Abstract: Manikin for the training of medical personnel and the like, comprising electrical circuitry for sensing of input parameters and controlling of output parameters. The manikin comprises a plate comprising metal, for the conduction of heat generated by said electrical circuitry, away from said circuitry. The said plate serves as a structural part, as it is connected, directly or indirectly, to at least one of the group consisting of thighs, pelvis, neck (head), and arms. Furthermore, the plate constitutes at least a part of a Faraday cage surrounding a manikin main board.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods appropriate for use in medical training are disclosed. In some instances, a patient simulator system is provided that includes a maternal patient simulator and a fetal patient simulator. The maternal patient simulator includes an internal chamber sized to receive the fetal patient simulator and a birthing mechanism disposed within the internal chamber configured to translate and rotate the fetal patient simulator with respect to the maternal patient simulator to simulate a birth. In some instances, the fetal patient simulator an internal support structure that includes a head, spinal components, left arm components, right arm components, left leg components, and right leg components with a continuous silicon skin layer covering the internal support structure.

Abstract: A flexible responsive model has a major surface and a sensor attached to and aligned with the major surface of the responsive model. The sensor may have piezoelectric body, such as an elastic body containing conductive nanotubes homogeneously distributed therein to form a conductive path and at least two electrodes in electrical connection with the conductive path. Models of organs, physical structures that are the subject of medical procedures are particularly useful in methods used in training personnel and evaluating medical techniques and medical personnel.

Abstract: A patient simulation system for healthcare training is provided. The system includes one or more interchangeable shells comprising a physical anatomical model of at least a portion of a patient's body, the shell adapted to be illuminated from behind to provide one or more dynamic images viewable on the outer surface of the shells; a support system adapted to receive the shells via a mounting system, wherein the system comprises one or more image units adapted to render the one or more dynamic images viewable on the outer surface of the shells; one or more interface devices located about the patient shells to receive input and provide output; and one or more computing units in communication with the image units and interface devices, the computing units adapted to provide an interactive simulation for healthcare training.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods appropriate for use in medical training are disclosed. In some instances, a patient simulator system is provided that includes a maternal patient simulator and a fetal patient simulator. The maternal patient simulator includes an internal chamber sized to receive the fetal patient simulator and a birthing mechanism disposed within the internal chamber configured to translate and rotate the fetal patient simulator with respect to the maternal patient simulator to simulate a birth. In some instances, the fetal patient simulator an internal support structure that includes a head, spinal components, left arm components, right arm components, left leg components, and right leg components with a continuous silicon skin layer covering the internal support structure.

Abstract: Apparatus, including a mockup cavity, simulating an actual body cavity of a human subject, wherein walls defining the mockup cavity comprise a tissue equivalent material (TEM). An array of electrodes are embedded in the walls. The apparatus further includes a programmable signal generator, connected to the electrodes, and configured to apply varying potentials to the array of electrodes so as to simulate electrophysiological potentials occurring in the actual body cavity on surfaces of the walls.

Abstract: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training manikins and methods of using CPR training manikins are described.

Abstract: A phantom, particularly for use in MR- or PET-based imaging methods, includes a hollow base body that delimits an interior volume, wherein the interior volume is subdivided into at least two volume portions by at least one separation element, and wherein the separation element or a section thereof consists of foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-fidelity three-dimensional surgical training model for demonstrating or practicing surgical techniques. The three-dimensional surgical training model simulates human tissues of the head, neck and shoulders. The three-dimensional surgical training model may comprise a wide variety of defects, including but not limited to various cutaneous defects. The present invention also relates to methods of building and utilizing a three-dimensional surgical training model.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a molded object. The method includes: supplying a first liquid material to a first region out of a molding enabling region where a powder material is arranged and curing the powder material of the first region using a lamination molding technology to form a first insoluble part insoluble in a solvent; supplying a second liquid material different from the first liquid material to the powder material of a second region, which is provided so as to be surrounded by the first region, out of the molding enabling region and curing the powder material of the second region using the lamination molding technology to form a second soluble part soluble in the solvent; and dissolving the second part in the solvent.

