Abstract: A method for determining the lignin or lignin by-product content of a process stream includes measuring the fluorescence parameter of a fluorescence spectra of the process stream, comparing the measured fluorescence parameter with predetermined a fluorescence parameter of lignin or lignin by-product reference samples, determining the amount of lignin or lignin by-product based on the comparison with the reference samples. Lignin or lignin by-products can then be removed from a process stream by adding a sufficient amount of a compound suitable for precipitating the lignin or lignin by-product to the process stream, and removing the precipitated lignin or lignin by-product from the process stream.

Abstract: In some examples, a medical system includes a medical device. The medical device may include a housing configured to be implanted in a target site of a patient, a light emitter configured to emit a signal configured to cause a fluorescent marker to emit a fluoresced signal into the target site, and a light detector that may be configured to detect the fluoresced signal. The medical system may include processing circuitry configured to determine a characteristic of the fluorescent marker based on the emitted signal and the fluoresced signal. The characteristic of the fluorescent marker may be indicative of a presence of a compound in the patient, and the processing circuitry may be configured to track the presence of the compound of the patient based on the characteristic of the fluorescent marker.

Abstract: To provide a new compound with pores finely tunable in size so as to take up a specific element and release the specific element taken up in the pores as necessary, a synthesis method of the new compound, and a separation and recovery agent. The new compound represented by the following molecular formula: (NH4)[Ln(C2O4)2(H2O)] wherein Ln represents a lanthanide selected from Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

Abstract: An instrumented coupling for pipe joints is described herein. The instrumented coupling includes a first threaded end configured to thread to a first pipe joint and a second threaded end configured to thread to a second pipe joint. The instrumented coupling also includes a sensor configured to obtain a measurement of a parameter of a well and a communications device configured to communicate to a receiving device outside of the well. The instrumented coupling further includes a processor configured to execute instructions in a data store. The instructions direct the processor to read the measurement from the sensor, compare the measurement from the sensor to a preset limit, and generate a signal within the communications device based, at least in part, on the measurement.

Abstract: Existing indoor air quality monitoring technologies focus on measuring which turn out to be effective in increasing people's awareness of air quality. However, the lack of identification of pollution sources is prone to lead to general and monotonous suggestions. In this disclosure, an indoor air quality analytics system is presented that is able to detect pollution events and identify pollution sources in real-time. The system can also forecast personal exposure to air pollution and provide actionable suggestions to help people improve indoor air quality.

Abstract: A method of extracting information encoded in a product includes: determining a concentration of a non-functional amount of a chemical in a product, where the concentration corresponds to one of a plurality of possible concentration ranges, where each of the plurality of possible concentration ranges indicates different non-composition manufacturing information about the product.

Abstract: Flux estimates for gas plumes from gas leaks are obtained from a 1-D horizontal line scan of gas concentration measurements, combined with an estimate of the vertical extent of the gas plume. In this manner, flux estimates for gas plumes can be obtained without having to gather a 2-D image of gas concentration data.

Abstract: A device determines drug/alcohol content level in the breath of a person (1) with a stationary monitoring device (2), a communication unit (5) for data transmission to a central computer unit (4) and a hand-held device (3), connected via a data interface (6). The hand-held device has a mouthpiece (7) to receive a breath sample in a sample-receiving unit (18). An analysis unit (8) determines and transmits a drug/alcohol level via the data interface (6) to the monitoring device (2). A camera unit (16) records a skin area (13) of the person (1). An identification unit (9) makes a comparison of a recognized pattern on the skin with a pattern stored in a memory and a control signal is generated in case a pattern deviation. A control (10) is configured to transmit image data and/or a violation of the rules for performing the test if a limit value is exceeded.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and dose packs for the monitoring of medication adherence. In one aspect, the dose pack comprises comprise a multiplicity of doses of an agent and a multiplicity of doses of a marker and be configured to isolate a pair of at least one of the multiplicity of doses of the agent and at least one of the multiplicity of doses of the marker for co-administration of the pair to the subject according to the dosing schedule. In another aspect, the method comprises obtaining a sample from the subject subsequent to the conclusion of a monitoring window and analyzing the sample for the presence or absence of a marker or a degradation product thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Abstract: A device and method for adjusting an output to an audio port based on a determined sensitivity is provided. The device comprises a processor, an audio port, and an electrical measurement device configured to measure electrical properties of an external device plugged into the audio port over a range of frequencies. Using the electrical measurement device, one or more electrical properties of the external device plugged into the audio port are measured at a plurality of frequencies. A sensitivity of the external device is determined using the one or more electrical properties of the external device measured using the electrical measurement device. An output to the audio port is adjusted based on the sensitivity.

