Abstract: The invention relates to a monoclonal antibody which forms an immunological complex with an epitope of an antigen belonging to normal human tau protein as well as abnormally phosphorylated human tau protein, with said tau protein being liable to be obtained from a brain homogenate, itself isolated from human cerebral cortex. The monoclonal antibodies of the invention can be used to detect tau and abnormally phosphorylated tau in brain extracts and in unconcentrated cerebrospinal fluid.

Abstract: Histamine may be quantitatively measured by performing the following steps. First, an oocyte that expresses histamine receptors is held in a recess formed at the bottom of a vessel. Then, first and second electrodes are inserted into the oocyte. Subsequently, the membrane potential of the oocyte is measured by using the first electrode to stabilize this membrane potential at a predetermined level by driving a current through the second electrode using circuitry for clamping the membrane potential of the oocyte. A sample is then infused into a fine reacting tube having an antigen immobilized on its inner surface together with some buffer solution to promote a histamine releasing reaction. The solution containing histamines that is released in the fine reacting tube is transferred to the vessel to make contact with the oocyte in the vessel.

Abstract: Histamine may be quantitatively measured by performing the following steps. First, an oocyte that expresses histamine receptors is held in a recess formed at the bottom of a vessel. Then, first and second electrodes are inserted into the oocyte. Subsequently, the membrane potential of the oocyte is measured by using the first electrode to stabilize this membrane potential at a predetermined level by driving a current through the second electrode using circuitry for clamping the membrane potential of the oocyte. A sample is then infused into a fine reacting tube having an antigen immobilized on its inner surface together with some buffer solution to promote a histamine releasing reaction. The solution containing histamines that is released in the fine reacting tube is transferred to the vessel to make contact with the oocyte in the vessel.

Abstract: Particulate labels that can be individually identified comprise particulate supports to which are bound at least two distinguishable signal-generating moieties, such as fluorophores emitting at different wavelengths, which signals are detectable and measurable in situ. By varying the ratio and/or amounts of the signal-generating moieties, a multiplicity of different and distinguishable labels is obtained. Each different label can then be coupled to a different reagent and the individual interactions of each reagent with a target observed in parallel.

Abstract: A method for producing a conjugate vaccine includes mixing a uronium salt reagent with a first moiety (e.g., a polysaccharide). According to the invention, the uronium salt reagent has a chemical structure corresponding to formula I: wherein R1 is defined as wherein R6 represents the carbon, hydrogen, and optionally one or more heteroatoms which, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, constitute a 5 to 10 membered heterocyclic ring, which may be substituted or unsubstituted. R2, R3, R4, and R5, each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Alternatively, R2 and R3, when taken together, can represent the carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, nitrogen, or oxygen atoms necessary to complete a 5 to 7 membered heterocyclic ring with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a capture membrane comprising a porous filter membrane having a hapten bound directly or indirectly to the membrane wherein complexes formed by specific binding having an anti-hapten bound to a binding member of the specifically binding complex are removed from a solution by the hapten as the solution passes through the membrane. In the preferred embodiment biotin is the hapten and avidin or streptavidin is the anti-hapten.

Abstract: The invention describes quality control devices for assays that measure analytes in cells and tissue samples, and methods of use thereof. In particular, the quality control device comprises a matrix affixed with synthetic controls in different concentrations, or different synthetic controls. The quality control device can be adhered to a microscope slide and processed simultaneously with a tissue sample.

Abstract: Histamine may be quantitatively measured by performing the following steps. First, an oocyte that expresses histamine receptors is held in a recess formed at the bottom of a vessel. Then, first and second electrodes are inserted into the oocyte. Subsequently, the membrane potential of the oocyte is measured by using the first electrode to stabilize this membrane potential at a predetermined level by driving a current through the second electrode using circuitry for clamping the membrane potential of the oocyte. A sample is then infused into a fine reacting tube having an antigen immobilized on its inner surface together with some buffer solution to promote a histamine releasing reaction. The solution containing histamines that is released in the fine reacting tube is transferred to the vessel to make contact with the oocyte in the vessel.

Abstract: The invention provides cDNA molecules comprising a part of the cDNA sequence of GAD65 which encode at least one epitope for autoantibodies to GAD65. The invention also provides cloning vehicles capable of replication and expression comprising cDNA molecules coding for GAD65. The invention further provides for hosts transformed with a vehicle having a cDNA molecule coding for GAD65. In another embodiment, the invention provides for the detection of autoantibodies to GAD65 using the GAD65 polypeptides coded for by the cDNA molecules of the invention.

