Oxidizer Added To Region Of Incomplete Combustion Patents (Class 431/10)
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Patent number: 7335015Abstract: Method for controlling or regulating a burner (5) to which a defined air quantity (3) and fuel quantity (4) are fed, the exhaust gas (6) formed during the combustion being fed to a sensor (7), and the actual value (8) detected by the sensor being compared with a desired value (9), and a control deviation being obtained from the difference between desired value and actual value, which control deviation is converted into a control variable (11) which is independent of the burner power, characterized in that a power-dependent control variable (15) is generated from the power-independent control variable (11) and from burner-specific parameters (13) which are determined during setting of the burner for the respective power points of the burner, and in that the power-dependent control variable (15) is converted into a control signal (17, 18) in order to influence the ratio of the air quantity (3) to the fuel quantity (4).Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 2004Date of Patent: February 26, 2008Assignee: Siemens Building Technologies AGInventor: Alexander Meier
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Publication number: 20070298357Abstract: A burner at which fuel cannot be combusted with air as the only source of oxygen for combustion in a stable flame at the burner when the feed rate of the fuel is too low, when the fuel is fed at too high an air-to-fuel mass ratio, when the fuel contains too high an amount of inert matter, or when the specific energy content of the fuel is too low, is modified by supplying oxidant containing more than 21 vol. % oxygen into the base of a flame at the burner, whereupon such fuels can be combusted at the burner.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 27, 2006Publication date: December 27, 2007Inventor: Stefan E.F. Laux
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Publication number: 20070287109Abstract: A method for providing uniform heat distribution within a furnace as well as decreasing the amount of NOx in the combustion products, when operating an industrial furnace having at least one conventional burner using air as the oxidant. At least one lance is connected with the furnace, and an oxidant including oxygen gas is flowed into the furnace through the lance to impinge against a flame issuing from the burner at a certain impingement point. The amount of oxygen supplied by the air supply to the burner together with the amount of oxidant issuing from the lance corresponds with the stoichiometric amount for a fuel supplied to the burner. At least 50% of the supplied oxygen for combustion is supplied through the lancing of oxidant, and the oxidant is flowed into the furnace through the lance at a velocity of at least 200 m/s.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 23, 2006Publication date: December 13, 2007Applicant: AGA ABInventor: Johannes Lodin
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Patent number: 7303388Abstract: Combustion system comprising a furnace having a thermal load and a combustion atmosphere disposed therein; one or more fuel lances adapted to inject fuel into the combustion atmosphere; and one or more igniters associated with the one or more fuel lances and adapted to ignite the fuel injected by the one or more fuel lances into the combustion atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2004Date of Patent: December 4, 2007Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Mahendra Ladharam Joshi, Aleksandar Georgi Slavejkov, Xianming Jimmy Li
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Publication number: 20070231761Abstract: A furnace is heated by a burner that can be selectively operated by either air-fuel or oxy-fuel combustion. The burner comprises a conduit for fuel, a conduit for air, a conduit for oxidant, and control means for regulating flow through the air and oxidant conduits. An air-fuel fired furnace can be modified by addition of the oxidant and fuel conduits and the control means for regulating flow through air and oxidant conduits.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 3, 2006Publication date: October 4, 2007Inventors: Lee Rosen, Michael F. Riley, Curtis L. Bermel, Hisashi Kobayashi
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Patent number: 7264466Abstract: A method and apparatus provide combustion in a radiant tube in first, second and third stages, with flue gas recirculation that begins at the second stage.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2004Date of Patent: September 4, 2007Assignee: North American Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Todd A. Miller, Dennis E. Quinn, Thomas F. Robertson
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Patent number: 7249946Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal generator comprising a furnace tube (2) wherein a fuel is burnt, recombustion means (14, 15) for reducing the nitrogen oxides content present in said fumes and means (3) for recovering the heat of the fumes resulting from said combustion. The invention is characterized in that recombustion means (14, 15) are arranged in containment means (11).Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 2002Date of Patent: July 31, 2007Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Gérard Martin, Willy Nastoll, John Roesler
