Abstract: Provided is a membrane carrier for a liquid sample test kit (3) that detects a substance to be detected in a liquid sample, the liquid sample test kit including at least one flow path (2) capable of transporting the liquid sample, in which a microstructure that causes a capillary action for transporting the liquid sample is provided on a bottom surface of the flow path (2), and a level difference at which a height level of the bottom surface changes, is provided in the flow path (2). The membrane carrier preferably has a detection zone for detecting a substance to be detected in the liquid sample.

Abstract: Provided is a membrane carrier for a liquid sample test kit (3) that detects a substance to be detected in a liquid sample, the liquid sample test kit including at least one flow path (2) capable of transporting the liquid sample, in which a microstructure that causes a capillary action for transporting the liquid sample is provided on a bottom surface of the flow path (2), and a level difference at which a height level of the bottom surface changes, is provided in the flow path (2). The membrane carrier preferably has a detection zone for detecting a substance to be detected in the liquid sample.

Abstract: Disclosed are genetically engineered microbial cells for the production of oligosaccharides comprising a galactose-?1,4-glucose moiety at their reducing end, wherein said microbial cells are able to produce said oligosaccharides in the absence of exogenously added lactose, and a method of producing said oligosaccharides using said microbial cells.

Abstract: The present invention is in the technical field of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. More particularly, the present invention is in the technical field of fermentation of metabolically engineered microorganisms. The present invention describes engineered microorganisms able to synthesize sialylated compounds via an intracellular biosynthesis route. These microorganisms can dephosphorylate N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate to N-acetylglucosamine and convert the N-acetylglucosamine to N-acetylmannosamine. These microorganisms also have the ability to convert N-acetylmannosamine to N-acetyl-neuraminate.

Abstract: Provided is a method comprising (a) providing a hydrolysis composition of at least 20 wt % of sugar equivalents, wherein the hydrolysis composition comprises a first oligosaccharide, water, optionally a soluble aromatic compound, (b) contacting the hydrolysis composition with a catalyst in a first reactor to hydrolyze at least a portion of the first oligosaccharide to form a first product composition comprising a first monosaccharide and a second oligosaccharide, (c) separating the first monosaccharide from the first product composition to form a second product composition comprising the second oligosaccharide, wherein at least a portion of the second oligosaccharide is a reversion sugar, and (d) converting via a further hydrolysis step at least a portion of the second oligosaccharide to form a third product composition comprising a second monosaccharide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the extraction of silica from lignocellulosic plant matter, including the steps of: a) fractionating the lignocellulosic plant matter in the presence of an acid solution, so as to obtain a solid fraction including cellulose; b) extracting the silica from the solid fraction obtained in step a) with a basic solution, at a pH between 10 and 13 and at a temperature between 70° C. and 90° C., so as to obtain a liquid phase including silica and a solid phase; c) separating the liquid phase and of the solid phase which are obtained in step b); and d) precipitating the silica which is included in the liquid phase, at a pH between 5 and 6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for purifying 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose by using microorganisms and provides an effect of improving the production yield of 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose by using microorganisms during purification after enzymatic hydrolysis of agarose or agar.

Abstract: Interactions between aqueous fluids and clay-containing subterranean formations may be problematic due to issues associated with clay destabilization and migration. Subterranean treatment methods may comprise: providing a clay stabilizing composition comprising an amine-functionalized dextrin compound having 2 to about 20 glucose units linked together with ?(1,4) glycosidic bonds, and an amine-functionalized dextran polymer having a plurality of glucose units linked together with ?(1,6) glycosidic bonds; introducing the clay stabilizing composition into a subterranean formation bearing a clay-containing mineral; and interacting the amine-functionalized dextrin compound and the amine-functionalized dextran polymer with the clay-containing mineral to affect stabilization thereof. A portion of the glucose units are oxidatively opened and functionalized with at least one amine group at a site of oxidative opening in both the amine-functionalized dextrin compound and the amine-functionalized dextran polymer.

Abstract: Certain embodiments are directed to method for synthesizing and using glycoconjugates based on the immunodominant epitope Gal?(1,3)Gal?(1,4)GlcNAc? (Gal?3LN?).

