Abstract: A biomass solid fuel having low self-heating. In the biomass solid fuel, mutual bonding or adhesion between pulverized biomass particles is maintained and the biomass solid fuel has a maximum reaching temperature of less than 200° C. in a self-heating property test based on the “UNITED NATIONS Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS: Manual of Test and Criteria: 5th revised Edition: Test method for Self-heating substances”.

Abstract: A charcoal article for use of a hookah tobacco pipe is provided. The article comprises a body extending between a top and bottom portions. Plurality of legs extends outwardly from a base surface disposed between the top and bottom portions. The legs are separated from each other by channels, and a recess is provided extending inwardly within the body from the base surface. An inner chamber is defined within the body by the walls of the legs and walls of the recess. The legs are configured for placement on a foil, having at least one perforation, covering a bowl with a smoking matter. Upon positioning of the article on the foil the heating chamber is positioned to coincide with or situated at the perforation within the foil.

Abstract: A generally pillow-shaped charcoal briquet having a convex upper surface and a convex lower surface, wherein at least one of these surfaces contain an enhanced surface feature comprising one or more grooves. When two or more grooves are located on one or both convex surfaces, the grooves are generally parallel to each other and to two opposing sides of the briquet, and generally perpendicular to two opposing sides of the briquet. The briquets have improved ignition characteristics and enhanced burn phase properties.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an auto-combustible log comprising at least one air intake connected to a chimney wherein the log is made of wood, wood particle or wood residues wherein the wood, wood particles or wood residues have been treated to destroy any invasive pests, such as insects and fungi.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shaped wood fiber body as an ignition aid with additional fuel content achieved by dipping or impregnation, wherein a plurality of wood fibers are compacted to form the shaped body. According to the invention, the preferably cylindrical body has a multilayered winding or roll structure, comprising a series of layers, which run at a radial spacing about the lengthwise axis of the cylinder. Furthermore, at least the bottom or the top surface of the cylindrical body is diagonal cut.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for burning comprising a combustible body having an exterior surface and an axis extending between opposed top and bottom surfaces. The body has an interior surface defining a cavity extending from the top surface and a first blind bore extending radially from the cavity to the exterior surface wherein the interior surface includes a plurality of slots extending longitudinally therein.

Abstract: Integrated cement production systems and methods implementing the systems are disclosed, where the integrated cement production systems include a burnable fuel supply subsystem, a cement raw material supply subsystem, a kiln subsystem and a cement clinker composition storage subsystem. The burnable fuel supply subsystem is adapted to receive one or a plurality of used and/or unused healthcare materials. The burnable fuel supply subsystem can feed the materials directly into the kiln subsystem, can convert the materials into different form and feed the different form to the kiln subsystem or feed a combination of the materials, different forms and optionally conventional fuels to the kiln subsystem.

Abstract: The present invention is a solid fuel fire starter having a wicking element made of corrugated cardboard with an exposed top end for ignition by a flame source, a non-combustible housing surrounding the wicking element, the housing defining an open end for exposing the top end of the wicking element; and a paraffin wax reservoir within the housing integrally molded with the wicking element so that the wicking element conveys the paraffin wax by capillary action up into a flame.

Abstract: An improved charcoal briquet having combustion aiding surfaces is packaged in a compact boxed package. A charcoal briquet having improved burning characteristics and also improved shipping and retailing characteristics is thereby provided. An improved packaged charcoal product including a flat sided box adapted to hold randomly oriented briquets and be split open at its corners and at a lower portion for use in igniting the briquets and a grooved pillow shaped briquet are also disclosed.

