Vegetation Or Refuse Patents (Class 44/589)
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Patent number: 8945245Abstract: A method is provided in which pretreated and densified cellulosic biomass particulates can be hydrolyzed at a high solids loading rate as compared with the solids loading rate of loose hydrolysable cellulosic biomass fibers. The resulting high concentration sugar-containing stream can be easily converted to biofuels or an entire suite of other useful bioproducts.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 2012Date of Patent: February 3, 2015Assignees: The Michigan Biotechnology Institute, Board of Trustees of Michigan State UniversityInventors: Bryan Bals, Farzaneh Teymouri, Tim Campbell, Bruce Dale
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Publication number: 20150030752Abstract: Pellet compositions derived from agricultural combustible biomass and oil-retaining seed mash are described. A lubricant such as glycerol or glycerin may also be included to increase pelletability and increase the BTU/lb of the pellets. The components used for making the pellets are byproducts of biofuel production and typically have little economic value. Pellet composition advantageously include the use on material derived from Camelina plants as the combustible biomass and seed mash. Methods of making the pellets are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 26, 2013Publication date: January 29, 2015Applicant: Riverside Fuels LLCInventors: Andrew Joseph Omernik, Michael Gregory Omernik, Erik Scott Omernik
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Publication number: 20150020443Abstract: The present disclosure provides a novel method and machine for the production of a biomass composition from waste materials including the steps of evaluating the waste material for emissions related factors, treating the evaluated waste material with the additive composition to form a low emissions biomass composition and shaping the biomass composition into solid fuel formations. The present invention further provides an additive composition used in the treatment of the waste materials that comprises an emission sponge, a filler and optional BTU modifier. The treating step includes the steps of sizing selected waste materials, blending the sized waste materials with the additive composition formulated specifically for the waste material and forming with a press the blended waste materials into solid fuel formations. The resulting biomass solid fuel formations produce lower emissions than typically produced by coal and may be combined with, or used in place of coal in fuel burning structures and devices.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 17, 2014Publication date: January 22, 2015Applicant: V35A Enterprises, LLCInventors: Timothy Bumgarner, Joseph Kempf
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Publication number: 20150017313Abstract: A pelletizing process and pelletized product is provided using non-food or limited-feed agricultural residue, such as corn stover and soybean stubble, and for various uses, including energy production, such as ethanol or electricity generation, fuel and feed. The agricultural plant material is harvested and baled. The bales are transported to the processing site for storage or immediate processing. The bale strings are first removed, and then the broken bales are shredded. The shredded plant material is then ground to a small size. The ground material is then pelletized without the use of binding additives, to produce densified pellets of the agricultural plant material. The pellets are cooled and then stored or transported to an end user. Chemical agents may be added to depolymerize lignin in the residue material. Nutritional supplements may be added to the material before pelletizing.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 29, 2014Publication date: January 15, 2015Inventor: James Russell Zeeck
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Patent number: 8920525Abstract: This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. High carbon biogenic reagents are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2012Date of Patent: December 30, 2014Assignee: Biogenic Reagent Ventures, LLCInventors: Daniel J. Despen, James A. Mennell, Steve Filips
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Publication number: 20140360093Abstract: Process for the production of solid fuel from wastewater sludge, and equipment suitable for carrying out the production thereof.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 31, 2012Publication date: December 11, 2014Inventors: Istvan Vereckey, ifj. Istvan Vereckey, Bela Bognar, Laszlo Ercsey
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Patent number: 8906119Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, and methods of making the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 2011Date of Patent: December 9, 2014Assignee: Accordant Energy, LLCInventors: James W. Bohlig, Dingrong Bai
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Publication number: 20140314928Abstract: An optimal separation of sunflower seed meal into at least one fraction with high protein content and at least one fraction with high cellulose content is to be achieved with a method for the processing of sunflower-extraction meal, producing a fraction with a low protein content for use as fuel and a fraction having a higher protein content for use as animal feed, wherein the extraction meal is fed to a plurality of dissolving and extraction stages. This is achieved by—at least two protein removal steps, preferably by means of corrugated rolls or hammer blows or impact mills with impactation of the starting material in a short cycle sequence,—the subsequent sifting by means of sieves, as well as the collecting of the sifted material and the remaining coarse material.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 17, 2012Publication date: October 23, 2014Inventors: Erhard Bazak, Andreas Freiherr von Tautphoeus