Abstract: The present invention provides a ?-agarase, a composition containing the same and applications thereof. The present ?-agarase provides the field a novel alternative and is favorable for the industrial utilities of the hydrolysis products of agarose. Furthermore, the present agarase is particularly modified for heterologous production by prokaryotic expression systems, and thereby is favorable for commercial use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel peptides derived from Actin-like protein 8 (ACTL8), complexes comprising such peptides bound to recombinant MHC molecules, and cells presenting said peptide in complex with MHC molecules. Also provided by the present invention are binding moieties that bind to the peptides and/or complexes of the invention. Such moieties are useful for the development of immunotherapeutic reagents for the treatment of diseases such as cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat-resistant agarase and a monosaccharide production method using same. More particularly, in the present invention, a heat-resistant agarase may be used to produce galactose and 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose at high yield by efficiently breaking down agarose or agar without a chemical pretreatment, a neutralization process, or an agarotriose hydrolase treatment process.

Abstract: A surfactant-improved simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation method for lignocelluloses in which a pretreated lignocellulose substrate is directly subjected to surfactant-improved simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation without any detoxification by adding a surfactant, and the surfactant may be selectively added before or after pre-enzymatic hydrolysis, having economic, effective and feasible application prospects in reducing the loss of glucose, simplifying the production process, reducing equipment investment, reducing water consumption, improving ethanol production and reducing the total cost of the ethanol production process.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of modulating and/or decreasing serum corticosterone levels in an individual affected by stress. Further disclosed are methods of modulating the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal response in an individual. The methods include administration of 2-fucosyl-lactose to an individual.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for enhancing learning and/or memory, enhancing memory acquisition, memory retention and recall by inducing a higher long-term potentiation in hippocampal neuronal synapsis in individuals. The methods include administration of 2-fucosyl-lactose to an individual.

Abstract: The present specification discloses pest control compositions, articles of manufacture, containers or kits comprising such compositions, and methods and uses to control a population of invertebrate pests from a mammal, location, plant, structure treated of such pest control compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a topical composition that contains a fermentation extract from a simultaneous or sequential fermentation. When topically applied to skin, the composition of the invention is effective in stimulating the production of hyaluronic acid, CD44 and Caspase 14 protein in skin cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thermostable pullulanases useful for industrial and scientific purposes. The present invention provides methods for producing the modified pullulanase, enzymatic compositions comprising the modified pullulanase, and methods for use of the enzymatic compositions.

Abstract: Enzymatic reactions are disclosed herein comprising water, glucose-1-phosphate, cellodextrin, and at least one cellodextrin phosphorylase enzyme comprising an amino acid sequence that is at least 90% identical to SEQ ID NO:2 or SEQ ID NO:6. These reactions produce a low molecular weight, insoluble cellulose with enhanced features.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the invention relates to methods for creating a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to antigen. The method may start from a polyclonal population of antibodies such as a non-specific polyclonal population or a polyclonal population of antibodies that specifically bind to the antigen. The method includes obtaining nucleic acid molecules encoding heavy and light immunoglobulin chains (or variable regions thereof) of multiple immunoglobulins from an animal; obtaining mass spectra information of peptide fragments of a population of polyclonal immunoglobulins that specifically bind to an antigen of choice; comparing and/or correlating the mass spectra information of the peptide fragments of the polyclonal immunoglobulins with predicted mass spectra information of predicted amino acid sequences encoded by the nucleic acid molecules, and then assembling the heavy and light chains to create an antibody (or variable region thereof) that specifically binds to the antigen.

Abstract: This solid pharmaceutical composition is useful as a solid pharmaceutical composition of 1-(3-(2-(1-benzothiophen-5-yl)ethoxy)propyl)azetidin-3-ol, which is excellently elutable and moldable and is stable in long-term storage, or a salt thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process to extract peptides and maltodextrins from quinoa flour for the manufacturing of foodstuff corresponding to a gel for sportspeople consumption during and after physical activity.