Abstract: A combustible fire block for providing sustained heat output having a combustible fire block body formed from combustible material pressed into a mass and having a base, an intermediate portion and a top; at least one fire propagation path-way formed within the body, said fire propagation pathway running between an opening in the base and an opening in the top and being defined by internal walls of the body the pathway being dimensioned so as to allow the block to burn by propagation of fire along the internal walls defining the pathway. The fire block will form an entire fire. A firelighter comprising a body of fire ignition material in the form of a webbed profile onto which a fuel to be ignited for combustion can be placed is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to solid compounds which generate hydrogen by combustion, and to a method for generating hydrogen based on the combustion of said compounds. Said compounds have a composition which includes at least one inorganic borohydride, selected from alkali borohydrides, alkaline-earth borohydrides and mixtures thereof, and at least one inorganic oxidant. Characteristically, said composition comprises sulfur. Said method is advantageously implemented for supplying hydrogen to a fuel cell.

Abstract: A combustible charcoal fuel package is disclosed which includes an outer wrapper, preferably formed from burlap or other similar woven material that encloses large pieces of charcoal material, medium pieces of charcoal material and smaller pieces of charcoal material coated or otherwise soaked in a vegetable wax to form an aggregate. The aggregate is disposed at or near the bottom of the burlap wrapper, with the medium-size pieces of charcoal material disposed thereon with the larger pieces of charcoal material disposed on top of the medium-sized pieces of charcoal material. Preferably, all charcoal materials are fabricated from all-natural charcoal logs fabricated from compressed charcoal particles without the use of odor causing binders.

Abstract: A generally pillow-shaped charcoal briquet having a convex upper surface and a convex lower surface, wherein at least one of these surfaces contain an enhanced surface feature comprising one or more grooves. When two or more grooves are located on one or both convex surfaces, the grooves are generally parallel to each other and to two opposing sides of the briquet, and generally perpendicular to two opposing sides of the briquet. The briquets have improved ignition characteristics and enhanced burn phase properties.

Abstract: A combustible wood-based package is disclosed which includes an outer wrapper, preferably formed from burlap or other similar woven material that encloses large pieces of wood material, medium pieces of wood material and smaller pieces of wood material coated or otherwise soaked in a vegetable wax to form an aggregate. The aggregate is disposed at or near the bottom of the burlap wrapper, with the medium-size pieces of wood material disposed thereon with the larger pieces of wood material disposed on top of the medium-sized pieces of wood material. Preferably, all wood materials are fabricated from all-natural wood logs fabricated from compressed wood particles without the use of odor causing binders.

Abstract: Combustible packages for containing a fuel source and a fire started are provided. A combustible package may include a cardboard outer wall and top and bottom lids for substantially closing top and bottom openings defined by the outer wall. Each lid may define a central panel for extending across an opening and a plurality of tabs for facilitating a press fit between the lids and the outer wall. Each lid may also define a central opening for receiving an end of a fire starter. The fire starter may be wound paper tube impregnated with an accelerant. The fuel source may be a plurality of charcoal briquettes contained between the outer wall, the top and bottom lids and the fire starter. The outer wall may define one or more ventilation openings between the bottom edge and the bottom lid. Or the bottom edge may be scalloped to provide ventilation openings.

Abstract: A method for oil-based fuel dispersion in the form of micron and submicron Droplets with typical size distribution 0.5-20 microns where said Droplets are coated with a polymer-based shell containing metal nanoparticles that enable the droplets to absorb laser irradiation and utilize laser energy to initialize fuel burning. These encapsulated fuel Droplets are used primarily within engines to increase the power, efficiency, and stability of the engine.

Abstract: An environmentally-safe, disposable, and combustible charcoal-based heat source includes a first chimney structure and a second wall structure surrounding the chimney structure. An inner chimney flue receives air for igniting and burning the charcoal-based heat source and an outer chimney flue exhausts combustion fumes from the charcoal-based heat source. A bottom wall member secures to the inner chimney flue and the outer chimney flue and forms of a combustible material to be consumed during the ignition and burning of the charcoal-based fuel. A top wall member secures to the inner chimney flue and the outer chimney flue to be consumed during the ignition of the charcoal-based fuel. A plurality of exhaust apertures are arranged within the top wall for exhausting the combustion fumes from the outer chimney flue. An ignition ring establishes a sustained ignition of sufficient duration to ignite uniformly the charcoal-based fuel. A plurality of flaps provide an initial ignition of the ignition ring.

