Abstract: An internal combustion burner system includes a combustion chamber that has spaced plate type sidewalls and peripheral wall structure secured to the sidewalls. Housing structure surrounds and cooperates with the peripheral chamber wall structure to define flow paths that extend around the perimeter of the combustion chamber. An air-fuel mixture is fed through a housing inlet and along the perimeter flow paths for cooling the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber and then into the combustion chamber through flame stabilizer ports. The air-fuel mixture is burned in the combustion chamber, and the resulting combustion products are discharged from the chamber in one or more high velocity jets. During burner operation, the uncooled combustion chamber sidewalls are typically red hot and flex to accommodate thermal expansion forces while the peripheral walls of the chamber provide a stable peripheral frame that is regeneratively cooled by the air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A combustor using D.sub.2 /NF.sub.3 /He is used in a laser gain generator in a cylindrical gas laser. The combustor includes a plurality of primary rings having fuel, oxidizer and diluent orifices therein. Fuel and oxidizer orifices form a triplet injector set that provides a reactant set. Two diluent orifices form a diluent injector set that provides a diluent set. These sets alternate about each primary ring and from one primary ring to the adjacent primary ring. Because the diluent set does not mix directly with the reactant set initially, a greater percentage of lasing products are formed because of the higher temperature in the reacting zone. Diluent is mixed as required at a later stage in the flow.

Abstract: A steam generator having substantial thermal capacity for producing high quality steam used primarily for downhole steam generation in tertiary oil recovery. Incorporated in the generator is a novel high pressure, high heat release combustor, utilizing high pressure gaseous fuel and compressed gas oxidizer such as air, wherein thermal and mechanical stresses on the combustor structure are controlled. A method for controlling combustion induced mechanical stresses on the combustor through fluid injection is also disclosed. Disclosed designs provide substantially increased combustor life in "Downhole" Steam Generation service. The burner employs an ignition technique utilizing gaseous injection of a pyrophoric compound such as triethylborane (TEB).

Abstract: A laser effects simulator having inner and outer cylinders which serve as parate plenums for two gases--a fuel and an oxidizer. Each plenum contains a multiplicity of small release ports or holes. An inner cylinder serves as a combustion chamber. The inner cylinder contains two sets of small release ports or holes arranged to simultaneously match or line up with the multiplicity of ports in the two plenums. Thus, allowing both fuel and oxidizer to be admitted to the combustion chamber and become mixed. On one end of the inner cylinder is an igniter that starts the combustion process. The reaction creates a high temperature mixture which expands to a low density hot gas that simulates the results that are produced when a high energy laser beam interacts with a solid surface.

Abstract: A machine for flame processing textile fabric webs (27), especially a singeing machine, is equipped with a burner unit (35) which comprises a combustion chamber terminating in a singeing slit, connected to a gas mixing chamber by a mixture feed slot (7).To save energy, the width of the working flame should be adjustable continuously and with low operating cost, whereby in particular provision should be made for automatically adjusting the flame width to the width of the fabric web (27) being processed. For this purpose, the burner unit (35) is provided with one or two flexible sealing strips (13) for the mixture feed slot, said strips being insertable from one or both ends of the burner unit, each of said strips further having its outer end wound on a winding body (33), rotatable for adjusting the inner ends of sealing strips (13).

Abstract: A burner unit for a flame treatment of flat textile materials includes a combustion chamber terminating in a singeing slot supplied from a gas mixture chamber by two parallel burner slots, with the gas mixture chamber being encased by a burner element including two substantially U-shaped profile members clamped together along longitudinal edges with an interposition of mixture distributing rail for delimiting the burner slots respectively along a longitudinal side. To achieve a significant uniformity of the singeing flame in a longitudinal direction, the mixture distributing rail is enclosed between two guide strips respectively defining the outer longitudinal side of the burner slots, with the guide strips being clamped together with the mixture distributing rail, as a package, between the two substantially U-shaped profile members.

Abstract: A carbon black reactor having tangential entry of combustion gases is provided with semicircular ramps to smoothly guide the flow of each tangentially introduced stream of combustion gases toward the reactor outlet enough to avoid turbulent impact with other tangentially introduced combustion gas streams.

