Abstract: Techniques for implementing organic materials in sunscreen applications are provided herein. A method includes selecting a combination of multiple organic materials to incorporate into a sunscreen composition, wherein said selecting is based on (i) a desired absorption spectrum of the sunscreen composition, (ii) the absorption spectrum of each of the multiple organic materials, and (iii) a particle size limitation for each of the multiple organic materials, and incorporating the selected combination of organic materials into the sunscreen composition to generate the desired absorption spectrum. A composition includes a combination of multiple organic materials incorporated into a sunscreen composition, wherein the combination of organic materials is selected based on (i) a desired absorption spectrum of the sunscreen composition, (ii) the absorption spectrum of each of the multiple organic materials, and (iii) a particle size limitation for each of the multiple organic materials.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polymeric article including a polymeric material capable of exhibiting electrical conductivity; the polymeric material being rendered electrically conductive by treatment with a viologen salt.

Abstract: A rotatable electrical connector has a pair of wiring boards. Each wiring board supports two (or more) concentric conductors that have substantially smooth coplanar surfaces. The coplanar surfaces of the concentric conductors on each wiring board define a contact plane. To provide electrical contact between the two wiring boards, each wiring board is positioned perpendicular to an axis of rotation and is supported so that the respective contact planes of the first and second wiring boards are parallel. A resilient member, such as a spring, urges the wiring boards together to establish electrical contact between the respective surfaces of corresponding conductors on the two wiring boards. The above-described wiring boards are included in a circuit module that also includes a printed circuit board, or other electrical component, sandwiched between a pair of the wiring boards.

Abstract: A rotatable electrical connector has a pair of wiring boards. Each wiring board supports two (or more) concentric conductors that have substantially smooth coplanar surfaces. The coplanar surfaces of the concentric conductors on each wiring board define a contact plane. To provide electrical contact between the two wiring boards, each wiring board is positioned perpendicular to an axis of rotation and is supported so that the respective contact planes of the first and second wiring boards are parallel. A resilient member, such as a spring, urges the wiring boards together to establish electrical contact between the respective surfaces of corresponding conductors on the two wiring boards. The above-described wiring boards are included in a circuit module that also includes a printed circuit board, or other electrical component, sandwiched between a pair of the wiring boards.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus forms an image by applying a control electric field having a polarity corresponding to recording information, to a recording medium having microcapsules including chargeable particles dispersed in a dispersion medium. The image-forming apparatus includes an alternating electric field-applying unit for applying an alternating electric field to the microcapsules. The alternating electric field is applied to the microcapsules of the recording medium before the image formed on the recording medium is rewritten. Accordingly, the chargeable particles are separated from the wall surfaces of the microcapsules and from the other chargeable particles, making it possible for the chargeable particles to perform free electrophoresis. The recording medium is initialized to improve the response performance with respect to the control electric field for forming a new image. The recording density is increased, and the blur is reduced.

Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography, wherein the charge-generating agent comprises a P-type charge-generating pigment and an N-type charge-generating pigment in combination, at least part of these pigments being present in the form of aggregates in the photosensitive layer. The photosensitive material will assume the form of either a single dispersion type or a laminated layer type, and exhibits very high carrier generation efficiency, strikingly improved sensitivity on the side of long wavelengths, excellent balance in the spectral sensitivity and property after repetitively used, and can hence be effectively used for forming image by the electrophotography.

Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography, wherein the charge-generating agent comprises a P-type charge-generating pigment and an N-type charge-generating pigment in combination, at least part of these pigments being present in the form of aggregates in the photosensitive layer. The photosensitive material will assume the form of either a single dispersion type or a laminated layer type, and exhibits very high carrier generation efficiency, strikingly improved sensitivity on the side of long wavelengths, excellent balance in the spectral sensitivity and property after repetitively used, and can hence be effectively used for forming image by the electrophotography.

Abstract: An electrophotographic light-sensitive material which has improved electrostatic characteristics and image forming performance and is excellent particularly in reproducibility of highly accurate image using a liquid developer and image forming performance upon a scanning exposure system using a laser beam of a low power.The electrophotographic light-sensitive material contains, as a binder resin, at least one resin (A) which has a weight average molecular weight of from 1.times.10.sup.3 to 2.times.10.sup.4 and contains not less than 30% by weight of a polymer component of the formula (I) and from 0.5 to 15% by weight of a specified polar group-containing polymer component and at least one resin (B) which is a starlike polymer having a weight average molecular weight of from 3.times.10.sup.4 to 1.times.10.sup.6 and comprising an organic molecule having bonded thereto at least three polymer chains each containing a polymer component containing a specified polar group and a polymer component of the formula (I).