Abstract: A human surrogate neck model includes a spinal neck region containing cervical vertebrae. A biosimulant intervertebral material is inserted between the cervical vertebrae. The spinal neck region is surrounded by a first silicone material mixed with a polymeric cross-linking inhibitor. One or more elastic tension bands are anchored to a top interface and a bottom interface of the neck model. A second silicone material mixed with a polymeric cross-linking inhibitor is applied to surround the spinal neck region and the first silicone material and to embed the tension bands. One or more of the elastic tension bands and/or a concentration ratio of the first silicone material or second silicone material to the polymeric cross-linking inhibitor can be adjusted for variable test conditions to closely simulate or mimic the static and dynamic characteristics of a human neck in various scenarios.

Abstract: A method of teaching patient care is provided. The method includes providing a medical simulator including a model of at least a portion of a human body. The simulator is configured to execute a simulated medical scenario. The method also includes defining a plurality of palette items, each of the plurality of palette items associated with a physiological state of the simulator, and defining at least one scenario, the at least one scenario including a series of linked palette items. The method also includes selecting a scenario for execution by the simulator, communicating the selected scenario to the simulator, and utilizing the simulator to execute the selected scenario.

Abstract: Simulated pregnant abdominal systems and associated devices, systems, and methods are provided. The pregnant abdominal systems allow an interactive scenario simulating a routine gestation palpation of a fetal baby, the performance of an external cephalic version as well as the Leopold's Maneuvers. Further, the pregnant abdominal systems can be used as a platform to physically hear the fetus heartbeat using stethoscope, Doppler Instrument, or a Pre-Natal Monitor. Further, in some implementations the fetus can be visualized using standard ultrasound systems.

Abstract: An educational suturing apparatus is presented. The educational suturing apparatus may include a support layer and an imitation skin layer. The support layer may include an insert protruding from the support layer. An inner surface of the imitation skin layer may fit over the insert. The imitation skin layer may be made of an elastomer so that an incision may be cut and sutured back together.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for an apparatus and method for practicing injection techniques through an injectable apparatus. The injectable apparatus may contain a camera that is configured to provide three-dimensional location information for a testing tool based on light attenuated from the testing tool after it is injected into a simulated human or animal body parts. A training tool may be connected to a user display device to generate a display of the injection apparatus as well as the performance parameters of a trainee.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods appropriate for use in medical training are provided. In some implementations, the devices, systems, and methods are not dependent on external power supplies or internal batteries. A patient simulator is provided that includes a simulated patient body portion; and an electric-harvesting system positioned within the simulated patient body portion. The electric-harvesting system converts mechanical energy applied to the simulated patient body portion into electric energy for use by one or more components of the simulated body portion.

Abstract: A test device for an ossicular prosthesis for implantation in the middle ear that includes a first fastening element, a second fastening element and a connecting element that connects the two fastening elements in a sound-conducting manner. Parts of the ossicular prosthesis are made of a material having memory effect and subjected to shape-altering thermal treatment at implantation. The test device also includes a device for determining an optimized power setting or an energy application site for preparing parts of the ossicular prosthesis to be subjected intraoperatively to thermal treatment using a prosthesis mock-up that is identical in design to the ossicular prosthesis in terms of material, geometric shape, and manufacturing method in the parts to be subjected intraoperatively to thermal treatment.

Abstract: A system for medical training includes an anatomical simulator modeled after at least a portion of a body, the simulator including at least one external surface, and at least one cavity in fluidic communication with the external surface via a cavity. The system further includes at least one internal sensor positioned at an internal location of the anatomical simulator, the internal sensor positioned to receive an internal input based on forces applied from within the cavity, at least one external sensor positioned at an external location of the anatomical simulator and to receive an external input based on forces applied to the external surface, and a feedback display system in communication with the sensors to simultaneously record external sensor readings from the at least one external sensor and internal sensor readings from the at least one internal sensor and at least one time measurement device.

Abstract: Device for simulating variable lung compliance, comprising a structure having two main components (3, 4) between which an artificial lung (1) is situated, the main components (3, 4) being adapted to be moved away from each other by the lung (1) when the lung is inflated and are adapted to move towards one another to force air out of the lung (1) in an exhalation phase; and a biasing means (17, 18) acting to provide a force that acts to move the two main parts (3, 4) towards one another. The biasing means comprises at least one spring (17, 18), which is selectively attachable to impose the force, upon actuation by a spring holding mechanism (22, 32).