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Patent number: 8864854Abstract: A method of calcining green petroleum coke which includes separating the green coke having a particle size of between 0.1 mm and 50 mm into undersized and oversized fractions, pelletizing the undersized fraction with a binder to form pelletized coke, combining the oversized fraction and the pelletized coke to form a feed mixture, and calcining the feed mixture to form calcined coke. The method includes the addition of a pulverization step wherein all the green coke is pulverized before pelletization and the pellets are then calcined to produce a pelletized calcined coke product.Type: GrantFiled: July 12, 2011Date of Patent: October 21, 2014Assignee: Rain Cll Carbon LLCInventor: Leslie C. Edwards
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Patent number: 8852301Abstract: A system for treating biomass for the production of a composition of lignin pellets .is disclosed. Pellets comprising at least 50 percent lignin by dry weight is disclosed. Also disclosed are pellets produced from a lignin composition by a process comprising: pre-treating lignocellulosic biomass into pre-treated biomass; separating the pre-treated biomass into a first liquid component comprising sugars and a first solids component comprising cellulose and the lignin composition; hydrolysing the first solids component of the pre-treated biomass into a hydrolysed biomass comprising sugars and the lignin composition; separating the hydrolysed biomass into a second liquid component comprising sugars and a second solids component comprising the lignin composition; supplying the second solids component comprising the lignin composition to a pelleting apparatus to produce the pellets; wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2010Date of Patent: October 7, 2014Assignee: POET Research, Inc.Inventor: Jason Bootsma
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Patent number: 8852302Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, and methods of making the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2012Date of Patent: October 7, 2014Assignee: Accordant Energy, LLCInventor: Dingrong Bai
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Patent number: 8846123Abstract: A process is provided using non-food or limited-feed agricultural residue and energy crops for energy production, such as ethanol or electricity generation. The agricultural plant material is harvested and baled. The bales are transported to the processing site for storage or immediate processing. The bale strings are first removed, and then the broken bales are shredded. The shredded plant material is then ground to a small size. The ground material is then pelletized to produce densified pellets of the agricultural plant material. The pellets are cooled and then stored or transported to an end user.Type: GrantFiled: August 10, 2009Date of Patent: September 30, 2014Assignee: Pellet Technology LLCInventor: James Russell Zeeck
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Publication number: 20140283440Abstract: A fire starter which contains about 1% to 16% long porous organic fibers and 1% to 8% diatomaceous earth additives to create a firestarter that is capable of being extruded at lower pressures and contains air pockets to aid in oxidation.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2013Publication date: September 25, 2014Inventor: Robert Beadles
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Publication number: 20140259894Abstract: The present disclosure provides a novel method for the production of a biomass composition from waste materials including the steps of evaluating the waste material for emissions related factors, treating the evaluated waste material with the additive composition to form a low emissions biomass composition and shaping the biomass composition into solid fuel formations. The present invention further provides an additive composition used in the treatment of the waste materials that comprises an emission sponge, a filler and optional BTU modifier. The treating step includes the steps of sizing selected waste materials, blending the sized waste materials with the additive composition formulated specifically for the waste material and forming the blended waste materials into solid fuel formations. The resulting biomass solid fuel formations produce lower emissions than typically produced by coal and may be combined with, or used in place of coal in coal burning structures and devices.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 17, 2014Publication date: September 18, 2014Applicant: V35A Enterprises, LLCInventor: Timothy Bumgarner