Abstract: The invention addresses the need for enzymes that can enhance the yield of fermentable sugar from the hydrolysis of lignocellulose biomass, for example sugar cane bagasse, barley straw and wheat straw, such that the use of this biomass can become economically viable. The invention provides methods for the hydrolysis of biomass using a laccase derived from Ganoderma lucidum. Further, the invention provides an enzyme composition comprising a laccase derived from Ganoderma lucidum which may be combined with one or more cellulases, and for its use in enhancing lignocellulose biomass hydrolysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods to identify novel bacteria and metabolites derived therefrom. More specifically, the invention describes a novel method to isolate bacteria producing metabolites of interest from environmental samples. Particularly, the invention discloses a method to select rare antibiotic producing bacteria. The invention can be used from any sample and allows the isolation of bacteria having e.g., pharmaceutical or agrochemical interest.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for preparing ultrapure (?95%) galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), starting from GOS at lower purities by using sequential microbiological purifications involving Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Streptococcus thermophilics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a strain of Serratia plymuthica capable of producing turanose and to the uses thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides variants of the Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanase (CelG) that have improved endoglucanase activity compared to the wild type enzyme. Also provided are related polynucleotides, compositions, vectors, host cells, and methods of use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to production of fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic material by enzymatic conversion. The fermentable sugars are useful e.g. in the production of bioethanol. Novel polypeptides having endoglucanase activity, polynucleotides encoding them and vectors and host cells containing the polynucleotides are disclosed. A method for treating cellulosic material with the novel endoglucanase as well as uses of the enzymes and enzyme preparations and a method of preparing them are described.

Abstract: Disclosed are mutants of galactosyltransferases that can catalyze formation of oligosaccharides in the presence of magnesium; mutants of galactosyltransferases having altered donor and acceptor specificity which can catalyze formation of oligosaccharides in the presence of magnesium; methods and compositions that can be used to synthesize oligosaccharides; methods for increasing the immunogenicity of an antigen; and methods to stabilize platelets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mutated and/or transformed microorganisms for the synthesis of various compounds. More specifically, the present invention discloses microorganisms mutated in the genes encoding for the regulators ArcA and IclR. The latter mutations result in a significant upregulation of the genes that are part of the colanic acid operon. Hence, said microorganisms are useful for the synthesis of any compound being part of the colanic acid pathway such as GDP-fucose, GDP-mannose and colanic acid, and/or, can be further used—starting form GDP-fucose as a precursor—to synthesize fucosylated oligosaccharides or—starting from GDP-mannose as a precursor—to synthesize mannosylated oligosaccharides. In addition, mutations in the genes coding for the transcriptional regulators ArcA and IclR lead to an acid resistance phenotype in the exponential growth phase allowing the synthesis of pH sensitive molecules or organic acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a photosynthetic product, the method comprising maintaining a photosynthetic plant or algal cell suspension culture, in the presence of water, light and a carbonic acid-enriched growth medium. The carbonic acid may, for example be provided by feeding the photosynthetic plant cell suspension culture with a carbonic acid solution, a solid or liquid precursor thereof, or a gaseous mixture of carbon dioxide and one or more other gases. The invention also provides a method for producing a photosynthetic product, the method comprising maintaining a photosynthetic plant or algal cell suspension culture, in the presence of water, light and a carbon source selected from carbon dioxide and carbonic acid, wherein the culture is maintained at a pH of less than 7.0, preferably 4.5 to 5.5.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to variant CBH I polypeptides that have reduced product inhibition, and compositions, e.g., cellulase compositions, comprising variant CBH I polypeptides. The variant CBH I polypeptides and related compositions can be used in variety of agricultural and industrial applications. The present disclosure further relates to nucleic acids encoding variant CBH I polypeptides and host cells that recombinantly express the variant CBH I polypeptides.

Abstract: A method for generating human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) or precursors thereof, compounds obtainable by the method, and uses and compositions involving such compounds. The method comprising the steps of a) providing at least one donor selected from the group of compounds of any of formulae 5 to 10, b) providing at least one acceptor from a group of lactose, LNT, LNnT and derivatives thereof, c) providing at least one enzyme comprising a transglycosidase activity and/or a glycosynthase activity, d) preparing a mixture of the at least one donor, at least one acceptor and at least one enzyme provided in steps a), b) and c); and e) incubating the mixture prepared according to step d).