Abstract: A combustible fuel article includes a base formed of vegetable wax in a plurality of cardboard strips disposed partially within the base and extending outside of the base. When the cardboard strips are ignited, they burn down to the wax base and the wax base provides additional fuel for the wood fire wall burning at a slower rate than the cardboard strips. The combustible fuel article is an all-natural fire starter that is free of petroleum-based products or dangerous chemicals. Methods of manufacturing and using the combustible fuel article are also provided.

Abstract: An improved charcoal briquet having combustion aiding surfaces is packaged in a compact boxed package. A charcoal briquet having improved burning characteristics and also improved shipping and retailing characteristics is thereby provided. An improved packaged charcoal product including a flat sided box adapted to hold randomly oriented briquets and be split open at its corners and at a lower portion for use in igniting the briquets and a grooved pillow shaped briquet are also disclosed.

Abstract: A sustained release composite is made from a three-dimensional piece of calcium silicate having a xontolite structure and in which are fibers of textile glass and borosilicate glass, and an active agent. The active agent can be a fire starting material, a fragrance, or a masking fragrance.

Abstract: A combustible product of various shapes and compositions efficiently and conveniently supplies heat, such as for outdoor cooking. The product includes a hollow cone of combustible material defining a substantially cone-shaped exterior, a substantially cone-shaped interior space, a large opening in the base of the cone and a small opening in the top of the cone creating a flue to facilitate ignition of the product and to allow individual products to be stacked upon each other for larger heating requirements or for efficient storage before use. The product may be a single integral piece of combustible material, a plurality of combustible pieces secured to each other to form the cone shape, or a plurality of combustible pieces arranged into a cone shape through means of combustible packaging.

Abstract: A combustible wood-based package is disclosed which includes an outer wrapper, preferably formed from burlap or other similar woven material that encloses large pieces of wood material, medium pieces of wood material and smaller pieces of wood material coated or otherwise soaked in a vegetable wax to form an aggregate. The aggregate is disposed at or near the bottom of the burlap wrapper, with the medium-size pieces of wood material disposed thereon with the larger pieces of wood material disposed on top of the medium-sized pieces of wood material. Preferably, all wood materials are fabricated from all-natural wood logs fabricated from compressed wood particles without the use of odor causing binders.

Abstract: Combustion rate adjustable firelogs and methods of manufacturing are described. One aspect of the present invention are firelogs manufactured with an integral combustion shield for covering a portion of the surface area of the firelog that may be selectively utilized to set the duration and burning rate as the manufactured firelog is consumed during the fire. By way of example and not of limitation, the integral combustion shield is made of a thin flame resistant or non-flammable material, such as aluminum, which covers a portion of the firelog to control the combustion rate. Another aspect of the invention is the adaptation of wrapped firelogs so that they may be easily divided while retaining wrapper portions thereupon. Another aspect of the invention is the adaptation of the shapes of the firelogs so that they may be utilized either separately or in combination with one another.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating implement which comprises at least two frame parts (1, 2) which have been made from wood and are placed one on top of the other, at least one of which has at least one groove (3), or corresponding formation, for leading the combustion air into the structure of the heating implement. A heating implement formed in accordance with the invention has one or more spacing pieces (4) located in the groove (3), which are placed between the frame parts to form an air gap between them.

Abstract: An improved stackable charcoal briquet has a convex bottom and a concave top and is packaged in a stacked compact boxed package. A charcoal briquet having improved burning characteristics and also improved shipping and retailing characteristics is thereby provided.

Abstract: A fire log system for providing an efficient corn based fuel that is burnable within conventional fireplaces. The fire log system includes a housing having a front opening, a volume of particulate corn within the interior of the housing, a plurality of corn cobs within the front opening of the housing for retaining the particulate corn, and a plurality of retaining members secured about the front opening. The housing with the corn cobs and particulate corn is preferably dipped within a wax material after formed. A wick member preferably is positioned within the front opening for assisting in the lighting of the fire log system.

