Abstract: A method and device for making different thickness of biofilms is disclosed. It comprises: (a) a pair of pentagonal dish including a dish bottom and a dish cover; (b) an internal thickness module having a number of protrusions of different heights or of the same height The method and device also offers a simple way for testing the effect of various biofilms on the adhesion and corrosion of different materials.

Abstract: With a method for cryo-preservation, at least one specimen is arranged on a storage substrate and specimen data, which are characteristic for features of the specimen, are stored at specific positions. Also, a storage substrate for cryo-preservation with such a method is described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for embedding cells that utilizes a flow-through embedding technique maximizes the efficiency of extractions and decreases time for embedding the cell fragments, minimizes cell loss, and automatically positions cell samples at the position in which a microtome blade will section them. The apparatus includes a cell flow pathway defined by an inflow tube for delivering cell fragments from a cell sample to a sample port. The sample port is in fluid communication with a tissue cassette having attached thereto a filter. The cell flow pathway is in communication with a reagent flow pathway for delivering the reagents through the sample port to the cassette. The apparatus is configured such that the application of pressure directs the cell fragments from the cell sample through the cell flow pathway, and effects delivery of the reagents through the reagent flow pathway.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment compartment (1) for treating histological samples with treating agents (2, 2?, 2?). The treatment compartment (1) comprises a housing (3) with an inlet and outlet (4, 4?) for the treating agents (2, 2?, 2?), a rotatable retaining device (5) which receives the samples and a closable access opening (6) on the front (7). The aim of the invention is to improve a treatment compartment (1) of the above kind in such a way that it has a compact design and is easily accessible without the risk of the treating agents (2, 2?, 2?) emerging.

Abstract: An appliance for accelerating the degradation of feces and other organic wastes is disclosed. The appliance comprises a container containing an accelerator to accelerate the breakdown of fecal wastes, and a transport mechanism for ejecting the accelerator from the container. The accelerator comprises a mixture of microorganism and free enzymes which are environmentally friendly and non-toxic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biopharmaceutical product cryopreservation system, for cryopreserving a biopharmaceutical product that includes a cryopreservation compartment; a cryopreservation fluid located within the cryopreservation compartment; and a biopharmaceutical product cryopreservation vial located within the cryopreservation compartment and surrounded by the cryopreservation fluid, and the biopharmaceutical product cryopreservation vial including a body that includes an oblong cross-section defining proximal and distal ends of the body, and at least one nucleating structure, coupled to a distal end of the body, and the body including a cryogenically stable material that is compatible with biopharmaceutical products. Also disclosed are cryopreservation vials and methods of cryopreserving biopharmaceutical products.

Abstract: Third stage juvenile (J3) entomopathogenic nematodes are prepared for storage by being induced into a state of cryptobiosis. The induction of cryptobiosis is effected by mixing an aqueous cream of the J3 nematodes with anhydrous, small particles of non-fibrous cellulose. The cryptobiotic J3 nematodes are stored in a container, fitted with an attachment which maintains the water activity in the container at a required value. The attachment includes a rigid tube that connects the interior of the container with a chamber that is vented to ambient atmosphere by small apparatus. The chamber contains water-absorbent material saturated with water or with a saturated salt solution, and the tube contains an air-permeable plug. An alternative attachment comprises a plastic envelope as the chamber, one face of which is stuck to the wall of the container. Small aperatures in the face are aligned with apertures in the container wall.

Abstract: A device for transferring cells present in fluid media is provided which is especially useful for in vitro fertilization techniques and intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedures.

Abstract: a method for separating particulate matter from a fluid, using apparatus which includes a container and cover, a filter assembly positioned in a housing atop the cover and suitable for collecting particulate matter in the fluid on a collection surface, and a dispersing element fixed relative to the cover. The cover has a portion that is fixed in a first position and freely rotatable in a second position. The specimen is placed in the container, and a mixer apparatus rotates the container in relation to the cover to disperse the particulate matter throughout the fluid. Upon deactivation of the mixer apparatus, a fluid sample including dispersed particulate matter is drawn through the filter assembly to capture a substantially uniform layer of particulate matter on the collection surface. The housing is then opened to expose the layer of particulate matter, which is then transferred to a microscope slide.

