Abstract: Increased turndown ratio is achieved by providing an atmospheric gas burner having a burner body with a plurality of ports formed therein and a fuel flow divider disposed in the burner body. The fuel flow divider defines a primary fuel chamber and at least one secondary fuel chamber, wherein the secondary fuel chamber is in fluid communication with at least one of the ports and the primary fuel chamber is in fluid communication with the remaining ports. A first mixing tube introduces a fuel-air mixture into the primary fuel chamber, and a second mixing tube introduces a fuel-air mixture into the secondary fuel chamber.

Abstract: Increased turndown ratio is achieved by providing an atmospheric gas burner having a burner body with a plurality of ports formed therein and a fuel flow divider disposed in the burner body. The fuel flow divider defines a primary fuel chamber and at least one secondary fuel chamber, wherein the secondary fuel chamber is in fluid communication with at least one of the ports and the primary fuel chamber is in fluid communication with the remaining ports. A first mixing tube introduces a fuel-air mixture into the primary fuel chamber, and a second mixing tube introduces a fuel-air mixture into the secondary fuel chamber.

Abstract: A pilot assembly includes a two part pilot housing and an orifice member mounted between the two housing parts. One housing part is fixable to a mount in a gas burning device and has a through passage. The orifice member is received in the passage. At least a portion of the other housing part is received in the passage to fix the orifice member in the passage.

Abstract: A gas burner with multiple gas rings comprising: a burner body (6) mountable underneath a top plate, with a cut-out section, of an appliance and incorporating a first, upwardly directed gas injector (14) and a second gas injector (9) followed by a horizontal tubular Venturi (10) opening into a vertical well (12); an outer burner head (3) seated on the body (6) through the cut-out section and spaced at a distance above the plate and provided with an annular chamber (22) open above the well (12) and having one or two rows of orifices for flames (4,5); and an inner burner head (1) shaped so as to have a radial divergent (37) coaxially supplied by the first injector through a recess located at the center (31) of the head (3), ports being provided in the head (3) so that all the primary air and the secondary air needed to operate the multiple burner arrives from the top of the top plate of the appliance.

Abstract: A combustor includes a pilot fuel nozzle and a plurality of main premixing nozzles arranged therearound for forming a premixture of air and fuel supplied from a main fuel nozzle, and is improved so as not to cause vibratory combustion. Pilot fuel nozzle unit 104 comprises a plurality of pilot fuel nozzles 103. A plurality of main premixing nozzles 102 are disposed on a coaxial circumference of the pilot fuel nozzle unit 104. The pilot fuel nozzles 103 are arranged irregularly in a circumferential direction of the pilot fuel nozzle unit 104, so as to form portion 105 where there is no pilot fuel nozzle 103. Premature in the main premixing nozzles 102 positioned corresponding to the pilot fuel nozzle 103 burns with comparatively short flames. Premature in the main premixing nozzles 102 positioned corresponding to the portion 105 of no pilot fuel nozzle 103 burns with long flames because of flames spreading from adjacent main fuel nozzles.

Abstract: A plate burner for combusting hydrogen with air as an oxidizer forms a wall portion of a combustion chamber for example of a gas turbine. The plate burner is so constructed that air and hydrogen are separately guided to the downstream surface area facing into the combustion chamber for forming a large number of diffusive microcombustion flames, thus achieving a very low mixing scale simultaneously with a high nixing intensity. The number of diffusive micorcombustion flames is so selected that the NOx content in the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is at the most 10×10−6 cubic foot per cubic foot of exhaust gas. The hydrogen enters the entrance area into the combustion chamber either through a porous wall, and air is injected into the hydrogen environment to form inverse diffusive microcombustion flames or the hydrogen is injected through a multitude of fine holes into high velocity air jets forming regular diffusion flames.

Abstract: A gas stove burner has a base having an annular outer edge and a lower ring sitting on the base, forming therewith a lower compartment, and having an outer edge forming with the base outer edge an outwardly open annular slot communicating with the lower compartment. An upper ring sitting on the lower ring forms therewith an upper compartment and has an outer edge forming with the lower-ring outer edge an array of outwardly open holes communicating with the upper compartment. The upper-ring outer edge has a diameter generally equal to a diameter of the lower-ring outer edge. A gas/air mixture is fed to each of the compartments so that the gas will issue from the holes to form an upper flame and from the slot to form a lower flame of substantially the same diameter.