Abstract: Disclosed is electrophotolithographic plate precursor having on a conductive support at least one photoconductive layer containing at least a random copolymer binder resin (P) (i) having a weight average molecular weight of from 5.times.10.sup.4 to 5.times.10.sup.5, (ii) comprising (a) a polymer component comprising particular methacrylate or acrylate monomers, (b) a polymer component containing at least one particular polar group and (c) a polymer component having a Fedors' solution parameter of 9.0 or more and containing at least a particular aprotic polar group, and (iii) having at least a particular polar group at one end of the main chain of the copolymer. The plate precursor may be etched with a combination of an etchant and a wetting water both having no problem in the environmental sanitation, to be formed into an offset printing plate not generating background staining. The printing plate has high printing durability and has excellent rubbing resistance.

Abstract: An electrophotographic light-sensitive material which has improved electrostatic characteristics and image forming performance and is excellent particularly in reproducibility of highly accurate image using a liquid developer and image forming performance upon a scanning exposure system using a laser beam of a low power.The electrophotographic light-sensitive material contains, as a binder resin, a low molecular weight resin (A) comprising an organic molecule having bonded thereto at least three polymer chains each containing a polymer component of formula (I) and a polymer component having a specified polar group, and a resin (B) which is a medium to high molecular weight AB block copolymer comprising an A block containing a specified polar group and a B block containing a polymer component of formula (I). ##STR1## wherein a.sup.1 and a2: hydrogen, halogen, a cyano group, a hydrocarbon group, --COOR.sup.4 or --COOR.sup.4 bonded via a hydrocarbon group (R.sup.4 : hydrocarbon group); and R.sup.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member including a charge generating layer and a heterogeneous charge transport layer, the charge transport layer having regions of charge transport and inactive regions and the charge transporting regions are in contact with each other. This imaging member has characteristics that enable high quality and high contrast imaging.

Abstract: An electrophotographic lithographic printing plate precursor having a photoconductive layer containing resin (A) having a weight average molecular weight of from 1.times.10.sup.3 to 2.times.10.sup.4 and containing a polymer component of the specified repeating unit and a polymer component having a polar group and dispersed resin grain (L) which is obtained by dispersion polymerization of monomer (C) containing a functional group capable of forming at least one group selected from a thiol group, a sulfo group, an amino group and a ##STR1## group upon decomposition in the presence of a dispersion stabilizing resin soluble in a non-aqueous solvent and which has a silicon and/or fluorine atom-containing substituent.The electrophotographic lithographic printing plate precursor has good electrophotographic characteristics and water retentivity due to the suitable interaction between zinc oxide, a spectral sensitizing dye, the resin (A) and the dispersed resin grain (L).

Abstract: A photoreceptor includes a charge generating layer having: 1) a photogenerating pigment purified by sublimation at a pressure not greater than 10.sup.-3 Torr and subsequent condensation of the photogenerating pigment at a temperature less than about 100.degree. C.; and 2) a film-forming binder.

Abstract: Color filters, including those used in a liquid crystal display, aee repaired in a self-aligning manner. Defective parts of the colored pixels of a filter are filled with a negative type photosensitive resin containing a pigment of the same color as the colored pixel. The photosensitive resin is exposed to light through the defective colored pixels and the exposed resin is developed. When the defect extends through pixels of different colors, a gray colored resin is utilized. The gray colored resin has a color temperature equal to that of the white color temperature resulting from the additive color process of the colors of the various colored pixels of the filter.

Abstract: A method for making a photoconductive powder which comprises the steps of preparing fine particles of metal oxide or metal hydroxide by hydrolyzing a metal alkoxide or metal acetylacetonate; and immersing the fine particles into pigment containing suspensions to provide three types of composite particles. Each of the suspensions contains a respective pigment having a spectral absorption band within the wavelength region of a one of the primary colors of the additive principle. Each type of the resultant composite particles is composed of the fine particles of the metal oxide or metal hydroxide and the associated pigment as a principal component.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition is disclosed, comprising at least an inorganic photoconductive material, a sensitizing dye and a resin binder wherein the sensitizing dye is a compound containing at least one acidic group in the molecule thereof as represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein all the symbols are as defined in the appended claims.