Abstract: A collection device and method of use for excised tissue immobilization, removal of core samples from immobilized tissue and transport of the tissue for specimen radiography and pathological analysis. The collection device is comprised of a base member having an annular bottom wall and a side wall upwardly extending from the peripheral edge of the side wall, a lid member having a top wall and a skirt circumscribing the side wall and extending downwardly therefrom, and an incremental latching mechanism for securing the lid member to the base member. The side wall of the lid member includes a plurality of apertures positioned around at least a portion of the circumference of the side wall. In use, a tissue specimen placed in the base member is immobilized by compressing the tissue between the top wall of the lid member and the bottom wall of the base member and securing the lid member and base member together with the latching mechanism.

Abstract: A lid body 200 is divided, on its front side, into three parts, that is, a pair of first movable parts 220 in the form of curved plates on both sides of the body and a second movable part 230 in the form of a flat plate in the middle of the body. A container body 100 is provided with a front engagement member 131 which is displaceable in front and in the rear of the body 100. The first movable parts 220 have front engagement members 221 formed at their front ends to be engageable with the front engagement member 131. While, the second movable part 230 has a disengagement member 231 formed at the front ends. The first movable parts 220 on elastic deformation are engaged with the front engagement member 131. When the second movable part 230 is subjected to depression of its upper face at the front end so that the disengagement member 231 causes the front engagement member 131 to be displaced forward, the engagement of the front engagement member 131 with the front engagement members 221 is released.

Abstract: A bag, method of manufacture and process are disclosed for the cryopreservation of thermolabile substances. The bag is characterized as having substantially uniform thickness throughout its length and height. The bag features a radiused peripheral edge wall for stress relief and to provide the constant cross-section. A peripheral flashing circumscribes the radiused edge wall and provides a suitable purchase area for sealing so that the thus formed bag is less susceptible to fracture particularly when exposed to cryogenic temperatures. The uniform thickness of the bag promulgates uniform heat transfer to and from the contents of the bag in relation to any surrounding medium at a different temperature. The bag affords more space for efficient storage and reduces heat invasion into the contents of the bag when a plurality of bags are placed with their larger planar surfaces in contact with each other.

Abstract: A device for quantitively collecting, preserving and mailing a fresh and wet specimen of fecal or other biological matter for later analysis comprises a tubular vessel defining a chamber closed at one axial end by a plug and restricted at the opposite end by a narrow aperture. A stopper for closing the open end of the vessel extends into a stick whose distal portion has indentations capable of retaining a portion of the biological matter when the stick is dipped into it. A medial portion of the stick intimately contacts the edge of the aperture so that the amount of matter introduced into the chamber is limited and the excess stored outside the chamber in the presence of a disiccant for drying. The shank of the stick is dimensioned to seal the aperture once the stopper has been screwed upon the open end of the vessel. The plug mounts a breakable hollow nib and is installed after introduction into the chamber of a metered volume of preserving solution.

Abstract: A method of delivering oxygen to a biological entity comprising of dissolving oxygen into a perfusate and forcing the perfusate through the biological entity whereby substantially high levels of oxygen are available to satisfy the biological demand of the biological entity. An apparatus for supplying oxygen to a biological entity whereby substantially high levels of oxygen are available to satisfy the metabolic demand of said biological entity. An apparatus for supplying metabolic supplements to a biological entity whereby the effect of said metabolic supplement on said biological entity can be monitored. The method and apparatus keeps a biological entity such as an organ viable at a range of temperatures while in an aerobic state. This allows the study of said organ from a physiological or experimental standpoint. It allows said organ to be transplanted with little or no reperfusion injury, thus increased survivability over the prior art.

