Abstract: A burner assembly for process heaters or the like comprising a burner block, primary gas jets, secondary gas jets, a flame holder, and an air register for installation in a furnace wall or furnace floor is described. The burners are characterized in that primary fuel is introduced into the primary combustion zone of the burner at an angle horizontal to the flame holder whereby the fuel induces furnace gases from the furnace into the primary combustion zone. Similarly, the secondary fuel jets introduce a secondary fuel through the burner block for consumption in a combustion zone at the surface of the burner block. The secondary fuel also draws furnace gases into the combustion zone for consumption. The design provides for intense mixing of combustion air with the fuel and furnace gases, resulting in low NO.sub.x levels.

Abstract: Furnace gas is aspirated through furnace gas conduits (44) to the low pressure throats (42) of the Venturi conduits (41) that move high oxygen content gas to the combustion chamber (28) of the aspirating burner (20). Fuel is injected through fuel conduit (46) to the combustion chamber (28) to mix with the gases and form the flame in the combustion chamber which is emitted at high velocity from the burner into the furnace.

Abstract: An improved process and apparatus for reducing NO.sub.x content of flue gas effluent from a furnace, the improvement comprising a burner assembly having a burner and flue gas recirculating system for collecting and passing internally recirculating flue gas into a combustion zone for reaction with a combustion flame. The burner preferably has a plurality of fuel dispensing nozzles peripherally disposed about the combustion zone to aspirate collected internally recirculating flue gas into the combustion zone, and has a plurality of fluid driven eductors to drive further amounts of collected internally recirculating flue gas into the combustion zone.

Abstract: A stationary gasifier (17) is located at a distance (49) from an air aperture plate (35). At the outlet (42) of the gasifier there is a stationary mixing head (29) having a deflector section (31) and lateral outlets (33). Fuel is supplied coaxially through an opening (55) of the air aperture plate. A flame tube (21) surrounds the gasifier (17) and an electric heater (39) leaving an annular space (40). When the burner is started up, the electric heater (39) is switched on until the gasifier has the necessary operating temperature. Fuel is then supplied. The fuel/air mixture is ignited by an electrode (65). The flame tube (21) extends to the end of the mixing head (29), or only a little therebeyond. A flame is formed at the outlets (33) that touches the flame tube after a short travel, then emerges from it and expands. Because the flame can immediately expand, only little NO.sub.x is formed.

Abstract: A burner head for a forced-air gas burner having a combustible gas distributor and a combustion air distributor, having radially disposed combustible gas nozzles and axially extending combustion air flow openings, in which the flame root is formed in the vicinity of the nozzles and flow openings, with ribs protruding radially into the flame region downstream of the flame root. A flame tube is provided coaxially with the burner tube, and an annular gap is provided for exhaust gas recirculation between the burner tube and the flame tube.

Abstract: A burner for directly flaming steel making materials to accomplish reduction without oxidation, wherein the burner comprises a plurality of combusion air outlets spaced circumferentially of the inner wall of a tubular burner tile, and fuel gas outlets disposed centrally of the burner tile, and wherein the combustion air outlets and fuel gas outlets are formed and disposed with specified jetting angles and distances to produce burning without oxidation.

Abstract: A burner for directly flaming steel making materials to accomplish reduction without oxidation, wherein the burner comprises a plurality of combustion air outlets spaced circumferentially of the inner wall of a tubular burner tile, and fuel gas outlets disposed centrally of the burner tile, and wherein the combustion air outlets and fuel gas outlets are formed and disposed with specified jetting angles and distances to produce buring without oxidation.

Abstract: A burner for burning gaseous and/or liquid fuels in a combustion space (5), through the face (3) of which an oil lance (12) and/or several gas lances (13 and 14) extend. The oil lance and at least some of the gas lances are surrounded by an air pipe (4) that supplies primary air with its outer surface demarcating a flue-gas recirculation channel that opens toward the combustion space and surrounded by a source of secondary air. The air pipe and the source of secondary air extend into the combustion space. The air pipe is surrounded inside the combustion space by a baffle (20) that is axially separated from the face of the combustion space. Some of the gas lances surround the air pipe and are mounted on a sector with a diameter that is shorter than the longest diameter of the baffle.

