Abstract: Provided are a microorganism of Corynebacterium genus capable of producing L-lysine and resistant to kanamycin, and a method of producing L-lysine using the same.

Abstract: A composition, and method of use, for controlling, reducing or preventing the growth of protozoal bacteria in the rumen of a ruminant comprising cell bodies of a facultative anaerobe selected from the group consisting of Corynebacterium cell bodies and Brevibacterium cell bodies or a mixture of Corynebacterium cell bodies and Brevibacterium cell bodies, glutamic acid fermentation solubles, corn fermentation solubles, glutamic acid fermentation solubles and corn fermentation solubles.

Abstract: Provided are a microorganism of Corynebacterium genus capable of producing L-lysine and resistant to kanamycin, and a method of producing L-lysine using the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microorganism, obtained by treating Corynebacterium ammoniagenes KCCM 10488 producing 5?-Xanthylic acid as parent strain with UV radiation and mutation Derivatives such as N-methyl-N?nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG), Having a resistance to 5-fluorotryptophan which enhances Biosynthesis of N5-N10-tetrahydrofolate used for transferring Two formyl group during the process of puring biosynthesis, making It possible to accumulate 5?xanthylic acid in culture medium at a high Yield and high concentration rate same period of fermentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the fields of microbiology and microbial genetics. More specifically, the invention relates to novel bacterial strains and processes employing these strains for the fermentative production of amino acids such as threonine.

Abstract: The invention relates to microorganism producing 5′-xanthylic acid. A 3,4-dehydro-DL-proline resistant Corynebacterium ammoniagenes CJXPK001 strain is provided for producing 5′-xanthylic acid. It is a mutant strain of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes KFCC 10743 having a lower resistance to 3,4-dehydro-DL-proline. The mutant strain is not affected by osmotic pressure caused by accumulated, highly concentrated solute in a culture medium, and it can produce 5′-xanthylic acid at a high yield and concentration rate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for enzymatically producing optically active mandelic acid derivatives. An optically active mandelic acid derivative (shown as Formula II) is produced by reacting a culture or cell body of a microorganism, or processed products thereof, with a phenylglyoxylic acid derivative, and then recovering the obtained optically active mandelic acid derivative, wherein the microorganism has the ability to stereo-selectively reduce the phenylglyoxylic acid derivative. An optically active mandelic acid obtained according to the present invention is useful as an intermediate for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to certain stable vaccine compositions comprising a macrocyclic lactone compound, a milbemycin compound, an avermectin compound or mixtures thereof; at least one antigen; a dispersing agent; an adjuvant; a water soluble organic solvent; and saline or water or mixtures thereof. The invention further relates to stable compositions as described above of a macrocyclic lactone compound, a milbemycin compound, an avermectin compound or mixtures thereof, but without an antigen. The invention also relates to a method for preventing or controlling helminthiasis, infection by acarids and arthropod endo-and ectoparasites and bacterial and viral disease in warm-blooded animals by the parenteral administration of compositions of the invention. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of the invention compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially efficient method for producing an L-amino acid useful as medicament, chemical agent, food material and feed additive, and the method comprising culturing in a medium a microorganism having an ability to produce the L-amino acid and having resistance to a DNA gyrase inhibitor or a microorganism having an ability to produce the L-amino acid and having both resistance to a DNA gyrase inhibitor and resistance to an aminoquinoline derivative, producing and accumulating the L-amino acid therein and recovering the L-amino acid therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel flavoring solution for making pickles having a flavor of foods pickled in rice bran paste (hereinafter referred to as a bran pickles flavoring solution), a clear bran pickles flavoring solution, processes for producing said solutions, a novel microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium used for the production of said flavoring solutions, and a process for producing a solution containing a lactone wherein the lactone is selectively extracted from a culture of a lactone-producing microorganism. The present invention also relates to a novel bacterium of the genus Corynebacterium which has the ability to produce &ggr;-dodecalactone and/or &ggr;-dodecelactone and is useful for the production of said bran pickles flavoring solutions.

