Abstract: An oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers having a processing chamber which can be found in the interior of a housing; at least one blowing device; at least one suction device; at least one ventilator that circulates the hot air through the blowing device, the processing chamber, and the suction device; and at least one heating device that lies in the flow path of the hot circulated air. Deviating rollers guide the fibers in a serpentine manner through the processing chamber such that the fibers lie next to one another as a carpet, the fiber carpet being stretched between each opposing deviating roller over one plane. The air in the processing chamber crosses the planes over which the fiber carpet is stretched at an angle that differs from 0° and 90° using special means.

Abstract: There is provided a system and method for heating at least one workpiece in a furnace by which the workpiece is heated by heating facilities. An exemplary method comprises heating a complete workpiece with the heating facilities. The exemplary method also comprises moving the workpiece out of the furnace such that a first portion of the workpiece is still inside the furnace while a second portion of the workpiece is outside the furnace and holding the workpiece at this position for a predetermined time period. Finally, the exemplary method comprises moving the complete workpiece out of the furnace.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling a process for burning lime containing mixture (CaCO3) and converting it to calcinated lime (CaO) in a rotary kiln, the rotary kiln having an elongated cavity surrounded by a wall and a burner arranged to heat the cavity. The method includes collecting measurement data of the temperature in the wall at a plurality of measuring points along the longitudinal axis of the cavity, predicting the actual temperature gradient along the longitudinal axis of the cavity based at least on the measurement data of the temperature in the wall, and by means of a thermal model describing the temperature along the cavity of the kiln, determining a desired temperature gradient along the cavity based on the predicted temperature gradient along the cavity and a predetermined control strategy controlling the temperature in the kiln.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of heating glass panels for tempering. The horizontal glass panels are heated in a lehr by upper and lower convection blast and by upper and lower radiation heating, information representing a load of the glass panels and used for the control and/or regulation of heating is read, the upper radiation heating is controlled and/or regulated in the way of a matrix by a profiling both in a conveying direction and a direction lateral thereto. At least the upper convection blast is controlled and/or regulated in various sections of the lehr in the way of a matrix by a profiling both in a conveying direction and a direction lateral thereto, and the relative blast effects of convection blowing elements successive in the conveying direction are regulated for a profiling in the conveying direction. The invention relates also to an apparatus applying the method.

Abstract: Hot products of combustion are provided beside an outer surface of a load to be heated, and are given a non-uniform temperature profile in a control direction extending across the outer surface of the load. The non-uniform temperature profile of the hot products of combustion is varied within a range that is predetermined relative to the distance that the outer surface of the load extends in the control direction, whereby the load can be given a predetermined temperature profile in the control direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to equipment for heating gas in connection with continuous sintering in gas channels placed above a strand, the gas channels comprising at least a wall and at least two gas units, the gas coming from the gas units being in contact with the material on the strand, whereby at least one burner unit is arranged in at least one of the gas channels, being arranged as part of the gas channel, the burner unit comprising at least one separate combustion space arranged on the wall of the gas channel. The invention also relates to a method for heating the gas.

Abstract: An oven assembly for baking coatings applied to an object includes a housing with a header receiving pressurized air from a ventilator disposed outside the oven. A heater provides heat to the pressurized air received from the ventilator raising the temperature of the pressurized air to between about two and four times curing temperature in Fahrenheit degrees of the coatings applied to the object. The header extends from the heater into the housing. The header has nozzles disposed at spaced locations directing pressurized air at the temperature being between about two and four times the curing temperature in Fahrenheit degrees of the coating applied to the object toward predetermined locations on the object.

Abstract: A tortilla oven comprises a housing which encloses upper, center, and lower conveyors. The lengths of the conveyors are individually monitored and adjusted. The interior of the housing is heated by a plurality of the individually regulated burners that extend through the conveyors. Ambient air is directed upwardly along the sides of the housing for temperature control.