Abstract: A burner for directly flaming steel making materials to accomplish reduction without oxidation, wherein the burner comprises a plurality of combustion air outlets spaced circumferentially of the inner wall of a tubular burner tile, and fuel gas outlets disposed centrally of the burner tile, and wherein the combustion air outlets and fuel gas outlets are formed and disposed with specified jetting angles and distances to produce burning without oxidation.

Abstract: A burner for directly flaming steel making materials to accomplish reduction without oxidation, wherein the burner comprises a plurality of combustion air outlets spaced circumferentially of the inner wall of a tubular burner tile, and fuel gas outlets disposed centrally of the burner tile, and wherein the combustion air outlets and fuel gas outlets are formed and disposed with specified jetting angles and distances to produce burning without oxidation.

Abstract: A burner for directly flaming steel making materials to accomplish reduction without oxidation, wherein the burner comprises a plurality of combustion air outlets spaced circumferentially of the inner wall of a tubular burner tile, and fuel gas outlets disposed centrally of the burner tile, and wherein the combustion air outlets and fuel gas outlets are formed and disposed with specified jetting angles and distances to produce burning without oxidation.

Abstract: A burner for directly flaming steel making materials to accomplish reduction without oxidation, wherein the burner comprises a plurality of combustion air outlets spaced circumferentially of the inner wall of a tubular burner tile, and fuel gas outlets disposed centrally of the burner tile, and wherein the combustion air outlets and fuel gas outlets are formed and disposed with specified jetting angles and distances to produce burning without oxidation.

Abstract: The burner has a motor, a fuel pump and a fan. An easily replaceable component unit (27), the drive shaft (33) of which is coupled to the burner motor, is surrounded by the flame tube (21). The component unit (27) has a drive shaft (33), supported in an adaptor sleeve (37), for driving the gasifier (17). When the burner is started up, the rotatable gasifier (17) is heated by the heater (39). Once the gasifier has reached a predetermined temperature, the supply of fuel takes place through the line segment (19') and through the nozzle (71) to the immediate vicinity of the inner wall of the gasifier (17). Because of the rapid rotation, the fuel is distributed over the entire inner wall of the gasifier (17) and evaporates. Particularly in the mixing head (29), the evaporated fuel mixes with the combustion air flowing in through the opening (77) and is directed radially to the outside by a deflector (31, 31').

Abstract: A non-water cooled, nozzle-mixed oxy-fuel burner wherein high oxidant velocity and a venturi aspirate or recycle products of combustion through the burner block and mix them into the flowing oxidant stream to act as a diluent and provide mass to moderate flame temperature. The burner includes means in said oxidant stream to improve flame stability.

Abstract: A furnace and burner construction and method of burning fuel therein. The furnace housing has an end wall and side walls extending generally perpendicularly from the end wall and defining a furnace interior. One or more air supply ports open axially thereof through the end wall, and at least one fuel supply port opens axially thereof through the end wall and is spaced from the air supply port or ports. The air supply port is spaced from the side walls. When generally conical surfaces of jets of fuel and air are injected into the interior of the furnace through the air supply port or ports and the fuel supply port for carrying out burning of the fuel, recirculating currents of combustion products from the burning of the fuel are formed in the space between the jets and the side walls or between the jets themselves to lower the temperature of the burning.

Abstract: In a combustion device for burning a liquid atomized fuel with an oxygen containing gas and in which ejectors using oxygen as driving gas are sucking admixed exhaust gases into a space adjacent to a fuel supply nozzle, the inventive feature is to provide guide vanes of spiral shape in the space adjacent to the fuel supply.