Abstract: An incinerator for waste liquid comprises a container, a burner and an atomizer. An incineration chamber is defined inside the container. The incineration chamber has upper and lower sections, and the container has a vent adjacent to the upper section of the chamber. The burner is connected to the container near the lower section to jet flame into the chamber. The atomizer is connected to the container near the lower section to shoot atomized waste liquid upwardly into the chamber such that waste liquid shot out of the atomizer is directed toward the upper section. A method of incinerating waste liquid comprises the steps of jetting flame into the lower section of an incineration chamber having a vent adjacent to the upper section thereof, and shooting an atomized waste liquid upwardly into the lower section so that the atomized waste liquid is directed toward the upper section.

Abstract: In a burner for operating a heat generator, which burner essentially comprises a swirl generator (100), a transition piece (200) arranged downstream of the swirl generator, and a mixing tube (20), transition piece (200) and mixing tube (20) form the mixing section of the burner, this mixing section being arranged upstream of a combustion space (30). In the region of the tangential combustion-air-directing inflow ducts (101b-104b), fuel-directing ducts (121-124), the cross section of flow of which is designed for a low-calorific fuel (116), extend along the swirl generator (100). The fuel-directing ducts (121-124) end at a distance upstream of the transition of the tangential inflow ducts (101b-104b) into an interior space of the swirl generator (100), whereby partial mixing between the two media (115, 117) takes place before the mixture flows into the interior space (118). In addition, this setting-back provides sufficient space for other fuel-directing lines (111-114) in this region.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for operating a pilot burner apparatus and a main burner apparatus of a gas-fired appliance. The pilot burner apparatus draws combustion air from a first environment. The main combustion apparatus draws air from a second environment. In a shutdown condition, such as when a flammable vapor source is accidentally exposed to the second environment, the pilot burner apparatus draws air containing an undesired flammable vapor which eliminates the pilot flame, triggering a gas valve to close and shut down the fuel gas supply to the main burner apparatus and the pilot burner apparatus.

Abstract: This invention incorporates a multi-ring burner assembly utilizing at least two flame rings to gently and evenly warm food and a third flame ring in conjunction with the first two flame rings for cooking food.This design has the further advantages of easy replacement of both the igniters and the gas jets from the top of the appliance without having to remove the unit from the appliance.

Abstract: A dual mode pilot burner having a control flame mode of operation and a pilot flame mode of operation, which dual mode pilot burner is suitable for controlling the fuel/air ratio of a main burner when operating in the control flame mode of operation. The dual mode pilot burner includes a burner body having a control flame holder and a pilot flame holder disposed downstream of the control flame holder, a mixing chamber having a fuel gas inlet, an oxidant inlet, and a mixed gas outlet, which mixed gas outlet is in fluid communication with the control flame holder and a fuel gas control valve for controlling a fuel gas flow rate through the fuel gas inlet into the mixing chamber.

Abstract: In an electronic ignition system for igniting a plurality of gas burners by means of a plurality of electrodes, each one being mounted adjacent with each burner for producing sparks for the ignition of each burner. A spark generating circuit connected with the electrodes in order to produce the sparks for igniting each burner. And a power source connected to the spark generating circuit. A flame sensor circuit is connected to the spark generating circuit and at least one electrode, which in a first period and once the spark generating circuit has been activated for igniting each electrode, the flame sensor circuit is operated to detect the absence of flame on the burner by means of said electrode, and once that the burner has been ignited, the electrode and flame sensor circuit are operated for sensing the presence of flame on the burner.

Abstract: A pilot burner apparatus for use with gas-fired appliances, such as gas-fired water heaters, is provided with a structure configured for the early detection, and response to, the presence of flammable vapor in the atmosphere ambient to the appliance. Combustion air for the pilot burner is taken from that region of the ambient atmosphere, most likely to become contaminated with flammable vapor first. One or more flame characteristics of the pilot burner flame are monitored, and if the flame characteristics depart from a predetermined range of parameters, gas flow to the pilot and main burner(s) of the appliance are cut off. The sensitivity of the pilot burner is such that flammable vapors are detected before the concentration of flammable vapors car rise to the lower flammability limit of the anticipated flammable vapor(s).