Abstract: In a method for the preheating of cement raw meal for the production of cement-clinker, in which the cement raw meal is conveyed towards the feed side of a cement clinker kiln (1) in at least one heat exchanger-line in counter flow to hot gases, the hot gases are drawn off via at least a first heat exchanger (2) connected with the feed end of the cement clinker kiln (1) and via heat exchanger-lines (3,4) following this first heat exchanger (2) and being parallel to each other. The device for carrying out said method is characterized in that heat exchanger-lines (3,4) arranged in parallel to each other are connected to at least a first heat exchanger (2) joined to the feed end of the cement clinker kiln.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for heat treating objects in an enclosure, where the enclosure has an inlet passage, an outlet passage, and a treatment zone. Gaseous first fluid is injected into the treatment zone and the objects to be treated are passed through the treatment zone. A second fluid, with a density greater than that of the first fluid, is injected near the inlet and outlet passages.

Abstract: An apparatus for preheating particulate material in which the particulate material is transferred from one or more upper storage bins to a circular lower chamber that has an outer, essentially annular, portion which serves as a gas flow passage. The particulate material is directed from the feed bin or bins into a plurality of essentially vertical cylindrical feed cassettes via intermediate feed ducts. The lower chamber has a flat roof which is in contact with the bottom portion of the vertical feed cassettes. The vertical feed cassettes are approximately evenly spaced on top of the outer perimeter of the flat roof. The particulate material is preheated in the annular flow passage by hot kiln gases flowing in countercurrent heat exchange relationship with the particulate material.

Abstract: An apparatus for curing paint on a surface of a vehicle body includes an oven enclosure having an oven section for receiving the vehicle body. A plurality of radiant tube heating elements is disposed in the oven section and each of the radiant heating tube elements has an exterior surface. An oven heater includes at least one burner disposed therein and is positioned external to the oven section. The oven heater is connected to the heating elements for providing heat energy to the oven section. A control means is connected to the oven heater for turning the oven burner on and off to maintain a predetermined temperature at the exterior surfaces of the heating elements whereby uncured paint on a surface of a vehicle body in the oven section is cured.

Abstract: A thermoshrinking tunnel oven for making thermoshrinking plastic material film packages comprises a bottom plate and a top plate having openings for allowing thermoshrinking hot air to pass therethrough, the cross-sections of the openings being controlled by perforated sliders which are independently slidably mounted on the plates.

Abstract: A method for making a furnace for heating a glass sheet by lower electric resistance elements (50) supported by a furnace housing (12) below a roll conveyor (40) and by supplying a gas burner heated hot gas flow from a forced convection heater (56) that provides a dominant mode of external heat for heating the conveyed glass sheet from above. The furnace is manufactured by retrofitting an electric resistance heater type glass sheet furnace that initially has both lower and upper electric resistance elements (50) located below and above the roller conveyor (40). The lower electric resistance elements (50) are maintained while the upper electric resistance elements (50) are replaced with a gas burner forced convection heater (56).

Abstract: The present invention refers to a method and an equipment for pyrolytic treatment of organic material comprising a supply storage receiving the organic material to be treated, a number of containers with meshlike walls, each to be charged with a batch of said organic material, a horizontal reactor with a charge gate in one end and a discharge gate in the opposite end, the interior of the reactor being divided by means of internal gates into at least a heating chamber, a pyrolysis chamber, and a cooling chamber, as well as a recovery storage for a solid pyrolytic residue of the organic material, i.e. the pyrolytic coke, the pyrolysis chamber being provided with an outlet pipe for generated pyrolytic gas terminating in a fractionating condenser, said condenser being provided with an outlet for each liquid fraction and an outlet pipe for uncondensed pure pyrolytic gas, which outlet pipe terminates in a gas tank.

Abstract: A method and furnace for heating a glass sheet by lower electric resistance elements (50) supported by a furnace housing (12) below a roll conveyor (40) and by supplying a gas burner heated hot gas flow from a forced convection heater (56) that provides a dominant mode of external heat for heating the conveyed glass sheet from above. The furnace can also be manufactured by retrofitting an electric resistance heater type glass sheet furnace.

Abstract: A forced convection heating apparatus and process for heating glass sheets therewithin includes a housing (200) having an interior region, a conveyor for conveying the glass sheets through the interior region of the housing (200), a gas burner (204) operably associated with the housing (200) for producing hot combustion gases, thereby providing a heat input to the apparatus. An adjustor (210) is operably connected to, and controls, the inputs to the gas burner (204) to vary the heat input, and, thereby, maintain the temperature of the working fluid at a preselected set point. At least one velocity control for controlling the impingement velocity of the working fluid onto the top and/or bottom surfaces of the glass sheet is also provided. The impingement velocity, and thereby the rate of convective heat exchange between the working fluid and the glass sheet, is controlled independently of the heat input to the apparatus.