Abstract: An industrially more advantageous method for the production of metabolites biologically synthesized via phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) is provided, making use of metabolically modified strains in which transketolase activity is deficient or reduced in comparison with the parent strain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a malonic acid monoester represented by Formula (II): HOOCCH2COOR  (II) wherein R is alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl or C1-20 alkyl, comprising treating a cyanoacetic acid ester represented by Formula (I): NCCH2COOR  (I) wherein R is defined in Formula (II), with a culture, cells or a product from treated cells of a microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, Gordona or Rhodococcus and having nitrilase activity to thereby hydrolyze the cyanoacetic acid ester.

Abstract: A tryptophan producing strain of microorganism is selected from E. coli and Corynebacteria and is tryptophan feedback resistant and serine feedback resistant. The serine feedback resistance is by a mutation in a serA allele, where the mutated serA allele codes for a protein which has a Ki value for serine between 0.1 mM and 50 mM. The tryptophan feedback resistance is by a trpE allele which codes for a protein which has a Ki value for tryptophan between 0.1 mM and 20 mM. A process for preparing this microorganism and a process for using this microorganism are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods for the detoxification of a mixture of nitrile compounds, or a mixture of nitrile and amide compounds by conversion of the nitrile compound(s) to the corresponding amide or acid compounds using a pure culture of an induced microorganism strain capable of converting a nitrile moiety to an amide or acid moiety. If an amide is formed or is present in the mixture, the amide can be further converted, using the present methods for detoxification, to the corresponding acid. The acid can then, if desired, be further degraded to CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and biomass. The induced pure cultures are able to detoxify a mixture of nitriles or a mixture of nitriles and amides which are typically present, in high concentration(s), in nitrile production waste streams.

Abstract: A process for remedying an environment contaminated with an aliphatic organochlorine compound which includes the use of Pseudomonas cepacia strain KK01 (FERM BP-4235) or Corynebacterium species (FERM BP 5102) and Renobacter species (FERM BP-5353). The first two microorganisms are capable of introducing an oxygen atom into the aliphatic organochlorine compound in order to convert the aliphatic compound to an epoxide. During protonization the epoxide is converted into a chlorinated organic acid. Renobacter species strain FERM BP-5353 decomposes chlorinated organic acids to substances naturally existing in nature. The chlorinated and/or halogenated acids include chloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid and dichloropropionic acid, etc. The polluted environments in which the processes may be carried out include the soil, ground water and waste water.

Abstract: A bacterium strain JM1 (FERM BP-5352) capable of degrading organic compounds without inducers is disclosed. Further, methods for degrading organic compounds and remedying an environment using the bacterium strain are also disclosed. The microorganism is brought into contact with the environment under conditions which stimulates the organism to degrade the organic compounds and thus, remedying the environment of pollutants. A kit and method for selectively detecting the strain expressing oxygenase from a sample containing strain J1 FERM BP-5102 is also disclosed. The latter strain expresses oxygenase when induced, however, strain JM1 FERM BP-5352 does not require induction. In addition, a process for obtaining strain JM1 FERM BP-5352 is also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for making polyamine-epihalohydrin resin products having very low levels of epihalohydrin or epihalohydrin hydrolyzates, particularly useful in papermaking, which includes, amongst other features, producing a polyamine-epihalohydrin polymer in aqueous solution, terminating the reaction by cooling, adjusting the pH of the polyamine-epihalohydrin solution to from about 7.5 to about 11 and concurrently heating the solution to about 35 to about 50.degree. C., and contacting the aqueous solution with selected microorganisms or an enzyme, and deactivating or removing the enzymes or microbes, cooling to about 20.degree. C. and stabilizing the composition by adjusting the pH to about 2.0 to 5.0 by the addition of acid.

Abstract: Novel microorganism strains JM2N (FERM BP-5961), JM6U (FERM BP-5962) and JM7 (FERM BP-5975), mutants of strain J1 (FERM BP-5102), constitutively expressing an oxygenase, and a method for biodegradation of organic compounds and a method for environmental remediation by decomposing pollutants in the environment using these novel microorganisms. These microorganisms do not require any inducer to express their organic compound-degrading ability, and use of these microorganisms enables effective decomposition of organic compounds and environment remediation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a universal test systems and methods of use thereof for identifying a microorganism among at least two groups of widely divergent microorganisms. The universal test system comprises a predetermined combination of non-redundant biochemical tests comprising a substrate for at least one enzyme wherein the substrate, if acted on by the enzyme results in formation of a detectable product. Detectable products from the combination of biochemical tests are then used to identify the microorganism.