Abstract: A tube assembly for a gas range includes a small aluminum manifold block, valve assemblies adapted to regulate flow of gas from the manifold block to the burners, and burner orifices adapted to control flow of gas to the burners. Aluminum valve supply tubes each have a first end staked to an associated outlet of the manifold block and a second end connected to an inlet of an associated one of the valve assemblies. Aluminum burner tubes each have a first end connected to an outlet of an associated one of the valve assemblies and a second end connected to an associated one of the burner orifices. Two or more small manifold blocks can be interconnected by aluminum manifold supply tubes. The manifold supply tube can be easily bent to position the manifold blocks in any desirable position. An igniter assembly includes a pin extending from a stem of the valve assembly and a contactless position sensor.

Abstract: A gas mixer is provided which is especially suitable for a burner which includes a plurality of parallel supply tubes for a first gaseous reactant passing through a sealed distribution manifold through which a second reactant may be educed into each tube through an annular arrangement of orifices and admixed with the first reactant until said admixture reaches the outlet of each tube where, through ignition, an individual flamelet is formed, the multiplicity of which form a collective flame with an homogeneous ratio of reactants through the entire cross section of the flame.

Abstract: A pilot and thermocouple mounting bracket for supporting a thermocouple and for supporting a pilot and pilot shield adjacent a burner includes a central plate member and a plurality of tabs attached to the central plate member. At least some of the tabs include apertures for receiving the thermocouple and the pilot and are bent in various configurations enabling the pilot to be supported in a substantially horizontal orientation relative to the burner. A locking tab forms part of the mounting bracket and is engageable with the pilot shield to eliminate the possibility of misplacing the pilot shield. By supporting the pilot in a substantially horizontal orientation relative to the burner, dust is prevented from building up in and around the pilot shield, and cleaning and lighting the pilot is made easier.

Abstract: A combustion assembly adapted for a furnace is provided. The assembly includes an axis comprising at least one pair of burners having axes. An oxidant lance is arranged between the burners of the pair and has a lance axis. A source of oxidant is connected to the burners and to the lance. The combustion assembly can provide uniform heating of a charge of glass in a furnace.

Abstract: A pilot assembly includes a two part pilot housing and an orifice member mounted between the two housing parts. One housing part is fixable to a mount in a gas burning device and has a through passage. The orifice member is received in the passage. At least a portion of the other housing part is received in the passage to fix the orifice member in the passage.

Abstract: The invention describes a nozzle and a burner for oil-well tests comprising a plurality of nozzles. The nozzle comprises means for injecting an air-oil mixture to be burnt in the direction of a combustion zone, the flow of air at the outlet of the nozzle allowing the air in the air-oil mixture to create an air induction effect, that is to say entrainment of air, which is sufficient along the whole length of the jet to ensure the combustion.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of combusting a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion, which comprises elevating the temperature of a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion, and vaporizing the emulsion, with a temperature-elevating and vaporizing apparatus 3, jetting the water/fossil fuel mixed gas thus formed by that elevation of the temperature and that vaporization from a burner 7, and bringing a Brown's gas flame of a Brown's gas combustion burner 5, in contact with the flow of the mixed gas, thereby combusting the water/fossil fuel mixed gas. There is also disclosed an apparatus for combusting a water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion. According to the combusting method and the combustion apparatus, it is possible to combust the water/fossil fuel mixed emulsion with good energy efficiency, and to obtain high calories resulting from the combustion.

Abstract: A new variable burner orifice furnace manifold for reducing the amount of heating fuel used without reducing the heating ability of the furnace. The inventive device includes a manifold pipe with a plurality of spaced apart gas exit openings between its open supply end and its closed end. The gas exit openings are inserted into the burner assembly of a furnace and the supply end is attached to an external heating fuel supply. A valve permitting selective opening and closing is included on the manifold pipe. The valve is positioned on the manifold pipe so that no more than half the total number of gas exit openings are positioned between the valve and the manifold pipe closed end. When the valve is closed, gas flow through the gas exit openings between the valve and the closed end is shut off while gas flow through the gas exit openings between the valve and the open supply end is unaffected.