Abstract: A burner for gaseous or liquid fuel for heating furnaces includes a ceramic combustion chamber (20) for incomplete combustion of the fuel with primary air from which hot gases exit at high velocity through a constricted outlet (24). The combustion chamber is surrounded by a chamber (42) for the preheated remainder air necessary to complete combustion. Out of this chamber high velocity jets of air issue through nozzle openings encircling the combustion chamber outlet. Energy is saved and simple construction maintained by providing a tubular heat recuperator (4, 7, 9) rearwardly of the combustion chamber in which a cylindrical wall of temperature resistant steel passes to separate the recuperator into two annular chambers (10,11) and extends forward over a large part of the axial length of the combustion chamber so as to form an outer boundary of the remainder air chamber.

Abstract: A burner for the operation of premixing burners, with gaseous fuels or vaporized fuels for the production in a mixer pipe of a homogeneous mixture comprising the fuel, the quantity of combustion air required for the complete combustion of the fuel and additional cooling gas as needed for combustion between 1,100.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. This mixture flows to a burner head with a widening cross-section and a burner plate at the wide end where it is burnt at a central main flame bore arranged at the burner plate and several surrounding support flame bores. The flames then pass through a converging burner mouth and a downstream flame guard which protects the flames against the entrance of air or flue gas from the environment, against cooling and against heating until the completion of combustion. The burner mouth and the flame guard are coated by a non-catalytic material.

Abstract: In the ignition and starting phase of a high pressure combustion chamber device enables the flow velocity in the combustion pipe of the combustion chamber (21) to be reduced by the blocking air injected in counterflow through a slot nozzle in the narrowest cross section at the combustion chamber outlet (17) to such an extent that it is less than the flame propagation velocity. Owing to the fact that an adjustable throttle aperture (18) is fitted in the starting air line (16), during the starting process the pressure of the air jet issuing from the combustion chamber (21) is always less than the blocking air flow.

Abstract: An evaporation burner comprises a burning unit having a hollow gas chamber therein and burning plates on its surface, a gas generating chamber through which a preheat burning flame may flow, an inlet window through which the preheat burning flame within the gas generating chamber may flow into the burning unit, and recirculation windows through which apart of the preheat burning flame entering into the burning unit may be recirculated back to the gas generating chamber. The gas generating chamber is located adjacent to the burning unit and substantially along the centerline of the burning unit. The burning unit and the gas generating chamber are communicated to each other. The recirculation windows are adjusted to vary their closing/opening degree, as desired, by an opening/closing damper.

Abstract: The combustor comprises a single sheet of metal coated with catalyst and wound into a spiral. There is a single spiral passage leading into the core of the spiral. The fuel-air mixture burns on the catalyzed surface of the spiral, and heat is transferred through the metal wall of the spiral to the incoming fuel-air mixture. The incoming fuel-air mixture is preheated to a temperature sufficient to start the catalytic combustion. The fuel content in the mixture can be below the flammability limit. The combustor is compact so that it can be used as a catalytic air preheater in a downhole steam generator.

Abstract: A burner for the operation of premixing burners, with gaseous fuels or vaporized fuels for the production in a mixer pipe of a homogeneous mixture comprising the fuel, the quantity of combustion air required for the complete combustion of the fuel and additional cooling gas as needed for combustion between 1,100.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. This mixture flows to a burner head with a widening cross-section and a burner plate at the wide end where it is burnt at a central main flame bore arranged at the burner plate and several surrounding support flame bores. The flames then pass through a converging burner mouth and a downstream flame guard which protects the flames against the entrance of air or flue gas from the environment, against cooling and against heating until the completion of combustion. The burner mouth and the flame guard are coated by a non-catalytic material.

