer and the hydrophilic colloid layer and an nucleating agent within a range of 0 to 20 mg per 1 m2 of the photographic light-sensitive material, and wherein the amine compound has a distribution coefficient (log P) of 1 or more in a n-octanol/water system.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material comprises a support and a silver halide gelatin emulsion layer. The silver halide gelatin emulsion layer or an optionally provided hydrophilic layer contains a tanning developing agent. According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the tanning developing agent has a molecular structure in which two to six benzenediol or benzenetriol rings are connected with a linking group. According to the second embodiment of the invention, the tanning developing agent consists of a polymer having side chains containing benzenediol or benzenetriol rings. According to the third embodiment of the invention, the tanning developing agent consists of a benzenediol or benzenetriol ring having an aliphatic substituent group having 5 to 40 carbon atoms or an aromatic substituent group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms. A tanning developing solution and a lithographic printing plate are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ultrahigh contrast photographic material comprising a support bearing a silver halide emulsion layer, containing a hydrazide nucleating agent in the emulsion layer or a hydrophilic colloid layer, characterized in that the nucleating agent is a dimeric molecule comprising two monomers linked by a linking group, each monomer of which (a) may be the same or different and (b) comprises an acylhydrazide moiety and a nicotinamide moiety in combination, the material providing unexpectedly good nucleation in the absence of, or with reduced amounts of, booster and in a developer whose pH is variable, and further with lower chemical spread and pepper fog.

Abstract: A process to make ultrahigh contrast photographic negative images is disclosed. In known processes, particularly those using hydrazine compounds, developer solutions to increase contrast contain high concentrations of amino compounds that are volatile, have an annoying, unwholesome odor, and corrode the development machines. If development is conducted in the presence of onium compounds having both quaternary nitrogen and tertiary amine functions in the molecule, the process can operate with odor-free developers that do not release corrosive vapors. The invention can be used in reprography for steps preliminary to printing.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein at least one of the silver halide emulsion layer and other hydrophilic colloid layers comprises at least one hydrazine compound represented by the following general formula (II) in the form of fine solid dispersion:A--(B).sub.m (II)wherein A represents a connecting group; B represents a group represented by the following general formula (III); and m represents an integer of from 2 to 6:--(L.sub.2 --Ar.sub.2).sub.n --L.sub.1 --Ar.sub.1 --NHNH--G.sub.1 --R.sub.1(III)wherein Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 each represents an aromatic group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 each represents a connecting group; n represents an integer of 0 or 1; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an amino group or a hydrazino group; and G.sub.1 represents a --CO-- group, an --SO.sub.

Abstract: Nucleating agents that promote high contrast in photographic films are disclosed. The nucleating agents are aryl sulfonamido hydrazides having pyridinium, phosphonium or cycloalkenylpyridinium functional groups. The nucleating agents increase the speed and contrast of graphic arts films and improve dot quality in halftone applications. Boosters are not required to obtain good dot quality and photographic speed.

Abstract: A method of processing a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, comprising a support having on one side of the support a silver halide emulsion layer and, on both sides, a hydrophilic colloid layers, the processing method comprising the steps of developing an exposed photographic material, fixing, and washing or stabilizing, wherein at least one layer of the emulsion side contains a compound represented by the following formula; and the layer(s) of each side having a processing water content of 0.5 to 7.0 g per m.sup.

Abstract: A direct drawing lithographic printing plate precursor suitable for offset printing, capable of providing prints having a clear image with no stains, which comprise a layer containing a binding resin and a zinc oxide powder having a phytic group.

Abstract: A hydrophobic synthetic resin is used to partially or completely replace the hydrophilic colloid conventionally used in silver halide emulsions to obtain a radiation sensitive composition useful in the manufacture of radiation sensitive plates for use in printing plate production by image-wise exposure, tanning development, and washing. The synthetic resin includes a plurality of primary amino groups and optionally acidic groups and is soluble in aqueous or semi-aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: A method for forming a silver halide photographic image comprising developing a silver halide photographic material with a developing solution containing an ascorbic acid developing agent, substantially free from hydroquinone and having a pH of 8.5 to 11.0, the silver halide photographic material comprising a support formed of a syndiotactic styrenic polymer and a silver halide emulsion layer formed on at least one surface thereof, the emulsion layer or another hydrophilic colloidal layer containing a hydrazine derivative, and the total amount of gelatin of the emulsion layer being 2.5 g/m.sup.2 or less, thereby reducing black spot fog and improving dimensional stability of the photographic material.