Abstract: The invention is based on the discovery that biological and non-biological materials can be sterilized, decontaminated, or disinfected by repeatedly cycling between relatively high and low pressures. Pressure cycling can be carried out at low, ambient, or elevated temperatures (e.g., from about −20° C. to about 95° C.). New methods based on this discovery can have applications in, for example, the preparation of vaccines, the sterilization of blood plasma or serum, the decontamination of military devices, and the disinfection of medical equipment. The new methods can also be incorporated into production processes or research procedures.

Abstract: Histamine may be quantitatively measured by performing the following steps. First, an oocyte that expresses histamine receptors is held in a recess formed at the bottom of a vessel. Then, first and second electrodes are inserted into the oocyte. Subsequently, the membrane potential of the oocyte is measured by using the first electrode to stabilize this membrane potential at a predetermined level by driving a current through the second electrode using circuitry for clamping the membrane potential of the oocyte. A sample is then infused into a fine reacting tube having an antigen immobilized on its inner surface together with some buffer solution to promote a histamine releasing reaction. The solution containing histamines that is released in the fine reacting tube is transferred to the vessel to make contact with the oocyte in the vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to the development of a method for assaying an antigen which is associated with disorders caused by mental stress in a human body fluid by way of an immunoassay technique which utilizes an antibody against a mental stress related protein having the following properties or a fragment thereof: (1) having a molecular weight of about 14 kDa (measured by SDS-PAGE); and (2) having the N-terminal partial sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1; and a kit for diagnosing disorders caused by mental stress which contains the above-mentioned antibody or a fragment thereof. Thus, the accumulation of mental stress can be easily estimated and judged and the results can be applied to the diagnosis of disorders caused by mental stress.

Abstract: It has been discovered that one can predict the likelihood a child will outgrow an allergy, especially a food allergy, by screening for IgE antibodies immunoreactivities with linear versus conformational epitopes. The child is first screened using standard techniques to determine what antigens the child is allergic to. The immunoglobulins in the sample from the patient are then characterized either using the natural purified antigen, recombinant antigen, reduced and alkylated antigen, proteolytic fragments of the antigen or synthetic peptides of between four and 40 amino acids in length, preferably six to ten amino acids, which can be immobilized for rapid and accurate screening. The antibodies from the patient, typically present in a serum or plasma sample, are reacted with the protein or peptides to determine which peptides are bound by the antibodies. These antibodies are then characterized to determine if the epitopes they bind are linear or conformational.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for quantitatively identifying polymers in an aqueous system using immunoassay techniques, wherein at least a portion of the polymers contain a detectable terminus. This is particularly useful in water treatment systems. Also disclosed are new hybridoma cell lines which express MAbs which specifically recognize such a detectable terminus.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the isolation and use of super-infective, tumor-specific vectors that are strains of parasites including, but not limited to bacteria, fungi and protists. In certain embodiments the parasites include, but are not limited to, the bacterium Salmonella spp., such as Salmonella typhimurium, the bacterium Mycobacterium avium and the protozoan Leishmania amazonensis. In other embodiments, the present invention is concerned with the isolation of super-infective, tumor-specific, suicide gene-containing strains of parasites for use in treatment of solid tumors.

Abstract: A peptide having the structure of the p277 sequence of hsp60 in which one or both cysteine residues are replaced by valine residues and/or in which the Thr19 residue is replaced by Lys, has substantially the same biological activity as p277 but with substantially improved stability. The novel p277 analogues may be used for every purpose that p277 can be used.

Abstract: Fluorescently labeled ENP as well as methods of preparation are disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of detecting endotoxin in a liquid sample suspected of containing endotoxin, comprising admixing said liquid sample with fluorescently labeled ENP for a time sufficient to form a complex between the labeled ENP and the endotoxin, and performing fluorescence polarization experiment on the sample, wherein a change in the fluorescence polarization indicates the presence of endotoxin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for eliciting an immune response and the prevention and treatment of primary and metastatic neoplastic diseases and infectious diseases. The methods of the invention comprise administering a composition comprising an effective amount of a complex, in which the complex consists essentially of a heat shock protein (hsp) noncovalently bound to an antigenic molecule. "Antigenic molecule" as used herein refers to the peptides with which the hsps are endogenously associated in vivo as well as exogenous antigens/immunogens (i.e., with which the hsps are not complexed in vivo) or antigenic/immunogenic fragments and derivatives thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the complex is autologous to the individual. The effective amounts of the complex are in the range of 10-600 micrograms for complexes comprising hsp7o, 50-1000 micrograms for hsp9o, and 10-600 micrograms for gp96.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for chemical and biological analysis, the apparatus having an optical trapping means to manipulate the reaction substrate, and a measurement means. The optical trapping means is essentially a laser source capable of emitting a beam of suitable wavelength (e.g., Nd:YAG laser). The beam impinges upon a dielectric microparticle (e.g., a 5 micron polystyrene bead which serves as a reaction substrate), and the bead is thus confined at the focus of the laser beam by a radial component of the gradient force. Once "trapped," the bead can be moved, either by moving the beam focus, or by moving the reaction chamber. In this manner, the bead can be transferred among separate reaction wells connected by microchannels to permit reactions with the reagent affixed to the bead, and the reagents contained in the individual wells.