Abstract: A reverse air flow oven for symmetrically heating product inserted within a heating chamber in the oven. The oven includes duct work configured symmetrically about the heating chamber, and a fan provides continuous circulation through the duct work and the heating chamber. The duct work also includes a pair of doors having complimentary configurations so that in one configuration, the air flow is in a first direction, and in the complimentary configuration, the doors cause air flow in the opposite direction. Further, a perforated plate regulates and equalizes air flow across the heating chamber and includes valve plates for controlling a build up of static pressure within the heating chamber.

Abstract: A rotary furnace for the treatment of minerals, includes an annular chamber provided with a material feeder apparatus and discharge apparatus for the material, disposed adjacent one another in a certain sector of the chamber. A plurality of burners are arranged all along the annular chamber on the side walls and on the top wall thereof. The furnace further includes a conduit for extracting the discharge gases. The gases from a first zone of the chamber downstream of the feeder means and upstream of the gas extraction means, with respect to the direction of rotation of said hearth, are transferred into a second zone upstream of the material discharge means and downstream of the gas extraction means through forced conveying of the gases by suction at the first zone and by pressure delivery at the second zone. A flow regulator is used to regulate the forced conveying.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a smoke and heat source recycling device for a tunnel kiln in order to prevent smoke pollution. It has an exhaust fan in the preheating zone, the exhaust fan absorbing heat from the preheating zone and delivering such heat to a heat energy adjustment zone and waste gas treatment system for treating pollutants such as coal dust. Heat in the dry zone is delivered into the exhaust duct through an exhaust collector. A and pollution controller detects the pollution and enters signal into an electronic control to control gates for exhaust gas to enter either a gas treatment system or to be emitted into the air through the chimney.

Abstract: A convection braze furnace for brazing aluminum heat exchangers in an inert gas rich atmosphere includes entrance and exit vestibules forming atmosphere barriers of suspended stainless steel strips. The interior of the braze furnace is divided into multiple zones for progressively heating the heat exchangers to a brazing temperature and then cooling the heat exchangers in the final zone. An impeller circulates the heated inert gas atmosphere within each zone to accelerate heat transfer. A chain type conveyor supports the heat exchangers as they are moved through the braze furnace. An isolated return tube surrounds the lower return side of the conveyor chain as it passes through the braze furnace. The braze furnace housing is comprised of inner and outer shells having an inert gas pressurized cavity interstitial therebetween. The inner shell includes a plurality of expansion strips having generally ellipsoidal corner expansion joints.

Abstract: A furnace of decreasing oxygen concentration to ultra low amount is basically characterized by providing a furnace body divided into a plurality of zones, a device for supplying a non-oxidizing or a reducing atmospheric gas into each of the zones so as to increase the internal pressure, shutter devices provided at least at an inlet and an outlet of the furnace body for checking the flowing atmosphere, transferring devices installed at the inside of the furnace, at the interior and at the outside thereof respectively, and a control device for opening the shutter device before the work in a transferring direction, wherein the transferring device installed within the furnace supports the work at its both sides of the under surface and continuously send it while the upper surface of the work is exposed to the atmosphere in the furnace.

Abstract: A two-stage gas distribution nozzle for a muffle furnace includes an inner pipe with spaced apertures for feeding gas at spaced intervals to an outer pipe enclosing the inner pipe. The outer pipe includes spaced apertures facing in a direction such that the jets of gas from the inner pipe impinge on a wall of the outer pipe opposite the outer pipe apertures. The gas in the outer pipe is at lower pressure than the gas in the inner pipe and is more uniformly distributed along the length of the outer pipe to provide more uniform flow to the ambient atmosphere in the muffle.

Abstract: A method of processing steel slabs in which the slabs are continuously routed through a furnace to a slabbing mill the slabs being sequentially charged through the bottom of the furnace by a reciprocating mechanism whereby on the upward stroke the slab charged engages and lifts the slabs piled above it and is then securely held (via jaws) until engaged itself in the next cycle by the succeeding slab. The top slab is discharged during each cycle whereby the number of slabs in the pile in consistent and all are heated on their exposed surfaces during their period in the furnace.This invention maximises the use of the residual heat from the cast slab where `sizing` is to be performed.