Abstract: Method and system is described to exploration and development hydrocarbon resources. The method involves operations for exploring and developing hydrocarbons with one or more unmanned vehicles. The unmanned vehicles are used to obtain one or more samples that may be used to identify hydrocarbon systems, such as hydrocarbon seeps.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for distinguishing between a natural source of deep gas and gas leaking from a CO2 storage reservoir at a near surface formation comprising: obtaining one or more surface or near surface geological samples; measuring a CO2, an O2, a CH4, and an N2 level from the surface or near surface geological sample; determining the water vapor content at or above the surface or near surface geological samples; normalizing the gas mixture of the CO2, the O2, the CH4, the N2 and the water vapor content to 100% by volume or 1 atmospheric total pressure; determining: a ratio of CO2 versus N2; and a ratio of CO2 to N2, wherein if the ratio is greater than that produced by a natural source of deep gas CO2 or deep gas methane oxidizing to CO2, the ratio is indicative of gas leaking from a CO2 storage reservoir.

Abstract: A paint composition, which comprises a stanchion-encapsulated pigment such as titanium dioxide, can provide enhanced paint quality with reduced cost.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the analysis of a compound with amino group (e.g., an amino acid or peptide) contained in a sample and convenient manner with a high sensitivity. The compound with amino group in a sample containing the compound with amino group is labeled with a specific carbamate compound such as p-trimethylammonium anilyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate iodide to enhance the selectivity and sensitivity. The present invention is preferably used in conjunction with mass spectrometry such as MS/MS method to facilitate quantitative analysis. The present invention further provides labeling reagents for mass spectrometry.

Abstract: Ion-selective electrodes (ISE's) optimized for analyte determinations and provides methods and apparatus for conditioning ion selective electrodes. The conditioning methods and apparatus are particularly useful for ISE's selective for, difficult to condition, less stable and temperature sensitive products, an are based on a concentration gradient and/or a short exposure to an increased temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is tagged ammunition, methods for making it, using it and detecting it to reduce gun violence. When implemented together with a smart phone coupled readers, standalone readers, or at a security center, software is included to allow integration of signals detected by multiple readers in the vicinity to map detectable ammunition detected by readers designed to detect tagged ammunition as a proxy for loaded firearms. This makes possible securing an area of interest, when combined with placing of at least one networkable reader in the vicinity of the area of interest; and connecting the one or more readers to a monitoring center. Such monitoring centers may be associated with schools, shopping malls, streets, public meetings, public events, housing complexes, an area being swept for loaded guns, an area being monitored for gang activity, or even a residence.

Abstract: Oxygen levels in biological tissue or systems can be measured by the phosphorescence quenching method using phosphorescent porphyrin probes, also referred to as a dendritic oxygen probes, with controllable quenching parameters and defined biodistributions. Provided are a “next generation” of oxygen sensors with substantially improved phosphorescence emission for better imaging capabilities, ease of use, increasing the quantum efficiency (phosphorescence intensity) and extending their range of applicability including constructing a class of oxygen sensors for making measurements in organic media. In addition, provided are methods for synthesizing new porphyrin constructs in which the porphyrin is made less flexible and more planar, changing with decrease internal quenching, and thereby increasing the phosphorescence emission used for oxygen sensing.

Abstract: Polymer microparticles spatially and spectrally encoded using upconversion nanocrystals (UCN) are described for labeling of articles and tissues. UCN having spectrally distinguishable emission spectra are disposed in different portions of an encoding region of each microparticle.

Abstract: The invention relates to the quantitative measurement of steroidal compounds by mass spectrometry. In a particular aspect, the invention relates to methods for quantitative measurement of steroidal compounds from multiple samples by mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method of detection, by mass spectrometry, of at least one marker of at least one mechanism of resistance to at least one antimicrobial, resistance of at least one microorganism contained in a sample, characterized in that the antimicrobial is a cephalosporin, and said resistance markers are proteins or peptides. Preferably, said proteins or peptides are proteins from said microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for profiling phytohormone levels in plant tissue or tissue of other plastid containing organisms, i.e. a method for the simultaneous determination of a multitude of phytohormone levels in plant tissue or tissue of other plastid containing organisms.

