Abstract: A computerized method and system for demonstrating and teaching electron configurations in atomic structure are disclosed. One method includes presenting to a user one or more user interfaces stored in memory of the computing system, the one or more user interfaces includes a plurality of electron configuration diagrams. The method also includes receiving user input into an orbital box diagram displayed in the one or more user interfaces, the user input defining a possible electron configuration. The method further includes in response to the user input, updating the one or more user interfaces to illustrate the electron configuration received from the user, and if instructed by the user, generates a report regarding the compliance of the user-entered electron configuration with one or more electron configuration rules.

Abstract: Modular frames for instructional use that provide secure mounts for geometric solids are presented. Some contemplated modular frames can be assembled into three dimensional modular devices and are particularly suitable for instructional purposes. Modular devices comprising two or more frames could be coupled via a clip in two or more different configurations. Containers including conductive material and configured to provide a Faraday cage around their contents are also provided.

Abstract: A computerized method and system for demonstrating and teaching electron configurations in atomic structure are disclosed. One method includes presenting to a user one or more user interfaces stored in memory of the computing system, the one or more user interfaces includes a plurality of electron configuration diagrams. The method also includes receiving user input into an orbital box diagram displayed in the one or more user interfaces, the user input defining a possible electron configuration. The method further includes in response to the user input, updating the one or more user interfaces to illustrate the electron configuration received from the user, and if instructed by the user, generates a report regarding the compliance of the user-entered electron configuration with one or more electron configuration rules.

Abstract: A wave function of quantum mechanics is regarded as a vector potential having a component only in a ?-direction of polar coordinates (r, ?, ?). The result of applying a rotational vector operation to the vector potential is regarded as a magnetic field. The result of applying the rotational vector operation to the magnetic field is regarded as an electric field. A drawing on a plane or a three-dimensional model is configured to express both the magnetic and electric fields or one of the fields. The drawing or the model, as an educational tool, visualizes the figure of an atom, enables educands to have a close feeling toward sciences, and especially quantum mechanics, and enables them to have concrete images of various physical phenomena in the atom.

Abstract: A Quantum Model of the atom has been formulated, which illustrates how classical wave structures and four-wave intersections provide a background-independent supersymmetric metric of quantized positions outward from the atom's single neutrino centerpoint. The Quantum Model reveals the physical structure and the natural regularization of low-energy lattice circle solutions as the basis for quantum loops founded at Planck scales. Importantly, the Model provides the causal structure for charge, confinement, the Higgs mechanism, photons and gravity. The Quantum Model provides a unique tool for teaching, demonstration, rendering, and experimentation related to atomic level structures, field generation, bonding, and elemental bond control.

Abstract: A computer implemented molecular modeler displays information concerning structural validity to the user. The display of information may be updated substantially continuously while the user modifies the molecular model. The display of information may comprise a color coded indicator and/or text associated with the atoms of the molecular model.

Abstract: The invention provides new designable protein backbone configurations. The configurations are produced by a computer implemented method which includes the steps of: (a) specifying a fixed number of secondary structural elements having a set of dihedral angle pairs (b) generating a set of stacks having secondary structural elements; and (c) evaluating designability of the stacks.

Abstract: A computer implemented molecular modeler displays information concerning structural validity to the user. The display of information may be updated substantially continuously while the user modifies the molecular model. The display of information may comprise a color coded indicator and/or text associated with the atoms of the molecular model.

Abstract: A topographic model useful to design and synthesize memory-enhancing substances is disclosed. Administration of substances designed by this method to enhance memory in mammals, including humans, is disclosed. Such substances include peptides having the amino acid sequence Val Phe Phe.

Abstract: The invention comprises an article useful in teaching the core construction of the Yin and Yang symbol, as well as various scientific theories. The invention includes a template mechanism useful in practicing the various methods described in the invention, as well as being useful for practicing the methods taught by the invention.

Abstract: A motorized scientific demonstrator that simulates the theoretical structure of an atom of various modeled molecules by demonstrating the rotational motion of the electron orbits by being deflected magnetically. Bohr's theoretical atom, which show the placement of the electrons in their respective K, L, M, N, O, P, Q shells, simulate the rotational movement of the electron orbits.

Abstract: The Electron-Space Display Model (ESDM) is a teaching aid for demonstrating the systematic patterns in which electrons are distributed within space confinements, called shells and subshells, radiating outward in the space surrounding an atomic nucleus. Among the components of the ESDM is a diagram depicting, by means of color-coded configurations, the shells and subshells contrived by scientists to conceptualize the atomic domains of electrons and how they lawfully inhabit those domains. The diagram also features specific points (tiny apertures) designated "electron-spaces" within the subshells illustrating places where electrons would conceptually be found if "frozen" in position. Behind the diagram is a rotatable wheel with over 5000 tiny apertures precisely and systematically placed such that they align in 103 different patterns with the apertures in the diagram.

Abstract: A board apparatus is arranged for educational presentation of inter-relationship relative to atomic particles and their associated energy levels relative to interaction of such particles, wherein the board structure includes a central ferrous metallic base plate formed with a perimeter framework accommodating a plurality of ferrous metallic discs to simulate atomic particles such as electrons and their interaction relative to one another. A modification of the invention includes a dispenser housing mounted to a first side of the framework and a container housing mounted to a second side of the framework to provide for the respective dispensing of the discs and the storage of writing instruments.

Abstract: A novel molecular model assembly is provided herein for representing the structure of a molecule. That assembly includes a three dimensional body providing a physical representation of an atomic core, and a first cylindrical hole extending inwardly along a central longitudinal axis of such three dimensional body from each end of such three dimensional body. A plurality of connecting guiding elements, e.g. arcuate lobes project from such three dimensional body or a plurality of arcuate slots are inset into such three dimensional body, each being disposed equiangularly about the periphery of such three dimensional body core.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for demonstrating the physical properties and chemical relationships between elements which includes three-dimensional models of the individual elements positioned within a chassis preferably in the same order as they are in the periodic chart. The models are magnetized spheres having model properties to indicate the size, coloration, density and electron affinity of the corresponding basic elements. The display chassis includes a plurality of retaining positions for holding the spheres and sensors for sensing the absence of the models or spheres such that an interfacing device can withdraw information from a computerized data bank for display of information concerning the element withdrawn from the chassis on a display device. Also information concerning possible molecular combinations will be displayed thereon responsive to simultaneous absence of two of the elemental models.

Abstract: A device of producing a model of Baryon states comprises a form permanent body divided into two halves along a plane interface and forming at least one cavity. This cavity is defined by a spheroidal transformation of a homomorphic Euclidean representation of an invariant gauge field symmetry of the Baryon, in a root vector lattice corresponding to the analytical symmetry of the three-dimensional, spherical 0 (3) Lie algebra. The cavity has a symmetry plane in said interface.

Abstract: A three-dimensional, tetrahedral truss and its method of construction are provided. The truss comprises a three-dimensionally periodic skeletal array of an interconnected plurality of skeletal-tetrahedric units, the array being in the pattern of the crystallographic structure known as "cubic-diamond" (FIG. 1). Each of the skeletal-tetrahedric units is a skeletal arrangement of elongate members joined in the pattern of an equilateral skeletal tetrahedron (FIG. 4), and is preferably assembled from four hexagonic triplanar-rings (FIG. 4A) being of the form created by joining six bilateral-elements in a closed ring, triplanar pattern (FIG. 3), the bilateral-elements each having equal sides and having an included angle of about 109.degree.28' (FIG. 3).