Abstract: A method for producing L-glutamic acid, comprising inoculating a microorganism having an ability to produce L-glutamic acid, in a liquid medium containing a carbon source and a nitrogen source, conducting continuous L-glutamic acid fermentation in which both a carbon source and a nutrient having an effect of promoting bacterial growth are fed so as to make the microorganism grow, and then collecting L-glutamic acid produced and accumulated in a culture broth.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods for the detoxification of a mixture of nitrile compounds, or a mixture of nitrile and amide compounds by conversion of the nitrile compound(s) to the corresponding amide or acid compounds using a pure culture of an induced microorganism strain capable of converting a nitrile moiety to an amide or acid moiety. If an amide is formed or is present in the mixture, the amide can be further converted, using the present methods for detoxification, to the corresponding acid. The acid can then, if desired, be further degraded to CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O and biomass. The induced pure cultures are able to detoxify a mixture of nitrites or a mixture of nitriles and amides which are typically present, in high concentration(s), in nitrile production waste streams.

Abstract: A selective culture medium which permits simultaneous detection of total coliform and Escherichia coli in a test sample with a single growth phase incubation period. The culture medium includes the required components of: (i) carbon nutrients, (ii) a nitrogen nutrient, (iii) a source of metabolizable potassium, (iv) a source of metabolizable phosphate, (v) vitamins, (vi) minerals, (vii) amino acids, (viii) sodium pyruvate, (ix) a bactericidal system selective for non-coliform bacteria which includes methylene blue, erythromycin and an azide, and (x) a sensible indicator selectively metabolized by Escherichia coli to the exclusion of other coliforms.

Abstract: A mutant strain having an ability to produce L-glutamic acid in the absence of any biotin action-suppressing agent in a medium containing an excessive amount of biotin is obtained by giving temperature sensitivity with respect to a biotin action-suppressing agent to a coryneform L-glutamic acid-producing bacterium. This strain is cultivated in a liquid medium to produce and accumulate L-glutamic acid in the medium. A mutant strain having an ability to produce L-lysine and L-glutamic acid in the absence of any biotin action-suppressing agent in a medium containing an excessive amount of biotin is obtained by giving temperature sensitivity with respect to a biotin action-suppressing agent and giving L-lysine productivity to a coryneform L-glutamic acid-producing bacterium. This strain is cultivated in a liquid medium to simultaneously produce and accumulate L-lysine and L-glutamic acid in the medium.

Abstract: A method of producing L-amino acids by fermentation. Microorganisms of the genus Corynebacterium which exhibit an auxotrophy relative to an amino acid are used as biocatalysts. The method is characterized in that the carbon source on the one hand and the limiting amino acid on the other hand are fed in two or more different infeed currents to the process. The infeed profiles have, for example, a concave (saccharose) and an exponential (amino acid) form or a convex (saccharose) and likewise a convex (amino acid) form, with specific differing degrees of increase of the currents relative to each other over time.

Abstract: A bacterial strain J1 (FERM BP-5102) which can effectively degrade aromatic compounds and/or chlorinated organic compounds such as trichloroethylene (TCE) is disclosed. Also the degradation occurs at a lower temperature such as 15.degree.. Further, a method for purifying waste water, soil or a gas polluted with the above chemical compounds utilizing the bacterium is disclosed.

Abstract: Mutants of 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase A an enzyme used to produce 2-keto-L-gluconic acid, a precursor of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), are prepared by site-directed mutagenesis. These mutants may exhibit one or more of the following characteristics: improved temperature stability, increased resistance to substrate inhibition, increased turnover of the substrate by the enzyme and increased affinity for the substrate.

Abstract: A process for producing L-leucine, which includes incubating an L-leucine-productive microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Brevibacterium, or Microbacterium in a culture medium and reacting the resulting cells with saccharides and acetic acid or its salt to form and accumulate L-leucine in the reaction solution. The process improves the amount of L-leucine accumulated and decreases formation of amino acid byproducts.

Abstract: Culturing an L-amino acid producing microorganism belonging to the genus Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium and having a resistance to a peptide containing glutamic acid or aspartic acid gives L-amino acids in high yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to (a) process for producing L-lysine by fermentation which comprises culturing a microorganism having resistance to 4-N-(D-alanyl)-2,4-diamino-2,4-dideoxy-L-arabinose 2,4-dideoxy-L-arabinose or a derivative thereof and belonging to the genus Brevibacterium or the genus Corynebacterium, (b) said bacterium therefore and (c) a method of producing said bacterium.