Abstract: A process for forming a black-and-white high contrast negative photographic silver image by development of a silver halide photographic element with an aqueous alkaline photographic developer composition comprising a dihydroxybenzene developing agent, an auxiliary superadditive developing agent, an antifogging agent, an antioxidant compound, a combination of buffering agents and a sequestering agent, characterized by the fact that: a) the auxiliary developing agent is an aminophenol compound, b) the combination of buffering agents comprises at least a first buffering agent represented by carbonate compounds and at least a second buffering agent represented by phosphate compounds, the total amount of said first buffering agent and said second buffering agent being at least 35 grams per liter, band c) the pH of said aqueous alkaline photographic developer composition is in the range 9.0 to 11.0.

Abstract: A reducer containing a ferric chelate compound of an amino compound and further containing an reduction accelerator and/or a complex-forming agent and a dye. ##STR1## wherein A.sub.41, A.sub.42 and A.sub.43 each individually represents a carboxyl group, a phosphono group, a sulfo group or a hydroxyl group; L.sub.41 and L.sub.42 each individually represents a divalent coupling group containing an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group or combinations thereof; R.sub.41 represents a substituent; and a represents 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4. The reducer is superior in the rate of reduction, reducibility and reduction working properties and so stable that no precipitate will separate out with time. Also disclosed is a silver image reducing method wherein a silver image formed by exposing and developing a silver halide photosensitive material is reduced in the presence of the above-described reducer. The reducer and the reducing method are suitable for application to high-contrast photosensitive materials.

Abstract: A method of processing, by use of an automatic processor, a black-and-white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material containing a hydrazine compound and a redox compound capable of releasing an inhibitor upon oxidation, wherein a developer is replenished by a developer replenisher at a rate of not more than 200 ml per m.sup.2 of the photographic material, and the developer has a pH of 9.5 to 10.8. The developer further contains a compound represented by the following formulas [1], [2] or [3].

Abstract: A process for processing a black-and-white silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, the material comprising a photographic component layer containing a hydrazine compound, and the process comprising the step of exposing the light-sensitive material, and developing the exposed material with developer having a pH of not more than 10.7, the developer being prepared from a solid developing composition and the developer being replenished with developer replenisher in an amount of not more than 250 cc per m.sup.2 of the light-sensitive material to be developed.

Abstract: An alkaline, aqueous black-and-white photographic developer and developing method. The developer includes hydroquinone developing agent, auxiliary developing agent, dialdehyde hardener, organic antifoggant, sulfite antioxidant, buffer, and sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of oligomeric carboxylic acid substituted hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method for forming an image provides high sensitivity, high contrast, and reduced fluctuation in performance due to the deterioration of processing solutions. The method comprises processing a silver halide photographic material having on a support at least two silver halide emulsion layers having different sensitivities, with the emulsion layer closer to the support having a higher sensitivity, in a developing solution containing a di- or trihydroxybenzene compound and a 3-pyrazolidone compound or a developing solution containing a di- or trihydroxybenzene compound and an aminophenol compound in the absence of a hydrazine compound, wherein a characteristic curve obtained has a gradient (a .gamma. value) of 6.0 or more in the segment of the curve from D=0.1 to D=3.0 where D is the density.

