Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method to produce electricity in a cement clinker production utilizing a kiln and/or a precalciner as combustion chambers to generate electricity, the method including: a. supplying fuel to the precalciner and/or the kiln in a quantity corresponding to at least 110% of a heat value requirement for clinker production operation of the precalciner and/or the rotary kiln per unit weight of clinker, respectively; b. bypassing a portion of hot flue gases from at least one of (i) the kiln and/or (ii) the precalciner; c. leading hot flue gases to a heat recovery steam generator producing steam; d. producing electricity with a power island including a steam turbine equipped with an electrical generator.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate processing apparatus including a reaction chamber configured to heat a substrate; a transfer chamber configured to transfer the heated substrate; a refrigerant flow path installed in the reaction chamber; a refrigerant flow path installed in the reaction chamber; a refrigerant supply unit installed in the refrigerant flow path; a refrigerant exhaust unit installed in the refrigerant flow path; a transfer chamber refrigerant supply unit installed in the transfer chamber; a transfer chamber refrigerant exhaust unit installed in the transfer chamber; a heat exchanger connected to the refrigerant exhaust pipe and the transfer chamber refrigerant exhaust unit; a turbine connected to the heat exchanger; a generator connected to the turbine; and a control unit configured to control the refrigerant supply unit and the transfer chamber refrigerant supply unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing heat used in a synthesis gas production process is provided. The disclosed method and apparatus include a plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements adapted to separate oxygen from an oxygen containing stream contacting the retentate side of the membrane elements. The permeated oxygen is combusted with a hydrogen containing synthesis gas stream contacting the permeate side of the tubular oxygen transport membrane elements thereby generating a reaction product stream and radiant heat. The present method and apparatus also includes at least one catalytic reactor containing a catalyst to promote the steam reforming reaction wherein the catalytic reactor is surrounded by the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements. The view factor between the catalytic reactor and the plurality of tubular oxygen transport membrane elements radiating heat to the catalytic reactor is greater than or equal to 0.5.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a wax melting device and related methods of separating beeswax from a honeycomb structure. Some embodiments accommodate honeycombs of varying sizes. Additionally, some embodiments include independently adjustable supports that allow the device to be tilted so that molten wax can more easily drain. Furthermore, some embodiment include one or more thermally insulated walls and/or an insulated cover.

Abstract: An installation construction method is provided for boiler facilities in which the boiler facilities include a boiler building configured of a steel structure, a boiler main unit to be installed within the boiler building, various types of equipment to be installed to the boiler main unit, and accessory members which are accessory thereto. During construction of the boiler building, the various types of equipment and the accessory members are carried into the boiler building and installed.

Abstract: A source of thermal radiation for calibrating or testing infrared thermometers or detectors, in which improved temperature uniformity of the radiation-emitting surface is achieved by supplying heat to that surface by condensation of a working fluid as in a heat pipe. With appropriate selection of the working fluid, a wide range of temperatures is possible. Air convection currents at the radiation-emitting opening of the device may be suppressed by creation of a transition region of heated air by a baffle and air heater, further improving the temperature uniformity of the radiation-emitting surface.

Abstract: A unit for regenerating the heat produced by exhaust gases in movable hearth baking furnaces not altering the operating conditions of the furnace and not causing any damage thereto, either obtaining steam or heating at high temperature diathermic oil to be used for heating the mixtures intended to be used for preparing carbonaceous articles, which unit comprises: a side inlet mounted on the smokestack and provided with an on-off valve and a sector valve placed at the outlet of the smokestack; an exhauster; a control logic; a pressure adjuster; and, a temperature adjuster associated to a heat regenerator of a known type.

Abstract: A waste heat boiler system includes a vertically elongated waste heat boiler having an upper portion with a waste gas inlet and a lower portion with an exhaust line connection which in addition to its vapor generating tubes includes evaporator tube nests and a water preheater. The waste gases are received from a dry coke cooling vessel and they are delivered through a separator by a blower to the lower end of the coke cooling vessel for flow upwardly through the hot coke. The superheater is mounted over the waste heat boiler and has a connection through a controllable valve to the top of the waste heat boiler. The superheater includes its own burner and air and external gas supply are supplied to the combustion chamber for the superheater along with bypass portion of the circulated waste gases. The steam generated by the boiler is delivered from a steam cylinder or drum in the superheated tubes of the superheater.

Abstract: Apparatus for bulk curing tobacco comprising a barn having a heat exchanger therein defining interior flow paths for heated water and exterior heat exchange surfaces disposed within the curing air flow path within the barn, hot water storage tank unit, a power operated pump for circulating hot water between the hot water storage tank unit and the heat exchanger, a hot water heating unit and a power driven pump for continuously circulating water between the hot water heating unit and the hot water storage unit.

