Abstract: In the method according to the present invention and with the use of reagents according to the present invention, it has been possible to perform routine examinations of activities of cholinesterase in serum, that is of high importance for examinations of liver function disease. A kinetic determination method with using an autoanalyzer can be performed in reacting a test sample of serum with p-hydroxybenzoyl choline as a substrate in presence of p-hydroxybenzoic acid hydroxylase.

Abstract: An oxidase selected from the group consisting of glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase, choline oxidase and glucose oxidase can be stabilized by adding thereto an acidic amino acid or a salt thereof. The resulting stabilized composition can be used for quantitatively determining the content of glycerol-3-phosphate, choline, triglyceride, glucose, etc., in a biological fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reagent for the enzymatic determination of an enzyme substrate, containing a system for the determination of the substrate, which comprises at least one enzyme, at least one buffer substance and at least one indicator substance and optionally contains adjuvants, wherein the reagent contains a definite amount of the enzyme substrate in an insufficient amount with regard to the substrate determination capacity of the system for the determination of this substrate.The present invention also provides a process for the enzymatic determination of an enzyme substrate in the presence of disturbing substances which can react with the substrate itself or with an intermediate or end product of the indicator reaction, wherein, before the addition of the sample to be investigated, a definite amount of the substrate is first reacted with the reagent until reaction is complete, whereafter the sample to be determined is added.

Abstract: A composition, test device and method for determining the presence of leukocytes, esterase and/or esterase activity in a test sample is disclosed. The composition comprises an ester which, when cleaved by esterolytic activity, produces a detectable response such as color formation. In addition the composition comprises the compound 3-quinuclidinol. The device is prepared by incorporating a carrier matrix, such as paper, with the composition. The method comprises contacting a test sample with the device and observing a detectable response.

Abstract: An enzyme having enoyl-CoA hydratase activity, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activity, all in the same enzyme, is produced by culturing the microorganism strain Pseudomonas fragi B-0771 FERM-P No. 5701, and isolating the enzyme thus produced from the culture medium. Such an enzyme is useful in an assay method for a fatty acid component in a sample, which fatty acid is originally present in the sample or is liberated from a fatty acid ester in the sample, comprising:(a) converting the fatty acid to acyl-CoA;(b) converting the thus-produced acyl-CoA to dehydroacyl-CoA;(c) converting the thus-produced dehydroacyl-CoA to hydroxyacyl-CoA;(d) converting the thus-produced hydroxyacyl-CoA to ketoacyl-CoA;(e) converting the thus-produced ketoacyl-CoA to acyl-CoA; and measuring the detectable changes in the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A sensitive direct immunoassay system is provided for the detection of an antigen associated with hepatitis in body fluids. A single antibody which reacts with a hepatitis antigen or antigens and which is bonded to an insoluble member, is incubated with a test sample. During this first period of incubation a portion of an antigen present in the test sample will combine with the antibody immobilized on the insoluble member. The antibody bonded member, to which antigen is attached, is then washed and incubated with an enzyme tagged antibody reagent. During the second incubation, the tagged antibody reacts with antigen fixed to the antibody member in the first incubation. Thus, an immobilized "sandwich" is formed of an insoluble member- antibody-antigen-enzyme tagged antibody. After the second incubation, the member is washed again to remove unreacted enzyme antibody reagent. The member is then exposed to a substrated which is converted by the enzyme to produce an end product.

Abstract: This invention relates to diagnostic reagents and a method for increasing the sensitivity of chemical and enzymatic analysis. In particular, it relates to an improved reagent and method wherein the sensitivity of the analysis is improved by the addition of a water-soluble inclusion compound.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a novel class of substituted theophylline salts useful as reagents in an irreversible enzyme inhibitor immunoassay for theophylline. The use of such reagents increases the sensitivity of the theophylline assay.

Abstract: Method, kits and reagents for the simultaneous, kinetic spectrophotometric analysis of blood serum samples for multiple components. Pairs of components which may be simultaneously analyzed are: cholesterol and triglyceride; glucose and urea; uric acid and gamma glutamyl transferase; calcium and magnesium; albumins and total protein.

Abstract: A method for determining the activity of cholinesterase comprising the steps of:mixing a solution containing p-methoxybenzoate demethylmonooxygenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) and p-methoxybenzoyl choline cation having the following formula: ##STR1## with a liquid containing cholinesterase, measuring the decrease in absorbance of light by NADH, which is based on a consumption of NADH, and calculating the activity of cholinesterase therefrom.

Abstract: The disclosed methods and devices for detecting or monitoring or identifying substances (such as chemical warfare agents) and residual environmental pollutants (such as pesticides) utilize the discovery that spectra (e.g. infrared absorption spectra) of an uninhibited enzyme (e.g., a cholinesterase) can differ from spectra of the same enzyme which has been complexed with the agent pollutant. For example, the infrared spectrum of uninhibited butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) lacks a distinct absorption peak found at about 1000 cm.sup.-1 in the BuChE-Malathion spectrum. The enzyme is used to collect and concentrate the agent or pollutant, and the resulting complexed enzyme can then be analyzed (e.g., by infrared spectroscopy) and its spectrum compared to an uninhibited enzyme spectrum.

Abstract: N-sulfoalkylaniline derivatives in which at least one sulfoalkyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms is attached to the nitrogen atom which are useful as dyestuff forming substances, a composition for determining the presence of peroxides using such compounds and the process for determination of peroxides using such compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for measuring cholesterol of various fractions of seric lipoproteins, the methods comprising the separation of said fractions of lipoproteins by means of a lectin capable of precipitating the LDL and VLDL fractions, then measuring the amount of cholesterol in the precipitate and in the remaining solution.