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Patent number: 7241134Abstract: Method and apparatus for enhancing the combustion of a process gas of variable composition which gas is used for steam generation in producing heavy oil. The mass flow of the process gas containing hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and water is measured. It is assumed that the process gas is saturated with water vapor and the water content of the process gas is then obtained. The content of carbon dioxide in the process gas is nominally obtained with an oxygen analyser measuring the flue gas from a steam generator thereby giving a close approximation of hydrocarbon content and allowing an expedited calculation of the energy content and air required. The nominal carbon dioxide value is compared with the calculated carbon dioxide value based on the actual flow of process gas and purchase gas and the oxygen content so that the quantity of carbon dioxide is approximated.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 2003Date of Patent: July 10, 2007Assignee: Spartan Controls Ltd.Inventor: Lawrence Dwayne Neumeister
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Patent number: 7229483Abstract: A method for gasifying carbonaceous materials to fuel gases comprises the formation of an ultra-superheated steam (USS) composition substantially containing water vapor, carbon dioxide and highly reactive free radicals thereof, at a temperature of about 2400° F. (1316° C.) to about 5000° F. (2760° C.). The USS composition comprising a high temperature clear, colorless flame is contacted with a carbonaceous material for rapid gasification/reforming thereof. The need for significant superstoichiometric steam addition for temperature control. Methods for controlling a gasification/reforming system to enhance efficiency are described. A USS burner for a fluidized bed gasification/reforming reactor, and methods of construction, are described.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 2002Date of Patent: June 12, 2007Inventor: Frederick Michael Lewis
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Patent number: 7175423Abstract: An apparatus and method for using staged air combustion. The apparatus includes a burner body (10) secured to a port block (42), and a fuel passageway (12) extending through the burner body (10), terminating in a fuel nozzle (22), which injects fuel into the burner throat (40). Primary air jets (20) are configured to inject primary air into a primary combustion region (24), which is normally in the burner throat (40). A dish with a dish surface (28) is connected to the burner throat (40); the dish surface (28) extending in a divergent angle with respect to a burner centerline (35). Secondary air jets (34) are connected to the air passageway (14) and extend through the port block (42). The secondary air jets (34) inject secondary air into a secondary combustion region (38), which may be at the dish surface (28) or the hot face (30) of the burner.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 2000Date of Patent: February 13, 2007Assignee: Bloom Engineering Company, Inc.Inventors: Stephen P. Pisano, Anthony G. Fennell, John R. Hemmerlin, Glenn W. Baggley, John C. Dormire
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Patent number: 7168947Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing nitrogen oxides in combustion flue gas is provided. The method includes combusting a fuel in a main combustion zone such that a flow of combustion flue gas is generated wherein the combustion flue gas includes at least one nitrogen oxide species, establishing a fuel-rich zone, forming a plurality of reduced N-containing species in the fuel rich zone, injecting over-fire air into the combustion flue gas downstream of fuel rich zone, and controlling process parameters to provide conditions for the reduced N-containing species to react with the nitrogen oxides in the OFA zone to produce elemental nitrogen such that a concentration of nitrogen oxides is reduced.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 2004Date of Patent: January 30, 2007Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Vladimir M. Zamansky, Vitali Victor Lissianski, Boris Nickolaevich Eiteneer
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Patent number: 7163392Abstract: The present invention is an air-staged low NOx burner for firing a gaseous fuel. The burner fires three stages, with the first stage of combustion taking place substantially within a burner cup section of a refractory baffle, the second stage of combustion taking place adjacent to the baffle and downstream of the baffle, and the third stage of combustion within a furnace. The flow of main combustion air adjacent to the baffle creates a negative pressure zone adjacent to the baffle. The present invention is also a method for low NOx staged combustion.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 2004Date of Patent: January 16, 2007Inventors: James J. Feese, Bruce A. Wartluft
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Patent number: 7074034Abstract: This invention is a directed to combustion apparatus incorporating a combustion chamber, a precombustion chamber and a multi-wall burner and a process for effecting combustion of gases, particularly feed gases containing gases that, on combustion, form solid oxidation products, i.e., solid-forming gases. A pathway is formed between the exterior of the precombustion chamber and the interior of said combustion chamber, whereby said pathway permits introduction of a secondary oxidant into the interior portion of the combustion chamber for facilitating combustion of said solid forming gas.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 2004Date of Patent: July 11, 2006Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Bryan Clair Hoke, Jr., Aleksandar Georgi Slavejkov