Abstract: An immunoassay for Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in equines is described. The immunoassay uses blocking of Sarcocystis antigens by antibodies to Sarcocystis sp. other than Sarcocystis neurona in connection with the immunoassay.

Abstract: Methods for determining lymphocyte distribution and trafficking in a mammal are described. Either a labeled ligand capable of interacting specifically with the lymphocytes of the mammal is administered to the mammal so that the labeled ligand interacts in vivo with the lymphocytes, resulting in labeled lymphocytes, or, the labeled ligand is contacted with the lymphocytes in vitro so that the labeled ligand interacts with the lymphocytes resulting in labeled lymphocytes, and these labeled lymphocytes are administered to the mammal. The distribution or trafficking of the labeled lymphocytes in the mammal is determined by imaging.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high throughput compatible assay that is useful for the identification of specific antagonists of TRAF-receptor interactions. The modular flexibility of the assay makes it possible to introduce simple modifications in order to measure the interaction of any TNF receptor cytoplasmic domain (or TRAF-binding protein) with any of the six TRAF proteins, TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF4, TRAF5 and TRAF6.

Abstract: A chemical moiety is disclosed which comprises a chemical, biochemical, or biological substance attached to one or more electrochemiluminescent organometallic compounds. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the substance is attached to one or more ruthenium-containing or osmium-containing luminescent organometallic compounds. Methods are disclosed for detecting low concentrations of the chemical moiety using chemiluminescent, electrochemiluminescent, and photoluminescent means. Compounds are disclosed which are useful for labeling substances of interest with ruthenium-containing and osmium-containing labels or other electrochemiluminescent labels. These labeled substances are useful in methods provided for detecting and quantifying analytes of interest in binding assays and competitive binding assays. The labeled substances are of particular use in homogeneous binding assays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for eliciting an immune response and the prevention and treatment of primary and metastatic neoplastic diseases and infectious diseases. The methods of the invention comprise administering a composition comprising an effective amount of a complex, in which the complex consists essentially of a heat shock protein (hsp) noncovalently bound to an antigenic molecule. "Antigenic molecule" as used herein refers to the peptides with which the hsps are endogenously associated in vivo as well as exogenous antigens/immunogens (i.e., with which the hsps are not complexed in vivo) or antigenic/immunogenic fragments and derivatives thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the complex is autologous to the individual. The effective amounts of the complex are in the range of 10-600 micrograms for complexes comprising hsp70, 50-1000 micrograms for hsp90, and 10-600 micrograms for gp96.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting the presence of a compound of interest (such as an enzyme), or the spatial distribution within a sample of a compound of interest. The method comprises the step of impregnating or coating a suitable base material with a marker substance capable of reacting or interacting with the compound of interest, the marker substance being labeled in a detectable manner (for example fluorescently, radioactively or being colored) and having a substantially different affinity for the base material than the product of the reaction or interaction thereof with the compound of interest.

Abstract: Novel generic antibodies are provided that are specific to groups of organophosphates, particularly to a class of organophosphate pesticides in common usage. Further provided are compounds and methods for raising these antibodies, test kits containing them and methods for their use. The antibodies targeted at low molecular weight (i.e. below MW 1000) organophosphorous pesticides methacrifos, pirimphos methyl, etrimfos, fenitrothion, chlopyrifos methyl, dichlorovos and malathion. Preferred conjugates of the invention are of the formula (RO.sub.2 --P(S)--Z--[Y]--Protein wherein R is lower alkyl and Z is as O, S or --NH--, Y is a spacer group and "Protein" indicates a protein suitable for use in hapten protein conjugates for the purpose of raising antibodies and antisera. Typical and preferred proteins are bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin from chicken egg, keyhole limpet hemocyananin and mixtures of these.