Abstract: A method of locating insertion elements (IS elements) or transposons in coryneform bacteria, a positive selection system suitable for the above, the IS elements found in this manner and their use, is disclosed. The method involves:(1) The construction of a non-self-transferrable vector mobilizable from an E. coli mobilizer strain which vector is composed of(a) A DNA segment containing a replicon functional in E. coli,(b) A second DNA segment containing the DNA fragment coding for the mobilization function (Mob site containing the oriT),(c) A third DNA segment which recombines homologously in Gram-positive bacteria and/or contains a replicon functional in coryneform bacteria,(d) A DNA segment from Bacillus subtilis containing the sacB gene,(2) Transfer of this vector by means of conjugative transfer into the coryneform recipient strains,(3) Cultivation of the transconjugants containing the vector in an .about.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing substances such as L-tryptophan and L-threonine, which comprises transforming a serine-requiring microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium by incorporation of a recombinant plasmid containing a gene which complements the serine-requirement of the host and a gene which relates to the biosynthesis of a desired substance; culturing the obtained transformant in a culture medium; allowing the substance produced by the transformant to accumulate in the culture; and recovering the substance from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for L-phenylalanine fermentation by coryneform bacterium. The present invention successfully applies an oxystat to control the timing of feeding of molasses so as to maintain low dissolved oxygen tension and low substrate concentrations during the course of fermentation. The oxystat improves fermentation productivity appreciably. Furthermore, the present invention discovers that the proper increases of the oxygen supply rate to the culture decreases product feedback inhibition of phenylalanine formation as phenylalanine concentration increases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a DNA fragment which contains a gene responsible for the function of autonomous replication of plasmid in a Coryneform bacterium, said gene being obtained from plasmid pBY503 held in Brevibacterium stationis, and in which at least one point mutation capable of increasing the copy number of plasmid exists on said gene region. By using a Coryneform transformed with the vector constructed using said DNA fragment and an industrially useful gene such as aspartase gene or tryptophan synthase gene, production of the useful product occurs with higher efficiency than conventional methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing D-lactic acid and L-lactamide, comprising allowing a culture broth of a microorganism capable of asymmetric hydrolysis of DL-lactamide belonging to the genus Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas, Agrobacterium, Brevibacterium, Acinetobacter, Corynebacterium, Enterobacter, Micrococcus or Rhodococcus, the microorganism itself, a material obtained therefrom or an immobilized material thereof to act on DL-lactamide, and recovering the resulting D-lactic acid and the remaining L-lactamide. The present invention enables sufficient production of D-lactic acid and L-lactamide by the present microorganism.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bacterial process for producing L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine or L-phenylalanine. The process utilizes a coryneform glutamic acid-producing bacterium being capable of producing L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine or L-phenylalanine and also decreased or lacked in phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity. The mutant strain is then cultured in order to accumulate the amino acid in a medium and the amino acid is recovered therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing substances such as L-tryptophan and L-threonine, which comprises transforming a serine-requiring microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium by incorporation of a recombinant plasmid containing a gene which complements the serine-requirement of the host and a gene which relates to the biosynthesis of a desired substance; culturing the obtained transformant in a culture medium; allowing the substance produced by the transformant to accumulate in the culture; and recovering the substance from the culture.

Abstract: A process for production of canthaxanthin comprising the steps of culturing a microorganism capable of producing canthaxanthin and belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, such as Corynebacterium sp. SQH 348 (FERM BP-4284), and recovering canthaxanthin from the culture.

Abstract: A composition for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in animals, containing sterilized cells of bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, or Streptomyces, a cell homogenate of said sterilized cells, a cell wall component-containing fraction of said homogenate or mixtures thereof. These ingredients of the composition are admixed into an animal feed.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing L-valine which comprises cultivating, in a medium, a microorganism which belongs to the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium, which exhibits a) an ability to produce L-valine, b) resistance to L-valine in a medium containing acetic acid as a sole carbon source, and c) sensitivity to a pyruvic acid analog in a medium containing glucose as a sole carbon source, until L-valine is accumulated in the culture broth, and recovering L-valine therefrom.