Abstract: An improved stackable charcoal briquet has a convex bottom and a concave top and is packaged in a stacked compact boxed package. A charcoal briquet having improved burning characteristics and also improved shipping and retailing characteristics is thereby provided.

Abstract: An artificial firelog having a support surface, a viewing surface, and a pair of end surfaces is produced by moving a component mixture through an extrusion bore containing an extrusion die. The component mixture is divided by a blade extending the diameter of the extrusion die, thereby forming a flat rear surface on each stream of the component mixture. The blade additionally contains a cylindrical mandrel at approximately the center of the blade for forming a channel on the component mixture at substantially the center of the flat rear surface. The component mixture is then cut to desired lengths to form an artificial firelog.

Abstract: A fire starting assembly is provided in accordance with the present invention for easily lighting and maintaining a fire in an outdoor environment. The inventive fire starting assembly includes, in its simplest form, a combustible container defining an interior, and intermixed layers of flammable and combustible materials in the container interior having first and second burning points, respectively. To provide oxygen for the fire, the container includes holes for admitting air into the container interior, thus fueling the fire within the container interior.

Abstract: A fire starter consists of a ring-shaped mass of combustible of wax and wood. It consists of a series of inverted frusto-conical sections connected together by a series of inverted triangular connecting sections and a having a substantially central aperture, and having spacers for supporting the mass of material above a supporting surface, e.g. the floor of a fireplace. During the process for manufacturing the fire starter, the wax and wood mixture is subject to high pressure of 700 psi to 800 psi resulting in the formation of veneer layer of wax on the outer surfaces of the fire starter. During combustion of the fire starter, a venturi effect is created by a flow of air to the aperture, providing a relatively high, intense flame. The fire starter burns for a period of time, e.g, 8-12 minutes, and the intensity of the flame generated is capable of igniting conventional fireplace logs without the use of kindling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heating implement which comprises at least two frame parts (1, 2) which have been made from wood and are placed one on top of the other, at least one of which has at least one groove (3), or corresponding formation, for leading the combustion air into the structure of the heating implement. A heating implement formed in accordance with the invention has one or more spacing pieces (4) located in the groove (3), which are placed between the frame parts to form an air gap between them.

Abstract: A portable, stackable, all-in-one, combustible fuel package composed of a carton without internal structure and containing a fire starting material and charcoal or other combustible material, a one-piece carton blank for forming the carton, and methods of assembling and using the carton and its components to provide a heat source are provided. The carton blank is a simple design for easy assembly of the carton. The container maintains the firestarter separate from the charcoal material and allows direct access to the firestarter for its removal from the container. The carton includes selectively deployable legs structured to raise the carton off of a surface sufficient for placement of the firestarter under the carton and allow air flow to the base of the container to maintain the burning of the firestarter and charcoal material inside the container.

Abstract: A igniter for logs in a fireplace has a body of combustible material, such as wood, with two major surfaces. A plurality of grooves extend in one major surface thereby forming a plurality of ribs in the body. The grooves and ribs near the center of the body may be narrower than the grooves and ribs remote from the center. A slot extends in the other major surface transverse to the first direction wherein the slot communicates with plurality of grooves to form air passages through the body. A pair of blocks, placed on opposite sides of the slot, support the body above the fireplace hearth. By starting combustion beneath the slot in the body, a source of fire is provided that is concentrated initially into a relatively small area which gradually increases as the body is consumed.

Abstract: A portable, self-contained heating apparatus has a container filled with a plurality of vertically oriented, elongated combustible objects defining a plurality of passages for allowing the flow of air. The container has a first plurality of vent openings formed near the lower end of the container, and a second plurality of vent openings formed near the upper end of the container. The vent openings allow air into the container. A wax material substantially coats the elongated combustible objects without filling all of the passages or the container. First and second bands are movably disposed on the container and move between a first location over the vent openings, and a second location away from the openings. The bands control the flow of air into the container, and thus the rate at which the elongated combustible objects burn.

Abstract: Fuel charcoal having a plurality of air-passing portions in the shape of through holes or grooves in its body so as to supply combustion air thereto while burning, by which it keeps a burning state once catching fire.