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Patent number: 7014458Abstract: Methods and apparatus for combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel in a combustion chamber of a furnace or boiler are presented, the combustion normally using only air as an oxidant, part of the air entering the combustion chamber through one or more burners, and a remaining portion of air entering the combustion chamber at a plurality of locations downstream of the burners. The methods comprise injecting oxygen-enriched gas through a plurality of lances into the combustion chamber at a plurality of downstream locations, the oxygen-enriched gas injected at a velocity ranging from subsonic to supersonic, and the oxygen-enriched gas being present in an amount sufficient to provide an oxygen concentration of no more than 2% on a volume basis greater than when air is used alone as oxidant.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 2003Date of Patent: March 21, 2006Assignees: American Air Liquide, Inc., L'Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Ovidiu Marin, Benjamin Bugeat, Eric Streicher, Pietro Di Zanno
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Patent number: 6957955Abstract: Fuel such as coal is combusted by feeding fuel and gaseous oxidant containing more than 21 vol. % oxygen, and preferably 21.8 to 29 vol. % oxygen, to a combustion stage at a stoichiometric ratio below that at which, if the stage were operated with air as the only oxidant, the same amount of NOx would be produced, and combusting the fuel and oxidant in said stage to produce combustion products and unburned fuel.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2002Date of Patent: October 25, 2005Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Hisashi Kobayashi, Lawrence E. Bool, III
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Patent number: 6951454Abstract: A dual fuel burner including an elongated supply pipe and a gas injector for a boiler furnace having a plurality of peripheral openings around a center opening. The peripheral openings are pitched radially away from the longitudinal axis of the gas injector and also pitched either clockwise or counter-clockwise, to impart a swirling motion to gaseous fuel exiting the injector through the openings. A first sleeve member is concentrically spaced about the supply pipe and the gas injector to form an inner annular passageway for conveying a mixture of primary air and pulverized coal to the furnace combustion zone. A second sleeve member is concentrically spaced about the first sleeve member to form an outer annular passageway for conveying secondary air to the furnace combustion zone, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced vanes mounted within the outer annular passageway for inducing a swirling motion to the secondary air discharging from the outer annular passageway into the furnace combustion zone.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 2003Date of Patent: October 4, 2005Assignee: The Babcock & Wilcox CompanyInventors: Hamid Sarv, Ronald C. Lenzer
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Patent number: 6939125Abstract: A method for reducing NOx, in a combustion gas which is discharged from a combustion furnace for burning a fuel by means of a gas containing oxygen in an amount of at least 80 vol % and which contains oxygen, which method comprises adding a combustible material to the combustion gas at a temperature of from 1,000 to 1,500° C., wherein the combustible material contains a compound comprising C and H.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2003Date of Patent: September 6, 2005Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, LimitedInventors: Masamichi Yokotani, Yutaka Ishikawa, Atsushi Tanigaki, Daisuke Hasegawa, Shinji Morohashi
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Patent number: 6910879Abstract: A method of combustion and a burner assembly wherein at least one fuel and at least one oxidizer are injected separately. The oxidizer comprises a primary oxidizer stream and a secondary oxidizer stream. The primary oxidizer stream is divided into at least two portions. One portion is injected close to the fuel whereby generating a first incomplete combustion. The second portion is injected downstream of the first injection point with the fuel source consisting of the remaining uncombusted fuel of the first incomplete combustion in addition to the fuel. The secondary oxidizer stream is injected downstream from the primary oxidizer stream, whereby resulting in combustion with the unreactive fuel gases remaining from the first combustion.Type: GrantFiled: April 4, 2002Date of Patent: June 28, 2005Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges ClaudeInventors: Jacques Dugue, Thierry Legiret, Rémi Pierre Tsiava, Olivier Louedin
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Patent number: 6910878Abstract: Process heaters operated with a burner that uses high-oxygen oxidant gas instead of air and that recirculates and entrains combustion gases, wherein oxidant gas is injected at an angle to the fuel nozzle.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2003Date of Patent: June 28, 2005Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventor: Christopher Brian Leger