Abstract: A tissue sample is conventionally visualized in a microscope. A selectively activated convex surface is provided, preferably at the distal end of a rod. This selectively activated convex surface when activated, typically with a laser through an optic light path in the microscope, provides the activated region with adhesive properties. At least one portion of the tissue sample which is to be extracted is identified. This identified portion is contacted with a portion of the selectively activated convex surface on the end of the rod. When the convex surface is activated, typically by exposure to laser light in the footprint of the desired sample, an adhesive transfer surface on the selectively activated convex surface is provided which adheres to the desired cells in the footprint of the desired sample. Thereafter, the adhesive transfer surface is separated from the remainder of the tissue sample while maintaining adhesion with the desired cells. Thus the desired portion of the tissue sample is extracted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a treatment compartment (1) for treating histological samples with treating agents (2, 2′, 2″). Said treatment compartment (1) comprises a housing (3) with an inlet and outlet (4, 4′) for the treating agents (2, 2′, 2″), a rotatable retaining device (5) which receives the samples and a closable access opening (6) on the front (7). The aim of the invention is to improve a treatment compartment (1) of the above kind in such a way that it has a compact design and is easily accessible without the risk of the treating agents (2, 2′, 2″) emerging.

Abstract: A porous container for controllably releasing various substances into surrounding fluid environments includes a porous material having pores sized and configured to allow the substances contained within the container to pass through the pores at a rate of no more than about 0.5 g/day/cm2. In a particular embodiment, the porous container is adapted to controllably release microorganisms into surrounding fluid environments, which microorganisms may be cultured within the porous container. The porous container may also be utilized with a variety of dispensing vessels to obtain desired controlled release characteristics.

Abstract: With a method for cryo-preservation, at least one specimen is arranged on a storage substrate and specimen data, which are characteristic for features of the specimen, are stored at specific positions. Also, a storage substrate for cryo-preservation with such a method is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preservation of a liquid biological sample. The biological sample is exposed to a preservative containing at least about 0.15 g of sodium benzoate and at least about 0.025 g of citric acid per 100 ml of sample. The biological sample may be collected in a vessel or an absorbent mass. The biological sample may also be exposed to a substrate and/or a vehicle.

Abstract: An organ perfusion apparatus and method monitor, sustain and/or restore viability of the organs and preserve organs for storage and/or transport. Other apparatus include an organ transporter, an organ cassette and an organ diagnostic device.

Abstract: The invention is a novel cell freezing and storage bag assembly and method for using the assembly in the seed train expansion of mammalian cells. The bag is constructed principally of polytetrafluoroethylene fabric. The bag is designed to hold enough cells that a bioreactor can be inoculated directly. The bag is designed to be filled to a fraction of its maximum capacity so that the cell suspension has a very thin cross-section (less than about 10 millimeters). The bag design includes a transfer set that can be sterilely welded to the source of the mammalian cells. This sterile-weldable transfer set allows the bags to be filled quickly with minimal risk of contamination. In the method, once each bag is filled, it is sealed below the connection with the transfer set and the bag is cut “above” the new seal (on the same side of the seal as the transfer set). When a bioreactor is to be inoculated, the contents of the bag are drained via a sterile-weldable inoculation line.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and device for creating an environment in a container that is suitable for growing anaerobic bacteria. The device utilizes exothermic chemistry to deplete oxygen and drive the decomposition of a bicarbonate present in the closed system. The decomposition of the bicarbonate results in the release of carbon dioxide. The result of this exothermic reaction and decomposition of the bicarbonate in the closed system results in a suitable oxygen depleted, carbon dioxide enriched atmospheric environment for the growth of anaerobic bacteria. The device is formed of an air permeable package containing a heat generating composition and a bicarbonate. The air-permeable package is contained within an outer wrap that forms an air barrier to the air-permeable package. To activate the heat generating composition, the outer wrap is removed to expose the air-permeable package to the oxygen within the container.

Abstract: A cell loading device including a first member having at least one elevated surface and a second member having an opening configured to accommodate the elevated surface of the first member when the second member is positioned adjacent the first member.

Abstract: An apparatus for storing and shipping a coded set of related culture specimens without risk of contamination or contact between individually coded specimens, comprising a closeable case having multiple individual storage cells and a coding scheme applied to the surfaces of the case. The coding scheme identifies and matches individually coded specimens with their respective storage cells.

Abstract: A container for biological fluids useful in artificial insemination is disclosed. The inventive container has a nozzle for delivery of the biological liquid, wherein the nozzle has means for bending such that the container may be used in a vertical position while attached to a horizontal catheter. The nozzle also has means to facilitate opening the tube without tools.