Abstract: A portable surgical training device is provided. The trainer includes a top cover spaced apart from a base to form a simulated body cavity for locating model organs that are substantially obscured from the field of view of the user. The top cover includes a video display, fixed insertion ports and interchangeable inserts containing simulated tissue layers. The training device has open sides for demonstrating and training lateral surgical techniques including a simulated or live tissue colon attached to a support leg for simulating transanal minimally invasive surgery. A training endoscope with an adjustable focal length for use with the trainer and, in particular, with optical trocars is disclosed. The surgical trainer can be angled and is well suited for training laparoscopic surgery techniques and demonstrating surgical instruments.

Abstract: The invention could be a surgical cataract trainer and a process for constructing same comprising an artificial surgical practice media formed from malleable material and two polymer sheets; a holder comprising of a base and a column with two ends, the base attaches to one end while the other end is open and is shaped to receive at least a portion of the artificial surgical practice media; a retaining ring; wherein one polymer sheet is stretched over the open end to support the malleable material within the open end as the other polymer sheet drapes over the malleable material, the one polymer sheet and the column to sandwich the malleable material between the two polymer sheets, the ring receives the two polymer sheets together with an outside of the column to make the polymer sheets taunt relative to the open end.

Abstract: A buttocks intramuscular injection training model is provided. The buttocks intramuscular injection training model includes a hip model having a similar shape to a human hip; injection modules inserted into both sides of the hip model and each being configured to comprise electrode layers to detect a needle and a muscle layer into which injection liquid is injected; a controller connected to the electrode layers to detect a location of the needle; and an input and output device wired or wireless connected to the controller for bidirectional communication with the controller and configured to visibly output the location of the needle.

Abstract: Patient simulator systems for teaching patient care are provided. In some instances, the patient simulator systems include a patient body comprising one or more simulated body portions. Generally, the patient simulator systems of the present disclosure provide physiological modeling. In one embodiment, the patient simulator includes a maternal simulator comprising a maternal circulatory model, a maternal cardiac ischemia model, and a maternal respiratory model and a fetal simulator comprising a fetal circulatory model, a fetal cardiac ischemia model, and a fetal central nervous system model. A controller in communication with the maternal and fetal simulators coordinates parameters of the maternal circulatory model, the maternal cardiac ischemia model, the maternal respiratory model, the fetal circulatory model, the fetal cardiac ischemia model, and the fetal central nervous system model to simulate physiological characteristics of a natural mother and fetus.

Abstract: A healthcare simulation system includes a mannequin with active physiological characteristics, a display monitor adapted for displaying physiological parameters and a computer for controlling the mannequin and the monitor. A healthcare simulation method includes the steps of programming the computer with healthcare scenarios, operating active characteristics of the mannequin and dynamically displaying physiological parameters corresponding to patient vital signs. Alternative aspects of the invention include tools, such as computers and other equipment, for obtaining and displaying information and for interconnecting and interfacing participants, subjects and controllers in training systems and methods. Glucometer simulation and training are also disclosed.

Abstract: An inflatable exhibit of a heart includes an inflatable infrastructure inflatable to a three-dimensional partial representation of the heart at a scale greater than at least, 10:1, but more preferably greater than 20:1, and most preferably, greater than 25:1. The infrastructure includes a cross-sectional plane thereacross. The exhibit further includes a walk-through passageway defined, at least, in part by the inflated infrastructure, and extending through the inflated infrastructure. The cross-sectional plane defines a plane of the passageway.

Abstract: The present invention is a medical training simulation apparatus for training of medical professionals in medical examinations involving body parts with concealed geometry. The apparatus may comprise a physical model of a body part having an opening and structure that simulates the concealed geometry of a body part and may receive an inserted medical tool. A video display may be disposed within the structure of the apparatus to display at least one image of a physical defect or medical condition for the body part. The at least one image may e be alterable such that its appearance simulates the appearance of the defect or medical condition within the concealed geometry when viewed using the medical tool in relation to an applicable human or animal subject patient. The training apparatus is operable for one or more simulations for training a trainee in a medical examination or procedure for a body part in accordance with a training method.

Abstract: A medical training and simulation system includes a plurality of inanimate objects, each being associated with an identification tag which stores an identification code which uniquely identifies an associated object. A database stores information of the objects. A reader reads a respective identification code of a selected object. An information retrieving processor retrieves the stored information which corresponds to the read identification code of the selected object. A device reproduces at least a portion of the retrieved information of the selected object.

