Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus, includes a reaction furnace, a preparatory chamber provided below the reaction furnace, an elevating mechanism configured to raise/lower a substrate holder between the reaction furnace and the preparatory chamber, a fluid circulation mechanism including a suction part for sucking a fluid within the preparatory chamber, a pipe part constituting a flow path through which the fluid flows from the suction part to a supply part, and a cooling mechanism, provided in the flow path, for cooling the fluid, and a control part for controlling the fluid circulation mechanism and the elevating mechanism to circulate the fluid sucked from the suction part through the flow path, and supply the fluid from the supply part to the preparatory chamber. The cooling mechanism is disposed adjacent to the suction part to cool the fluid introduced from the suction part before circulating the fluid through the flow path.

Abstract: A controller alters a cycle time of a die arrangement, configured to hot stamp metal into components and having an active cooling system, based on an amount of heat transferred from the components to the active cooling system such that a grain structure of the components transitions from an austenitic state to a martensitic state.

Abstract: A method of producing a positive electrode material for lithium-ion secondary batteries, which includes a pyrolyzed carbon coating, the method including a heat treatment step of thermally decomposing an organic compound using a rotary kiln to form a pyrolyzed carbon coating, wherein the organic compound is a carbon source that forms the pyrolyzed carbon coating of a positive electrode material.

Abstract: Provided is a method of producing an epitaxial silicon wafer, which is excellent in productivity and prevents the formation of a backside haze in consecutive single-wafer processing epitaxial growth procedures on a plurality of silicon wafers without cleaning a process chamber after each epitaxial growth procedure. The method of producing an epitaxial silicon wafer includes: a step of loading a silicon wafer; a step of forming a silicon epitaxial layer; a step of unloading the silicon wafer; and a cleaning step. The cleaning step is performed before and after repeating a predetermined number of times a series of growth procedures including the silicon wafer loading step, the silicon epitaxial layer formation step, and the silicon wafer unloading step.

Abstract: Laterally adjustable hooks may be used to join two or more substantially planar parts, such as two halves of a splitboard. In an embodiment, a laterally adjustable hook comprises a unitary body having a top surface, a bottom surface, a main portion and a nose portion, with the main portion comprising at least one oblong, beveled slot and the nose portion extending from an end of the main portion. A screw or wedge nut may be used to apply pressure to edges of the oblong, beveled slot, and a pair of set screws may contact and laterally secure the wedge nut.

Abstract: Processes and apparatuses for relocating a reforming process heater service into the convection section rely on combining a flue gas recycle quench stream with the radiant section off gases entering the convection section. The uniformity of mixing influences the effectiveness of that quench stream. The more effective the quench stream is, the lower the equipment size required to manage the recycle design.

Abstract: A semiconductor processing station including a central transfer chamber, a load lock chamber disposed adjacent to the central transfer chamber, and a cooling stage disposed adjacent to the load lock chamber and the central transfer chamber is provided. The load lock chamber is adapted to contain a wafer carrier including a plurality of wafers. The central transfer chamber communicates between the cooling stage and the load lock chamber to transfer a wafer of the plurality of wafers between the cooling stage and the load lock chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of a urea product suitable for being diluted with water so as to form an aqueous urea comprising solution for use in a unit for the reduction of NOx in combustion engine exhaust gases, also known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) or to be used in De NOx systems of exhaust vapor from industrial furnaces. The process comprises obtaining an aqueous urea solution from or after a recovery section in a urea production process. This solution, which has a low content of impurities, is subjected to flash crystallization at a low pressure, so as to obtain a solid crystallized urea containing product, which is a free-flowing powder containing less than 0.2 wt. % water. This product is packaged under conditions such that the water content in the packaged product is maintained below 0.2 wt. %. The invention can also be used in a method of increasing the capacity of an existing urea plant.