Abstract: The present invention provides a developer for silver halide photographic light-sensitive materials which provides super-high contrast and is improved in stability with time. This developer contains at least (1) a developing agent, (2) 10 g/l or more of a hydroquinonemonosulfonate, (3) 0.3 mol/l or more of a sulfite and (4) an amino compound in an amount necessary to accelerate enhancement of contrast and has a pH of 10.5-12.3.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed. The photographic material comprises a support having coated thereon one or more hydrophilic colloidal layers, at least one of the hydrophilic colloidal layers being a negative working silver halide emulsion layer, wherein said silver halide emulsion layer or another hydrophilic colloidal layer contains a water-soluble polymer or copolymer having a quaternary ammonium salt in a repeating unit. The process for forming a high contrast negative image using the photographic material is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for offset and similar printing from a continuous tone original to produce a halftone image on a photosensitive layer comprising means for screening the information via a first array of parallely extending lines of effective minimum optical density and a second array of parallely extending lines of effective maximum optical density, the arrays being interposed to form a composite array of substantially parallel, spaced-apart, alternating lines of effective maximum and minimum optical density, the lines delimiting therebetween zones of effective graduated optical density, the gradient inside each zone progressively varying from low optical density adjacent lines of the first array to high optical density adjacent lines of the second array, the spacing of lines of the first array being between about 100 and 400 lines per inch and wherein the resulting thickness of each reproduced line on a resulting developed photosensitive layer, generated by screening the information via the ar

Abstract: A method for forming an image comprising the steps of: (a) imagewise exposing silver halide photographic materials; where said photographic material contains (1) a compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an amino group, a carbamoyl group, or an oxycarbonyl group; G.sub.1 represents a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group, ##STR2## or an iminomethylene group; and A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 both represent a hydrogen atom, or one of A.sub.1 or A.sub.

Abstract: A method for the production of a silver image with improved contrast by the development of an image-wise exposed photographic silver halide emulsion layer material with a developer liquid containing a hydroquinone in the presence of an auxiliary developing agent, wherein said developer liquid is applied to said photographic material containing silver halide grains that have been chemically sensitized with organic thiosulphonic acid anions in combination with a gold sensitizer in the absence of thiosulphate ions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel silver halide photographic material which comprises at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on a support. The light-sensitive layer or another hydrophilic colloidal layer contains a compound represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein X represents a hydroxy, amino or sulfonamide group; A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkylsulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group or an acyl group, with the proviso that at least one of A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom; G.sub.1 represents --CO--, --COCO--, --CS--, --C(.dbd.NG.sub.2 R.sub.3)--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 -- or --P(O)(G.sub.2 R.sub.3)--; G.sub.2 represents a mere bond, --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sub.3)--; R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a sulfonamide group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group or an alkyl group; L represents a divalent linking group; n represents an integer 0 or 1; R.sub.

Abstract: A non-electroscopic prolonged tack toner for transferring toned images to an image receptor at low temperatures with improved back transfer characteristics.

Abstract: A method for high contrast development of an image-wise exposed photographic element comprising a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer, which method comprises contacting said exposed element in the presence of a hydrazine compound with an aqueous alkaline developing solution which has a pH between 10 and 13 and contains a dihydroxybenzene developing agent a 3-pyrazolidinone or an aminophenol developing agent sulphite ions and a contrast promoting amount of an amino compound characterized in that said developing solution further contains an aprotic solvent corresponding to general formula (I) or (II) : ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkylamino or substituted alkylamino, andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each independently represent alkyl substituted alkyl orwherein R.sub.1 together with R.sub.2 represent the necessary atoms to form together with the carbon and the nitrogen atom respectively to which they are attached, a heterocyclic ring, and R.sub.

Abstract: A method of forming a black-and-white image of very high contrast having a gamma value of 8 or above is disclosed, using a negative imagewise exposed photosensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one hydrophilic colloid layer, at least one layer which is a silver halide emulsion layer, at least one of said hydrophilic colloid layer containing a hydrazine derivative represented by formula (I), comprising processing the photosensitive material with a developer having a pH of 11.2 or lower, said developer being substantially free from benzotriazoles to thereby provide a wide exposure latitude and steady image formability: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an amino group, a carbamoyl group or an oxycarbonyl group; G.sub.1 represents a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group, ##STR2## or an iminomethylene group; and each of A.sub.1 and A.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for making a lithographic printing plate having high sensitivity and high printing endurance by scanner-exposing which comprises subjecting a photographic photosensitive material comprising a support and, provided thereon, an unfogged internal latent image type silver halide emulsion layer to scanner-exposing, subjecting the exposed photosensitive material to non-tanning development in the presence of a nucleating agent, and then subjecting the silver halide portion of the emulsion layer to an oleophilizing treatment.