Abstract: A burner apparatus for burning petroleum products during well testing. The apparatus comprises a plurality of burner nozzles for mixing air, oil or other flammable hydrocarbon, and in some cases steam, and discharges the mixture for burning. Each module may have a plurality of burner nozzles, and a plurality of such modules may be connected together. Each burner nozzle has a body with an air inlet and a fluid inlet, a nozzle insert disposed in the body and having an air port in communication with the air inlet and a fluid port in communication with the fluid inlet. Sealing is provided between the nozzle insert and the body. The body may also have a steam inlet, and the nozzle insert may also have a steam port in communication with the steam inlet, for directing steam into the apparatus to increase the mixing energy and temperature, thereby facilitating atomization.

Abstract: A burner design for use especially with rotary dryers is provided, in which a primary firing tube is provided with an oil body disposed proximate the burner tip portion of the firing tube, the oil body being constructed to divide an airflow into an outer portion flowing through an outer airstream passageway and an inner portion flowing through an inner airstream passageway, and to cause said inner and outer portions to intersect each other proximate the burner tip portion. The oil body is further provided with a slit opening on an inner surface thereof along a boundary of the inner airstream passageway, the slit opening being in fluid communication with a supply of fuel oil, whereby fuel oil can be delivered at low pressure at an inner surface of the oil body, whereupon the inner airstream portion will cause the fuel oil to film along the inner surface of the oil body and to be intersected by the inner and outer airstream portions to atomize the fuel oil at the burner tip.

Abstract: A gas fired burner is provided for use in applications such as chemical process furnaces for process heaters in refineries and chemical plants, and the like. The burner is provided with a plurality of fuel gas inlets for enabling manipulation of the flame shape and combustion characteristics of the burner, based upon variation in the distribution of fuel gas between the various fuel gas inlets.A combination pilot and flame holder for a burner, such as may be used in process heaters and furnaces for refineries, chemical plants and the like, is also provided. The pilot is mounted atop a supply pipe for premixed fuel and air, which is positioned in the bore of a burner quarl. The pilot includes a radially outwardly extending flange which is upstream of a surface combustion flame holder for establishing a radially directed surface combustion flame.The present invention also provides a low-emissions burner and pilot system for use in such process heaters and furnaces.

Abstract: A nozzle for a pilot light for a flare stack, the nozzle being formed of a housing defined by an encircling cylindrical wall, with radially extending openings formed circumferentially around the encircling wall, and is made of material resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures at least less than 1200.degree. C., preferably 98% by weight alumina ceramic. A cage holds the nozzle, which includes a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides, a tube extending into the aperture from the first side of the base plate and fixed to the base plate, and plural retainers extending from the base plate and enclosing the nozzle. To form a pilot for a flare stack, a gas conduit is connected into an interior cavity of the nozzle. The cage is attached to a flame stack. Spaced electrodes form a spark gap adjacent one of the openings in the nozzle. A source of electrical power is connected to one of the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A method and system to generate or provide a moving flame such as to create a varied flame pattern are provided. One or more flow switching devices joined in parallel are utilized to alter the flame port fuel supply such as to produce a moving flame or produce an apparently random flame movement.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for combustion of a fuel and oxidant in which a first portion of a fuel is mixed with an oxidant to form a fuel-lean fuel/oxidant mixture in a fuel-lean combustion zone. The remaining portion of fuel is mixed with the fuel-lean fuel/oxidant mixture downstream of the fuel-lean combustion zone, forming a substantially stoichiometric fuel/oxidant mixture. The stoichiometric fuel/oxidant mixture is ignited, forming a primary flame having high luminosity and low NO.sub.x emissions.

Abstract: A system is provided for burning gaseous fuel in a burner which defines a first combustion zone and a second combustion zone, the zones being in communication so that materials from one zone can have access to the other. First and second conduits deliver gaseous fuel to the first and second zones, and are provided with first and second flow control valves, respectively. A third conduit allows pressurized air from a source of air to flow through the first combustion zone such as to discourage materials from the second combustion zone from entering the first combustion zone, and a fourth conduit does the same for the second combustion zone. The third and fourth conduits have third and fourth control valves, respectively.