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Publication number: 20140259895Abstract: The present invention provides portable pelletizing systems for in situ processing of biomass material to pellets. Systems according to embodiments of the invention have a complete set of processing components and an engine for powering the processing components. The processing components are interconnected. Loading, unloading, and coordination of each of the processing components is automatically controlled through a controller. A heat exchange network is integrated with the engine and the processing components, wherein the heat exchange network transfers heat between the engine and the processing components. The system is self-contained and may be transported using a vehicle so that the system may receive biomass material of varying composition and moisture content at a point of origin. The complete set of processing components may include an input, a means for reducing the size of the biomass material, a blender, a dryer, a conditioner, a pellet mill, a cooler, and an output.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 14, 2014Publication date: September 18, 2014Inventor: Thomas K. Mason
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Publication number: 20140250776Abstract: A process for converting waste fibers to solid fuel is provided, including providing a supply of animal waste including the waste fibers in a predetermined quantity; washing the supply of animal waste for a predetermined washing period; dewatering the supply of animal waste by separating water from the waste fibers for a predetermined dewatering period; shedding the waste fibers for separating liquids from solids; compressing the dewatered and shed waste fibers to generate a plurality of briquettes; torrefying at least one of the plurality of briquettes in a torrefaction reactor using a heat source at a predetermined torrefying temperature for a predetermined torrefying period; removing the at least one of the plurality of briquettes from the reactor; and cooling the torrefaction reactor to reach a predetermined cooling temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 3, 2014Publication date: September 11, 2014Applicant: QUALITY FLOW, INC.Inventor: Peter Kennedy
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Patent number: 8828105Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, and methods of making the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including co-firing with coal and as substitutes for coal.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2012Date of Patent: September 9, 2014Assignee: Accordant Energy, LLCInventors: Paula A. Calabrese, Dingrong Bai
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Publication number: 20140248676Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for generating steam and recovering salts during a lignocellulosic conversion process. The process comprises de-salting a still bottoms stream; incinerating a stream comprising lignin and the de-salted still bottoms stream in an incinerator; and utilizing the heat generated from said incinerating to produce steam. Further provided is a process that comprises feeding a concentrated still bottoms stream to a crystallizer and forming insoluble solids therein comprising salts. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for recovering salts from a lignocellulosic conversion process, which process comprises the addition of solvent to a still bottoms stream to precipitate salts therefrom. Also provided is a still bottoms composition, a fertilizer product and a composition for incineration.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 24, 2012Publication date: September 4, 2014Applicant: IOGEN ENERGY CORPORATIONInventors: Robert Griffin, Ziyad Rahme, Patricia Dawn MacLean, Brian Foody
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Publication number: 20140223810Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for efficient cooling of torrefied material which also increases energy yield and hydrophobicity of the torrefied product and decreases clogging of the cooling device. The method includes that at least a part of cooled torrefied material is mixed-back with hot torrefied material before the hot material is introduced into a cooling device for further cooling of the torrefied material.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 16, 2012Publication date: August 14, 2014Inventors: Anders Nordin, Linda Pommer, Katarina Åberg, Ingemar Olofsson, Martin Nordwaeger
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Publication number: 20140223811Abstract: At least one embodiment of the disclosure is directed to a method of producing a lignocellulose-based product with reduced contents of hemicellulose, chlorine, sulfur and alkali and alkaline earth metals. A biomass having up to 60% by weight of moisture prior to steam treatment is steam treated. A lignocellulose-based product with reduced contents of hemicelluloses, chlorine, sulfur and alkali and alkaline metals is produced.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 10, 2014Publication date: August 14, 2014Applicant: Zilkha Biomass Fuels I LLCInventor: Kenneth Hillel Peter Harris
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Patent number: 8801812Abstract: [Problem] To provide a solid fuel suitable for thermal power generation by making use of the fruit seed or press cake thereof of a plant which grows in large quantities in nature. [Solution] The solid fuel comprises a composition containing 70 wt % or more, on dry basis, of the fruit seed or press cake thereof of Ricinus communis, Triadica sebifera, Jatropha curcas, Brassica rapa L. var. nippo-oleifera, Plamae, Zea mays or Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquito) and is hot compression molded.Type: GrantFiled: October 20, 2010Date of Patent: August 12, 2014Assignee: Creative Co., Ltd.Inventor: Michihiro Kiyama