Abstract: An image forming method for forming a black-and-white image with a gamma value of at least 8 is disclosed, which comprises processing an imagewise expsed negative type photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support, and containing a hydrazine derivative represented by formula (I) in the emulsion layer or in another hydrophilic colloid layer on the support, with a developer having a pH of 11.2 or less, wherein the silver halide grains are octahedral or tetradecahedral grains: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an aliphatic or aromatic group, R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an amino group, a carbamoyl group or an oxycarbonyl group, G.sub.1 represents a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group ##STR2## group, or an iminomethylene group, and A.sub.1 and A.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for making a lithographic printing plate utilizing silver image as ink receptive area which is markedly improved especially in printing endurance. The process comprises subjecting a light-sensitive material for lithographic printing plate to imagewise exposure and development and then treating the resulting silver image with an oxidizing agent and a monocyclic compound comprising a nitrogen-containing single ring and having substituents on at least two atoms constituting said ring, said substituents being capable of reacting with silver ion. The oxidizing agent and the monocyclic compound may be contained separately or together in a stop solution, a fixing solution, an etch solution or damping solution or especially prepared solution.

Abstract: A negative type silver halide photographic material is disclosed. The material comprises a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver halide grains sensitized with gold and sulfur sensitizers, the emulsion layer or at least one other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one high contrast-imparting hydrazine derivative and at least one compound represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z represents N or C--X wherein X represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, Y represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl group, and M represents a hydrogen atom, a metallic atom, or ammonium which may be substituted.

Abstract: A method for processing an image-wise exposed silver halide photographic material is disclosed, which comprises developing said exposed silver halide photographic material in the presence of a hydrazine derivative, wherein the processing is effected with a water-soluble alkaline developing solution having a pH of 10.5 to 12.3 and containing the following components (1) to (3):(1) a dihydroxybenzene developing agent;(2) a sulfite preservative in an amount of 0.3 mol/l or more; and(3) a compound represented by formula (X) in an amount of from 0.005 to 0.30 mol/l: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydroxylalkyl group having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms, and in a preferred embodiment, using as a developing agent a dihydroxybenzene developing agent and, as an auxiliary developing agent, a p-aminophenol developing agent, a 3-pyrazolidone developing agent or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method of preparing a color proof from a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material and a black-and-white halftone dot image is disclosed, wherein said light-sensitive material has on a support the photographic component layers including silver halide emulsion layers each having different spectral sensitivities, and one of said silver halide emulsion layers comprises a magenta coupler represented by Formula M-I; ##STR1## wherein Z represents a group of non-metal atoms necessary to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring including a substituted one; X represents one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a group capable of splitting off upon a reaction with an oxidized product of a developer; and R represents one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and a substituent.

Abstract: A high-contract development process is disclosed, which comprises developing a silver halide photographic material containing at least a hydrazine derivative with a developer having a pH of from 10.0 to 12.3 and containing(a) a dihydroxybenzene developing agent,(b) at least 0.3 mol/liter of a sulfite, and(c) at least one of compounds represented by formulae (I-1), (I-2), (I-3) or I-4); ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 each represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group, provided that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, or R.sub.3 R.sub.4 may combine with each other to form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring; and A and D each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, and R.sub.9 =each represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group, provided that R.sub.6 and R.sub.7, or R.sub.8 and R.sub.

Abstract: A method for making a color proof in a photo-mechanical process. The method comprises a step for exposing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material to light through a black-and-white halftone dot image, and a step for developing said silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material with a color developer. The photographic material is comprised of at least three silver halide emulsion layers which are different from each other in spectral sensitivity thereof, and at least one of these silver halide emulsion layers contains a specific yellow coupler and the color developer contains a specific color developing agent. A halftone color image having a color tone similar to that of image printed with printing inks can be obtained by the simplified process.