Abstract: A process for production of canthaxanthin comprising the steps of culturing a microorganism capable of producing canthaxanthin and belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, such as Corynebacterium sp. SQH 348 (FERM BP-4284), and recovering canthaxanthin from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, comprising the steps ofculturing a mutant of an L-glutamic acid-producing microorganism of the genus Brevibacterium or Corynebacterium which has lower .alpha.-ketoglutaric acid dehydrogenase activity compared with the wild strains from which said mutant is derived, in a liquid nutrient culture medium containing biotin at a concentration of 10 to 1000 .mu.g/l without adding a biotin activity-suppressing substance thereto;producing and accumulating L-glutamic acid in the culture solution; andrecovering L-glutamic acid from said culture solution.According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to industrially produce L-glutamic acid by fermentation in a more economical and efficient manner.

Abstract: A method of producing trehalose, in which a microorganism belonging to the genus Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Microbacterium or Arthrobacter and having the ability to produce trehalose is incubated in a liquid medium containing sucrose or maltose as an essential carbon source and the trehalose produced and accumulated in the culture is collected therefrom. Trehalose is produced inexpensively and efficiently by industrial mass-production.

Abstract: A restriction enzyme is obtained by cultivating a strain of Brevibacterium linens and recovering the restriction enzyme.

Abstract: 6-Hydroxy nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring compounds of the following general formula (II): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents carboxy group, carbamoyl group, cyano group, formyl group, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 hydroxyalkyl group, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl group, carboxyvinyl group, carboxymethyl group or oxime group, R.sup.2 represents hydrogen atom or carboxy group, and A represents carbon atom or nitrogen atom, can be prepared by reacting a nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring compounds of the following general formula (I): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and A are as defined in the general formula (II) above, with a microorganism or physico-chemically treated microorganism in an aqueous medium. Efficiency of the above reaction can be raised by conducting the reaction in the presence of phenazine methosulfate.

Abstract: Optically active 2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid can be obtained by treating 2-oxo-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid with an optionally treated microorganism capable of asymmetrically reducing the 2-oxo-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid into (R)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid or (S)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid to thereby asymmetrically reduce the same into (R)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid or (s) -2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid.

Abstract: A process for producing L-phenylalanine at high rates of formation and in good yields is provided which comprises allowing a microorganism which belongs to the genus Nocardia and is capable of producing L-phenyl-alanine from phenylpyruvic acid or a salt thereof and an amino group donor to act upon an aqueous solution containing phenylpyruvic acid or a salt thereof and an amino group donor selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts and ammonia in a hydrogen gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for biologically preventing dicotyledonous plant diseases which comprises: cutting a seedling of a dicotyledon which includes the seedling between a cotyledon and less than three leaves at a growth stage; immersing the upper portion of the cut seedling into a symbiotical bacteria suspension having antifungal and antibacterial activities and induced resistance to plant pathogens in order to inoculate the symbiotical bacteria into interior tissues in the vessel and intercellular space of the dicotyledonous plants; cutting the seedlings in a nursery bed or directly planting them in a field for further association of the symbiotical bacteria; and preventing dicotyledonous plant diseases of the dicotyledonous plants.

Abstract: A composition and method for the prevention and treatment of diarrhea in domesticated animals, comprising sterilized cells of aerobic bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, or Streptomyces, a cell homogenate of said sterilized cells, a cell wall component-containing fraction of said homogenate or mixtures thereof. In particular species of Corynebacterium glutamicum and Brevibacterium lactofermentum as well as strains thereof, such as A.T.C.C. 13060 and A.T.C.C. 13869, respectively, are useful in the treatment of diarrhea in domesticated animals.

Abstract: A process for producing L-lysine, which comprises culturing a mutant L-lysine-producing strain belonging to the genus Brevibacterium or the genus Corynebacterium and having selenalysine resistance in a nutrient medium, producing and accumulating L-lysine in the culture broth and collecting L-lysine from the culture broth.

Abstract: A basic L-amino acid and an acidic L-amino acid may be concurrently produced by either culturing a basic L-amino acid-producing bacteria under conditions for producing an acidic L-amino acid or mix-culturing a basic L-amino acid-producing bacteria and an acidic L-amino acid-producing bacteria.