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Patent number: 6890498Abstract: A gas burner for use with a Claus furnace made up of at least five concentric tubes and the spaces formed between them. The diameters of the tubes increase radially outward so that the first tube has a smaller diameter than the fifth tube. At the end of the burner closest to the furnace, the tube ends of the third, fourth, and fifth tubes lie in the same plane. The first and the second tubes are fastened together and capable of movement along the central longitudinal axis of the burner, but their ends closest the furnace are not capable of moving past the plane formed by the third, fourth, and fifth tubes. An injector is located between the first and second tubes at the end closest the furnace. The injector is oriented towards the periphery of the burner.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 2001Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme á Directorie et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges ClaudeInventors: Rémi Pierre Tsiava, Manuel Binoist, Benoit Grand, Richard Soula, Denis Cieutat
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Patent number: 6880549Abstract: A combustion system for a portable forced air heater having two frusta-conical sections attached to a circular burner tube, wherein each frusta-conical section has pre-determined vent hole patterns that allow the gas heater to have a variable burn rate.Type: GrantFiled: January 26, 2004Date of Patent: April 19, 2005Assignee: Topp Intellectual Properties, Inc.Inventor: Daniel P. Topp
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Patent number: 6872070Abstract: A U-tube diffusion flame burner assembly having improved flame stabilization with no undesirable acoustic effects. The burners are axial units comprised of flame holders and combustors. The flame holders includes secondary air tubes to support the flow of secondary air that have helical walls forming helical passageways along at least a portion of its inner diameter to impart a swirl to the secondary air. The helical passageways impart a swirl to the secondary air exiting the passageways while simultaneously acting as a heat exchanger to heat primary air. The flame holders includes fuel tubes having first ends connected to a fuel supply and second flame ends. A plurality of radially oriented apertures are located at the second flame ends to distribute fuel in a radial direction. Primary air tube surrounds at least the flame ends of the fuel tubes and extend axially from first air supply ends to second flame ends.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2002Date of Patent: March 29, 2005Assignee: Hauck Manufacturing CompanyInventors: Edward E. Moore, John A. Marino
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Patent number: 6866503Abstract: A nozzle comprising a nozzle body having an inlet face, an outlet face, and an inlet flow axis passing through the inlet and outlet faces, and two or more slots extending through the nozzle body from the inlet face to the outlet face. Each slot has a slot axis and the slot axis of at least one of the slots is not parallel to the inlet flow axis of the nozzle body. In another embodiment, the nozzle comprises a nozzle body having an inlet face, an outlet face, and an inlet flow axis passing through the inlet and outlet faces, and two or more slots extending through the nozzle body from the inlet face to the outlet face, each slot having a slot axis, wherein none of the slots intersect other slots and all of the slots are in fluid flow communication with a common fluid supply conduit. The nozzles may be used to inject secondary fuel in a burner system having a central burner combusting a primary fuel surrounded by secondary fuel injection nozzles.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 2003Date of Patent: March 15, 2005Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventor: Mahendra Ladharam
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Publication number: 20040229176Abstract: A process for burning a sulfur-containing fuel to produce a flue gas is disclosed. The process comprises introducing a sulfur-containing fuel into a combustion chamber, introducing an oxidant stream into the combustion chamber and mixing it with the sulfur-containing fuel to define a combustion zone, and introducing potassium carbonate into the combustion chamber. The sulfur-containing fuel is burned to produce the flue gas and potassium sulfate.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 13, 2004Publication date: November 18, 2004Inventors: Ovidiu Marin, Nicolas Perrin
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Publication number: 20040209009Abstract: The heat-resistant and refractory molded part in the form of an artificial log for fireplaces, a heat-insulating plate or a light-weight constructional brick having a density of from 400 to 1000 kg/m3 consists of hydraulically cured compositions, wherein the uncured composition contains from 10 to 60% by weight of aluminous cement and from 10 to 60% by weight of xonotlite in addition to water.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 10, 2004Publication date: October 21, 2004Inventors: Ann Opsommer, Octavian Anton, Walter Pickhard, Francis Mahieu