Abstract: A method to increase fluid hydrocarbon fluid BTU input for an appliance incorporating a combustion zone and a burner therein, and to increase fuel combustion intensity and thermal efficiency as well to reduce the appliance's harmful stack emissions, by employing a device which moderately pre-heats and conditions low temperature fuel delivered to the appliance prior to combustion, by extracting heat from the appliance's combustion zone in order to deliver fuel to the appliance's burner at a constant, pre-set operating temperature of between 37 degrees Fahrenheit and the fuel's flash point temperature.

Abstract: In a burner (1) for a heat generator, having a throughflow passage (3) for the throughflow of a combustion-air flow (12), a hentral main fuel lance (5) acts inside the said throughflow passage (3). A number of mixing elements (6) are arranged in an annular manner around this main fuel lance (5), and the remaining annular throughflow cross section is covered concentrically hereto by swirl generators. The mixing elements (6) are fed with a fuel (13a) and a partial combustion-air quantity (12a). The mode of operation of these mixing elements (6) corresponds to that of a pilot stage, whereby the flame stability is increased, while the NOx emissions remain at a low level.

Abstract: A tube assembly for a gas range includes a small aluminum manifold block, valve assemblies adapted to regulate flow of gas from the manifold block to the burners, and burner orifices adapted to control flow of gas to the burners. Aluminum valve supply tubes each have a first end staked to an associated outlet of the manifold block and a second end connected to an inlet of an associated one of the valve assemblies. Aluminum burner tubes each have a first end connected to an outlet of an associated one of the valve assemblies and a second end connected to an associated one of the burner orifices. Two or more small manifold blocks can be interconnected by aluminum manifold supply tubes. The manifold supply tube can be easily bent to position the manifold blocks in any desirable position. An igniter assembly includes a pin extending from a stem of the valve assembly and a contactless position sensor.

Abstract: A gas range includes a gas distribution system which utilizes a gas manifold that includes a single gas inlet chamber. Communication between the gas inlet chamber and each of the burners is controlled by a respective valve assembly mounted in the gas inlet chamber. One of the valve assemblies is thermostatically controlled in response to a sensed temperature. The length of the gas manifold can be dictated by the spacing of the individual valve assemblies or it can be dictated by the spacing of the burners. The gas distribution system provides additional flexibility to the range designer while reducing costs by eliminating components.

Abstract: A gas range includes a gas distribution system which incorporates a multi-chambered gas manifold. The gas manifold includes a single gas inlet chamber and a plurality of gas outlet chambers. Communication between the gas inlet chamber and each gas outlet chamber is controlled by a respective rotating disc element which controls the flow of gas between the two chambers. The length of the gas manifold can be dictated by the spacing of the individual disc elements or it can be dictated by the spacing of the burners. The gas distribution system provides additional flexibility to the range designer while reducing costs by eliminating components.

Abstract: A low NOx burner comprising ducts for the primary (6), secondary (7) and tertiary air (14), arranged coaxially around its longitudinal axis, for supplying of the primary, secondary and tertiary air, respectively, to a combustion chamber (3), means for accumulation of the air (5), means to give vorticity to the primary, secondary and tertiary air (11, 15, 27) installed in the respective ducts, means for supply of fuel (23, 32, 43) arranged within said ducts to inject the fuel into said combustion chamber. The axial swirler for the secondary air (11) is formed by a plurality of blades each of which is made up of a stationary part (11a) and a mobile part (11b) connected to actuator means capable of moving it in an angular direction to give an air outlet angle of between 30.degree. and 60.degree.. The axial swirler for the tertiary air is conical in shape and has fixed blades. On the tertiary air duct a passage (16) is formed for supply of secondary and tertiary air.

Abstract: A burner configuration includes at least one processing jet nozzle and at least one further burner nozzle having mixing characteristics different from the processing jet nozzle. A means is preferably provided to control the proportions of fuel flow to the nozzles. The nozzles of the set are in sufficient proximity that a combined flame of the burner configuration can be determined or controlled by setting or varying the relative flows of fuel to the nozzle of the set.