Abstract: There is provided a technique includes: a substrate holder including a heat insulating part and a substrate holding part disposed above the heat insulating part and holding substrates in multiple stages; a process chamber processing the substrates held by the substrate holding part; a transfer chamber adjacent to the process chamber and transferring the substrates to the substrate holding part; a transfer mechanism transferring the substrate holder; a first gas supply part installed on one side of the transfer chamber and supplying gas into the transfer chamber; a second gas supply part having gas outlets at a height position between the substrate held at a lowermost stage of the substrate holding part and the heat insulating part and supplying a gas toward the substrate holder; and a controller controlling the transfer mechanism, the first gas supply part and the second gas supply part.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus capable of improving the workability of measuring a temperature-flat zone in a process furnace and the reliability of a temperature-flat length of a heater. The substrate processing apparatus includes a process chamber configured to process a substrate retained in a retainer loaded therein; a temperature measuring device configured to measure an inside temperature of the process chamber; a transfer device configured to transfer the substrate at least to the retainer; and a controller configured to control the transfer device and the temperature measuring device to move the transfer device to a predetermined position before the inside temperature of the process chamber is measured and to obtain the inside temperature by the temperature measuring device while vertically moving the transfer device with the temperature measuring device attached to the transfer device when the inside temperature of the process chamber is measured.

Abstract: A roll-to-roll reactor, which is assembled with an RTP (Rapid Thermal Process) compartment, a cooling compartment, and a series of modular heating sections, is provided. Its length is adjustable by adding or reducing numbers of the modular heating sections according to required reaction time and delivery speed of a continuous flexible workpiece. The reactor contains a reaction oven, assembled with a series of modular thermal control components, included inside a vacuum-tight reaction chamber. The oven temperature can be precisely controlled through combinations of heating elements, thermocouples and cooling tubing. The present reactor can be used for annealing and reaction of various precursor films on flexible substrates under vacuum and in inert or reactive gas ambient at temperatures ranging from room temperature to a thousand of Celsius degrees through a continuous roll-to-roll process.

Abstract: An apparatus for the sterilization of containers with a conveying device which conveys the containers along a pre-set conveying path, with at least one stressing device which acts upon the containers with radiation, for the purpose of the sterilization thereof, and with a screening device which screens off X-ray radiation which is formed in the context of the sterilization. The screening device has at least one outer wall which bounds the conveying path of the containers and which extends along the conveying path. The outer wall has at least one recess which forms a cavity which faces the conveying path of the containers in such a way that X-ray radiation formed during the sterilization can enter this cavity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a temperature control method for a substrate heat treatment apparatus that achieves high throughput while securing stability in rapid heating where a large-diameter silicon carbide (SiC) substrate having impurity ions implanted thereinto is subjected to an activation annealing treatment. A temperature control method for a substrate heat treatment apparatus (1) that includes a heating element includes: increasing the treatment temperature; continuing the temperature increase by reducing the value of power in a stepwise manner after the treatment temperature reaches a preset temperature (T1) before reaching the annealing temperature, the power being applied to heat the heating element; and maintaining the treatment temperature at a fixed value until an annealing treatment is completed after the treatment temperature reaches the annealing temperature (TA).

Abstract: An apparatus for the conditioning of plastics material pre-forms with a tempering space for receiving a plurality of plastics material pre-forms, with a supply device a removal device, and a conveying device which conveys the plastics material pre-forms from the supply device to the removal device in such a way that each plastics material pre-form remains in the tempering space for a preset duration of the dwell period. The temperature of the plastics material pre-forms upon leaving the removal device is substantially constant irrespective of a duration of the dwell period of the plastics material pre-forms in the tempering space and the conveying device is designed in such a way that each plastics material perform remains in the tempering space for a period of time of at least five minutes.

Abstract: A grate carriage for receiving bulk material includes a plurality of grate bars arranged, parallel to each other from a first side to a second side of the grate carriage. The grate bars are movably held in lateral receptacles of the grate carriage and a gap is provided between each adjacent pair of the grate bars. A force application device is arranged on each of the first and second sides of the grate carriage and configured to elastically press the grate bars against each other.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for the heating of plastics material pre-forms with a conveying device which conveys the plastics material pre-forms along a pre-set conveying path, wherein the conveying device (2) has a circulating conveyor, and a plurality of holding elements for holding the plastics material pre-forms arranged on this conveyor. The holding elements are movable with respect to a longitudinal direction (L) of the plastics material pre-forms to be rotated, and have associated with them in each case drive devices which are controllable independently of one another and which produce at least also the rotational movement of the plastics material pre-forms with respect to the longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: A blow moulding machine for blow moulding a container having an integrally formed handle; said container blow moulded from a previously injection moulded preform; said preform comprising a body portion and said integrally formed handle; said machine including a preform loading station at which said preform is oriented by a preform orienting apparatus.