Abstract: A technique is disclosed for generating nonrandom combinatorial libraries on solid phase supports in which each of a set of predetermined species of test compounds is present on a predetermined number of solid phase supports, preferably on only one, and each solid phase support has only a single species of test compound. Each of the predetermined species of test compounds is prepared with absolute certainty because the technique does not employ any random division of the solid phase supports. Rather, the method is based on the stepwise division of a continuous solid phase support matrix prior to each synthetic step in which more than one type of subunit is added. Non-limiting examples of matrices of the solid phase supports include polypropylene membranes, polytetrafluoropropylene membranes and cotton thread. The combinatorial libraries made by the technique are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel Borrelia, and OspA antigens derived therefrom. These antigens show little homology with known OspA's and are therefore useful as vaccine and diagnostic reagents. Multicomponent vaccines based on OspA's from different Borrelia groups are also disclosed.

Abstract: The ethyl ester of derivatives of benzoyl ecgonine are provided having a linking group at the para position of the benzoyl group. The derivatives are used to bond to immunogenic polypeptides for production of antisera and monoclonal antibodies. The antisera and antibodies find use in assays, for treatment of cocaine overdose and detoxification.

Abstract: Antibodies against Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3 were raised by immunizing rabbits with two types of IP.sub.3 -BSA conjugates which were synthesized by covalently coupling Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3 to the carrier protein via alkyl linkages. The anti-Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3 antibodies were detected by an ELISA where Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3 was covalently attached to a microplate well surface. Both antiserum preparations showed specific binding with Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3. The specificity of these antibodies was enhanced by affinity purification for the antiserum through Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3 -agarose chromatography. The affinity-purified antibodies have IC.sub.50 values of 12 nM and 73O nM for Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3 and Ins(1,3,4,5)P.sub.4, respectively. These antibodies showed many properties similar to those of biologically relevant receptors for Ins(1,4,5)P.sub.3.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of tetanus toxoid, which process comprises incubating purified tetanus toxin with 0.2 to 1% (v/v) formaldehyde in the presence of 0.005 to 0.25M lysine for from 24 to 32 days at a pH of from 6.0 to 8.0 and a temperature of from 30 to 45.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of ganglioside specific antibodies. These antibodies are produced following immunization with lipopolysaccharide antigen of Campylobacter jejuni. The antibodies bind to monosialogangliosides, including GM2 and GM1.

Abstract: The invention provides a vaccine containing a proteinaceous material derived from the outer membrane of Bordetella pertussis, wherein the proteinaceous material is characterized by a relative molecular weight of about 67,000 to 73,000, preferably 69,000, as determined by 12% (w/w) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a proline:glutamic acid ratio of about 1:1 as determined by amino acid analysis, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or adjuvant. The invention also provides a method of inducing an immune response in an individual involving administering the vaccine of the invention to an individual.

Abstract: A non-competitive method for the determination of analytes. Initially the analyte is bound to a specific binding partner, after which the unoccupied binding sites of the binding partner are inactivated. The bound analyte is then dissociated from the binding partner and replaced by a labeled marker, after which the bound labeled marker is determined. The signal from the bound labeled marker is directly proportional to the initial amount of analyte in the sample, which makes the present method more favorable than the competitive assays.

Abstract: A method for the direct analysis of the presence of an analyte which becomes embedded in keratinized structures, e.g., hair, fingernails and toenails, from the bloodstream of a subject which comprises preparing a mixture containing dithiothreitol or dithioerythritol ("DTT"), an enzyme suitable for the digestion of the keratin structure and a sample of the keratin structure; permitting the enzyme to digest the sample of keratin structure to form a digest solution, followed by the addition of a salt of a metal of copper, zinc, manganese, iron, lead, cadmium, mercury, silver and cobalt to deactivate the DTT; and finally subjecting the digest solution to analysis to determine the presence of the analyte in the keratin structure sample. The protease enzymes papain, chymopapain, and proteinase K are preferred for use in the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for eliciting an immune response and the prevention and treatment of primary and metastatic neoplastic diseases and infectious diseases. The methods of the invention comprise administering a composition comprising an effective amount of a complex, in which the complex consists essentially of a heat shock protein (hsp) noncovalently bound to an antigenic molecule. Optionally, the methods further comprise administering antigen presenting cells sensitized with complexes of hsps noncovalently bound to an antigenic molecule. "Antigenic molecule" as used herein refers to the peptides with which the hsps are endogenously associated in vivo as well as exogenous antigens/immunogens (i.e., with which the hsps are not complexed in vivo) or antigenic/immunogenic fragments and derivatives thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the complex is autologous to the individual. In a specific embodiment, the effective amounts of the complex are in the range of 0.1 to 9.

Abstract: Netrin proteins, nucleic acids which encode netrin proteins and hybridization reagents, probes and primers capable of hybridizing with netrin genes and methods for screening chemical libraries for lead compounds for pharmacological agents are provided.