Abstract: A tissue processor is disclosed for processing biological tissue, for example, for mounting on microscope slides. The tissue processor has a valve arrangement in the bottom of a tissue processing chamber, whereby a selected one of a plurality of fluid ports formed in a base of the tissue processing chamber may be connected with the interior of the chamber for supply of processing fluid thereto or discharge of fluid from the chamber. In this way different processing fluids may be passed into and removed from the processing chamber in succession, for processing of tissue samples contained in baskets within the chamber. The valve arrangement comprises a rotary disc at the bottom of the chamber and in sealing engagement with a valve surface on the base of said chamber, the valve surface being provided with a plurality of ports connected with respective said fluid inlets.

Abstract: A case for the protection and transportation of epidermis or skin grafts includes a lid (1) and a tray (2) able to be superimposed and fitted on each other so as to define a closed, essentially flat space (V) able to contain the epidermis or skin graft immersed in a preservation liquid under stretched conditions. Both the lid (1) and tray (2) are provided with a peripheral flange (F) which is able to be heat sealed. Space (V) is small enough to avoid the wrinkling of the skin graft contained therein, even if the case is inclined.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel apparatus for obtaining a cellular or tissue sample from a brush device. The apparatus comprises a collection container including an open end and a closed end, and an interior wall. One portion of the interior wall defines a central axis. Another portion of the interior wall is capable of holding a brush device at an angle with respect to the central axis.

Abstract: An air sampler device and method for collecting airborne pathogens and psychrometric data for room or remote air samples wherein the sample volume is electronically controlled. Particulates in the air are caused to impact the surface of the growth/inhibitor media contained in the pathogen dish thereby depositing pathogenic microorganisms in the media. The growth/inhibitor media may be a solid, liquid, gel, or mixture thereof. After the pathogen dish is incubated, colony forming units are counted for determination of air quality parameters. A chip-based sensor measures psychrometric properties of the air sample.

Abstract: An improved cell carrier grid. The grid is capable of containing and retaining individual living cells in an array discrete locations and includes a body that defines having an ordered array of holes arranged according to an organizational plan such that each of the holes is identifiable. Each of said holes can contain at least a portion of an individual living cell. According to some embodiments of the invention, individual cells contained within said holes reside substantially in a single focal plane so that accuracy of data collected is increased. According to some embodiments of the invention, said body is at least partially coated with a biologically active material. According to some embodiments of the invention, said body is designed and constructed such that said individual cells contained within said holes are recoverable by a recovery device.

Abstract: A Rhodobacter species and variants thereof are provided for odor remediation of anaerobic livestock waste lagoons. Also provided are vector systems and genetically reconstituted Rhodobacter PS9 cells, and related methods for biomass production in anaerobic livestock waste lagoons.

Abstract: The invention is a novel cell freezing and storage bag assembly and method for using the assembly in the seed train expansion of mammalian cells. The bag is constructed principally of polytetrafluoroethylene fabric. The bag is designed to hold enough cells that a bioreactor can be inoculated directly. The bag is designed to be filled to a fraction of its maximum capacity so that the cell suspension has a very thin cross-section (less than about 10 millimeters). The bag design includes a transfer set that can be sterilely welded to the source of the mammalian cells. This sterile-weldable transfer set allows the bags to be filled quickly with minimal risk of contamination. In the method, once each bag is filled, it is sealed below the connection with the transfer set and the bag is cut “above” the new seal (on the same side of the seal as the transfer set). When a bioreactor is to be inoculated, the contents of the bag are drained via a sterile-weldable inoculation line.

Abstract: A porous container for controllably releasing various substances into surrounding fluid environments includes a porous material having pores sized and configured to allow the substances contained within the container to pass through the pores at a rate of no more than about 0.5 g/day/cm2. In a particular embodiment, the porous container is adapted to controllably release microorganisms into surrounding fluid environments, which microorganisms may be cultured within the porous container. The porous container may also be utilized with a variety of dispensing vessels to obtain desired controlled release characteristics.