Abstract: A technique provides a system and methodology for detecting and monitoring erosion in various environments, including downhole environments. A tracer element is located in a component such that sufficient erosion of the component due to fluid flow exposes the tracer element. A monitoring system is disposed for cooperation with the tracer element such that exposure of the tracer element is detected by the monitoring system. The monitoring system outputs appropriate data indicative of the erosion to enable adjustments to the fluid flow.

Abstract: A cartridge for dispensing fluid is presented. The cartridge comprises a valve. The valve comprises a pumping chamber for pumping the fluid. The valve positions a pumping chamber conduit. The pumping chamber conduit is connected to the pumping chamber. The cartridge further comprises a plunger for changing the volume of the pumping chamber. The cartridge further comprises a reservoir conduit for connecting the reservoir with the valve. The valve positions the pumping chamber conduit to connect with the reservoir conduit. The cartridge further comprises an outlet conduit for dispensing the fluid. The valve further rotates the pumping chamber conduit to connect with the outlet conduit.

Abstract: An exemplary sensor system for a fuel transport vehicle can comprise a fuel marker sensor positioned between a fuel storage chamber of the vehicle and an access valve for the fuel storage chamber of the vehicle. The fuel marker sensor can be configured to measure one or more characteristics of one or more fuel markers present in the fuel adjacent the sensor, such as when the marked fuel is unloaded at a retail station. The one or more characteristics can comprise concentration and/or identity of the one or more fuel markers in the fuel. Based on the measured characteristics of the one or more fuel markers, the sensor system can identify the fuel and/or can determine whether the fuel has been adulterated after the marked fuel was last measured, such as when the marked fuel was loaded into the vehicle.

Abstract: Methods of tracing fracking liquid in oil or gas bearing formations using plural unique oligonucleotide markers. Method includes pumping the plural volumes of fracking liquid, each marked with a unique oligonucleotide, into the formation, thereby defining plural fracture zones in the formation, and, pumping fluids out of the formation while taking plural fluid samples. Then, analyzing the concentration of the unique oligonucleotides in each of the plural fluid samples, and, calculating the ratio of each of the plural volumes of fracking liquid recovered for each of the plural fluid samples according to the concentration of the unique oligonucleotides present in each of the plural samples. And, then, establishing the quantity of the plural volumes of fracking liquids removed from the plural fracture zones.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the development of tracer fluids, more generally, that of aqueous liquids, intended to be injected under pressure in an oil reservoir, for example from an injection well up to a production well. The object of the invention is to propose a new method of study of a solid medium, i.e. an oil reservoir, by diffusion of a liquid (i.e. injection waters) containing tracers, through said solid medium, which is simple to implement and economical and which remedies the drawbacks of the known tracers for injection waters of oil reservoirs.

Abstract: Tracing fracking liquid in oil and gas wells using unique DNA sequences. For each of the DNA sequences, bonding to magnetic core particles, and encapsulating them with silica. Pumping the volumes of fracking liquid, each marked with one of the unique DNA sequences, into the well. Pumping fluids out of the well while taking fluid samples. For each of the plural fluid samples, gathering the silica encapsulated DNA using magnetic attraction with the magnetic core particles, dissolving away the silica shells, thereby separating the plural unique DNA sequences form the magnetic core particles, and analyzing the concentration of the unique DNA sequences in each of the plural fluid samples. Then, calculating the ratio of each of the volumes of fracking liquid recovered for each of the fluid samples, and thereby establishing the quantity of the volumes of fracking liquids removed from the fracture zones.