Abstract: The invention deals with isolated human tau peptide epitopes of SEQ ID Nos: 1 to 4, 7 and 15 to 20 which have the capability of binding AT120 monoclonal antibody.

Abstract: The present invention relates to libraries of compounds based upon a N-(4-alkoxyphenyl)-N-acyl-benzylamine, N-(4-alkoxyphenylmethyl)-N-acyl-benzylamine and N-[2-(4-alkoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N-acyl-benzylamine template, to processes for the preparation of such libraries and their use as a screening tool in biological assays for identifying new chemical leads.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of producing recombinant molecules including the nucleotide sequence for the structure of the preS1 region of the surface glycoprotein of the hepatitis B virus, and to compositions of the molecules. Compositions of the recombinant molecules may include a promoter and a marker gene. Cloning vectors are used to incorporate the recombinant molecules into hosts. Cells infected with the chimeric vaccinia produce high levels of preS1 protein. Isolation and purification of the preS1-containing protein is facilitated by the use of a recombinant molecule in which the myristylation site has been deleted by a modification of the nucleotide sequence. The purified preS1-containing protein is useful for development of vaccines, diagnostic kits and therapies.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chimeric polypeptide comprising an epitope of GAD65 protein and a structural region comprising a polypeptide of the GAD family, wherein the chimeric polypeptide is a more specific diagnostic for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus than intact GAD65 and produces fewer false positives than intact GAD65. The invention further provides a method of screening a subject for risk of developing IDDM, comprising contacting the chimeric polypeptide of claim 1 with a biological sample containing antibodies from the subject and detecting binding between an antibody in the biological sample and the chimeric polypeptide, the detection of binding indicating the subject is at risk of developing IDDM.

Abstract: Diagnostic/prognostic methods are provided for screening for pathologies wherein an alteration in estrogen metabolism is indicative of a pathology or a susceptibility thereto which comprise detecting and/or quantifying directly in tissues and body fluids of mammals abnormal levels of estrone metabolites and their glucuronide conjugates. Particularly preferred methods involve the use of the 16OHE1-glucuronide fraction, i.e., the fraction which contains 16.alpha.-hydroxyestrone (16OHE1) and its conjugates, 16OHE1-3-glucuronide. Methods of preparing reagents to detect said 16OHE1-glucuronide fraction in tissues and body fluids are disclosed as well as test kits for performing the disclosed assays.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a naturally occurring antigen indicative of the presence of atherosclerotic plaque. The subject invention provides a murine-human chimeric monoclonal antibody which specifically binds to an antigen indicative of the presence of atherosclerotic plaque; and methods and reagents involving the use of the murine-human chimeric monoclonal antibody. The subject invention provides a CDR-grafted antibody; and methods and reagents involving the use of the CDR-grafted antibody. The subject invention provides a surrogate antigen; methods and reagents involving the use of the surrogate antigen, preparation of the surrogate antigen, antibodies generated from the surrogate antigen.

Abstract: The invention relates to novet Borrelia, and OspA antigens derived therefrom. These antigens show little homology with known OspA's and are therefore useful as vaccine and diagnostic reagents. Multicomponent vaccines based on OspA's from different Borrelia groups are also disclosed.

Abstract: In general, the invention features a method of marking a product for identification in which a marker, composed of a print molecule, print molecule analogue, or molecularly imprinted molecule, are added to the product and subsequently measured in a specific binding assay.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for pretreating heat stable proteins derived from a rendered animal material prior to performing an assay for their presence comprising (a) preparing a protein containing extract of the material, (b) removing substantially all or part of the gelatin from the extract and (c) concentrating the remaining protein such that it tests positive for protein by immunoassay at a dilution of greater than 1 in 6,000.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for the determination of an analyte in a sample liquid using a metal complex capable of luminescence as an analyte-specific marker group for the production of a measuring signal in which an unspecific metal complex is additionally added as an interference elimination reagent which has a structure that is chemically related to the marker group.

Abstract: An immunoassay plate for an immune complex transfer immunoassay, comprising a well type solid phase and a dip stick type solid phase which can be inserted into said well type solid phase, wherein the dip stick type solid phase is coated with either substance (A) or (B) to be mentioned below and the well type solid phase is coated with the other, remaining substance, and these solid phases are used as the two solid phases to be used for an immune complex transfer immunoassay:(A): a substance having a reactive group which specifically binds to a functional group previously introduced onto a substance, which specifically forms an immune complex with a test substance(B): a substance having a reactive group capable of specifically binding to the test substance in the immune complex, a substance which specifically forms an immune complex with the test substance, or a functional group conjugated in advance with said substance, provided that the moiety which binds to the reactive group of (A) does not bind to the rea