Abstract: A burner system comprising a central hearth tube defining a combustion chamber for a mixture of gas and air and made from thermomechanical ceramic, a tubular element comprising at its end located towards the gas outlet a radial restriction forming an axial and radial positioning stop for the hearth tube whereas the assembly of the latter to the other component parts of the burner is effected by a spring adapted to produce an axial pressure force under the impact of which the hearth tube is bearing upon said stop through a radial shoulder provided in its reduced portion, the burner providing a high velocity of outflow of the burnt gases.

Abstract: The burner has a motor (11), a fuel pump (13) and a fan (15). In the flame tube (81) is a gasification chamber having a gasification chamber housing (75) coaxially located to the flame tube (81), and a housing (75) located at a distance therefrom. The rotor (17) located in the housing (75) can be axially moved with respect to the bearing (29), thereby causing a slot between the axial bearing surfaces (51, 53). Through this slot fuel is ejected into the gasification chamber by the rotation of the rotor (17). The opening of the slot between the axial bearing surfaces (51, 53) depends on the oil pressure which is determined by signals of the heating control 24. The fuel throughput may be controlled in steps or continuously according to the heat requirements. The electric heating (77) is only used during the start phase. In operation of the burner the heat requirements for the gasifying chamber (25) are covered by the recirculation of hot combustion gases through the recirculation gas inlet (73).

Abstract: A gaseous fuel reactor is formed from a plurality of concentric casings which form a primary air chamber, a secondary air chamber, a combustion chamber, a gas distribution chamber, and a tertiary air chamber. The flow of gas and air through the various chambers interact to provide controlled flame characteristics. Additionally, the flame is maintained at a lower temperature to avoid the formation of pollutants.

Abstract: The flame temperature of a fluid fuel fired burner (10) is reduced by mixing flue gas (35) with the combustion air supply (34) before introduction of the fuel and combustion take place. The NOX produced by the process of combustion is thereby reduced. The flue gas (35) may also be induced from the furnace remote from the flame zone of the burner (10) such that the flame is not disturbed. A venturi (21) may be used to induce the flue gas (35) from the furnace.

Abstract: An installation for monitoring combustion to control pollution and retard other deleterious effects of improper combustion employs a smoke sampling duct to draw off a portion of the smoke emanation from the combustion chamber. The smoke in the sampling duct flows past a probe and is then vented from the duct. The probe senses oxygen or other substances in the smoke and emits signals to a device which analyzes the quality of combustion. A gas inlet in the sampling duct is situated upstream of the probe and gas is intermittently discharged into that duct to ascertain whether the probe is operating properly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for waste heat recovery and reduction in industrial furnaces and heating equipment. The method of heat recovery comprises directing the exhaust gases through a system of channels inside the refractory wall where heat from the flue gases is transferred to the refractory lining and also to the combustion air traveling inside of a heat exchanger also located inside said channels. The high temperature exhaust flue gases traveling along said channels increase the hot face temperature of the refractory wall and reduce the heat flux from the working chamber through the refractory wall. An apparatus for the realization of the heat recovery method includes a flue duct, a recuperator, hot air piping and a hot air burner, all located inside the furnace wall refractory lining.

Abstract: An intermediary chamber associated to a device for feeding a pulsatory combustion chamber with fuel and comburent includes a heat tube l65 defining with the inner channel wall 125 a recirculation zone for the burnt gases issuing from the combustion chamber. The intermediary channel located between the combustion chamber for pulsatory combustion of a mixture of fuel and a combustive agent and an injection chamber includes the heat tube being directly communicated with the combustion chamber, wherein an internal wall of the intermediary channel and an outer surface of the heat tube define a recirculation zone for the recirculaton of burn gases issuing from the combustion chamber, the recirculation zone being at least partially open at an upper end thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved premix burner and a method of its operation for combustion with a minimum of NO.sub.x emissions. The improvement is achieved by combining staged combustion with a premix burner in a manner such that mixing of the secondary air with the flame is delayed.