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Publication number: 20140208639Abstract: A char composition made by an oxygen-starved microwave process from an organic-carbon-containing feedstock is described. Feedstock is introduced into a substantially microwave-transparent reaction chamber. A microwave source emits microwaves which are directed through the microwave-transparent wall of the reaction chamber to impinge on the feedstock within the reaction chamber. The microwave source may be rotated relative to the reaction chamber. The feedstock is subjected to microwaves until the desired reaction occurs to produce a fuel. A catalyst can be mixed with the feedstock to enhance the reaction process.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 9, 2013Publication date: July 31, 2014Inventors: Douglas M. Van Thorre, Michael L. Catto
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Publication number: 20140196361Abstract: The present description relates to a method and system for generating a fuel pellet from high sulfur fuel waste materials having a reduced SO2 emission. In one example, the fuel pellet may include petroleum coke, a biomass constituent, and an alkali substituent. Further in another example, the fuel pellet may include iron oxide catalyst increasing the capture of SO2.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 17, 2014Publication date: July 17, 2014Applicant: Elite Fuels LLCInventors: Donald Ray Blackmon, Gerald Joseph Byrd, SR.
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Publication number: 20140190073Abstract: [Object] To provide a solid fuel which comprises a binder, a form retaining agent and a vegetable oil-containing substance in a balanced manner, has a stable calorific value and suppresses the production of carbon dioxide. [Solution] A solid fuel formed from a mixture of a binder, a form retaining agent and a vegetable oil-containing substance, wherein the amount of the binder is 1 to 85 parts by weight, the amount of the form retaining agent is 1 to 55 parts by weight, and the amount of the vegetable oil-containing substance is 10 to 85 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture, and the mixture is molded.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 17, 2010Publication date: July 10, 2014Applicant: CREATIVE CO., LTD.Inventors: Michihiro Kiyama, Masayuki Yamamoto
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Publication number: 20140173976Abstract: Certain disclosed pellets, briquettes, and other compacted products contain multiple components and have a composition tailored to meet specific requirements for a given application. Frequently, at least one of the components is a biomass component. The compacted biomass products can be used in various applications including power generation, animal bedding, and waste absorbent. One particular embodiment involves using compacted body or mass as a fuel supplement or fuel replacement for coal or other fossil fuel(s) in co-firing power plants. Other specific applications include bedding for various animals including fowl, horses, and rabbits. Another application comprises pelletized absorbents such as cat litter for absorbing liquid and/or solid waste products.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 17, 2013Publication date: June 26, 2014Applicant: AMERICAN PELLET SUPPLY LLCInventors: Michael B. Myers, Jay J. Hood
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Patent number: 8753410Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for producing fuel briquettes from high moisture fine coal. The apparatus includes a coal fine pelletizer, a pellet dryer and a fuel briquette former all provided in-line for the efficient production of fuel briquettes. The method comprises forming pellets from coal fines, drying those pellets to a desired moisture content of about 1 to about 10% and forming fuel briquettes from the dried pellets.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2012Date of Patent: June 17, 2014Assignee: University of Kentucky Research FoundationInventor: Darrell Neal Taulbee
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Publication number: 20140157660Abstract: The present invention relates to a machine for manufacturing solid recovered fuel, to a process for obtaining solid recovered fuel and to the solid recovered fuel obtained from said process. The homogenization extruder machine comprises a main body (7) provided with a feed opening (6), an extruder screw (9) and an outlet (14), characterized in that it comprises a compression cone (11) arranged at the final end of the extruder screw (9) and opening and closing means (12) for opening and closing the outlet (14).Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 2012Publication date: June 12, 2014Inventors: Jose Antontio Carrera Varela, Alberto Saralegui Gutiérrez, Juan Alberto Vega Oterino
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Publication number: 20140162324Abstract: Non-food plant biomass is subjected hot-water extraction in a pressurized vessel at an elevated temperature up to about 250° C. without addition of reagents, to yield an aqueous extract containing hemicellulosic components and a lignocellulosic residue. The process leaves the lignocellulose substantially intact, but with the hemicellulosic content largely removed. The separated aqueous extract or liquor is concentrated and purified, and long-chain sugars are reduced into monomer saccharides. The lignocellulosic residue may be further processed, to yield a useful fibrous material that is highly resistant to sorption of water. This material may be used for composite materials that resist water degradation, or may be used to produce a higher thermal-yield, water-resistant fuel, or may be used as bioconversion feedstock for producing high-value, lignocellulosic derivatives.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 19, 2013Publication date: June 12, 2014Applicant: Applied Biorefinery Sciences LLCInventors: Joel R. Howard, Thomas E. Amidon, Christopher D. Wood