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Patent number: 6799526Abstract: Methods of increasing the throughput of recovery boilers equipped with at least three levels of injection of air with oxygen enrichment of the air in at least one air level. In one method, a black liquor recovery boiler has three levels of air injection, and oxygen enrichment is applied to at least the secondary and the tertiary air injection levels. In another method, a black liquor recovery boiler has four levels of air injection, and oxygen enrichment is applied to one or more of the tertiary or quaternary air injection levels. In another method, a black liquor boiler has three levels of air injection, with oxygen enrichment applied to at least two air injection levels. After combustion, the oxygen concentration in the resultant flue gas is sensed. The oxygen injection is then adjusted in order to maintain the sensed oxygen concentration at the previously selected oxygen set point.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 2001Date of Patent: October 5, 2004Assignees: American Air Liquide, Inc., Air Liquide America, L.P., Jansen Combustion and Boiler Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Louis C. Philippe, Eric L. Duchateau, David R. Scheeff, Arie Verloop, Edward C. Dye
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Publication number: 20040182292Abstract: A process for incinerating combustible materials including the steps of: delivering combustible material and inlet gases to a primary combustion chamber, the inlet gases having an oxygen content of at least 50 vol %; burning the combustible material with the oxygen of the inlet gases in the primary combustion chamber producing flue gases and solid particulates as thermal decomposition products of the burnt combustible material; passing the flue gases and particulates to a secondary combustion chamber where further combustion occurs; cooling the flue gases exiting the secondary combustion chamber; returning a portion of the cooled flue gases to at least one of the combustion chambers where the cooled gases moderate the temperature in the at least one chamber; and passing the remaining portion of cooled flue gases on to a flue gas purification system where pollutants in the flue gases and particulates are substantially converted to benign compounds or removed entirely before the flue gases are emitted into theType: ApplicationFiled: December 18, 2003Publication date: September 23, 2004Inventors: Yoram Shimrony, Zachary Bachmutzky
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Publication number: 20040185401Abstract: A system and method for increasing combustion furnace efficiency, including the steps of providing a furnace with a plurality of secondary air injection ducts, asymmetrically positioned in an tangentially reinforcing manner; injecting fuel with substoichiometric primary air through the burners; injecting secondary air through the plurality of secondary air injection ducts; wherein the velocity of the injected air is such that the ratio of the advected air velocity to the furnace width is between about 2 sec−1 to about 150 sec−1; thereby increasing combustion efficiency and reactor efficiency via mixing and rotation of the combustion space.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2003Publication date: September 23, 2004Inventor: Goran Moberg
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Publication number: 20040185404Abstract: An improved process for burning solid fuel particles in a combustion chamber and creating a flue gas is disclosed. The method comprises creating a fuel gas stream by mixing the solid fuel particles with a conveying gas, transporting the fuel gas stream through a fuel duct terminating at the combustion chamber at a fuel exit plane and injecting an oxygen stream through an injection device into said fuel gas at an oxygen injection location selected to create a mixing zone to mix the oxygen stream and the fuel gas stream immediately prior to or coincident with combustion of the fuel. Operating parameters of the process can be varied to optimally reduce NOx emissions.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 15, 2004Publication date: September 23, 2004Inventors: Fabienne Chatel-Pelage, Ovidiu Marin, Scott Macadam, Erwin Penfornis
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Patent number: 6793486Abstract: A burner for non-symmetrical combustion generally includes a burner housing enclosing a burner plenum. A fuel conduit extends within the housing and is positioned coaxial with a line spaced from a central axis of the burner. The fuel conduit defines a fuel exit opening. A baffle defining an air conduit extends longitudinally within the housing. The air conduit has an air opening on an opposite side of the burner central axis from the fuel exit opening. At least one oxygen injection lance extends longitudinally within the housing and partially through the air conduit. A burner port block is located adjacent to the baffle and downstream of the air opening, and is in fluid communication with the fuel conduit and the air conduit.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 2001Date of Patent: September 21, 2004Assignee: Bloom Engineering Company, Inc.Inventors: Harry P. Finke, Gregory T. Kitko, Marty R. McGhee, David G. Schalles
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Patent number: 6790031Abstract: A tangential fired boiler has a circumferential wall defining a combustion zone and a plurality of fuel inlets disposed along the circumferential wall. The plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel at non-uniform rates in order to produce localized fuel rich, oxygen poor zones and fuel lean, oxygen rich zones within the combustion zone, and to cause ambient boiler gases to be entrained into and mix with the oxygen poor zone to achieve fuel staging of the boiler.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 2003Date of Patent: September 14, 2004Assignee: RJM CorporationInventors: Lawrence D. Berg, Edmund S. Schindler, Nigel John Garrad, John Joseph Halloran