Abstract: An apparatus for gasifying and combusting a liquid fuel, comprising: a fuel spraying nozzle; an air blowing cylinder disposed coaxially with and so as to surround the fuel spraying nozzle; a porous burner cone made of an absorptive porous ceramic, consisting of a practically cylindrical section and a conical section merging into the practically cylindrical section and expanding toward the front, and disposed in front of the air blowing cylinder coaxially with the fuel spraying nozzle; a burner cup of the shape of a hollow cone provided with a suitable number of small holes formed in the wall thereof over the entire area except the central portion thereof around the apex and disposed with the majority thereof received in the conical section of the porous burner cone so that the space formed between the porous burner cone and the burner cup has an appropriate cross-sectional area to prevent the stagnation of the air-fuel mixture within the porous burner cone and to make the air-fuel mixture flow through the spa

Abstract: A device for combustion of a fuel with substantially pure oxygen using partial recirculation of the combustion gases which has separate ejectors suspended between discs which are in turn connected to a resiliently suspended hub.

Abstract: A cylindrical combustion chamber for use with a hot fog generating machine is provided with a cast iron liner formed in three pieces. Each of the three pieces are spaced from the outer cylindrical shell of the combustion chamber and are provided with longitudinally directed fins which are equally spaced about the circumference of each piece. The fins in each piece are circumferentially offset from the fins on the adjacent piece so as to define a spiral passage for the gasses between the liner and the shell. An inlet is provided through the shell adjacent one end and a fuel injection nozzle and ignition device are provided adjacent the opposite end. The combustion gasses then move downwardly through the liner to an outlet at the opposite end. Upon generation of a backpressure the combustion gasses can pass outwardly of the liner to recirculate with the incoming air.

Abstract: In a gasifying oil burner with an oil atomizing device, with combustion air upply means surrounding the atomizing device, with a shield having a shield opening, said shield being disposed downstream of the outlet of the atomizer, with a mixing tube disposed downstream of the outlet of the atomizer, with a mixing tube disposed downsteam of an co-axial with the shield opening, with a radial passage at an upstream portion of the mixing tube, with a generally cylindric flame tube whose upstream end is sealingly connected to the end wall of the combustion air supply means carrying the shield, and wherein it is proposed that the mixing tube be provided with a solid wall at a section thereof adjoining the shield, that the radial passage adjoin a part of the mixing tube provided with the solid wall, and that the axial length of the mixing tube portion with the solid wall extending between the shield and the radial passage be between the 0.1-multiple and the 0.

Abstract: Oxygen is introduced through oxygen supply line (5) into an annular gallery (6) which it leaves at high velocity through annular channel (7). The outlet of the annular channel (7) is shaped so that, by virtue of the Coanda effect, the oxygen travels towards the downstream end of the burner (1) substantially parallel to the wall of the tubular body (2). Combustion gas from combustion chamber (13) is induced between support bars (4) into the tubular body (2) by the flow of oxygen and mixes with the oxygen and subsequently with natural gas introduced through fuel supply line (8). The mixture burns at the outlet (9) of the fuel supply line (8). The maximum temperature reached by the gas leaving the burner (1) is substantially lower than that which would be obtained by a conventional oxy-fuel flame. The burner may be used in radiant tubes.

Abstract: To allow liquid and/or gaseous fuels to be burned with decreased NO.sub.x formation, the combustion air is fed in at axial intervals one after the other. The percentage of primary air is higher than that of secondary air. The injector effect of the primary air draws flue gas out of the firebox and supplies it to a flame-initiation point between the primary-air and secondary-air feeds.

