Abstract: Provided is a resist composition including a compound having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less and containing at least one sulfonamide group (—SO2NH—).

Abstract: SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their adhesion properties by adding 1% to 6% of an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of glycidoxypropanetrimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their resistance to cracking and film stress by adding 0.5% to 3% of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of dialkylphthalates, dialkylmalonates, dialkylsebacates, dialkyladipates, and diglycidyl hexahydrophthalates. The improvements can be obtained simultaneously by adding both the adhesion promoter and the plasticizer to SU-8 photoresist compositions.

Abstract: A negative photoresist composition is used for the formation of thick films and includes (A) a novolak resin, (B) a plasticizer, (C) a crosslinking agent and (D) an acid generator. The composition is applied onto a substrate and thereby yields a photoresist film 5 to 100 ?m thick. Likewise, the composition is applied onto a substrate of an electronic part, is patterned, is plated and thereby yields a bump.

Abstract: SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their adhesion properties by adding 1% to 6% of an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of glycidoxypropanetrimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their resistance to cracking and film stress by adding 0.5% to 3% of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of dialkylphthalates, dialkylmalonates, dialkylsebacates, dialkyladipates, and diglycidyl hexahydrophthalates. The improvements can be obtained simultaneously by adding both the adhesion promoter and the plasticizer to SU-8 photoresist compositions.

Abstract: SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their adhesion properties by adding 1% to 6% of an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of glycidoxypropanetrimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their resistance to cracking and film stress by adding 0.5% to 3% of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of dialkylphthalates, dialkylmalonates, dialkylsebacates, dialkyladipates, and diglycidyl hexahydrophthalates. The improvements can be obtained simultaneously by adding both the adhesion promoter and the plasticizer to SU-8 photoresist compositions.

Abstract: A positive working lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a lower layer containing a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin, and an upper heat-sensitive layer containing a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and an infrared absorbing dye and increasing the solubility in an alkaline aqueous solution by heating, provided in this order on a hydrophilic support, and (a) the upper heat-sensitive layer containing at least two kinds of surface active agents, or (b) the lower layer and upper heat-sensitive layer each containing a surface active agent different from each other.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition comprising (i) a sensitizing dye represented by the following formula (I), (II) or (III) defined in the specification, (ii) a titanocene compound and (iii) a compound of undergoing a reaction with at least one of a radical and an acid to change at least one of its physical and chemical properties and maintaining the changed physical or chemical property, and a lithographic printing plate having a photosensitive layer comprising the photosensitive composition.

Abstract: New photoresists are provides that are suitable for short wavelength imaging, particularly sub-170 nm such as 157 nm. Resists of the invention comprise a fluorine-containing polymer, a photoactive component, and a solvent component. Preferred solvents for use on the resists of the invention can maintain the resist components in solution and include one or more preferably two or more (i.e. blends) of solvents. In particularly preferred solvent blends of the invention, each blend member evaporates at substantially equal rates, whereby the resist composition maintains a substantially constant concentration of each blend member.

Abstract: A planographic printing plate precursor includes a support having disposed thereon a recording layer containing a water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin, a development inhibitor and an infrared absorber and exhibiting enhanced solubility in an aqueous alkali solution through light exposure. The recording layer may have either a mono-layer construction or a multi-layer construction containing a lower layer and an upper layer. In the case of the multi-layer construction, a layer containing the water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin is used as the lower layer, and a layer containing the water-insoluble and alkali-soluble resin and the development inhibitor and exhibiting enhanced solubility in an aqueous alkali solution through light exposure is used as the upper layer, and at least one of the lower layer and the upper layer contains the infrared absorber.

Abstract: There is provided a negative planographic printing plate which can be directly recorded based on digital data from computers and the like, excellent in storage stability, shows no reduction in sensitivity with the lapse of time, and has excellent face flatness. It comprises a substrate having disposed thereon a photosensitive layer which is obtained by applying a photosensitive layer application solution containing an infrared absorber, a compound which generates a radical or acid due to heat, a polymerizable compound or a crosslinking compound, and a silicon-based surfactant such as a siloxane/oxyethylene copolymer and the like, onto the substrate and drying the solution, and which is hardened by exposure to an infrared laser ray.