Abstract: A fuel fired burner assembly comprises a fuel supply conduit (2) terminating in a nozzle (1) which extends with annular clearance (8a) into a combustion chamber (7) located within a tunnel (3). The nozzle (1) is provided with radially directed outlet passages (18) which convey the fuel from the conduit (2) to the clearance (8a) where the fuel mixes with air entering the clearance (8a) from passages (15), (16) and (8b). These passages formed between the tunnel body (3), an outer tunnel sleeve (11) and an intermediate sleeve (14) between the body (3) and the sleeve (11). The nozzle (1) is also provided with a through-going aperture (19) which is located between two adjacent fuel ports (18) and which is axially offset from the nozzle axis. Extending through the aperture (19) with annular clearance (20) is an electrically operated flame detection probe (21) whose electrode tip (22) is disposed within the central section (6) of the tunnel (3).

Abstract: A fuel inlet assembly for a fuel reactor which has an inner shell mounted coaxially within an outer shell, which is closed at one axial end, the outer shell having an inlet for introducing combustion air into the annular space between the inner and outer shells, the other end of the inner shell being spaced from the inlet assembly which is mounted at the other end of the outer shell, the fuel inlet assembly including a base plate which is mountable on said other end of the outer shell, and having a fuel inlet aperture therein.

Abstract: A device for gas jet cutting of materials, comprises a head (1), the case of which accommodates a primary and a secondary combustion chambers (3 and 4) interconnected by an axial passage (5), and injectors (9, 10, 11, 12) for supplying fuel and oxidizer into said combustion chambers (3 and 4). A nozzle (7) mating with the primary combustion chamber (3) ejects a cutting gas jet, and an igniter (8) is fitted to the secondary combustion chamber (4). The oxidizer supply injector (12) communicates with the primary combustion chamber (3) through the axial passage (5).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel-fired heating element of the tubular kind particularly though not exclusively for use as an immersed heating tube in molten metals, salts or fluidized beds of solid particles for conductive heating or for use in an enclosed or partially enclosed chamber to provide radiant and convective heating.The element includes a tubular housing 1 having one end 2 closed and an opening to provide an outlet 4 for combustion products. A burner assembly 6 is received with an annular clearance 51 within the housing between the outlet 4 and the closed end 2 and is arranged to direct its combustion products as a stream towards the closed end 2.The tube 7 encloses with clearance three axially aligned tubes 60, 61 and 62 whose external and internal diameters decrease sequentially from the burner 6 to the end 2.

Abstract: A steam generator including a combustion chamber having fuel and air inlets at the upstream end and a water inlet at the downstream end to inject water into the flue gas, a vaporizer in communication with the downstream end of the combustor and a pressure control to vary the size of the discharge opening of the vaporizer and thus control the pressure within the combustor and vaporizer, including; a slideably movable plug attached to and operable by a fluid operated piston.

Abstract: The burner for metallurgical furnaces comprises a main combustion chamber (7) and an auxiliary combustion chamber (5) presenting a plurality of outlet channels (6) communicating with the main combustion chamber (7). To the main combustion chamber there is fed in a pulsating manner a primary mix of fuel gas and air in stoichiometric ratio, and, during the intervals between the feed pulses, a secondary mix of fuel gas and air with a coefficient of excess air of 1.15 to 1.35 and at a rate of flow corresponding to 1 to 3% of the nominal rate of flow. To the auxiliary combustion chamber (5) there is instead continuously fed an auxiliary mix of fuel gas and air with a coefficient of excess air of 0.65 to 0.85 and at a rate of flow corresponding to 1 to 3% of the rate of flow of the primary mix. The combustion products of the auxiliary mix stay in the auxiliary combustion chamber (5) for a very short time, more particularly for about from 0.005 to 0.01 sec.

Abstract: A cyclone furnace assembly includes a housing having an inlet end and an outlet end, with the inlet end cooperating with a fuel inlet chamber which injects the ash-containing fuel-air mixture into the furnace. The outlet end of the furnace includes a re-entrant throat extension member having an outer surface which is flared towards the frontal inlet wall surface of the furnace housing for increasing the residence time of the fuel-air mixture within the assembly to insure combustion of the fuel-air mixture.