Abstract: An image forming method suitable for forming a color proof is disclosed. The method comprises (1) a step for exposing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material, which is comprised of a support having thereon photographic component layers including a yellow image-forming blue-sensitive, a magenta image forming green-sensitive and a cyan image-forming red-sensitive emulsion layer, to light through a transparent black-and-white halftone image and (2) a step for processing the exposed light-sensitive material to form a color image, wherein the photographic component layers contain a yellow water-soluble dye, a magenta water-soluble dye and a cyan water-soluble dyes and reflective densities of the silver halide color photographic material measured with light of 450 nm, 550 nm and 700 nm are each not less than 0.8, and toe portion gradations of characteristic curves of yellow, magenta and cyan images formed in the light-sensitive material by the processing are each not less than 1.

Abstract: A processing method for silver halide photographic material is disclosed, which stably provides images having high contrast and high dot quality with little degradation in sensitivity by rapid processing.

Abstract: An image-forming process which comprises after imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer composed of silver halide grains containing at least 1.times.10.sup.-6 mol of a rhodium salt per mol of silver and having a mean grain size of not larger than 0.15 .mu.m with a developer meeting the following conditions (a) to (d);(a) the developer substantially contains dihydroxybenzene only as the developing agent,(b) the developer contains at least 0.18 mol/liter of a free sulfite,(c) pH thereof is at least 10.5, and(d) the developer contains at least 20 mg/liter of a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a nitro group and X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for forming a high contrast negative image comprising the steps of:(a) imagewise exposing a silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, said emulsion layer or other hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one hydrazine derivative; and(b) developing said exposed silver halide photographic material in an developer solution containing:(1) a dihydroxybenzene developing agent;(2) at least one auxiliary developing agent selected from a 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone auxiliary developing agent and a p-aminophenol auxiliary developing agent;(3) at least 0.3 mol per liter of a sulfite; and(4) at least one compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Y represents a group capable of adsorbing to silver halide; A represents a divalent linking group; B represents an amino group, an ammonium group or a nitrogen containing heterocyclic group; m is 1, 2 or 3; and n is 0 or 1; to form a high contrast negative image.

Abstract: A negative silver halide photographic material composed of a support having thereon at least one chemically sensitized silver halide emulsion layer at least one hydraophilic colloidal layer containing a hydrazine derivative and a compound having substantially all absorption maxima outside the visible light region represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.11 and Z.sup.12 each represents a non-metallic atomic group necessary for completing a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring selected from benzoxazole, benzothiazole, benzoselenazole, naphthoxazole, naphthothiazole, naphthoselenazole, thiazole, thiazoline, oxazole, selsnazole, selsnazoline, pyridine, benzimidazole, and quinoline; R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, provided that at least one of them is substituted with an acid radical; X represents a counter ion necessary for charge balance; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: This invention is a process of quickly forming high contrast negative images, which are useful for photomechanical process, by development-processing a silver halide photographic material containing a hydrazine derivative in at least one of silver halide emulsion layer(s) and other hydrophilic colloid layer(s) after imagewise exposure in the existence of a compound represented by general formula (A); ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, or a heterocyclic ring residue, these groups may have a substituent; m represents an integer; L represents an m-valent organic group bonded to the P atom through a carbon atom; n represents an integer of 1 to 3; and X represents an n-valent anion; said X may be bonded to L; using a stable processing solution.

Abstract: An image is formed by imagewise exposing a silver halide light-sensitive material comprising at least a silver halide and a contrast enhancing agent, and producing the exposed material with a developer solution or aqueous activator solution in the presence of a substantially water-insoluble metal compound such as zinc hydroxide and a complexing compound such as guanidine picolinate.

Abstract: An image-forming process for silver halide photographic material is disclosed, in which the photosensitive material have at least one silver halide emulsion layer on a support and contains a hydrzaine compound in the emulsion layer or other constitutional layers. The image-forming process comprises developing the photographic material containing the hydrozine compound of formula (I) with the developing agent of formula (II).

Abstract: A method of processing with a developer a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material is disclosed, the material comprising a support and provided thereon, a silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver halide grains having not less than 90 mol % chloride, the emulsion layer or a hydrophilic colloid layer adjacent to the emulsion layer containing a tetrazolium compound, or a hydrazine derivative, and replenisher for developer being supplied to the developer in an amount of not more than 200 ml per m.sup.2 of the material processed, wherein the developer contains a carbonate salt in an amount of not less than 0.2 mol/liter.