Abstract: An evaporation burner comprises a burning unit having a hollow gas chamber therein and burning plates on its surface, a gas generating chamber through which a preheat burning flame may flow, an inlet window through which the preheat burning flame within the gas generating chamber may flow into the burning unit, and recirculation windows through which apart of the preheat burning flame entering into the burning unit may be recirculated back to the gas generating chamber. The gas generating chamber is located adjacent to the burning unit and substantially along the centerline of the burning unit. The burning unit and the gas generating chamber are communicated to each other. The recirculation windows are adjusted to vary their closing/opening degree, as desired, by an opening/closing damper.

Abstract: A fuel inlet assembly for a fuel reactor which has an inner shell mounted coaxially within an outer shell, which is closed at one axial end, the outer shell having an inlet for introducing combustion air into the annular space between the inner and outer shells, the other end of the inner shell being spaced from the inlet assembly which is mounted at the other end of the outer shell, the fuel inlet assembly including a base plate which is mountable on said other end of the outer shell, and having a fuel inlet aperture therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel-fired heating element of the tubular kind particularly though not exclusively for use as an immersed heating tube in molten metals, salts or fluidized beds of solid particles for conductive heating or for use in an enclosed or partially enclosed chamber to provide radiant and convective heating.The element includes a tubular housing 1 having one end 2 closed and an opening to provide an outlet 4 for combustion products. A burner assembly 6 is received with an annular clearance 51 within the housing between the outlet 4 and the closed end 2 and is arranged to direct its combustion products as a stream towards the closed end 2.The tube 7 encloses with clearance three axially aligned tubes 60, 61 and 62 whose external and internal diameters decrease sequentially from the burner 6 to the end 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the recovery of heat values, including sensible heat and/or combustion heat, from vitiated gaseous mixtures containing oxygen and/or combustibles together with inert diluents in which a supplemental fuel is burned, in a combustion zone or the first stage of a two-stage, rich-lean combustion zone, the vitiated gaseous mixture is mixed with the combustion products at the downstream end of the combustion zone or the first stage of the two-stage combustion zone, as the case may be, and the effluent of the combustion is passed to a heat utiization zone.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a liquid hydrocarbon fuel combustor which includes a fresh air blast pipe disposed in a hole formed in the circumferential wall of a can-type body. The leading end of the blast pipe is opened toward a combustion chamber which is formed in the can-type body. A fuel atomizing nozzle is disposed in the blast pipe for atomizing a liquid hydrocarbon fuel from the leading end opening of the blast pipe into the combustion chamber. An electrode rod is disposed in the blast pipe for igniting and burning the mixture of the liquid fuel droplets, which are injected from the atomizing nozzle, and the fresh air which is blown from the blast pipe. A mixing tube is disposed in front of the leading end opening of the blast pipe in the atomizing direction such that it is coaxially connected to the blast pipe. The mixing tube has at least its front half counter-tapered in a diverging form.

Abstract: An oil burner for installation in heating or steam-raising boilers. The ber has downstream of an oil atomization device a plate having a single opening or a plurality of openings arranged in a ring coaxially of the oil atomising device, the plate opening or openings being the only throughway for combustion air. A mixing tube is arranged coaxially at a distance downstream of the plate. The mixing tube has a diameter greater than the diameter of the single opening or of a circle which encloses the plurality of openings in the plate. A flame tube positioned coaxially around the mixing tube has a length such that the flow of combustion gases downstream of the mixing tube is applied against the internal wall of the flame tube. To enable the burner alternatively to be used for burning gaseous fuel at will, an annular chamber for the supply of a gaseous fuel and having gas outlet openings in the region of the plate opening or openings is also provided downstream of and close to the plate.

Abstract: The invention is a recuperative burner, with heat exchange between the exhausting combustion products and incoming combustion air to the burner nozzle, in which the recuperator essentially comprises separable components of conical shape. The advantages are ease of dismantling, even if the conical components have distorted in use; improved flexibility of design, resulting in better efficiency and reduced formation of nitrogen oxides; and lower costs for both manufacture and maintenance.