Abstract: A gas heating apparatus has a cylindrical outer shell disposed along a duct in which a gas to be heated flows. A pre-mixture gas supply tube is connected to the outer shell. A combustion unit including a sintered fiber mat is provided inside the outer shell with a spacing being provided between outer shell and the sintered fiber mat. The combustion unit burns the pre-mixture gas on an inner surface of the sintered fiber mat. A diffusion burner is preferably provided upstream of the outer shell and of the combustion unit to increase the heating effect. With these constructions, it is possible to obtain a smaller-sized heating apparatus which produces a higher output.

Abstract: A gas burner includes an L-shaped inner gas delivery pipe disposed between a burner base and an inner gas outlet member. The inner gas delivery pipe is provided with a first regulating tube for adjusting the length of a horizontal section of the inner gas delivery pipe. The gas burner further includes at least one L-shaped outer gas delivery pipe disposed between the burner base and an annular outer gas outlet member that is disposed around the inner gas outlet member. The outer gas delivery pipe is provided with a second regulating tube for adjusting the length of a horizontal section of the outer gas delivery pipe located on one side of the inner gas delivery pipe.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing NOx pollutants in the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in a two stage burner. A first stage of combustion is established and maintained passing a stream of combustion air and first stage products of combustion down a centerline of the burner to a second stage downstream therefrom. This second stage is established by arranging an array of fuel tips around the first stage burner, each fuel tip having a fuel jet with a nominal trajectory angled toward the burner centerline and an inert gas jet placed between the burner and the fuel jet which is angled to cross the trajectory of the fuel jet. Fuel is injected into the second stage of the burner through the fuel jet and the inert gas, e.g. steam, is injected through the inert gas jet such that it influences the trajectory of the fuel to a modified fuel trajectory which is moved away from the centerline of the burner.

Abstract: A burner is disclosed having a burner chamber with heavily insulated heat retaining walls and a series of off-center mixers located at one end thereof. A uniform concentration gas/air mixture to 50% additional fuel above the lean flammability limit coming from the mixer tubes is ignited in the burner chamber due to the recirculation of combusting gas and air back to the end of the burner chamber above auto the ignition temperature for the mixture. The particular mixture disclosed utilizes 0.55-0.7 equivalence ratio. With the present burner, oxidant and fuel are respectively supplied to each mixer by respective common oxidant and fuel plenums. In this way, fuel and oxidant are mixed near the point of combustion, enhancing safety and permitting the construction of larger burners.

Abstract: A burner apparatus for burning petroleum products during well testing. The apparatus comprises a plurality of burner nozzles for mixing air, oil or other flammable hydrocarbon, and in some cases steam, and discharges the mixture for burning. Each module may have a plurality of burner nozzles, and a plurality of such modules may be connected together. Each burner nozzle has a body with an air inlet and a fluid inlet, a nozzle insert disposed in the body and having an air port in communication with the air inlet and a fluid port in communication with the fluid inlet. Sealing is provided between the nozzle insert and the body. The body may also have a steam inlet, and the nozzle insert may also have a steam port in communication with the steam inlet, for directing steam into the apparatus to increase the mixing energy and temperature, thereby facilitating atomization.

Abstract: A nozzle for a pilot light for a flare stack, the nozzle being formed of a housing defined by an encircling cylindrical wall, with radially extending openings formed circumferentially around the encircling wall, and is made of material resistant against breakdown in a sour gas environment at temperatures at least less than 1200.degree. C., preferably 98% by weight alumina ceramic. A cage holds the nozzle, which includes a base plate having a central aperture and first and second sides, a tube extending into the aperture from the first side of the base plate and fixed to the base plate, and plural retainers extending from the base plate and enclosing the nozzle. To form a pilot for a flare stack, a gas conduit is connected into an interior cavity of the nozzle. The cage is attached to a flame stack. Spaced electrodes form a spark gap adjacent one of the openings in the nozzle. A source of electrical power is connected to one of the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: In an injection nozzle for introducing fuels into compressed gaseous media, for use in premixing burners for example, the injection nozzle (1) consists primarily of a fuel conduit (2) and a passage branching off from the fuel conduit. The fuel conduit (2) extends lengthwise essentially at right angles to the direction of introduction of the fuel and the passage extends parallel to the direction of introduction of the fuel. The fuel is fed via slots (6) in the fuel conduit and by means of the passage to an atomization edge (5). The inside of the passage is made up of distribution panels (3) between which distribution pins (4) are arranged.