Abstract: A dry film photoresist includes a functional polymer. The functional polymer has &agr;,&bgr;-unsaturated groups and groups that generate a free radical upon exposure to actinic radiation.

Abstract: SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their adhesion properties by adding 1% to 6% of an adhesion promoter selected from the group consisting of glycidoxypropanetrimethoxysilane, mercatopropyltrimethoxysilane, and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. SU-8 photoresist compositions are modified to improve their resistance to cracking and film stress by adding 0.5% to 3% of a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of dialkylphthalates, dialkylmalonates, dialkylsebacates, dialkyladipates, and diglycidyl hexahydrophthalates. The improvements can be obtained simultaneously by adding both the adhesion promoter and the plasticizer to SU-8 photoresist compositions.

Abstract: A photopolymerizable composition for the preparation of flexographic printing forms for corrugated board direct printing comprising a radial (polystyrene-polybutadiene)nX block copolymer, with X=Sn or Si and n=2 or 4, with an average molecular weight (Mw) of 80,000-300,000, a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of 1.00-1.40, a content of di- block copolymers of less than 15% by weight, which is extended with up to 50% by weight of a paraffinic oil.

Abstract: A positive photosensitive composition comprising (A1) a compound that generates an alkanesulfonic acid in which the &agr;-position is substituted with a fluorine atom upon irradiation of an actinic ray or radiation, (A2) an onium salt of an alkanesulfonic acid in which the &agr;-position is not substituted with a fluorine atom, and (B) a resin that has a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and is decomposed by the action of an acid to increase a solubility rate in an alkali developing solution.

Abstract: A photoresist film which can form an even fluorescent substance layer, in intimate contact with the surface of cells, in a simplified manner, and a back plate of PDP using the film are provided. More specifically, a photoresist film comprising a base film and, provided on the base film, a photosensitive resin composition layer comprising a fluorescent substance, a photosensitive resin, and a volatile organic material, and a process for producing a back plate of PDP using the film are provided.

Abstract: A negative acting photoimageable composition comprisesA) between about 30 and about 70 wt %, based on total weight of A) plus B), of a organic binder polymers having sufficient acid functionality to render said photoimageable composition developable in alkaline aqueous solution,A) comprising between about 3 and about 65 wt % relative to total of A) plus B) a binder polymer A') having a weight average molecular weight between about 5000 and about 40,000 and a T.sub.g of between about 40 and about 100, and 5 to 67 wt % relative to total of A) plus B) a binder polymer A") having a weight average molecular weight between about 41,000 and about 200,000 and a T.sub.g of between about 40 and about 100,B) between about 30 and about 60 wt %, based on total weight of A) plus B), of .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds, said component B) comprisingB') an isocyanate trimer having tri-.alpha.,.beta.

Abstract: In a negative acting photoimageable composition comprising an acid functional binder polymer, photopolymerizable .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds, and photoinitiator, at least a portion of the photopolymerizable compounds are isocyanate trimers having tri-acrylate functionality. Further, the composition contains a dibenzoate plasticizer.

Abstract: A negative-acting photoimageable composition useful as a photoresist comprises an acid-functional binder polymer, a photopolymerizable component, and a photoinitiator chemical system, in which the binder polymer has a multi-modal molecular weight distribution used to promote faster photoresist stripping times and a smaller stripped particle size. The combination of faster stripping times and smaller stripped particle size allows for fully aqueous, environmentally friendly, stripping of the photoresist from overplated circuit boards.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the use of rubber and surfactant to enhance the durability and resolution of on-press developable lithographic printing plates. The rubber is preferably incorporated into a photoresist as discrete particulate rubber. To ensure a uniform and stable dispersion, the rubber is suspended in the photoresist by means of a surfactant having an HLB approximately between 7.0 and 18.0.