Abstract: A combustion safety apparatus wherein combustion exhaust gas of a burner is arranged to be introduced into a detecting tube having a tubular oxygen concentration cell element, and a safety valve is arranged to be controlled in operation by the output of the cell element. The detecting tube is in communication at its outlet opening with a mixing tube of the foregoing burner or another burner.

Abstract: A blue-flame oil burner including a flame-tube, a wall extending transvery of the flame-tube and defining the upstream end thereof, the wall having therein a metering orifice through which air enters the flame-tube, the orifice being the only air inlet into the flame-tube, an oil atomizing nozzle positioned upstream of the wall and discharging an oil spray through the orifice into the flame-tube, and a mixing tube positioned within the flame-tube co-axially of the orifice and having its upstream end spaced axially from the wall by a distance such that the peripheral area of the space between the wall and the upstream end of the mixing tube and defined within an imaginary upstream extension of the peripheral wall of the mixing tube to the transverse wall is between one and three times the difference between the cross-sectional area at the upstream end of the mixing tube and that at the orifice, the mixing tube having a length, L, and a diameter, D, such that the ratio L/D is between 1.0 and 1.

Abstract: A recirculating processing oven heater (10) disclosed includes first and second flow paths (22,26) with an internal heat exchanger (36) located downstream from a burner (24) and upstream from a conical mixing member (28) that deflects gas from the first path outwardly for mixing with bypass gas that flows along the second path. Thermal incineration of unburned combustible gases takes place along the first path (22) after heating thereof by the burner and prior to passage thereof through the internal heat exchanger (36). Heat extracted by the internal heat exchanger (36) is supplied to the upstream end of one of the flow paths (22,26), preferably the first flow path (22) so as to provide most efficient operation of the heater.

Abstract: An oil burner including an oil atomizing nozzle to be mounted upstream of a ransverse wall in a cylindrical flame tube and to discharge oil through an aperture in the wall through which air also passes into a cylindrical mixing tube positioned co-axially within the flame tube and open at its downstream end. The flame tube has a length at least twice its diameter and a diameter between 2.0 and 2.5 times the diameter of the mixing tube. At least one passage adjacent the transverse wall communicates between the interior of the flame tube and the interior of the mixing tube to recirculate combustion gases from the downstream end of the mixing tube to the upstream end thereof. The peripheral wall of the mixing tube adjacent its downstream end is perforated.

Abstract: A water heating apparatus includes a tank that contains the liquid to be heated and a casing serving as a combustion chamber disposed within the tank and extending slightly beyond the cylindrical shell of the tank. The casing is disposed in the tank at an angle so as to slope downwardly and through the shell. This slope allows for the run-off of condensate which forms as a by-product of combustion. The combustion chamber casing also includes a baffle assembly disposed within the casing. The baffle assembly defines a series of passageways with ever decreasing cross-sectional areas that force the combustion gases to accelerate as they move from the combustion zone to the flue.

Abstract: A compact burner-boiler combination having an improved heating cycle for effecting substantial fuel saving and maximum boiler and combustion efficiency in a relatively simple and expedient manner. This is attained by a compact boiler construction utilizing an improved burner construction and method of combustion in which a liquid fuel is gasified by the heating products of combustion to form a homogeneous fuel gas-air mixture prior to combustion so as to effect a substantially stoichiometric burning of the fuel so as to result in a high velocity and a very high flame temperature (approx. 4100.degree. F.) and to cause the breakdown of a portion of the hydrocarbons into their basic component elements so as to make them available for diffusion burning.