Abstract: A pulse combustor comprises a throttle plate provided in a cylindrical body for dividing the interior of the body into a combustion chamber and a mixture chamber and having a throttle hole, gas suction holes communicating with the combustion chamber, air suction holes communicating with the combustion chamber, igniting plug provided in the combustion chamber for explosing and burning the mixture gas of the air and the fuel gas therein, and valve plate provided in the mixture chamber for shutting off the communication of the gas suction holes and air suction holes with the mixture chamber when the pressure in the mixture chamber becomes positive as the mixture gas is exploded and burnt and enabling the communication when the pressure in the mixture chamber becomes negative.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for producing a hot gas to shrink plastic foils, with at least one burner mounted in a housing provided with a discharge nozzle for the hot gas. To better control the hot-gas temperature and hence the temperature of shrinking, the apparatus is provided with such a burner arrangement that the hot-gas jet (9 or 10) leaving the burner (7 or 8) is directed at an angle to the discharge flow defined by the discharge nozzle (6) and with a jet-deflection means for the hot-gas jet (9 or 10) before the discharge nozzle (6).In a preferred embodiment the jet deflection is implemented by a jet (17) of cold air by means of which the hot-gas jet (9 or 10) is simultaneously directed and cooled. In a preferred mode, the pressure and the flow rate of the cold-air jet (17) are controlled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a steam generator which comprises rocket-type multielement injector head and a small diameter, highly elongated, cylindrical combustion chamber whose walls are formed from a plurality of longitudinally adjoined water tubes. The multielement injector head injects an array of associating streams of fuel and oxidizer into the combustion chamber under sufficient pressure to maintain a combustion pressure in the range of 25-150 psia whereupon the narrowness of the combustion chamber serves to constrict the resultant combustion gases to thereby promote radiant and convective heat transfer from the flame of combustion through the walls of the combustion chamber into the water passing through the water tubes. By such arrangement the production of nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber is avoided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for generating high pressure steam within a well bore. The steam vapor generator is constructed for receiving and mixing high pressure water, fuel and oxidant in a down-hole configuration. High pressure water is received within a heat exchanger constructed around a combustion chamber in an annular sleeve configuration and heated through a thermal wall region forming a lower portion thereof. The combustion chamber utilizes the heat energy of radiation to heat the water flowing in the annular sleeve to the point of steam. The heat exchanger further includes a series of open ended flow tubes which triplicate the length of the flow path of the water prior to egressing from the sleeve. A collection chamber is provided beneath the combustion chamber in communication with the heat exchanger for the mixing of the high pressure vapor and the exhaust thereof into the adjacent well formation.

Abstract: A low heat loss combustion chamber for a gain generator assembly is shown. The gain generator assembly operates in a cylindrical gas laser. The combustion chamber includes a plurality of primary rings having fuel and oxidizer injectors therein as well as primary nozzles. End caps attached to the primary rings contain reaction products so that they flow through the primary nozzles on the primary rings past a secondary injector array into a lasing cavity of the gas laser.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for generating high pressure steam within a well bore for facilitating recovery of hydrocarbon deposits. The steam vapor generator is constructed for receiving high pressure water, fuel and oxidant in a downhole position for select mixing and combustion. High pressure water is received around a combustion chamber in an annular configuration and heated through a thermal wall region forming a lower portion thereof. The combustion chamber utilizes the heat energy of radiation to heat the water in the annular sleeve to the point of steam. The water sleeve further includes orifices for egress of the steam and a plurality of vent tubes within the water sleeve. The vent tubes extend substantially the length of the sleeve for receiving excess water vapor and/or undissolved gases created from the heat of vaporization and out-gassing.

Abstract: A process for the operation of premixing burners, and a burner for carrying out the process, with gaseous fuels or vaporized fuels for the production in a mixer pipe of a homogeneous mixture comprising the fuel, the quantity of combustion air required for the complete combustion of the fuel and additional cooling gas as needed for combustion between 1,100.degree. and 1,700.degree. C. This mixture flows to a burner head with a widening cross-section and a burner plate at the wide end where it is burnt at a central main flame bore arranged at the burner plate and several surrounding support flame bores. The flames then pass through a converging burner mouth and a downstream flame guard which protects the flames against the entrance of air or flue gas from the environment, against cooling and against heating until the completion of combustion. The burner mouth and the flame guard are coated by a non-catalytic material.