Abstract: A straw for the conservation of small quantities of substances, notably biological substances, comprising a segment of tube fitted internally at one end with closure means comprising a two-part plug comprising a microporous and hydrophobic membrane and an insert through which there is a substantially coaxial orifice.

Abstract: Arrays of biological tissue can be created by removing cores from regions of interest in a series of donor blocks of embedded tissues. The cores removed are placed in a regular array in a recipient block. This is typically done with two different punches, one for obtaining the cores of interest and the other for creating the receiving holes in the recipient block. The present invention comprises such a system including a single z axis, with a mechanism for automatically changing two or more punches in and out of a holder on the z axis.

Abstract: A laboratory apparatus, such as a tissue processor, includes a container for containing material which may emit noxious fumes, the container having a closure moveable between an open position and a closed position in which it closes off or opens a mouth of the container. A fume collecting arrangement is provided including vents provided adjacent the mouth or opening of the container and apparatus operable to draw in air, with fumes escaping from the container, whilst the closure is in the open position, and to pass the air carrying the fumes for treatment or to a disposal outlet. The apparatus operable to draw in air may be electrically operated and may be controlled by a switch operated automatically by opening and closing said closure.

Abstract: Arrays of biological tissue can be created by removing cores from regions of interest in a series of donor blocks of embedded tissues. The cores removed are placed in a regular array in a recipient block. This is typically done with two different punches, one for obtaining the cores of interest and the other for creating the receiving holes in the recipient block. The present invention comprises such a system including a single z axis, with a mechanism for automatically changing two or more punches in and out of a holder on the z axis.

Abstract: An automated mechanism for guiding a microelectrode toward an oocyte placed in a perfusion chamber consists of a movable guide tube holding the electrode and a fixed guide collar in fixed relation to the target oocyte. Because the guide tube and guide collar are independently mounted, the alignment of the tip of the microelectrode is effected by its placement within the precisely aligned guide collar, irrespective of any fine misalignment of the guide tube. Accordingly, a change of microelectrode in the guide tube does not affect its final alignment toward the oocyte so long as the calibration of the guide collar is not disturbed, thereby providing a mechanism for maintaining the alignment of different microelectrodes successively mounted in the system without requiring recalibration.

Abstract: A plant propagation apparatus is disclosed which comprises a flexible transparent enclosure. The enclosure is disposable, and could be formed of a polymer such as polyethylene. The enclosure would have at least two walls, formed of flexible material that facilitates transmission of light through the walls. Plant material is sealed within the enclosure, and nutrient solution is made available within the sealed enclosure for the plant. The enclosure is a low cost and effective method for propagating young plants and transporting them between the laboratory environment and a greenhouse or field. The enclosure may be configured to receive gas or carbon dioxide on its inner surface to a predetermined level of pressure, thereby affording the enclosure a flexible but stiff mechanical resistance that protects the young plant while it is growing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biopharmaceutical product cryopreservation system, for cryopreserving a biopharmaceutical product that includes a cryopreservation compartment; a cryopreservation fluid located within the cryopreservation compartment; and a biopharmaceutical product cryopreservation vial located within the cryopreservation compartment and surrounded by the cryopreservation fluid, and the biopharmaceutical product cryopreservation vial including a body that includes an oblong cross-section defining proximal and distal ends of the body, and at least one nucleating structure, coupled to a distal end of the body, and the body including a cryogenically stable material that is compatible with biopharmaceutical products. Also disclosed are cryopreservation vials and methods of cryopreserving biopharmaceutical products.

Abstract: A device particularly suited for constructing frozen tissue microarrays. The device comprises: a cooling chamber for receiving at least one frozen material and for maintaining the frozen material in a frozen condition; the cooling chamber moveable in an x and y direction relative to a horizontal surface; at least one coring needle comprising a cutting surface and a lumen for receiving a core of frozen material cut by the cutting surface; and at least one coring needle positioning element, for positioning the at least one coring needle over said frozen material for cutting said frozen material. Frozen tissue microarray blocks and methods of generating these are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for growing anaerobic microorganisms is provided having a dish top that contains a sealing ring upon which the media surface in the dish bottom rests when the apparatus is inverted. The contact between the sealing ring and the media surface forms a seal that traps the gas in the headspace between the media surface and the inside of the dish top. A oxygen reducing agent can also be incorporated into the media together, in some instances, with a substrate which react with oxygen in the media and with oxygen in the headspace thereby creating an environment suitable for growing anaerobic, microaerophilic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms.