Abstract: Tracing fracking liquid in oil and gas wells using unique DNA sequences. For each of the DNA sequences, bonding to magnetic core particles, and encapsulating them with silica. Pumping the volumes of fracking liquid, each marked with one of the unique DNA sequences, into the well. Pumping fluids out of the well while taking fluid samples. For each of the plural fluid samples, gathering the silica encapsulated DNA using magnetic attraction with the magnetic core particles, dissolving away the silica shells, thereby separating the plural unique DNA sequences form the magnetic core particles, and analyzing the concentration of the unique DNA sequences in each of the plural fluid samples. Then, calculating the ratio of each of the volumes of fracking liquid recovered for each of the fluid samples, and thereby establishing the quantity of the volumes of fracking liquids removed from the fracture zones.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and kits useful in the detection of protein folding and in the identification of compounds that promote proper protein folding. In one example approach, fluorophores and a protein tag are incorporated into a nascent polypeptide within a ribosome-nascent-chain complex during cell free translation and the resulting labeled ribosome-nascent-chain complex is conjugated to a solid surface via the tag. Fluorescence imaging via FRET is then preformed to assess the folding state of the ribosome-nascent-chain complex under a variety of conditions.

Abstract: A main object of the invention is to provide a taggant particle group that has a plurality of authentication steps and an excellent anti-counterfeit effect and can be applied to various anti-counterfeit media.

Abstract: An identification and verification system and a process for said identification and verification of documents is disclosed, which is based on the use of nanoparticles embedded or adsorbed in the document support, utilizing the different optical reflectance characteristics thereof in order to obtain, by combining several nanoparticles with specific characteristics, a high effectiveness in the identification of counterfeits.

Abstract: A process for detecting oil or lubricant contamination in the production of an article by adding a Stokes-shifting taggant to an oil or lubricant of a machine utilized to produce the article or a component thereof, irradiating the articles produced with a first wavelength of radiation, and monitoring the articles for emission of radiation at a second wavelength. The taggant can be in the form of a composition containing a Stokes-shifting taggant, which absorbs radiation at a first wavelength and emits radiation at a second wavelength, different from said first wavelength, dissolved or dispersed in an oil or lubricant.

Abstract: A system for tracking one or more subjects for collecting airborne contaminants. The system includes one or more subjects configured to collect air contaminants. Each of the one or more subjects includes an identification tag encoded with identification information identifying the each subject. The system further includes an identification reader configured to decode the identification information encoded within the identification tag of a scanned one of the one or more identification tags. A computer receives and stores the decoded identification information in a record in a database. The computer may also receive and stored an identification code for a user who scanned the scanned identification tag in the record in the database. Additional records in the database are created each time the identification tag of one of the one or more subjects is scanned. The one or more subjects are thereby tracked as they collect airborne contaminants and are incubated.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for in-field detection of a distinctive marker. The method includes providing a sample from an article of interest and analyzing the sample to detect the presence of the distinctive marker. The analysis is performed using an in-field detection instrument. The in-field detection instrument includes a microsystem configured to perform sample in-answer out analysis and detect the presence of the distinctive marker in the sample.

Abstract: Described herein are particular embodiments relating to a microfluidic device that may be utilized for cell sensing, counting, and/or sorting. Particular aspects relate to a microfabricated device that is capable of differentiating single cell types from dense cell populations. One particular embodiment relates a device and methods of using the same for sensing, counting, and/or sorting leukocytes from whole, undiluted blood samples.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present application, a stimulus-responsive gel is disclosed with optical characteristic molecule introduced therein that is capable of easily and securely converting a volume change responding to external stimulus to optical data being easy to handle in the construction of sensor system; an external stimulus measuring apparatus making use of the same; and a method of measuring external stimulus therewith.

Abstract: Mixtures of cell types can be analyzed by having at least two signal markers, with at least one at three different levels to provide a barcode for each cell type. The mixture of cells may be subjected to a common candidate moiety and the effect of the moiety on the cells determined along with identification of the cell by the barcode. Conveniently, surface marker proteins and labeled antibodies can be used to create the barcode and the cells analyzed with flow cytometry.

Abstract: The instant invention provides for methods for detecting the internalization of a transmembrane protein of interest expressed at the surface of a cell. More specifically, the methods involve (a) labelling the protein of interest with a fluorescent metal complex, the lifetime of which is greater than 0.1 ms, (b) adding to the reaction medium a composition capable of causing the internalization of the protein of interest, (c) adding to the reaction medium (1) a modulating agent which is a fluorescent FRET acceptor compound compatible with the fluorescent metal complex, the final concentration of which in the reaction medium is greater than 10?7M; or (2) a reducing agent, the redox potential of which is less than +0.1 V and preferably between 0.25 and 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a particle comprising a core which comprises an oxide selected from rare earth oxides alone or in a mixture with metal oxides and which is coated with a layer of silica functionalized with a coupling agent comprising at least one chemical function soluble in a hydrophobic solvent, and to a composition comprising at least one such particle. The present invention likewise relates to the method for preparing same and to various uses thereof.