Abstract: The present invention relates to gram positive bacteria with increased stress resistance and/or improved storage characteristics. In particular, the invention relates to gram positive bacterium which accumulate intracellular trehalose. The gram positive bacterium according to the invention lack cellobiose-specific PTS system IIC component (PtcC) activity. The gram positive bacterium may further lack trehalose 6-phosphate phosphorylase (TrePP) activity. The gram positive bacterium may further overexpress trehalose transporters. The invention further relates to compositions comprising such gram positive bacterium as well as methods and uses thereof.

Abstract: A method of oxidizing a saccharide, by contacting the saccharide with an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzyme selected from a quinone redox cofactor-dependent ADH, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) redox cofactor-dependent ADH, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) redox cofactor-dependent ADH, and any combination thereof is described. An oxidized saccharide obtainable by the method and products, in particular food products and paper products, containing the oxidized saccharide, are also described.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods and systems of producing neoagarobiose, useful in whitening melanoma cells and in cosmetics, using polypeptides having neoagarobiosebiohydralase activity, including Aga86E from Saccharophagus degradans. The reaction can be enhanced by including other agarases, including Aga16B, also from S. degradans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having endoglucanase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having endoglucanase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the isolation and to the characterization of two proteins having a novel enzymatic activity, i.e. a porphyranase activity. These proteins are useful for hydrolyzing polysaccharides containing sulfated agaro-colloids and for producing oligo-porphyrans, notably oligo-porphyrans with a defined structure and size.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having xylanase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetically modified actinobacteria for the production of an enzyme having chitosanase activity. The genetically modified actinobacteria have a reduced (or abolished) activity of the CsnR polypeptide. Such reduced activity can be obtained by reducing the capacity of expressing the csnR gene, its corresponding transcript or expressing a dominant-negative CsnR polypeptide. Such genetically modified actinobacteria are less dependent (and, in some embodiment, totally independent) on the presence of chitosan in the culture medium for producing an enzyme having chitosanase activity. In addition, the genetically modified bacteria produce less proteases in the culture medium and ultimately provide a chitosanase end-product with higher purity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for the fermentation of cellodextrins and ?-D-glucose. Host cells and recombinant polypeptides having glucose mutarotase activity are provided. Additionally, methods for improving cell growth, production of chemicals, and consumption of cellodextrins and ?-D-glucose during fermentation of mixtures containing cellodextrins and ?-D-glucose are provided.

Abstract: A method for the enzymatic saccharification of a lignocellulosic raw material, including adding a pretreated lignocellulosic raw material as a material suitable for an enzymatic saccharification reaction, together with an electrolyte containing a water-soluble salt, to water that contains a celluolose saccharification enzyme; saccharifying the raw material by an enzymatic saccharification reaction, as a suspension of the raw material having an electrical conductivity adjusted to 5-25 mS/cm; separating and recovering a reaction product and an enzyme-containing solution from the enzymatically saccharified treatment suspension; and recycling the recovered enzyme-containing solution as the enzyme for the enzymatic saccharification step.

Abstract: A method for the production of a saccharification product is provided, the method comprising: a) providing a cellulosic feedstock comprising lignin; b) contacting, in water, the feedstock of (a) with at least one metal carbonate at time 0 hour under suitable initial reaction conditions to produce a first delignification slurry; c) contacting the first delignification slurry with a nucleophilic base at time (0+n) hour, where n represents a number greater than zero, under suitable secondary reaction conditions to form a second delignification slurry comprising a lignin-containing liquid fraction and a polysaccharide-enriched solid fraction; d) separating the lignin-containing liquid fraction from the polysaccharide-enriched solid fraction; and e) contacting at least a portion of the polysaccharide-enriched solid fraction with an enzyme consortium to produce a saccharification product comprising xylose and glucose monomers wherein the overall yield of xylose and glucose monomers in the saccharification produc