Abstract: Cermic materials (i.e. architectural face-bricks) are fired in a tunnel kiln of the type having a firing zone and a downstream cooling zone. The cooling zone is segregated into indirect and direct cooling zones via a sealed gate structure therebetween. The heated gases in the indirect cooling zone are thus preliminarily cooled by suitable means (for example, a heat exchanger) and the cooled gases are returned via a closed-loop path to the indirect cooling zone. The fired ceramic materials in the direct cooling zone are finally cooled by the direct introduction of an oxygen-rich gas (i.e. ambient air). In such a manner, a reducing atmosphere may be maintained in the firing zone and in the indirect cooling zone while final cooling of the bricks occurs in the direct cooling zone. Thus, the oxygen-rich atmosphere of the direct cooling zone is prevented from entering the indirect cooling zone via the sealed gate structure thereby permitting frost-resistant bricks to be fired and cooled on a continual basis.

Abstract: A rotating drying chamber has a hot zone 6 and a cooler zone 10. The temperature in the hot zone 6 is high, whereas the temperature in the cooler zone 10 is lower. The material to be dried is held in the hot zone 6 for a shorter period of time than it is held in the cooler zone 10. The dried product is recovered through a discharge valve 17.

Abstract: A fiber treatment oven is disclosed in which hot gas is flowed parallel to and between fiber pathways within the oven to reduce deflection and breakage of fibers and to reduce end-to-end temperature variations in the oven. Hot gas is emitted centrally of the oven and flows toward ends of the oven. Preferably, an additional, generally tubular stream of hot gas is emitted centrally of the oven and generally surrounds and envelopes the fiber pathways to reduce side-to-side temperature variations.

Abstract: A continuous combustion furnace in which the charges to be heat processed is passed through the tunnel in the kiln having three temperature zones comprising a preheating zone, a firing zone subsequent to the preheating zone and a cooling zone subsequent to the firing zone, wherein turbulant flows of atmosphere are induced in each of the temperature zones so that the charges are preheated, fired and thereafter cooled uniformly.

Abstract: An intermittent top firing tunnel kiln equipped with a burner having a ceramic air nozzle, in which an air nozzle assembly is mounted to a wind box adjacent to the burner tile through a burner support tile, said assembly being constructed by a metallic air supply pipe supported by a metal fixture at the ceiling portion of the kiln and being connected at the tip of said pipe to the ceramic air nozzle, and in which an oil nozzle is disengagably provided at the center in said air nozzle assembly, whereby the secondary air for combustion is supplied to said wind box through the walls of the kiln.

Abstract: A furnace for heat treating metal slabs or strips includes a heating chamber through which stock is passed in confronting relationship to an array of jet impingement radiation burners. Combustion is separated from the stock by flat refractory plates having a plurality of holes uniformly distributed thereover which direct uniform jets of combustion products upon the strip or slab. The jets of combustion products heat the work by convection. Also, the refractory jet forming plates are heated to radiance so that heat energy is transferred to the work by radiation.

Abstract: The air flow in one zone of a gypsum wallboard dryer involves removal of the air from the wallboard drying section at one end of the elongate wallboard drying section, followed by directing a major portion of this air through fans to accelerate the air flow, next heating the air in an elongate plenum, through which the air passes, by directing high intensity flame angularly into the air flow from the periphery of the elongate section, thus creating agitation within the air flow to create uniformity of temperature therethroughout prior to directing the heated, thoroughly mixed air back into the wallboard drying section, at an end of the section opposite to the end from which it was originally removed.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying a chemical product containing a burnable liquid by igniting and burning the liquid from the product, consisting of means for contacting the product with a burnable liquid, means for feeding the product and means for cooling the product and liquid to a temperature below the ignition temperature of the liquid, continuous conveyer means for transporting the product to a burning chamber, the burning chamber having inlet means for the product, combustion air inlet means, ignition means for igniting the burnable liquid and outlet means for hot combustion gases and outlet means for the dried product.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying a material containing a burnable organic liquid by igniting and burning the liquid from the material, consisting of an enclosed burning chamber having at one end an inlet for the material to be dried, a combustion air inlet and an ignition means for igniting the burnable organic liquid and having at the opposite end transport means for drawing the material through the chamber, an outlet means for hot combustion gases and an outlet means for dried material.