Abstract: Regions where metastatic cancer cells can exist are detected with high accuracy in a sentinel lymph node. Quantum dots are injected into the vicinity of a cancer in a living body, thereby identifying the location of the sentinel lymph node by means of fluorescence. Subsequently, the sentinel lymph node is extracted. With respect to the sentinel lymph node extracted with quantum dots injected, structural analysis is conducted by means of precision fluorescence measurement which uses a confocal fluorescence microscope for monomolecular observation. Specifically, the fluorescence intensity is measured with respect to each of multiple areas in the sentinel lymph nodes, and out of the multiple areas measured, one or more areas are detected as afferent lymph vessel inflow regions in descending order of fluorescence intensity.

Abstract: In accordance with the purpose(s) of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, the invention, in one aspect, relates to compounds comprising the structure: and at least one guanidinium residue, wherein m is zero or a positive integer. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the disclosed compounds. Also disclosed are methods of intracellular delivery comprising administering the disclosed compounds and compositions to a subject. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds or compositions of the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

Abstract: A method for marking a petroleum hydrocarbon or liquid biologically derived fuel by adding to the petroleum hydrocarbon or biologically derived fuel at least one compound having formula (I), wherein G1 represents an organic functional group having from four to forty carbon atoms.

Abstract: A marker system for applying to surfaces of items, articles, goods, vehicles and/or premises, said marker system comprising: a marker comprising a temperature resilient medium having a predefined carbonization temperature capable of securing the marker system onto a surface; wherein the medium contains an inorganic matrix having a predefined fusing point lower than the predefined carbonization temperature of the medium; such that when the marker system is subjected to temperatures above the predefined carbonization temperature of the medium, the inorganic matrix fuses to the marker to form an adhesive protective layer thereby securing the marker onto said surface. A composition comprising the marker system. An item, an article, a good, a vehicle and/or premises comprising a surface impregnated with the marker system.

Abstract: Embodiments include types of programmable surface-enhanced spectroscopy (SES) particles (PSPs), including PSP 200 having a SES-active surface 202 and a programmable reporter 206 associated with the SES surface 202 and methods of fabricating and using same. The programmable reporter 206 provides that the PSP 200 will return a controlled but variable signal in response to spectroscopic interrogation. The spectroscopic signal can be triggered to change externally or the signal may naturally vary over time.

Abstract: Solid Oral Dosage Forms (SODFs) comprising Self Monitoring and Reporting Therapeutics (SMART™) adherence technology are provided which require no or minimal modification of clinical trial materials (CTMs) or marketed drug while providing tamper resistant (literally foolproof) measurement of adherence that is highly accurate and without altering the chemical, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) of the CTM or marketed drug.

Abstract: A method of distinguishing a control solution from a sample in an electrochemical test sensor is performed. The method includes adding a control marker to the control solution. The control solution includes the control marker and analyte. The test sensor includes working and counter electrodes, and a reagent. A potential is applied to the test sensor to oxidize the control marker and the analyte. The resulting electrical current is measured. A potential is applied to the test sensor lower than the other potential in which the potential is sufficient to oxidize the analyte and not the control marker. The resulting electrical current is measured. Determining whether a control solution or a sample is present based on the measured electrical currents. To increase the measured current, a salt may be added to the control solution in an amount sufficient to increase the electrical current by at least 5% as compared to a control solution in the absence of a salt.

Abstract: The present invention provides an approach for the simultaneous determination of the activation states of a plurality of proteins in single cells. This approach permits the rapid detection of heterogeneity in a complex cell population based on activation states, and the identification of cellular subsets that exhibit correlated changes in activation within the cell population. Moreover, this approach allows the correlation of cellular activities or properties. In addition, the use of potentiators of cellular activation allows for characterization of such pathways and cell populations.

Abstract: A photographic material for image display including an intimately sorbed contrast agent that provides a contrast layer against which the recorded image can be seen regardless of the nature and color of the background.

Abstract: Polymer microparticles spatially and spectrally encoded using upconversion nanocrystals (UCN) are described for labeling of articles and tissues. UCN having spectrally distinguishable emission spectra are disposed in different portions of an encoding region of each microparticle.