Abstract: A premixing burner comprises a pilot burner (101) operating on the double-cone principle and a plurality of main burners arranged around the pilot burner. A gaseous and/or liquid fuel is injected into the main burner (52), which has a circular duct (20), as a secondary flow into a gaseous main flow. The main flow is first of all guided over vortex generators (9), a plurality of which are arranged next to one another around the circumference of the duct (20) through which flow takes place.

Abstract: A premixing burner includes a pilot burner formed from two half conical shells and a plurality of main burners arranged around the pilot burner. Each of the main burners is formed with an cylindrical outer wall to contain a main flow. Each of the main burners includes a plurality of vortex generators arranged inside the cylindrical wall about a circumference. In addition, a venturi nozzle is disposed in each of the main burners downstream of the vortex generators. A fuel lance for each of the main burners injects one or both of a gaseous and liquid fuel into the burner as a secondary flow, and an outlet of the lance is positioned to inject the secondary flow in the region of the venturi nozzle having a maximum constriction.

Abstract: A burner is disclosed having a burner chamber with heavily insulated heat retaining walls and a series of off center mixer tubes located at one end thereof. A uniform concentration gas/air mixture to 50% additional fuel above the lean flammability limit coming from the mixer tubes is ignited in the burner chamber due to the recirculation of combusting gas and air back to the end of the burner chamber above auto the ignition temperature for the mixture. The particular mixture disclosed utilizes 0.55-0.7 equivalence ratio.

Abstract: A burner is provided for heating a stream of combustion supporting gas, like air. The burner has a main feed pipe extending across the stream of combustion supporting gas. The main feed pipe has an inlet for receiving a fuel gas from a fuel gas source, and at least one outlet for producing a main jet of fuel gas substantially in the direction of the stream. The burner also has two parallel auxiliary feed pipes extending across the stream of combustion supporting gas, at a predetermined distance downstream from the main pipe and on each side of the main jet. Each of the auxiliary feed pipes has an inlet for receiving fuel gas from the fuel gas source, and at least one outlet for producing an auxiliary jet of fuel gas in the direction of the stream. The burner further has two bluff-body devices in front of the outlets of both the auxiliary feed pipes respectively.

Abstract: A burner apparatus comprising: a liquid fuel discharge means for discharging a liquid fuel; an ignition chamber wherein an ignitable gaseous composition can be ignited to yield an ignited composition; and a gas delivery means for delivering a gaseous, free oxygen source and a combustible gas to the ignition chamber such that the ignitable gaseous composition is provided in the combustion chamber. The ignition chamber is positioned with respect to the liquid fuel discharge means such that, upon leaving the ignition chamber, the ignited gaseous composition will ignite the liquid fuel as the liquid fuel is discharged from the discharge means. Preferably, the gas delivery means includes a conduit through which the free oxygen source is conducted into the ignition chamber. The gas delivery means also preferably includes a passageway, adjacent the exterior of the conduit, through which the combustible gas is conducted into the ignition chamber.

Abstract: An oxy-fuel burner system for alternately or simultaneously burning gaseous and liquid fuels. A gaseous fuel jet emanating from an oxy-fuel burner is either undershot by an oxygen lance or is sandwiched between oxidant jets produced by two subsidiary oxidant jets which are preferably formed of oxygen. An actuable second fuel nozzle is provided for producing a second fuel jet composed of the liquid fuel which is angled toward the oxidant jet at an angle of less than 20.degree.. When the liquid fuel to be used, the gaseous fuel is turned off and the liquid fuel is turned on and vice-versa or both can operate simultaneously where the oxidant supplies oxygen to both fuel streams.

Abstract: An atmospheric gas burner produces improved flame stability by establishing a higher pressure drop pilot flame at at least one burner port. The burner has a preferably recessed pilot port which is isolated from the primary burner ports. A small portion of the total fuel introduced to the burner is directly fed to the pilot port without entrained air. Consequently, the pilot port supports a high pressure drop diffusion pilot flame which is better able to withstand ambient disturbances. Then in the event that a momentary disturbance extinguishes the primary flames, the pilot flame will serve as a reignition source.