Abstract: A stabilized composition comprising apoglucose oxidase is disclosed. In addition to the apoenzyme, a stabilizing agent comprising poly(vinyl alcohol), bovine serum albumin or mixtures thereof is included. The composition can also comprise, in addition to the apoenzyme and stabilizing agent, reagents for a homogeneous specific binding assay system capable of producing a detectable response which is a function of a ligand in, or the ligand binding capacity of a test sample, wherein the apoenzyme is itself one of the reagents in the assay system. The stabilized composition can be utilized in a test device for assaying a ligand in, or the ligand binding capacity of a liquid sample, whereby the device comprises a test device incorporated with the composition.

Abstract: An aminopyrine-improved Trinder's reagent is disclosed to be used for the dosing of hydrogen peroxide from enzymatic oxidation of metabolic substrata, such as glucose, cholesterol, uric acid, tryglycerides and coline. The use of such an improved reagent in Trinder's reaction enables to avoid any interference from bilirubin, particularly in the determination of uric acid. The dosing process (for uric acid) is also disclosed by means of such a reagent.

Abstract: A rapid, semi-automated method for determining dibucaine numbers is disclosed wherein use is made of a unit dosage form of dibucaine or a test pack containing dibucaine in a unit dosage form.

Abstract: Diagnostic agent for the detection of leukocytes in body fluids, comprising an absorbent carrier which is impregnated with a chromogen and a buffer substance, wherein the chromogen is a sulfonphthalein ester of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a carboxylic acid residue optionally substituted by halogen or lower alkoxy; or is an amino acid or peptide residue having a nitrogen protective group;R.sub.2 is a halogen atom or a lower alkyl radical; andR.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are individually selected from hydrogen and halogen.Certain of the chromogen are provided as novel compounds.

Abstract: A stable enzyme reference composition having an excellent shelf-life. The composition comprises at least one enzyme of known value; about 20 to about 40 weight percent of at least one alkylene polyol having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms; about 3 to about 8 grams (gm) per deciliter (dl) total protein present in a human serum albumin matrix; and about 60 to about 80 weight percent water.

Abstract: The stability of a cholinesterase (particularly a cholinesterase solution impregnated into a porous material and air-dried) can be improved by: (a) buffering the cholinesterase solution with a zwitterionic buffer, e.g. a buffer having a sulfonic acid group and a protonatable amine group, and, preferably, (b) further drying the impregnated, air-dried porous material under a high vacuum (e.g. 0.01 mm Hg or less) at normal ambient temperatures. The most useful porous materials are sheet-like in nature; that is, they have only two major surfaces. An impregnated, sheet-like material of this invention can be used in a cholinesterase inhibitor detector kit. A typical kit of this type provides a simple means for detecting, inter alia, environmental cholinesterase-inhibiting pollutant, e.g. organophosphorous pesticides and nerve agents.

Abstract: An enzyme assay reagent comprises a substance which is capable of interaction with the enzyme to give rise to the formation of a compound of formula X--A--Y--NO.sub.2, wherein A comprises an aromatic nucleus, X comprises an auxochromic group and Y comprises an unsaturated group which is capable of transmitting electron resonance between the aromatic nucleus and the nitro substituent, said compound per se being capable of producing a visual signal which is easily discernible by eye.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a method for determining ligands in test samples comprising intermixing with the test sample a ligand analog-irreversible enzyme inhibitor conjugate and a binding protein bindable to the ligand and the ligand analog-irreversible enzyme inhibitor conjugate and wherein the amount of ligand analog-irreversible enzyme inhibitor conjugate bound by the binding protein is related to the amount of ligand in the test sample, said binding protein inactivating the irreversible enzyme inhibitor when bound to the ligand analog portion of the conjugate; intermixing an enzyme which is irreversibly inhibited by the ligand analog-irreversible enzyme inhibitor conjugate unbound by the binding protein; and intermixing substrate to the enzyme and monitoring the enzyme substrate reaction.The invention also includes ligand analog-irreversible enzyme inhibitor conjugates useful as reagents in practicing the method.

Abstract: Colorimetrical determination of hydrogen peroxide in clinical examinations, food additives analyses and general analyses can be carried out accurately, rapidly and economically by using a composition for producing color producing reagents comprising 4-aminoantipyrine, a N-substituted-3-alkylaniline and a hydrogen peroxide activating agent such as peroxidase, said composition forming a coloring material having excellent sensitivity and color stability in contact with hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A method for detecting the presence and quantitatively determining the amount of ionic or nonionic surfactants on a surface, particularly for the rapid determination of the surfactants on glass surfaces. The method comprises the use of an enzyme-substrate combination, including an enzyme which binds the ionic or nonionic surfactant on the surface, but is not deactivated, or inhibited, by the nonionic surfactant's binding. An indicator molecule is also present which is responsive to the product of the enzyme-substrate reaction. In operation, an aqueous solution of the enzyme and indicator is applied to the surface to be tested and sufficient time is allowed for any surfactant to dissolve and bind the enzyme. A solution of a standard ionic surfactant is then added which will bind and deactivate the enzyme if the enzyme has not been bound by any nonionic surfactant present. Finally, a solution of the enzyme substrate is added.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for determining the concentration or quantity of enzyme molecules, microorganisms or substrate molecules by monitoring directly the concentration and/or the quantity of vaporous by-product produced from the selective reaction of the molecule catalyzed with a known amount of substrate or of an enzyme or a microorganism. The apparatus comprises a membrane permeable to the vaporous product or substrate, a known amount of microorganism or an enzyme adjacent to the membrane, means for introducing a liquid sample into contact with the microorganism or enzyme within a small volume adjacent the membrane and means for measuring the amount of vaporous by-product passing through the membrane. A mass spectrometer located adjacent the membrane surface is suitable for measuring the amount of vaporous product or substrate passing through the membrane.