Abstract: An igniter for logs in a fireplace has a body of combustible material, such as wood, with two major surfaces. A plurality of grooves extend in one major surface thereby forming a plurality of ribs in the body. The grooves and ribs near the center of the body may be narrower than the grooves and ribs remote from the center. The middle section of each groove tapers toward an opening in the other major surface to form air passages through the body. The tapering of the middle sections of the groove forms relatively thin edges which ignite easily. A pair of blocks, placed on opposite sides of the slot, support the body above the fireplace hearth. By starting combustion beneath the middle openings in the grooves, a source of fire is provided that is concentrated initially into a relatively small region which gradually increases as the body is consumed.

Abstract: A barbecue smoker device for placing in a barbecue grill for generating flavoring smoke when heated, the barbecue smoker device including a leakproof noncombustible body having an inner cavity, an opening positioned to connect to the inner cavity to thereby provide access to the inner cavity, presoaked wood chips positioned within the inner cavity to thereby generate smoke when the barbecue smoker device is placed in the barbecue grill, a lid positioned on the opening to thereby hermetically seal the presoaked wood chips within the inner cavity, and an associated method.

Abstract: A firestarting device and a method of making the same is provided. The firestarting device includes an ignition ring formed from a mass of combustible material and having a predetermined thickness. The ignition ring defines an aperture therethrough having a width greater than the thickness of the ignition ring. A support structure formed from the mass of combustible material supports the ignition ring above a supporting surface. It is contemplated that the combustible material be formed from a combination of wax and combustible particles. The wax having a melting point in the range of 136.degree. Fahrenheit to 166.degree. Fahrenheit and the wood particles being finer than 55 mesh.

Abstract: A fire log or fire starter extruded to include a plurality of elongated sawdust and paraffin bodies attached to an adjacent body by a reduced thickness neck of sawdust and paraffin that is easily severed or snapped apart. Each severed neck provides a rough and thus easily ignitable edge on each body with exposed flammable fibers or sawdust particles.

Abstract: A fire log formed with a groove in a bottom rear corner thereof. The groove is formed at a right angle and provides a protruding edge or lipped surface onto which the flame can latch and ignite the fire log. A generally V-shaped channel is formed in a front surface of the fire log by an arcuate upper section and a curved lower section. The outer wrapper forms a flap or wick which is used to ignite the fire log. The fire log is lit at the protruding edge formed by the groove and initially burns at opposed ends thereof. Flame gradually creeps inward along the rear and top surface, then gradually creeps down the front surface resulting in complete ignition of the fire log.

Abstract: A combustible device which can be ignited to furnish warmth for comfort, heat for cooking, and light for illumination, and which may also be aesthetically pleasing. The device includes a shell formed of combustible material, which defines an updraft chamber, an intake chamber located at the lower portion of the updraft chamber and being in fluid communication with both the updraft chamber and the outside of the shell, and one or more exhaust flues located at the top of the updraft chamber. The flues also are in fluid communication with both the updraft chamber and the outside of the shell, to provide an exit for smoke and ashes formed by combustion in the updraft chamber. The updraft chamber may be tapered, so that the upper portion of the updraft chamber is narrower than the lower portion of the updraft chamber. Preferably, the combustible shell is formed with an aesthetically pleasing appearance, such as a relief shaped like a face.

Abstract: A portable fuel element made from stacked sheets of cardboard impregnated and held together with paraffin wax. In a preferred embodiment, each portable fuel element contains at least one match that is protected from moisture by the paraffin wax and cardboard. The embodiment is made from a stack of five sheets of paraffin wax impregnated recycled cardboard. The stack, which is about 3/4 inch high, is perforated into 21/2 inch squares. Rectangular blocks that measure 3/4 inch high, 21/2 inches wide, and 5 inches long are broken out along the perforations, leaving a perforation in the middle of each block which separates each rectangular block into two 21/2 inch square, 3/4 inch thick blocks attached at the perforation. A wick is placed into each half of each block and two matches are inserted inside the rectangular block along the line formed by the perforation. The rectangular block is then dipped into paraffin wax to get a wax coating.