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Publication number: 20140157659Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feed stocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles and contain a sorbent. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels. In addition, one or more sorbents can be added to the feed stocks in order to reduce the amount of a variety of pollutants present in traditional fuel and feed stocks, including, but not limited, sulfur and chlorine. Further, these feed stocks with added sorbent can mitigate corrosion, improve fuel conversion, extend power generating plant lifetime, reduce ash slagging, and reduced operating temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 21, 2013Publication date: June 12, 2014Applicant: MPH Energy LLCInventors: James W. Bohlig, Dingrong Bai
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Publication number: 20140150334Abstract: This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and optionally recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 5, 2014Publication date: June 5, 2014Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLCInventors: Theodora RETSINA, Vesa PYLKKANEN
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Patent number: 8721746Abstract: A solid fuel molded out of a mixture of wood pieces having a size of 1 to 25 mm, paper pieces having a size of 1 to 25 mm and thermoplastic resin, wherein the mixture contains 80 to 95 parts by weight of the total of the wood pieces and the paper pieces and 5 to 15 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin, and the weight ratio of the wood pieces to the paper pieces is 20:80 to 90:10. The solid fuel which generates a stable amount of heat is manufactured by using waste wood, waste paper and waste thermoplastic resin in a well-balanced ratio.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2008Date of Patent: May 13, 2014Assignee: Creative Co., Ltd.Inventor: Michihiro Kiyama
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Publication number: 20140115956Abstract: The present application discloses a continuous process for the preparation of fuel pellets, said process comprising the steps of a) feeding a feedstock to a torrefaction and partial pyrolysis step at a temperature in the range from 250° C. to 500° C., whereby a solid char and volatile fraction are obtained, said volatile fraction comprising a tar fraction; b) directing the evolved volatile fraction as counter current stream relative to the stream of the feedstock, and at least partially condensing the volatile fraction on the incoming feedstock so as to obtain a tar-rich fraction combined with the incoming feedstock; and c) pelletization of the combined solid char/tar-rich fraction so as to obtain said fuel pellets. Novel fuel pellets are also disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 11, 2012Publication date: May 1, 2014Applicant: Danmarks tekniske UniversitetInventors: Kim Dam-Johansen, Peter Arendt Jensen
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Publication number: 20140109638Abstract: A method is described for reducing the carbon footprint of any commercially important industrial conversion process. The output of this conversion process can be combustible fuels, chemicals, electricity or heat energy. In its broadest form, a carbon negative module outputs energy to a conversion energy and this energy replaces conventional fossil-fuel based energy. A sequesterable carbonaceous solid is produced by the carbon negative process which represents a net carbon withdrawal from the atmosphere.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 23, 2013Publication date: April 24, 2014Applicant: Cool Planet Energy Systems, Inc.Inventors: Vital AELION, Daren DAUGAARD, Wilson HAGO
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Publication number: 20140109854Abstract: A fuel composition that provides a renewable biofuel energy source for reducing dependence on fossil fuels and improving air quality by reducing the amount of carbon monoxide released into the air during combustion. The fuel composition includes an energy crop comprising of a grain component. The grain component is efficacious in releasing copious quantities of vapor for burning. The vapor provides a more complete and efficient burn. The fuel composition further includes an oxidizer reactant for oxidizing, or receiving a plurality of electrons during combustion. The fuel composition further includes a fuel adhesive for bonding the molecules of the fuel composition together.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 23, 2013Publication date: April 24, 2014Inventor: Tremaine Jackson
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Patent number: 8702821Abstract: The present description relates to a method and system for generating a fuel pellet from high sulfur fuel waste materials having a reduced SO2 emission. In one example, the fuel pellet may include petroleum coke, a biomass constituent, and an alkali substituent. Further in another example, the fuel pellet may include iron oxide catalyst increasing the capture of SO2.Type: GrantFiled: June 18, 2012Date of Patent: April 22, 2014Assignee: Elite Fuels LLCInventors: Donald Ray Blackmon, Gerald Joseph Byrd, Sr.