Abstract: An attenuating burner apparatus which requires less energy to soften the glass filaments. A shroud is provided for the attenuation zone which retains heat and limits the amount of dilution air that is entrained by the attenuation blast. The forward portion of the shroud is pivoted to permit adjustment to provide general alignment with the attenuation blast. A closure is provided for at least one of the openings through which dilution air is inspirated and a preheater uses waste heat to increase the temperature of the dilution air inspirated through another of the openings.

Abstract: An apparatus for downhole steam generation employing dual-stage preheaters for liquid fuel and for the water. A first heat exchange jacket for the fuel surrounds the fuel/oxidant mixing section of the combustor assembly downstream of the fuel nozzle and contacts the top of the combustor unit of the combustor assembly, thereby receiving heat directly from the combustion of the fuel/oxidant. A second stage heat exchange jacket surrounds an upper portion of the oxidant supply line adjacent the fuel nozzle receiving further heat from the compression heat which results from pressurization of the oxidant. The combustor unit includes an inner combustor sleeve whose inner wall defines the combustion zone. The inner combustor sleeve is surrounded by two concentric water channels, one defined by the space between the inner combustor sleeve and an intermediate sleeve, and the second defined by the space between the intermediate sleeve and an outer cylindrical housing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for combustion of fuel wherein in two mutually perdicular air swirls are used. In the cylindrical section of the combustor, a horizontal swirl with respect to the combustor is set in motion. The conical section in conjunction with the cylindrical section forms a vertical swirl with respect to the combustor. Notably, the combustor is not dependent upon orientation in a gravity field.

Abstract: An apparatus for generation of steam in a borehole for penetration into an earth formation wherein feedback preheater means are provided for the fuel and water before entering the combustor assembly. First, combustion gases are conducted from the combustion chamber to locations in proximity to the water and fuel supplies. Secondly, both hot combustion gases and steam are conducted from the borehole back to the water and fuel supply. The water used for conversion to steam is passed in a countercurrent manner through a plurality of annular water flow channels surrounding the combustion chamber. In this manner, the water is preheated, and the combustion chamber is cooled simultaneously, thereby minimizing thermal stresses and deterioration of the walls of the combustion chamber. The water is injected through slotted inlets along the combustion chamber wall to provide an unstable boundary layer and stripping of the water from the wall for efficient steam generation.

Abstract: A gas and steam generator having at least two interconnected combustion chambers wherein water in combination with combustible materials is utilized for creating power for a work operation, each combustion chamber being provided with a reduced nozzle-type outlet for creating great pressures and temperatures within the respective chambers, and each combustion chamber being arranged for receiving combustible materials therein for burning thereof. The initial combustion chamber preferably receives a fuel-oxygen mixture at the inlet end thereof for ignition, with the products of the combustion being maintained at a high pressure and temperature by the restrictive nozzle-type outlet of the chamber. Steam and additional combustible materials are introduced at the nozzle outlet of the chamber for ignition and passage into a next stage combustion chamber whereby additional heat and force is produced for ultimate delivery of great power for a work operation.

Abstract: A fuel reactor having an outer frusto-conical shell which is closed at one axial end and a fuel inlet at this axial end projects fuel axially into the outer shell and into an inner shell mounted coaxially therewith, the inner and outer shells being connected together at the discharge end of the inner shell, with the inner shell being open at its other end and axially spaced from the closed end of the outer shell. A tangential combustion air inlet is connected to the annular space between the two shells while a discharge nozzle is mounted on the discharge end of the inner shell. A number of circumferentially spaced tangential slots in the inner shell adjacent the nozzle scoop up some of the swirling air projected in through the tangential air inlet and direct some of the air onto the outer surface of the discharge nozzle so that it is cooled.