Abstract: In a substrate treatment process, substrates are moved by a transporting device in a transporting direction through a substrate treatment installation having a number of chambers. The substrates are moved by transporting sections of the transporting device driven independently of one another. The transporting sections are driven such that, if substrates dwell temporarily in the transporting section, they are moved back and forth. Stresses in a substrate brought about by differing inputs of heat as a result of both process-induced and malfunction-induced dwell times of the substrate in a chamber are reduced by compensating within the chamber for a structurally brought about input of heat into the substrate, varying periodically over the length of the chamber, during temporary dwelling of the substrate in the chamber by moving the substrate back and forth over at least one period of the heat input by a change of the transporting direction.

Abstract: In a method for heat treating a metal tube or pipe for a nuclear power plant, the tube or pipe being accommodated in a batch-type vacuum heat treatment furnace, when the tube or pipe is laid down on and is subjected to heat treatment on a plurality of metal cross beams arranged along a longitudinal direction of the tube or pipe, it is possible to suppress scratches to be formed on the outer surface of the tube or pipe and attributable to heat treatment, and to reduce the discoloration on the outer surface of the tube or pipe by holding the tube or pipe and the metal cross beams in indirect contact with each other by virtue of a heat resistant fabric having a thickness of 0.1 to 1.2 mm interposed in between.

Abstract: In a method for heat treating a metal tube or pipe for a nuclear power plant, the tube or pipe being accommodated in a batch-type vacuum heat treatment furnace, when the tube or pipe is laid down on and is subjected to heat treatment on a plurality of metal cross beams arranged along a longitudinal direction of the tube or pipe, it is possible to suppress scratches to be formed on the outer surface of the tube or pipe and attributable to heat treatment, and to reduce the discoloration on the outer surface of the tube or pipe by holding the tube or pipe and the metal cross beams in indirect contact with each other by virtue of a heat resistant fabric having a thickness of 0.1 to 1.2 mm interposed in between.

Abstract: Rotary furnaces and processes for heat treating a workpiece generally include an external shell wall and a refractory lining abutting the shell wall to define a substantially cylindrically shaped interior chamber for treating one or more workpieces; an opening in the an external shell wall and a refractory lining for loading and unloading the workpieces; a rotatable hearth for receiving and rotating the workpieces within the substantially cylindrically shaped interior chamber; and a plurality of thermal isolation walls, wherein adjacent thermal isolation walls define a space effective to accommodate and thermally shield each one of the workpieces to be treated and have a height at least equal to a height of the workpiece. The presence of the thermal isolation walls substantially prevents heat transfer between the workpieces being treated.

Abstract: A furnace roller assembly is formed with a helically shaped shaft-offset and metal product contact surface assembly wound around a furnace roller shaft. A corebuster may be provided within the furnace roller shaft to direct the flow of a coolant within the axial length of the furnace roller shaft and through a cooling element forming a part of the shaft-offset and metal contact surface assembly.

Abstract: A continuous heat treatment furnace is provided in which an atmosphere-control gas is introduced to a heating chamber having a heating zone, metal tubes are continuously charged along an axial direction from a furnace entrance, and the metal tube subjected to a heat treatment is taken out from a furnace. The continuous heat treatment furnace includes a front chamber which has a preheating zone on an entrance side of the heating chamber and seal curtains which are located on an entrance side and an exit side of the front chamber.

Abstract: A method of calcining an electrode material using a rotary kiln comprising a heat treatment section which has a cylindrical kiln shell, a supply section for introducing a process material into the kiln shell, and a discharge section for discharging the process material from the kiln shell, wherein the method comprises: introducing particles of the electrode material into the upper part of the kiln shell; flowing a positive pressure gas through the inside of the kiln shell and calcining the electrode material particles while moving them from the upper part to the lower part of the kiln shell; and discharging the electrode material particles from the lower part of the kiln shell.

Abstract: A mobile furnace apparatus and system configured to process payload is disclosed. A plurality of mobile furnaces may be interconnected to form a modular mobile furnace train. A fire line is an area where heat is applied to the payload, while a service line is an area where loading of payload, unloading of payload, inspection, and ongoing maintenance may take place. The modular mobile furnace train allows separation of the fire line and service line, which may improve worker safety and decrease overall costs.

Abstract: A method for heating a metal slab being transported in a longitudinal direction (L) and having a cross-direction (T) through an industrial furnace in which the metal slab is heated and transported on a rail device from the industrial furnace for subsequent processing, includes impinging a flame from at least one direct flame impingement (DFI) burner to contact a first portion of a first surface of the metal slab in at least one location corresponding to a second position on an under side surface of the metal slab which during transporting of the metal slab through the industrial furnace constitutes a contact point between the under side surface of the metal slab and the rail device, and counteracting a temperature gradient in the metal slab arising from local cooling of the metal slab upon contact with the rail device by heating the first portion with the DFI burner.

