Abstract: The lubricity of low sulfur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a cold flow improver.

Abstract: The lubricity of low sulphur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a cold flow improver.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyolefins having predominantly a terminal double bond and a number average molecular weight of from 250 to 10,000, which possess an aliphatic hydrocarbon skeleton which is straight-chain or carries C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl side chains, with from 1 to 10 mol, per equivalent of double bond, of one or more vinyl esters I ##STR1## are obtainable by reacting the stated polyolefins with the vinyl esters I in the presence of a free radical initiator at from 80 to 200.degree. C., it being possible for these reaction products subsequently to have been hydrolyzed to the corresponding alcohols or converted into the corresponding amines by reductive amination with amines II ##STR2## .

Abstract: The lubricity of low sulphur fuels is enhanced by incorporation of a cold flow improver.

Abstract: A fuel additive having the formula: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 is a thioether, a sulfoxide, a sulfone, a sulfonic acid, a sulfonamide, a nitrile, a carboxylic acid or ester, or a carboxamide; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl; n is an integer from 0 to 100; and when n is 0 to 10, R.sub.5 is polyalkyl having an average molecular weight of 450 to 5,000; and when n is 5 to 100, R.sub.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl, alkaryl or an acyl group having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.6 is alkyl, phenyl, aralkyl or alkaryl; R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy; A.sub.2 is a thioether, a sulfoxide, a sulfone, a sulfonic acid, a sulfonamide, a nitrile, a carboxylic acid or ester, or a carboxamide; and x and y are independently integers from 0 to 10; with the proviso that when n and x are both 0, then A.sub.

Abstract: Polymer of number average molecular weight 1,000 to 20,000 containing the repeating units (I) (II) or (III) (II) have been found useful as low temperature flow improvers for distillate fuels particularly in combination with other additives.

Abstract: Two-stroke cycle engine lubricant and lubricant fuel composition comprise a composition prepared by reacting an aromatic compound of the formula ##STR1## with a carboxylic reactantR.sup.1 CO(CR.sup.2 R.sup.3).sub.x COOR.sup.10and optionally, ammonia or amines.In another embodiment the 2-stroke cycle lubricants contain a carboxylic composition of the formula ##STR2## wherein the various groups are defined herein.

Abstract: This invention relates to lubricants for two-cycle engines comprising a major amount of at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of at least one compound of the general formulaA.sup.y- M.sup.y+ (I)wherein M represents one or more metal ions, y is the total valence of all M and A represents one or more anion containing groups having a total of about y individual anionic moieties and each anion containing group is a group of the formula ##STR1## wherein T is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## Additive concentrates and lubricant-fuel mixtures for two cycle engines are also disclosed as well as methods for operating two-cycle engines.

Abstract: Ester-type ashless dispersants containing additional integral sulfur-ester moieties which have been found to possess enhanced thermal and oxidative stability are claimed.

Abstract: A product formed by heating (A) a mixture of a carboxylic acid ester and a fatty acid oxyalkylated amine derivative selected from fatty acid amides, fatty acid esters, fatty acid ester-amides of such oxyalkylated amine, and mixtures thereof with (B) sulfur or a sulfur source at an elevated temperature at which sulfurization occurs. Such products are effective as oil additives in inhibiting excessive wear and sludge formation. And they possess excellent compatibility with oils of lubricating viscosity, such as mineral oils used as crankcase lubricating oil base stocks.

Abstract: Thio-bis-(hydrocarbyl substituted diacid materials), such as thio-bis-(polyalkyl lactone acid) and/or their precursors, the adducts of sulfur chloride and unsaturated diacid materials, e.g., 4,8-bis-polyalkyl-4,8-dichloro-6-thiaundecane-1,2,10,11-tetracarboxylic acid bis-anhydride and their dehydrochlorinated analogs, when esterified with an alcohol, preferably a polyol, such as pentaerythritol, polypentaerythritol or a polyalkylene glycol with or without acid catalysts and/or metal template reagents yield thio-bis-(alkyl lactone acid esters) and thio-bis-(hydrocarbyl diacid esters) which can be characterized in part, as macrocyclic and/or macrocyclic-like structures, are useful as stable additives in lubricating compositions, e.g. as varnish inhibiting dispersants for lubricating oils and fuels.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymers of average molecular weight ranging from 400 to 20,000 comprising thiosubstituted groups per molecule and resulting from the reaction, in the presence of an addition catalyst, of at least one compound with a thiol function, having 1 to 60 carbon atoms per molecule, with an unsaturated polyester resulting from the condensation of an aliphatic epoxide with an unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic compound comprising at least one ethylenic unsaturation in the alpha position of one of the carboxyl groups. Also disclosed are middle distillate compositions having a distillation range from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C. and comprising a minor proportion, preferably from 0.001 to 2% by weight, of at least one of the polymers defined hereinabove.

Abstract: A polymeric lubricating oil additive containing pendant perfluoroaliphatic ester groups that behave as a fuel economy enhancer when added to lubricating oil compositions. The additive is prepared by the process which comprises reacting a perfluoroaliphatic alcohol with an alkenyl succinic acid anhydride to form a alakenyl succinic mono and/or diester in the presence of an acid catalyst.