Abstract: Compounds which are useful as sensitizers of photoconductors, having the general formula: ##STR1## in which: like symbols represent identical substituents,at least 4 of R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 represent hydrogen atoms and the remaining R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 pairs of groups independently represent:(i) hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted alkyl group, or an aryl or substituted aryl group,(ii) a halogen atom, a cyano group, a carboxy or alkoxycarbonyl group, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group or a sulfonic acid group, providing that not more than two such groups (ii) are present in each ring,(iii) an acylamino group, a secondary acylamino group or a tertiary amino group in which the pendant substituent groups on the nitrogen atom are alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, providing not more than two such groups (iii) may be present in each benzocarbazole ring, and(iv) any two groups R.sup.1 to R.sup.

Abstract: A photoconductive composition useful in electrophotography comprising a mixture of photoconductive zinc oxide, a binder, a first dye which absorbs near infrared radiation and which is effective in sensitizing the zinc oxide to near infrared radiation, and a second dye which absorbs visible radiation, sensitizes zinc oxide to such visible radiation and is effective in enhancing the discharge rate of the sensitized zinc oxide at any given intensity of the near infrared radiation is provided. A paper base sheet coated with such a photoconductive composition can be used in the preparation of an electrophotographic image.

Abstract: Photoconductive films contain specified azulenium salt compounds. Electrophotographic photosensitive members are provided with a photoconductive film containing at least one of the specified azulenium salt compounds.

Abstract: Electrophotographic photosensitive element using zinc oxide in a photosensitive layer thereof formed in conductive support are described. Zinc oxide is used in combination with polycarbonate binder and a compound of the specific type. The compound is represented by the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an aryl group, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, or an aryl group, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9 and R.sub.10 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group or an amino group. Optionally, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may jointly form a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon ring having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In an electrostatic photographic process comprising subjecting an electrostatic photographic photosensitive plate to the combination of negative charging, positive charging and imagewise exposure to form an electrostatic latent image of a positive polarity, said electrostatic photographic photosensitive plate having such charging characteristics that a photosensitive layer can be positively charged by sequential negative corona charging and positive corona charging and positive charging is rendered substantially impossible by irradiation with light, and then subjecting the so treated photosensitive plate to positive charging a predetermined number of times, whereby an electrostatic latent image is formed the predetermined number of times by imagewise exposure conducted once, if a zinc oxide-resin dispersion is used for the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive plate and predetermined amounts of a triphenylmethane basic dye and a silicone oil are incorporated in the photosensitive layer, the time required

Abstract: A photoconductive layer sensitized by a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## in which: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or substituted alkyl group, an aryl or substituted aryl group, an aralkyl or substituted aralkyl group, a cycloaliphatic or substituted cycloaliphatic group or a heterocyclic or substituted heterocyclic group providing R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 do not both represent cyclic groups of aromatic nature, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together may represent the necessary atoms to complete a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring,R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom or any substituent providing the sum of their .sigma..sub.p constants has a value of less than +0.5, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 and/or R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 may represent the necessary atoms to complete an alicyclic or aromatic ring, R.sup.3 and R.sup.2 and/or R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 may represent the necessary atoms to complete a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring,R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: A sensitizing dye and a hydrophilic resin are dissolved in a first solvent, and a second solvent is added to the solution. The second solvent is less volatile than the first solvent, miscible therewith and does not dissolve both of the sensitizing dye and the hydrophilic resin. A powder of the sensitized zinc oxide is incorporated into the solution. After blending, the mixture is dried and pulverized to obtain a powder of sensitized zinc oxide. This powder is then mixed with a bonding agent consisting of a resinous material having an acid value of 5-30 to form a mixture which is formed into a thin photosensitive layer for use in electrophotography.

Abstract: An electrophotographic element having a conductive support upon which a coating of oleophilic resin-encapsulated zinc oxide particles, and a sensitizer dispersed in a binder containing vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate polymers is disclosed. Capsule wall can be 5A to 1.mu. thick. The oleophilic resin can be silicone, urethane, epoxy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photoconductive recording element having a high photosensitivity over the entire band of visible rays which comprises an electroconductive substrate and a photoconductive layer formed on the substrate. The photoconductive layer comprises an acid dye and a basic dye both of which may be concurrently adsorbed on the outer surfaces of fine zinc oxide particles, or the acid dye of which is adsorbed on the outer surfaces of the zinc oxide particles and the basic dye of which is adsorbed on each layer of the acid dye.