Abstract: An improved downhole steam injector has an angled water orifice to swirl the water through the device for improved heat transfer before it is converted to steam. The injector also has a sloped diameter reduction in the steam chamber to throw water that collects along the side of the chamber during slant drilling into the flame for conversion to steam. In addition, the output of the flame chamber is beveled to reduce hot spots and increase efficiency, and the fuel-oxidant inputs are arranged to minimize coking.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion device adapted for use with a boiler has an air distributor consisting of a row of generally horizontally oriented, apertured sparge pipes or tubes disposed in a bed of inert particulate material. The center pipes in the row are connected to a start-up burner for receiving heated combustion products and excess air and the outer pipes in the row are connected to selectively receive air through a separate delivery path. During start-up and low load conditions, only the center pipes are pressurized and so that only the center portion of the bed is fluidized to minimize the heat input requirements. Once the central portion of the bed has been heated to the required temperature, primary fuel is delivered to sustain combustion without the start-up burner. At the completion of the start-up process and during high fire conditions all of the tubes are pressurized to fluidize the entire bed.

Abstract: An elongated casing forming a combustion chamber and bearing a venturi type jet nozzle at one end and a fuel and compressed air supply at its opposite end, bears one or more radial passages opening to the venturi to permit a secondary fuel to feed into the flame exiting from the burner for reaction with free oxygen which is unburned from the primary fuel and air mixture entering the combustion chamber at said opposite end of the apparatus. The secondary fuel may be acetylene, methyl-acetylene and its compounds with hydrogen.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion device adapted for use with a boiler has an air distributor consisting of a plurality of rows of generally horizontally oriented, apertured sparge pipes disposed in a bed of inert particulate material. The rows of pipes are vertically spaced apart with the upper row being connected to a start-up burner for receiving heated combustion products and excess air and the lower rows of pipes are connected to selectively receive air or inert gases through a separate delivery path. During start-up and low load conditions, only the upper row of pipes is pressurized and so that only the upper portion of the bed is fluidized to minimize the heat input requirements. Once the upper portion of the bed has been heated to the required temperature, primary fuel is delivered to sustain combustion without the start-up burner. At the completion of the start-up process and during high fire conditions all of the rows of tubes are pressurized to provide a deeper bed of fluidized material.

Abstract: An elongated casing forming an air cooled combustion chamber includes a venturi type jet nozzle at one end and an ignition system spark plug at its opposite end in axial alignment with the nozzle bore. The spark plug includes a first electrode separated from a second electrode by an annular space. A gas having an oxygen content in excess of that of natural air is introduced to the annular space to improve ignition and internal burner start up. Liquid fuel flow is introduced into the region of extended spark within the combustion chamber and downstream of the ends of the first and second electrodes. Compressed air, after initial cooling of the combustion chamber wall and nozzle, enters the end of the combustion chamber housing the spark plug to create with the fuel a combustible mixture. Some of the compressed air is fed to the annular space between first and second electrodes to maintain the extended spark and improved ignition of the fuel/air mixture.

Abstract: Direct firing downbole steam generator basically comprises an injector assembly axially connected with a combustion chamber. Downstream of the combustion chamber and oriented so as to receive its output is a heat exchanger wherein preheated water is injected into the heat exchanger through a plurality of one-way valves, vaporized and injected through a nozzle, packer and check valve into the well formation.

Abstract: A high velocity gas burner has a housing divided by a partition into an air plenum and a combustion zone. Air is introduced into the plenum with a swirl. A ring of gas jets penetrate the partition through clearance holes. Each jet has a collar tending to impede air flow through the respective hole and the partition is axially displaceable relative to the collars. The partition is preferably cup-shaped with a skirt extending along the housing into the combustion zone so that secondary or excess air can bypass the combustion proper and cool the combustion products to the desired usable temperature.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for low emission burners in which the primary fuel is delivered in an annular spray into the primary combustion zone; at high power operation, secondary fuel is injected additionally in a low angle axial spray to penetrate beyond the primary zone and into the secondary combustion zone downstream of the primary zone.

Abstract: An incinerator apparatus consists of a container with an inlet for gaseous or particulate, combustible material together with combustion air, and has an outlet for combustion products, the walls of the container, and possible walls disposed in the interior of the container, being designed for the generation or vortices in the material flowing through the container from the inlet to the outlet. At least the surfaces of the walls facing the inner space of the container include a substance which has the capability to catalyze the oxidation of carbon and carbon compounds in the combustion in the apparatus.