Abstract: Injection training devices comprising elements for repeatable and accurate simulation of parenteral injection for training individuals in the administration of one or more medications are provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for an apparatus and method for practicing injection techniques through an injectable apparatus. The injectable apparatus may contain a camera that is configured to detect the intensity and color of light attenuated from a testing tool after it is injected into a simulated human or animal body parts. A training tool may be connected to a user display device to generate a display of the injection apparatus as well as the performance parameters of a trainee.

Abstract: To provide a swallowing simulation apparatus that facilitates approximate reproduction of an actual phenomenon of swallowing.

Abstract: A surgical simulator is disclosed herein. The surgical simulator includes an artificial organ and an enclosure substantially enclosing the artificial organ. The artificial organ is substantially formed of platinum cured room temperature vulcanization silicone rubber (“PCRTVS”).

Abstract: A vascular stenosis model includes a stenosis region model and a transparent holding die including a groove that enables the stenosis region model to be held. The transparent holding die includes a first member and a second member that are separable from each other. In vertical sectional view of the transparent holding die, the groove is positioned at either an upper side or a lower side of a boundary between the first member and the second member.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are typodont models and dental mannequins that provide a highly accurate representation of the human or non-human animal oral anatomy. The model embodiments disclosed herein provide life-like materials and various features of the oral cavity not found in typical typodont models. Additionally, the typodont models disclosed herein simulate many challenging conditions that arise in dental procedures when performed on live subjects such as, for example, clouding of instruments including minors used to view the interior portion of the oral cavity, oral fluid interfering with the work area, and other real-life interferences and complications. The ability to mimic the oral cavity with as much accuracy as possible is beneficial to the dental field for both practitioners as well as patients.

Abstract: An apparatus for simulation of an endoscopy operation. A dummy endoscope (1) is inserted into a unit (2) which monitors the position of the dummy instrument and provides force feedback to the instrument in accordance with a stored software model. A virtual image simulating the view from the endoscope is displayed. Additional simulation is provided of an external condition to the patient body, for example patient orientation (8), external pressure applied to the body (9), (10) and trans-illumination (11).

Abstract: A method of teaching patient care is provided. The method includes providing a medical simulator including a model of at least a portion of a human body. The simulator is configured to execute a simulated medical scenario. The method also includes defining a plurality of palette items, each of the plurality of palette items associated with a physiological state of the simulator, and defining at least one scenario, the at least one scenario including a series of linked palette items. The method also includes selecting a scenario for execution by the simulator, communicating the selected scenario to the simulator, and utilizing the simulator to execute the selected scenario.

Abstract: A model for practicing surgical procedures which involve the cutting of skin and or tendons. A covering representing skin is stretched around a frame. A band can be added which represents tendons or ligaments. An elongated rod assists in maintaining the position of the covering and the band. Once the covering and band is cut, a new covering and new band can be placed on the frame.

Abstract: A cannulation simulator. The simulator comprises a frame (1) shaped like a part of the human body, on the surface of which a cannulation zone (4) is arranged for insertion of a needle, in particular a cannulation needle. According to the invention, the cannulation zone (4) comprises a layer formed of a gel-like, at least essentially transparent polymeric material, which layer in regard to its mechanical properties at least approximately corresponds to human loose connective tissue, at least one vein simulating polymeric hose (5) arranged inside the polymeric material layer, as well as an elastic polymeric film (6) covering the polymeric material layer on the surface of the body. The simulator facilitates cannulation training.

Abstract: A model human eye that is structurally suited for practicing surgical techniques, including extraocular muscle resection and recession, is presented. The model eye comprises a hemispherical-shaped, bottom assembly having multiple retinal layers and a hemispherical-shaped, integrally molded top assembly having a visually transparent cornea portion surrounding a visually opaque sclera portion. The model eye further comprises an annular iris, a lenticular bag, an anterior chamber having a first fluid disposed therein, and a posterior chamber having a second fluid disposed therein.

Abstract: A method for determining arrangement data which represents an arrangement of measurement points on an anatomical structure of a patient, wherein the arrangement data is individually determined for different regions of the anatomical structure.

Abstract: An injection training dummy, including a) a three-dimensional shell member which can be penetrated by an injection needle, and b) a closure member detachably interconnected with the shell member, wherein c) the shell member and the closure member constitute a chamber into which liquid can be injected through the injection needle, and d) the shell member and the closure member are designed such that they do not absorb the liquid.