Abstract: A water processable photopolymeric composition for use in the manufacture of flexographic photopolymer printing plates is disclosed. Preferably, the flexomer blend includes a flexomer having an affinity for water combined with a hydrophilic crosslinking agent, a nonhydrophilic crosslinking agent, a swell enhancing filler, a hydrophilic plasticizer, a compatibilizer and a surfactant. The compatibilizer aids the blending of the hydrophilic components with the flexomer blend.

Abstract: Nucleotide sequences from various species of Alexandrium are described. The sequences are used to construct nucleotide probes for assaying samples to determine the presence of selected species of Alexandrium.

Abstract: A photosensitive elastomeric composition and process of using the composition to prepare flexographic printing plates having substantially improved solvent resistance are described.

Abstract: Solid photopolymerizable compositions and photosensitive elements are provided that are useful in preparing optical elements, and especially holograms. The compositions contains a polymeric binder, a liquid ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a photoinitiator system. Typical compositions have a refractive index modulation of at least 0.005 when measured per the specified test.

Abstract: Provided are multilayer, tonable peel-apart photosensitive elements which include an esterified polyol plasticizer in the photoadherent layer, together with processes for their use for preparing pre-press color proofs.

Abstract: Wavelength response of volume holograms is altered by contact with a dry film diffusion element.

Abstract: Solid storage stable photopolymerizable compositions are provided that are useful in preparing optical elements, and especially holograms. The composition contains a polymeric binder, N-vinyl carbazole and a photoinitiator system that has a hydrogen donor component.

Abstract: Holographic notch filters are provided that comprise photopolymer films, having an optical density of at least 2, mounted on a transparent substrate.

Abstract: Wavelength response of volume holograms is altered by contact with a dry film diffusion element.

Abstract: Optical Combiners are provided for use in Head-Up Displays. The Combiners have a refractive index modulation greater than approximately 0.001.

Abstract: Improved holographic optical elements are disclosed that contain a reflection hologram. Also, an improved process for forming reflection hologram.

Abstract: Solid photopolymerizable compositions and photosensitive elements are provided that are useful in preparing optical elements, and especially holograms. The composition contains a polymeric binder, a liquid ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a photoinitiator system. Typical compositions have a refractive index modulation of at least 0.005 when measured per the specified test.

Abstract: Mixtures which can be cross-linked by photopolymerization and are based on soluble elastomeric block copolymers, photopolymerizable monomers which are compatible with these, photoinitiators and plasticizers contain, as the plasticizer, a chloroalkane of 8 to 40 carbon atoms which has a chlorine content of from 30 to 73% by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed are improved photopolymerizable compositions which can be developed using aqueous media. The improved compositions contain cellulosic ethers which impart an unexpected improvement in tent strength and optionally contain a plasticizer and a photochemically polymerizable carboxylic acid monomer or both which aid adhesion and stripping.

Abstract: Photopolymer positive surprint color proofing film based on epoxy acrylate monomer exhibits low dot gain, low time dependence of toning and good tonal range. Binder can be methylmethacrylate/ethyl acrylate/acrylic acid copolymer, preferably cross-linked with zinc ions and plasticized with a second acrylate monomer and a mixture of triacetin and trimethylol propane.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous developable, photopolymerizable composition having increased flexibility and reduced cold flow comprising a unique mixture of a siliceous material and a plasticizer in combination with known photopolymerizable monomers, polymeric binders, thermal polymerization inhibitors, and photoinitiators.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the ozone protection of an imagewise exposed and developed photopolymer flexographic printing plate, having an elastomeric, thermoplastic polymeric binder, which comprises applying to the exposed and developed surface of the flexographic printing plate at least one known liquid polyether of the formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 =H, or methylR.sub.2 =H, alkyl or alkylene with C.sub.12 -C.sub.18, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acid radicals with C.sub.12 -C.sub.18.p=1-4and wherein n, m and m.sub.1-4 and x, y, and z are so selected that the molecular weight (M.sub.n) of the molecule is about 500 to 5000.