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Publication number: 20040175663Abstract: A method for combusting fuel in a fired heater having one or more burners, the method comprising: (a) combusting at least a portion of the fuel in the presence of an oxidizer in the burners, generating heat and producing a flue gas; and (b) recycling at least a portion of the flue gas to the burners; wherein step (a) and step (b) are conducted in a manner such that the combusting takes place in a combustion regime represented by 1 4 , 500 ≥ 7554.8 - 933.72 ⁢ x + 64.960 ⁢ x 2 + .47705 ⁢ y - .55680 ⁢ z - 1579.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 6, 2003Publication date: September 9, 2004Inventors: M. Shannon Melton, Donald F. Zetik, Dan P. Loveless, Frank W. Pickell, John Z. Varesic, John H. Brinly, Gary M. Scoggin
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Patent number: 6783357Abstract: A burner apparatus comprises a conduit adapted to convey preheated oxidant and having outlet and inlet ends, and a conduit adapted to convey preheated fuel and having outlet and inlet ends. The conduit adapted to convey preheated fuel is substantially parallel to the conduit adapted to convey preheated oxidant. The conduit adapted to convey preheated oxidant is positioned substantially vertically above the conduit adapted to convey preheated fuel. The conduit adapted to convey preheated oxidant and the conduit adapted to convey preheated fuel each are positioned within its own respective elongate cavity in a refractory burner block. Each of the conduits are positioned in their respective cavity such that a substantially annular region is present between an outer surface of each conduit and its respective cavity. Each conduit inlet end extends through a respective plenum for receiving an ambient temperature fluid, the plenums adapted to pass the ambient temperature fluid into the respective annular regions.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 2003Date of Patent: August 31, 2004Assignees: L'Air Liquide, American Air Liquide, Inc.Inventors: Mahendra L. Joshi, Arnaud Fossen, Harley A. Borders, Remi P. Tsiava, Olivier Charon
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Publication number: 20040157178Abstract: A method of combustion and a burner assembly wherein at least one fuel and at least one oxidizer are injected separately. The oxidizer comprises a primary oxidizer stream and a secondary oxidizer stream. The primary oxidizer stream is divided into at least two portions. One portion is injected close to the fuel whereby generating a first incomplete combustion. The second portion is injected downstream of the first injection point with the fuel source consisting of the remaining uncombusted fuel of the first incomplete combustion in addition to the fuel. The secondary oxidizer stream is injected downstream from the primary oxidizer stream, whereby resulting in combustion with the unreactive fuel gases remaining from the first combustion.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 12, 2004Publication date: August 12, 2004Inventors: Jacques Dugue, Thierry Legiret, Remi Pierre Tsiava, Olivier Louedin
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Publication number: 20040142292Abstract: A tangential fired boiler has a circumferential wall defining a combustion zone and a plurality of fuel inlets disposed along the circumferential wall. The plurality of fuel inlets inject fuel at non-uniform rates in order to produce localized fuel rich, oxygen poor zones and fuel lean,-oxygen rich zones within the combustion zone, and to cause ambient boiler gases to be entrained into and mix with the oxygen poor zone to achieve fuel staging of the boiler.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2003Publication date: July 22, 2004Inventors: Lawrence D. Berg, Edmund S. Schindler, Nigel John Garrad, John Joseph Halloran
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Publication number: 20040101797Abstract: A direct gas-fired burner assembly is disclosed in which a two-stage flame is produced. A gas manifold is attached to two baffles with apertures disposed therein. The apertures are designed such that a fuel rich zone occurs near the manifold, while a lean zone occurs away from the manifold. At high fire, the apertures create a negative pressure zone which draws the gas away from the burner thereby allowing a primary flame to burn. The primary flame in the fuel rich zone ignites a secondary flame in the lean zone. Because a flame is burning throughout the entire combustion zone, the flame does not move out past the baffles, the flame remains smaller and cooler, and a lower output of pollutants is achieved.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 27, 2002Publication date: May 27, 2004Inventors: Pawel Mosiewicz, Ceji Li
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Publication number: 20040091828Abstract: A burner (10) for reducing NOx emissions where supply fuel (16) and supply air (20) are supplied to a combustion tunnel (52) at high and low velocities and secondary air (26) is supplied to a secondary combustion zone (60), wherein products of combustion (59) exiting into the secondary combustion zone (60) from the combustion tunnel (52) are drawn back into the combustion tunnel (52) and back into the secondary air conduit (54).Type: ApplicationFiled: November 5, 2003Publication date: May 13, 2004Inventors: Harry P. Finke, Gregory T. Kitko, Andrew J. Johnson, John R. Hemmerlin