Abstract: An improved preservation solution is described, which is intended for the preservation of organs and tissues, or parts thereof, from humans and animals. The improved preservation solution contains calcium, at least one colloidosmotically active substance, and nitroglycerin. Also described is a method for preserving organs and tissues, or parts thereof, from humans and animals in the improved preservation solution.

Abstract: The device for processing and infiltration of histological specimens according to the invention applied for comprises a rotating means consisting of a ring of containers for cassettes with histological specimens which is mounted on a horizontal rotation axis in the vertical plane. The inner diameter of the ring is 2-4 times the width of a cassette for histological specimens. The rotating means is located in a case, which is connected to tanks for processing and infiltration fluids and to a vacuum pump through branch pipes. The rotating means is connected to a means for rotating it at variable rate.

Abstract: Third stage juvenile (J3) entomopathogenic nematodes are prepared for storage by being induced into a state of cryptobiosis. The induction of cryptobiosis is effected by mixing an aqueous cream of the J3 nematodes with anhydrous, small particles (average maximum dimension less than 300 &mgr;m) of non-fibrous cellulose. The proportions of the aqueous cream and non-fibrous cellulose particles are such that, after equilibration, the mixture has a water activity in the range 0.80 to 0.995. Preferably an anti-fungal agent is included in the aqueous cream. To store the cryptobiotic J3 nematodes, the mixture is preferably kept in a container, fitted with an attachment which maintains the water activity in the container at a required value. The attachment includes a rigid tube that connects the interior of the container with a chamber that is vented to ambient atmosphere by small apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biopharmaceutical preservation system for cooling, thawing and freezing a medium. The biopharmaceutical preservation system includes a vessel and a structure removably mounted within the vessel. The structure includes an elongated pipe centrally positioned within the vessel and having one or more heat transfer members.

Abstract: The invention relates to method and apparatus for the hyper-rapid freezing of liquid samples. The samples are converted into droplets or vapor and rapidly driven directly onto the surface of a solid or slushed refrigerant.

Abstract: Arrays of biological tissue can be created by removing cores from regions of interest in a series of donor blocks of embedded tissues. The cores removed are placed in a regular array in a recipient block. This is typically done with two different punches, one for obtaining the cores of interest and the other for creating the receiving holes in the recipient block. The present invention comprises such a system including two separate z axes, one for each punch. Each punch has its own stylet and the axis of each punch is parallel to the axis of its drive.

Abstract: A method of harvesting and packaging marine substrate material with an optimal amount of water and air in retail packaging specifically dimensioned and configured for maintaining ammonia oxidizing bacteria in a state wherein the bacteria are capable of metabolic and physiologic activity after prolonged periods at room temperature. According to a first aspect of the invention there is disclosed a method for the harvesting materials that are naturally rich with bacteria, such as sand, shells, aragonite, and crushed coral materials harvested from submerged marine environments, and packaging the harvested materials in specifically sized sealed containers, suitable for storage at room temperature and retail sale, such that marine bacteria are preserved in their natural habitat—in biofilms attached to the granular surfaces—for extended periods of time.

Abstract: A method of rapid biochemical cycling of aquariums using naturally preserved granular marine substrate material, such as sand or aragonite, to rapidly denitrify the aquatic environment and to establish biochemical conditions that are favorable to the survival and viability of fish, crustaceans, invertebrates, and other marine aquatic life. The method includes the steps of harvesting and packaging marine sand such that marine microorganisms, in the form of biofilm attached to the sand, are preserved with an optimal amount of water and air in retail packaging specifically dimensioned and configured for maintaining ammonia oxidizing bacteria in a state wherein the bacteria are capable of metabolic and physiologic activity after prolonged periods at room temperature. Harvesting and packaging marine microorganisms according to the disclosed method allows for widespread distribution to consumers through conventional retail sales channels.