Abstract: There is provided a system and method for heating at least one workpiece in a furnace by which the workpiece is heated by heating facilities. An exemplary method comprises heating a complete workpiece with the heating facilities. The exemplary method also comprises moving the workpiece out of the furnace such that a first portion of the workpiece is still inside the furnace while a second portion of the workpiece is outside the furnace and holding the workpiece at this position for a predetermined time period. Finally, the exemplary method comprises moving the complete workpiece out of the furnace.

Abstract: A modular mobile furnace train apparatus and a process is disclosed. Mobile furnaces may be interconnected in series to form a modular mobile furnace train. Exhaust gas may then flow through mobile furnaces in a furnace train, allowing for more effective heat transfer to payload being heated as well as increasing energy recapture. Volatile gasses emitted by the payload may be combusted. This recapture reduces production of carbon dioxide and reduces the amount of energy required during the firing while the combustion of volatiles reduces exhaust pollutants. A fire line is an area where heat is applied, while a service line is an area where loading, unloading, inspection, and ongoing maintenance may take place. The modular mobile furnace train allows separation of the fire and maintenance which reduces worker exposure to dangerous environments while decreasing operational costs. Furthermore, the modular mobile furnace facility is less costly to build and operate.

Abstract: A method delivers fuel gas to a furnace combustion chamber from a premix burner having a reaction zone with an outlet to the furnace combustion chamber. This includes the steps of injecting a premix of primary fuel gas and combustion air into the reaction zone, and combusting the premix to provide combustion products including vitiated combustion air in the reaction zone. Further steps include injecting staged fuel gas into the reaction zone separately from the premix, discharging the staged fuel gas and vitiated combustion air from the reaction zone through the outlet to the furnace combustion chamber, and combusting the staged fuel gas and vitiated combustion air in the furnace combustion chamber. This enables low NOx combustion in the furnace combustion chamber to be achieved as a result of interacting the staged fuel gas with the vitiated combustion air in the reaction zone.

Abstract: A plant for hot forming blanks includes at least one preheating device, and at least one main heating device arranged downstream from the at least one preheating device. The preheating device includes at least one pre-mixing burner which is selected from a hydrogen-oxygen burner, a fuel gas-oxygen burner and an acetylene burner. A related preheating device and method are also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heat treating a photovoltaic device. The apparatus includes a heating module, a processing module, and a cooling module in which the operating temperatures of the modules may be controlled separately. The heating module is configured to pre-heat a substrate and stabilize the substrate at the desired target temperature, the processing module is configured to thermally process the substrate, and the cooling module is configured for post-treatment cooling of the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a product comprises movement means able to move the product in a direction of feed through at least a treatment sector, the treatment being temporally defined by a predetermined duration. The movement means comprise at least a conveyor belt closed in a ring that supports the product and extends along a path between an entrance and an exit of the treatment sector. The conveyor belt is at least partly made of flexible material and is able to be disposed along the path in a plurality of loops, which develop in a direction substantially transverse with respect to the direction of advance, so that the product follows the loops along the path.

Abstract: A method for heating an elongated metal product includes heating at a first heating location with at least one burner the metal product, and conveying combustion products from the burner through at least one channel, isolated from the metal product, from the first heating location to at least a second heating location arranged along a conveyor path for the combustion products to impinge upon an opposite surface of the metal product when the metal product passes the second heating location. A device for heating the elongated metal product is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and a method for transversely moving tubular material inside a furnace, in which the tubes are able to roll in order to have a path per cycle that is 2.5 times as great as that obtained in the case of moving bars, and in which the tubes are pushed by a series of toothed bars that have an upward and downward movement plus a horizontal movement in vacuum. The device and a method for moving tubular material inside an furnace allows a greater rotation of the tubes over short cycle times, solves the problems of twisting of smaller-diameter tubes (tubing) in quench furnaces and meets the need to rotate the tubes when there is no forward movement, which may be necessary when cycle times are long or when unloading from the furnace is interrupted.