Abstract: In a two stage burner construction in which primary fuel burns in an annulus in a primary combustion zone and secondary fuel is discharged through the primary zone to a secondary zone downstream of the primary zone, vortex generators are used in the passage through which the fuel and air entering the primary zone to enhance the mixing and to improve the toroidal flow in the combustion zone. Other vortex generators are used to improve the mixing of the secondary fuel and air to improve secondary combustion. The vortex generators may be used in conjunction with a trip on the secondary nozzle tube to further enhance primary combustion.

Abstract: A cyclone burner in which an air/fuel mixture is admitted through one or more ports located close to the throat through which combustion products escape from the burner, and additional air is admitted through one or more inlets located closer to the throat than said port or ports. The air/fuel mixture is admitted such that it moves tangentially to the curved internal wall of the burner, and the additional air is admitted such that it moves generally tangential to the direction of the combustion products travelling towards the throat, and towards one of the air/fuel ports.

Abstract: An atomizing nozzle particularly suited for your use in compact combustion chambers. Successful combustion of liquid fuels having generally high viscosity and widely varying properties such as distillation temperatures, distillation rates and impurities, including "heavy" and waste oil. Improved combustion is accomplished through the use of viscosity control and improved fuel atomization. Use of a nozzle utilizing "shearing" of the fuel by an atomizing fluid stream which intersects the fuel at approximately right angles. Recombination of liquid fuel particles is prevented by the use of a controlled "exit orifice" in the burner nozzle. The nozzle also features continuous circulation of the fuel in the nozzle body which establishes orientation of impurities contained in the fuel relative to the exit orifice so that they are expelled through the orifice. Combustion of conventional distillate fuel oil such as API No. 1 and 2 is also provided.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a high velocity stream of gas, for example, for treating a road surface, including an elongate combustion chamber having, along its lower surface, a plurality of discharge orifices, preferably arranged in a line, means to feed combustion gases into the upper portion of the combustion chamber and means to deflect the incoming gases, so that they are distributed within the combustion chamber prior to leaving the combustion chamber through the discharge orifices.

Abstract: A burner apparatus comprising in axial alignment a cylindrical first section connected through a restrictive opening to a frustoconical second section having its largest diameter at the downstream end and an axial outlet opening at the downstream end. Tangential combustion supporting gas inlets aligned in the same rotational direction are located in the cylindrical section and at the downstream end of the frustoconical section. The outlet opening in the frustoconical second section is of greater diameter than the restrictive opening between the sections and is of lesser diameter than the upstream end of the frustoconical second section so that a stable flame is produced in the second section, there is an inflow of external gas through the outlet opening, and a flow of combustion supporting gas in an upstream direction along the wall of the second section. A method for burning fuel in combustion supporting gas, particularly adapted to produce carbon black, is also provided.

Abstract: A sleeve and damper to increase the efficiency of oil burner performance designed to substantially enclose the flame. The sleeve is heated by the flame to a temperature sufficiently high to assure automatic ignition of unburned hydrocarbons that may result from incomplete combustion of the fuel oil. By controlling the damper operation in conjunction with an adjustable induction air apparatus, unburned hydrocarbons which would ordinarily result are completely oxidized. The resulting completeness of combustion permits the use of oil as a fuel to heat ovens without imparting any odor or taste to the food products being processed therewithin.

Abstract: An improved premix gas burner design suitable for use in a metal melting furnace which has long service life, a low degree of maintenance, is easily cleared in case of burner blockage, allows inspection of the combustion chamber or furnace interior and still maintains the desired turndown capabilities of premix gas burners. These results are achieved by providing usual and/or physical access to the interior of the burner through a novel access tunnel and by providing a dual composition refractory combustion chamber.

Abstract: An improved permix gas burner design suitable for use in a metal melting furnace which has a long service life, a low degree of maintenance, is easily cleared in case of burner blockage, allows inspection of the combustion chamber or furnace interior and still maintains the desired turndown capabilities of premix gas burners. These results are achieved by providing visual and/or physical access to the interior of the burner through a novel access tunnel and by providing a dual composition refractory combustion chamber.