Abstract: A sintering plant of the type sintering raw materials, such as pulverized ores, while transporting them with a conveyor, in which quicklime is fed to the lower layer of the raw materials on the conveyor so that SO.sub.x produced during sintering process may be mainly contained in gases discharged to the downstream half of wind box array disposed below the conveyor and the gases only from the downstream half are fed through a heat exchanger to a desulfurization equipment having a relatively low capacity. The heat exchanger is arranged to heat water to be fed to a device, such as waste heat boiler, adapted to be operated with thermal energy recovered from a cooler for cooling the finished sinter discharged from the conveyor, whereby the thermal efficiency of the plant can be much improved.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a rapidly cooled solidified slag, which comprises: at least one rotating cooling drum rotating around a horizontal center axis thereof, said cooling drum being cooled by a cooling medium, and having an outer peripheral surface comprising a plurality of jogs over the entire surface thereof; a slag sump arranged at a position where said peripheral surface of said cooling drum begins to rise, the depositing molten slag onto said peripheral surface of said cooling drum; a scraper proved at the lower part of said peripheral surface of said cooling drum; and a slag feeding means arranged above said cooling drum, for pouring said molten slag into said slag sump; whereby said molten slag poured into said slag sump is deposited onto said peripheral surface of said cooling drum, rapidly cooled through heat exchange with said cooling medium along with rotation of said cooling drum to become a solidified slag, and peeled off from said peripheral surface of said cooling drum by said scraper.

Abstract: A tube bundle heat exchanger having an additional tube bottom with insertion tubes arranged in the inlet chamber upon the inlet side of the hot gases for the tubes located between the tube bottoms of the tube bundle. The additional tube bottom is arranged in such a way that both tube bottoms in the inlet chamber define another inlet chamber for colder, slag-free gases, which inlet chamber is accessible through an inlet in the shell of the tube bundle heat exchanger. The insertion tubes project far into, but not to the end of, the tubes of the tube bundle. The insertion tubes, with the outer tubes, form relatively narrow annular spaces suitable for generating high discharge speed. Four spiral formed strips respectively located in the annular spaces impart a twist to the gas flow discharging from the annular spaces to assure that gas discharging between the insertion tubes and the tubes of the tube bundle remain in flowing contact along the inner walls of the tubes.

Abstract: A system of air pollution control and heat recovery is provided for an arrangement of industrial ovens, especially for drum manufacture.A plurality of paint bake ovens of various capacities, lengths and heat input are provided for multi-stage processing in the manufacture of drums and lids therefor. A supply of high temperature water is provided for multi-stage cleaning and rinsing in the manufacturing operation.The combined exhaust from all of the ovens at 25% LEL is preheated in a heat exchanger and then all of the combustible components are burnt off by passing through the flames of an incinerator grid burner. The effluent from the burner first passes through the heat exchanger to preheat said oven exhaust gases and then through hot water coils to provide all of the necessary hot water for the system. High pressure hot water (275.degree.) is provided in this heat exchange operation.

Abstract: During a clean-out period when black liquor supply lines to paper pulp mill recovery furnace fuel spray guns are circulated with purge water or when black liquor firing is interrupted due to low consistency solids, the removal and unauthorized insertion of such fuel spray guns is positively verified and prevented by swing gates and series condition switches respective to each gun port. In order for a liquor circulation pump to be restarted following an automatic shutdown, all gates must be closed across respective gun ports which simultaneously closes all gate switches.

Abstract: In an injector for supplying gas into a fluidized bed, a distributor having a plurality of spaced elements located within a particulate material forming a fluidized bed to extend generally transversely therein.

Abstract: Green bark particles are conveyed slowly downward through a drying chamber countercurrently to rising hot combustion gases in a surrounding annular combustion zone. Bark discharges from the bottom of the drying chamber as fuel into the combustion zone. Hot combustion gases leaving the zone are utilized to supply heat or power to a sawmill.

Abstract: A process in which a substance undergoes endothermic change within a predetermined temperature range in at least one stage of the process and is subsequently subjected to a substantially higher temperature in a further stage of the process, characterised in that effluent heat from said further stage is augmented and the resultant supply of heat is applied partly to the generation of power, and partly to said endothermic change.

Abstract: A process for absorbing the heat from the cooling and solidification of metallurgical slags and converting of said heat into a useful form of energy such as steam. The molten slag is poured against a moving heat-transfer surface and is cooled by contact with said surface. Energy is released to said heat-transfer surface during the cooling process and is, in turn, transmitted to water which is converted to steam. Included with the process are necessary piping, steam drum, pumps and heat insulation.