Abstract: The photosensitive composition of this invention contains (1) an ethylenically unsaturated component capable of forming a high polymer by addition polymerization or crosslinking, (2) a cyclic cisoid conjugated diene as a photooxidizable component capable of reacting with singlet oxygen to form an endoperoxide, and (3) a photooxygenation sensitizer. A process for preparing a photosensitive element, such as a relief printing plate, embodying a layer of such a composition is described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photopolymerizable vehicle and method for the selective photopolymerization of said vehicle by the application of a plurality of different selected wavelengths of energy wherein any single wavelength of energy is inadequate for effecting said photopolymerization. The method comprises sequentially applying a plurality of different selected wavelengths of energy to said vehicle whereby polymerization is effected at the intersection of said wavelengths of energy.

Abstract: The photosensitive composition of this invention contains (1) an ethylenically unsaturated component capable of forming a high polymer by addition polymerization or crosslinking, (2) a cyclic cisoid conjugated diene as a photooxidizable component capable of reacting with singlet oxygen to form an endoperoxide, and (3) a photooxygenation sensitizer. A process for preparing a photosensitive element, such as a relief printing plate, embodying a layer of such a composition is described.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions comprising water, a cationically curable compound, and a photosensitive onium salt, and preferably other ingredients such as sensitizers, fillers, and plasticizers, are useful for making printing screens, lithographic plates, and printed circuit resists. After exposure, the un-cured composition is easily removed by washing with water.

Abstract: Thermally coalescible acrylic resin dispersions comprising particles of single-phase, surfactant-free, random acrylic polymers or copolymers, containing at least 80% by weight of acrylic units, dispersed in a surfactant-free medium that comprises a compatible liquid plasticizer that is nonvolatile at room temperature and is not a monomer of any of the polymeric components. Incorporation of a photopolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated compound provides photosensitive dispersions useful for making relief and planographic printing plates, photoresists, and the like.

Abstract: A photopolymer elastomeric article designed to be used primarily in a flexographic printing system comprising: a polymer matrix made up of a mixture of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene and cis-1,4-polyisoprene; a photoinitiator, which is a compound, which when irradiated, will initiate polymerization and/or crosslinking; and optionally, 0-3 phr of photopolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated crosslinking agent, as typified by esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A photosensitive element which comprises a support bearing a layer of negative-working tonable photoimaging composition comprising at least one organic polymeric binder (a), a photosensitizer (b) which generates an acid upon absorption of actinic radiation, and at least one compound taken from the group of ##STR1## as defined, binder (a) being plasticized by the decomposition product of either compound (c) or (d) or the combination thereof. The photosensitive element is useful in making color proofs.

Abstract: Compatible photosensitive compositions, and elements made therefrom, comprising a solvent-soluble, thermoplastic, elastomeric, block copolymer, a nongaseous ethylenically unsaturated compound, and an addition polymerization initiator activatable by actinic light are useful in preparing printing plates, particularly flexographic printing plates, and other relief images.

Abstract: A presensitized light sensitive sheet structure suitable for producing a dry transfer element, comprising a transparent substrate having a release coating thereon, and overlying the release coating a photo-sensitive layer comprising a conventional photopolymerizable compound, an initiator therefor, and a binder. After light exposure to an original through the transparent substrate and development to remove unexposed portions, the remaining image portions have a greater adhesion for a receptor surface when applied thereto under pressure than the adhesion of the indicia to the transparent substrate under like pressure.

Abstract: A photosensitive element which comprises a support bearing a layer of negative-working tonable photoimaging composition comprising at least one organic polymeric binder (a), a photosensitizer (b) which generates an acid upon absorption of actinic radiation, and at least one compound taken from the group of ##STR1## as defined, binder (a) being plasticized by the decomposition product of either compound (c) or (d) or the combination thereof. The photosensitive element is useful in making color proofs.