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Publication number: 20040081929Abstract: This invention, Centrifugal and Divided Space combustion method, need to install a cylindrical fuel pot, the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber and an exhaust pot. It also needs to install the upper and the lower pots outside the first combustion chamber and the fuel pot in order to have the lower and the upper air paths inside the outer pots. One or several ventilator(s) to make air-flow is tangentially connected to the upper and the lower air paths at the lower part of the upper outer pot. And several air-flow control devices should be located at the upper part of the upper air path. Thus, the invention is composed to realize the complete combustion only with the air supply into the furnace. In this case, the space in the furnace is divided into many combustive sectors by the air-flow.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 12, 2003Publication date: April 29, 2004Inventor: Jiwon Kim
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Method of heating a glass melting furnace using a roof mounted, staged combustion oxygen-fuel burner
Patent number: 6705117Abstract: In an industrial glass furnace, which optionally contains recuperators, regenerators, electric boost or other devices for providing heat to glass batch material, at least one staged combustion oxy-fuel burner is mounted in the roof of the furnace to provide heat to melt the glass batch material by providing a flow of fuel to the oxy-fuel burner; providing a flow of gaseous oxidant in association with said the oxy-fuel burner; injecting the fuel and the oxidant into the furnace; and, combusting the fuel such that at least a portion of combustion is effected in the vicinity of said glass forming material to enhance convective and radiative transfer of heat to said glass forming material without substantially disturbing the glass forming material. In one embodiment, the oxy-fuel burner is adapted for injecting liquid fuels.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2001Date of Patent: March 16, 2004Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.Inventors: Neil George Simpson, Greg Floyd Prusia, Thomas G. Clayton, Andrew Peter Richardson, John R. LeBlanc -
Patent number: 6702569Abstract: NOx emissions from combustion are reduced, NOx reduction efficiency by SNCR is improved, and other efficiencies are realized, by injecting oxygen into a fuel-rich combustion zone under controlled conditions.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2002Date of Patent: March 9, 2004Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Hisashi Kobayashi, Kuang Tsai Wu, Lawrence E. Bool, III
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Patent number: 6699029Abstract: A furnace that combusts fuel, such as coal, of a given minimum energy content to obtain a stated minimum amount of energy per unit of time is enabled to combust fuel having a lower energy content, while still obtaining at least the stated minimum energy generation rate, by replacing a small amount of the combustion air fed to the furnace by oxygen. The replacement of oxygen for combustion air also provides reduction in the generation of NOx.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2002Date of Patent: March 2, 2004Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Hisashi Kobayashi, Lawrence E. Bool, III, Kuang Tsai Wu
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Patent number: 6699031Abstract: NOx formation in the combustion of solid hydrocarbonaceous fuel such as coal is reduced by obtaining, from the incoming feed stream of fuel solids and air, a stream having a ratio of fuel solids to air that is higher than that of the feed steam, and injecting the thus obtained stream and a small amount of oxygen to a burner where the fuel solids are combusted.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2002Date of Patent: March 2, 2004Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Hisashi Kobayashi, Lawrence E. Bool, III, William J. Snyder
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Patent number: 6699030Abstract: Improved operational characteristics such as improved fuel efficiency, reduction of NOx formation, reduction of the amount of unburned carbon in the ash, and lessened tendency to corrosion at the tube wall, in a multi-burner furnace are obtained by reducing the flow rate of combustion air to the burners and selectively individually feeding oxidant to only some of the burners.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2002Date of Patent: March 2, 2004Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Lawrence E. Bool, III, Hisashi Kobayashi
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Patent number: 6695609Abstract: Compact low NOx gas burner apparatus and methods for discharging fuel gas and air mixtures into furnace spaces wherein the mixture is burned in folded flame patterns and flue gases having low NOx content are formed are provided. A burner apparatus of the invention is basically comprised of a housing having a burner tile attached thereto and means for introducing air therein. The burner tile has an opening therein with a wall surrounding the opening which extends into a furnace space. The exterior sides of the wall are divided into sections by radially positioned baffles with alternate sections having the same or different heights and slanting towards the opening at the same or different angles. Primary fuel gas mixed with flue gases and air is discharged through the burner tile. Secondary fuel gas is discharged adjacent to the external slanted wall sections whereby the secondary fuel gas mixes with flue gases in the furnace space.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 2002Date of Patent: February 24, 2004Assignee: John Zink Company, LLCInventors: I-Ping Chung, Jesse Steven Chambers, Carol Ann Schnepper, Roger L. Poe, Jaiwant D. Jayakaran, Richard T. Waibel, Michael G. Claxton, Marianne Zimola, Darin Robert Foote