Abstract: Pellets or briquettes useful as fuel are produced from sewage sludge solids. Mechanically stable pellets or briquettes result from combining a major portion of sewage sludge solids with lesser amounts of lime and binder materials suitable for imparting stability to the product and pressing or extruding the combined components into desired shapes. Coal may be included in the pellet or briquette composition for improved fuel value.

Abstract: A fireplace log ignition source which if desired may be used alone as an artificial fireplace log. A plurality of flammable elongate ignition elements are provided, each being resiliently flexible and having at least one distal end which may be bent so as to extend substantially outwardly from the log and substantially perpendicular thereto, so as to form a plurality of points of possible ignition of the log along its longitudinal length. In a preferred embodiment the ignition elements each comprise a wire, surrounded by a thread coated with a flammable material. A portion of the ignition element contacts the periphery of the artificial fireplace log. The wire therein is resiliently biased so as to maintain the ignition element in gripping engagement with the periphery of the fireplace log. The wire also maintains the ignition element in a desired fixed position after ignition thereof and when burning.

Abstract: A wax-based brick such as a wax and sawdust brick for starting fires in fireplaces and the like is shaped to reduce the area of contact between adjacent bricks in a stack to make the bricks easy to separate from the stack even when the wax has slightly melted. The bricks may have a central cross-section which is octagonal, hexagonal, trapezoidal, or generally rectangular with convex or concave upper and lower walls. The end portions of the bricks have generally rectangular cross-sections to facilitate stacking.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing ignitable material (10) having an angled, rotatable, hollow drum (12) with a high end entrance (14) and a low end exit (16). A molten treatment vat (18) containing molten treatment (44), such as paraffin, within which angled, rotatable, hollow drum (12) is rotated is also provided. The treatment vat (18) is heated so that the treatment (44) contained in the vat is kept molten. Additionally, ejection guides (58) are attached interiorly of the hollow drum adjacent the low end exit (16). Further, a molten treatment excess return (46) is connected to the low end so that the material introduced at the high end entrance (14) which is rotated through the molten treatment (44) and then ejected by the ejection guides (58) from the exit end (16) is allowed to shed excess molten treatment (44) which is returned to the molten treatment vat (18) for reuse.

Abstract: An improved artificial fireplace log wherein the primary ingredient consists of paper waste sludge material that is recovered from settling ponds or clarifiers as waste material which is created during the manufacture of virgin or recycled paper. This waste sludge material is mixed with a suitable wax and is pressed into a fireplace log having a plurality of longitudinally arranged bores that define passages for air to flow from one end to the other.

Abstract: An ignition device for igniting an associated fuel, such as charcoal briquettes or firewood, includes a base, an ignitor, a wick, and an ignition cream. The base is planar and is made of a combustible material such as cardboard. The ignitor has a generally conical configuration and is attached to a top surface of the base. The ignitor is a thermite type material which includes aluminum and iron oxide. The wick is attached to the top surface of the base and extends between the ignitor and an edge of the base. The ignition cream can be made of the same material as the wick, both being ignitable with a match or cigarette lighter.

Abstract: An ignition device for igniting an associated fuel, such as charcoal briquettes or firewood, includes a base, an ignitor, a wick, and an ignition cream. The base is planar and is made of a combustible material such as cardboard. The ignitor has a generally conical configuration and is attached to a top surface of the base. The ignitor is a thermite type material which includes aluminum and iron oxide. The wick is attached to the top surface of the base and extends between the ignitor and an edge of the base. The ignition cream can be made of the same material as the wick, both being ignitable with a match or cigarette lighter.

Abstract: A self-kindling fuel package comprises a combustible container having four planar side walls, a bottom wall, and a top wall. The container is constructed from a single planar element which is then folded to create the container. The container receives fuel, an ignitor, and a wick. Openings are provided in the walls of the container to aid in ventilation and drafting. A pull tab in the top wall of the container is selectively displaceable to aid in a "chimney" effect.