Abstract: The invention relates to processes and apparatuses for pushing through/pushing in/turning through/turning in components/linings, as an individual component/section/subassembly for batch feeding/melting furnace/conveying path for the melt/conveying path for other emissions/transportation means for the melt, in that the pushing through/pushing in/turning through/turning in takes places in a manner controlled by means of pushing-through/pushing-in/turning-through and turning-in elements and the corresponding drives or under fully automatic control, preferably observing the maximum permissible compressive and tensile forces of the components/linings of individual components/sections/subassemblies which can be pushed through/pushed in/turned through/turned in in each case, in order to avoid joints in the respective region and to prevent inadmissibly high forces/pressures/traction/torques on the respective components/linings, during a heating operation/melting operation/cooling operation.

Abstract: A method for processing solar cells comprising: providing a vertical furnace to receive an array of mutually spaced circular semiconductor wafers for integrated circuit processing; composing a process chamber loading configuration for solar cell substrates, wherein a size of the solar cell substrates that extends along a first surface to be processed is smaller than a corresponding size of the circular semiconductor wafers, such that multiple arrays of mutually spaced solar cell substrates can be accommodated in the process chamber, loading the solar cell substrates into the process chamber; subjecting the solar cell substrates to a process in the process chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and equipment for the continuous sintering of mineral material in a sintering furnace (S). In the method, a material bed (2) is formed on a conveyor base (1), the material bed (2) is conveyed by the conveyor base (1) through the process zones (I-VII) of the sintering furnace that have different temperatures, the zones including at least one drying zone (I), at least one cooling zone (VII), and at least one other process zone (II, III, IV, V, VI) between the said drying zone and cooling zone, and gas is conducted through the conveyor base and the material bed (2), when the material bed travels through the process zones (I-VII), and gas is circulated in a circulation gas duct (3) from the last cooling zone (VII) to the drying zone (I). Part of the gas flow that is conducted to the drying zone (I) in the circulation gas duct (3) is removed as an exhaust gas flow (B) by the exhaust gas blower (5) of an exhaust gas duct (4).

Abstract: A method for firing raw ceramic blanks in a furnace includes the steps of guiding trains of blanks running parallel to one another along a longitudinal furnace section having a firing zone, wherein the trains are moved in opposite directions during one movement operation, and the furnace is loaded using blanks to be moved in a first direction. A furnace for firing raw ceramic blanks having a plurality of trains which are arranged parallel to one another and can move along a longitudinal furnace section, so trains comprising a plurality of furnace bogies on which the blanks are to be arranged, wherein the furnace section has a firing zone, and wherein the trains are moved in opposite directions, and the furnace is at a first end of the furnace section for loading the blanks to be moved in a first direction into the furnace.

Abstract: A roller hearth calcining furnace that uses a movable fluid bed that is transported through plural heating modules, each heating module independently heated using an indirect heating system. The indirect heating system includes an oxidizer, an all-ceramic, indirect, air-to-air heat exchanger, and one or more metal heat exchangers. The oxidizer can be fired with oil, coal, natural gas or other means, is impervious to attack from dirty fuels, and produces clean hot air for productive use. The movable fluid bed includes a permeable silicon carbide ceramic plate that resides within, and is supported by, a sagger or tray. The sagger is transported on rollers through the plural heating modules, and thus different temperature zones within a furnace as required by the temperature profile of the material being calcined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for heating glass sheets having an organic material-based coating in an oven, particularly with a view to the subsequent tempering thereof. More precisely, the invention relates to a method enabling glass sheets having an organic material-based coating to be heat treated by enabling the management of the rapid and violent combustion of said organic material in the oven, using a forced heat convection effect due to a hot gas comprising an oxidizer, injected above the glass sheet at least between t1 and t2, t1 being the time at which the flames from the combustion of the organic matter appear and t2 the time when said flames disappear.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods and apparatus for handling of substrates in a thermal treatment chamber. In one embodiment, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a chamber body having sidewalls, a substrate support assembly disposed in the chamber body, the substrate support assembly movable in a first direction within the chamber body, and two or more support fingers coupled to the sidewalls, the two or more support fingers being movable in a second direction within the chamber body, the second direction being transverse to the first direction.

Abstract: An oxidation oven with a heated chamber for treating fibers, the heated chamber having two opposing sides, each side with a plurality of gaps to allow the fibers to pass to and from the heated chamber. Embodiments of the invention provide capture ducts, which are configured to be under negative pressure, the capture ducts draw-in heated chamber air that would otherwise flow through the gaps. Embodiments of the invention provide supply ducts, which are configured to be under positive pressure and provide heated air near the gaps. Embodiments of the invention provide louvers positioned near the gaps, the louvers are configured to reduce the flow of heated chamber air that would otherwise pass through the gaps.