Abstract: Apparatus for recirculating combustion exhaust gases to the burner region of a Stirling cycle hot-gas engine to lower combustion temperature and reduct NO.sub.x formation includes a first wall separating the exhaust gas stream from the inlet air stream, a second wall separating the exhaust gas stream from the burner region, and low flow resistance ejectors formed in the first and second walls for admitting the inlet air to the burner region and for entraining and mixing with the inlet air portion of the exhaust gas stream. In a preferred embodiment the ejectors are arranged around the periphery of a cylindrical burner region and oriented to admit the air/exhaust gas mixture tangentially to promote mixing. In another preferred embodiment a single annular ejector surrounds and feeds the air/exhaust gas mixture to a cylindrical burner region. The annular ejector includes an annular plate with radially-directed flow passages to provide an even distribution of the air/exhaust gas mixture to the burner region.

Abstract: The burner is constructed with three concentric annular spaces which terminate in a ceramic muffle and a plurality of straight passages which extend coaxially through the muffle. The innermost space surrounds a burner lance and is supplied with fresh air while the other annular spaces and passages are supplied with a flue gas/air mixture from a distribution chamber. This latter chamber is connected to a take-off line of the combustion chamber in order to receive the flue gas and various means can be used to mix fresh air into the flue gas before entry into the distribution chamber.

Abstract: A fuel burner adapted to produce a stable, non-contaminating blue flame throughout a broad operating range. The burner includes a combustion zone into which is directly fed the combustion air. Air-atomized liquid fuel is fed into the combustion zone through a Venturi whose constricted throat communicates by way of a feedback passage to the combustion zone, whereby the ejector effect produced by the atomized fuel passing through the Venturi causes a portion of the hot combustion gas generated in the combustion zone to be drawn into the throat to intermix with the atomized fuel therein, thereby pre-vaporizing the fuel to insure full combustion thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a geyseric burner assembly for selectively and efficiently burning either oil or a gaseous fuel therein and discharging the combustion flow in an axial direction. The burner assembly includes a plurality of concentric shells defining an outer housing, a plenum which communicates with a forced air supply and an air passageway which delivers air for combustion from the plenum along the interior shells where the air is preheated to a toroidally shaped mixing ring which is disposed on an inclined floor about a gas pilot nozzle. Oil or gaseous fuel is selectively introduced to the burner toward the mixing ring where it mixes in a rolling or turbulent geyseric motion with the inflowing air resulting in instantaneous ignition and combustion.

Abstract: The invention is to be used for afterburning of polydisperse high-ash thermal decomposition residues, as well as in the construction of the first stage of power utility furnaces for burning fuel with a low yield of volatile products and with a low reactivity.The furnace comprises a chamber having its bottom part narrowing downwards which is provided with an inlet pipe for admission of air and fuel to the chamber, and the top part of the chamber is provided with an outlet pipe for removal of combustion products from the chamber.A combustion stabilizer is accommodated in the chamber which comprises a blade-type stream swirling device having its blades arranged in the cross-section of the top part of the chamber upstream the outlet pipe in the path of flow of combustion products.

Abstract: In a fluent fuel burner using a flame anchor plate, secondary air from a plenum leaves the plenum through a restricted passage so that the secondary air is at high velocity and correspondingly low pressure and this low pressure is used to suck the flame to the rim of the anchor plate. Two dual fuel burners are described in which a gaseous fuel introduction means has an enlarged end portion which extends from within the air plenum into a combustion space, the said portion having slots in it to allow primary air to enter the said portion to serve as primary air for combustion, and which has associated with it a flame anchor plate. The plenum has a wall on the combustion side with a hole in it. In one embodiment, the anchor plate overlies the rim of the hole so that a narrow annular passage defined between the plate and the wall directs the secondary air in a radial blast.

Abstract: Burner units for fluid fuels such as oil or gas include a combustion chamber, a prechamber, means to enable combustion gases to recirculate from the combustion chamber to the prechamber, a mixing chamber in communication with the prechamber and the combustion chamber, a fuel nozzle for distributing fuel into the recirculated combustion gases and means including an air nozzle for supplying combustion air to the mixture of fuel and combustion gases whereby the energy of the air jet emerging from the air nozzle forms at least partially the means for recirculating the combustion gases.