Abstract: A doll for educating caregivers about Shaken Baby Syndrome comprises a head portion, a body, and may comprise transparent skin. The head portion may have a simulated brain disposed therein. The head portion is floppably connected to the body. The doll may further comprise a first chamber and a second chamber containing simulated blood, the simulated blood being visible in the first chamber after acceleration experienced during a shaking episode, but otherwise being concealed from view in the second chamber. A plurality of acceleration sensors may be disposed within the doll to detect acceleration experienced during a shaking episode, and the plurality of acceleration sensors may trigger warnings to the caregiver when portions of the doll experience acceleration sufficient to endanger an infant.

Abstract: A healthcare simulation system includes a mannequin with active physiological characteristics, a display monitor adapted for displaying physiological parameters and a computer for controlling the mannequin and the monitor. A healthcare simulation method includes the steps of programming the computer with healthcare scenarios, operating active characteristics of the mannequin and dynamically displaying physiological parameters corresponding to patient vital signs. Alternative aspects of the invention include tools, such as computers and other equipment, for obtaining and displaying information and for interconnecting and interfacing participants, subjects and controllers in training systems and methods.

Abstract: A surgery simulator includes a physical surrogate surgical interface that represents an interface between a user and a simulated patient in a simulated surgical scenario that involves manipulation of both simulated hard and soft tissue. Sensor(s) sense the user's manipulation of the surrogate surgical interface. A surgical simulation generator generates a real time 3D surgical simulation of the surgical scenario based on the manipulation sensed by the sensor(s). The real time 3D surgical simulation comprises real time simulation state data. The surgical simulation generator renders the real time simulation state data into a real time computer graphics generated video representation of the surgical simulation and provides the real time video representation to a display for real time viewing by the user. The surgical simulation generator simulates effects of the manipulation on both simulated hard tissue and simulated soft tissue of the simulated patient.

Abstract: Removable tension-pneumothorax-simulator cartridge for use with a patient simulating mannequin, comprising a rigid body having a hollow cavity therein, the body having two openings in fluid communication with the cavity, the cavity being shaped and dimensioned so as to be capable of receiving therein through the first opening a 14-gauge 3.

Abstract: An ostomy learning assembly generally includes a body attachment device, and an artificial stoma couplable to the body attachment device.

Abstract: Implementations relate to anatomical models and surgical training. In some implementations, an anatomical training model includes a base portion and a top portion that form a hollow space between the base portion and top portion. A plurality of holes are positioned in the top portion. The model includes a plurality of cannula supports, where each cannula support is aligned with one or more corresponding holes in the top portion.

Abstract: Apparatus for simulating microlaryngeal surgery. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a larynx model that emulates an actual larynx, the larynx model including an inner passage that includes a vocal fold model support that emulates a portion of an actual vocal fold, and a vocal fold model that emulates tissues of an actual vocal fold, the vocal fold model being adapted to be received by the vocal fold model support of the larynx model.

Abstract: A patient simulating mannequin has a head, at least one electronic visual display mounted to the head, and an electronic controller connected to the at least one electronic visual display. The at least one electronic visual display displays at least one of a plurality of eye images in response to a signal from the electronic controller. The plurality of eye images includes a plurality of images of pupils and at least one of iris and sclera. The plurality of images of the pupils and the at least one of iris and sclera includes images of at least one of different colors, positions and shapes of these elements. The electronic controller can control a brightness of the electronic visual display. An eye module and a method for modeling eyes of a patient simulating mannequin are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for generating a patient report of a medical consultation by a health care professional using a terminal, the method comprising the steps of, via said terminal receiving patient information data; prompting data entry of said patient condition via a graphical user interface (GUI) associated with said terminal; presenting on said GUI at least one image of the human anatomy associated with said entered patient condition; manipulating said at least one image; presenting on said GUI treatment options; storing on a computer readable medium said patient information data, said at least one image, said treatment options in a database structure; and providing said patient information data, said at least one image, said treatment options to said patient or a third party.

Abstract: A model of an adult penis is provided for use in practicing and testing various circumcision procedures. The model includes a form in the approximate shape of an adult penis and a removable and replaceable practice foreskin positionable over the form. The form includes a glans component and a base component. A tube of flexible material is provided to form the artificial foreskin over the glans and base components. A method of forming an practice foreskin for use in testing and training a practitioner in circumcision procedures is also disclosed.