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Publication number: 20040033455Abstract: Integrated Combustion Reactors (ICRS) and methods of making ICRs are described in which combustion chambers (or channels) are in direct thermal contact to reaction chambers for an endothermic reaction. Particular reactor designs are also described. Processes of conducting reactions in integrated combustion reactors are described and results presented. Some of these processes are characterized by unexpected and superior results, and/or results that can not be achieved with any prior art devices.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 15, 2002Publication date: February 19, 2004Inventors: Anna Lee Tonkovich, Gary Roberts, Sean P. Fitzgerald, Paul W. Neagle, Dongming Qiu, Matthew B. Schmidt, Steven T. Perry, David J. Hesse, Robert J. Luzenski, G. Bradley Chadwell, Ying Peng, James A. Mathias, Nathan P. Gano, Richard Q. Long, Wm. Allen Roger, Ravi Arora, Wayne W. Simmons, Barry L. Yang, David J. Kuhlmann, Yong Wang, Thomas D. Yuschak, Thomas Forte, John Arthur Monahan, Robert Jetter
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Patent number: 6685464Abstract: Methods and apparatus for combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel in a combustion chamber of a furnace or boiler are presented, the combustion normally using only air as an oxidant, part of the air entering the combustion chamber through one or more burners, and a remaining portion of air entering the combustion chamber at a plurality of locations downstream of the burners. The methods comprise injecting oxygen-enriched gas through a plurality of lances into the combustion chamber at a plurality of downstream locations, the oxygen-enriched gas injected at a velocity ranging from subsonic to supersonic, and the oxygen-enriched gas being present in an amount sufficient to provide an oxygen concentration of no more than 2% on a volume basis greater than when air is used alone as oxidant.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 2001Date of Patent: February 3, 2004Assignees: L'Air Liquide - Societe Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude, American Air LiquideInventors: Ovidiu Marin, Benjamin Bugeat, Eric Streicher, Pietro Di Zanno
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Patent number: 6685461Abstract: To reduce the overall size of and to simplify the supply for three-tube burners, and to allow easier interchangeability with two-tube burners, the burner (Br) comprises an inlet (5) for a fuel and a fuel feed tube (2) connected to this fuel inlet, an inlet (6) for an oxidizer and two oxidizer feed tubes (1, 3) connected to this oxidizer inlet, and a control valve (7, 9) for controlling the distribution of the oxidizer between the two oxidizer feed tubes (1, 3). By means of this burner, and more specifically of the control valve (7, 9), the distribution of the oxidizer between the two oxidizer feed tubes (1, 3) may be continuously adjusted.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 2001Date of Patent: February 3, 2004Assignee: L'Air Liquide Societe Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procedes Georges ClaudeInventors: Laurent Rio, Thierry Legiret, Jean-Christophe Fave
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Patent number: 6685463Abstract: A burner (10) for reducing NOx emissions where supply fuel (16) and supply air (20) are supplied to a combustion tunnel (52) at high and low velocities and secondary air (26) is supplied to a secondary combustion zone (60), wherein products of combustion (59) exiting into the secondary combustion zone (60) from the combustion tunnel (52) are drawn back into the combustion tunnel (52) and back into the secondary air conduit (54).Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 2000Date of Patent: February 3, 2004Assignee: Bloom Engineering Co., Inc.Inventors: Harry P. Finke, Gregory T. Kitko, Andrew J. Johnson, John R. Hemmerlin
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Patent number: 6684796Abstract: A burner has a body portion and a main outlet. Fuel and primary oxidant outlets are arranged upstream of the main outlet and are disposed substantially concentrically about the axis of the burner. A chamber inside the body portion provides a place for the mixing of the fuel and oxidant. A laval nozzle provides acceleration of the mixed fuel and oxidant. Particulate matter are injected into a secondary oxidant flow immediately adjacent and downstream of the accelerating nozzle. The burner can be used in an electric arc furnace for decarburization of metals as well as post combustion. The burner can be mounted in a water-cooled box and can be fitted with an oxygen port for extra oxygen for post combustion while the burner injects hot oxygen and carbon for slag forming.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1998Date of Patent: February 3, 2004Assignee: The BOC Group, plcInventor: Christian J. Feldermann
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Patent number: 6681760Abstract: A combustion system for a portable forced air heater having two frusta-conical sections attached to a circular burner tube, wherein each frusta-conical section has pre-determined vent hole patterns that allow the gas heater to have a variable burn rate.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2002Date of Patent: January 27, 2004Assignee: Topp Construction Services, Inc.Inventor: Daniel P. Topp