Abstract: In a method of making a component for a motor vehicle, a metal part in the form of a plate, semifinished product, or a formed part, is heated in a fluidized bed of a fluidized bed furnace. The fluidized bed is being fluidized by a fluid, e.g. gas. Subsequently; the metal part is subjected to a forming, hardening or aging process.

Abstract: A method for recycling glass mat waste, wound rovings, and other products includes providing a source of glass mat, or a plurality of rovings, for example on a roll, and routing the glass mat or rovings into a submerged combustion melter. An unwind system and a pair of powered nip rolls, powered conveyors, or other arrangement may work in combination to provide a substantially consistent rate of material into the melter. The melter may operate under less than atmospheric pressure to avoid fumes escaping the melter. A slot in the melter allows ingress of the glass mat or rovings into the melter, and a glass mat former such as a folder may be used to ensure that the mat fits through the slot. Alternatively, the glass mat may be cut by a slitter prior to entering the slot.

Abstract: Energy absorbing webbings that are generally flat and that have a controllable elongation distance are provided. The webbings are comprised of elongation yarns, such as partially oriented yarns (POY), and ground yarns. In certain embodiments, because they are generally flat, the energy absorbing webbings are suitable for use in retractors. Also provided are processes of manufacturing generally flat, energy absorbing webbings. In certain embodiments, the webbings are subjected to heat using first and second set of rollers with various feed ratios.

Abstract: A tunnel oven and method for heating transported carbonaceous material includes an enclosure with a passage having a first and second length and an interconnection between the first and second length. A transport device in the passage moves solid carbonaceous material through and along the first length of the passage. A water cooling mechanism along the second length of the passage and a cooling controller operatively coupled to the cooling mechanism to provide a quantity of water for cooling the carbonaceous material to a temperature below the oxidation temperature of the carbonaceous material in air and above the boiling point of the water so that the quantity of water is completely vaporized to form steam and the carbonaceous material is discharged at the cooled temperature without any liquid water discharge.

Abstract: A substrate transport system adapted for transporting a substrate moving in a substrate transport direction in a processing chamber is provided. The substrate transport system includes a plurality of transport rollers each having a transport shaft and a transport wheel. The transport shaft and the transport wheel are adapted for supporting the moving substrate. A heating means is arranged between the position of the moving substrate and the transport shaft and is adapted for heating the moving substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is method for use in a vertical heat treatment system which has an opening which is formed in a partition wall separating a housing-box transfer area from a treating-object transfer area (a wafer transfer area), and and through which an object to be treated is carried in the vertical heat treatment system to carry out a predetermined treatment. When the object to be treated is carried in via the opening of the partition wall, which separates the housing-box transfer area from the treating-object transfer area (wafer transfer area), to carry out a predetermined treatment, the structure of various mechanisms in the vicinity of the opening is simplified, and the space is saved.

Abstract: Method of heating a mineral feedstock in a firing furnace of the tunnel furnace type, having a hearth with an upstream inlet, a downstream outlet and sidewalls fitted with burners, in which method the feedstock is transported as a layer of approximately constant thickness along a treatment path in which the feedstock is heated and fired by means of said burners so as to obtain a fired product, said path being located between the upstream inlet and the downstream outlet of the furnace, characterized in that said burners comprise at least one fuel injector and at least one oxidizer injector and are positioned and oriented in such a way that their flames do not impact the layer, the at least one oxidizer injector being positioned relative to the at least one fuel injector so that the at least one fuel jet injected by the at least one fuel injector is separated from the layer by at least one oxidizer jet injected by at least one oxidizer injector.

Abstract: A modular mobile furnace train apparatus and a process is disclosed. Mobile furnaces may be interconnected in series to form a modular mobile furnace train. Exhaust gas may then flow through mobile furnaces in a furnace train, allowing for more effective heat transfer to payload being heated as well as increasing energy recapture. Volatile gasses emitted by the payload may be combusted. This recapture reduces production of carbon dioxide and reduces the amount of energy required during the firing while the combustion of volatiles reduces exhaust pollutants. A fire line is an area where heat is applied, while a service line is an area where loading, unloading, inspection, and ongoing maintenance may take place. The modular mobile furnace train allows separation of the fire and maintenance which reduces worker exposure to dangerous environments while decreasing operational costs. Furthermore, the modular mobile furnace facility is less costly to build and operate.