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Patent number: 8702820Abstract: The present description relates to a method and system for generating a fuel pellet from high sulfur fuel waste materials having a reduced SO2 emission. In one example, the fuel pellet may include petroleum coke, a biomass constituent, and an alkali substituent.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2012Date of Patent: April 22, 2014Assignee: Elite Fuels LLCInventors: Donald Ray Blackmon, Gerald Joseph Byrd, Sr.
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Publication number: 20140101991Abstract: A cellulosic feedstock composition including an oil content of up to 15% of the composition, a cellulose content of 40-99% of the composition, a hemicellulose content of 2-20% of the composition, a lignin content of less than 15% of the composition, a nitrogen containing organic compound content of less than 20% of the composition, a protein containing organic compound content of less than 20% of the composition, a mineral content of less than 5% of the composition, a sand content of less than 5% of the composition, and a dirt content of less than 25% of the composition.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 11, 2013Publication date: April 17, 2014Applicant: APPLIED CLEANTECH, INCInventors: Refael Aharon, Israel Biran, Ronny Banker
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Publication number: 20140101990Abstract: A method for manufacturing solid fuel, including estimating a heat value for at least a portion of a combustible waste stream. At least one type of combustible polymer is added to the combustible waste stream as needed to raise the estimated heat value of the portion of combustible waste stream to a desired heat value. The combustible waste stream is heated and mixed while adding a binder to the combustible waste stream to increase the structural integrity of a solid fuel formed from the mixed combustible waste stream. The heated and mixed combustible waste stream is pressed into briquettes of solid fuel which are substantially hydrophobic.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 13, 2013Publication date: April 17, 2014Inventor: Joyce Lorman
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Publication number: 20140096441Abstract: The invention relates to the use of engineered fuel feedstocks to control the emission of sulfur-based, chlorine-based, nitrogen-based, or mercury-based pollutants, such as SO2, SO3, H2SO4, NO, NO2, HCl, and Hg that are generated during the combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal. Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feedstocks, feedstocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feedstocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feedstocks, and methods of generating electricity from the fuel feedstocks.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 8, 2013Publication date: April 10, 2014Applicant: MPH Energy LLCInventors: Dingrong Bai, Paula Calabrese
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Publication number: 20140096577Abstract: A process including at least one reactive trituration step which includes putting an oil cake including from 3% to 30% oil in contact with an anhydrous light alcohol and an alkaline catalyst under temperature and time conditions that are sufficient to allow for the extraction and transesterification of the vegetable oil and lead to the production of a mixture including fatty acid esters and glycerol, and a de-oiled cake including less than 3% oil. Also, a detoxified de-oiled cake as well as to a mixture of fatty acid esters with improved stability and resistance to oxidation.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 23, 2012Publication date: April 10, 2014Applicant: ARKEMA FRANCEInventors: Jean-Luc Dubois, Antoine Piccirilli
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Publication number: 20140082998Abstract: An assembly for processing green biomass materials from two separate feed sources for use as a fuel pellet includes a drying assembly, a torrefaction assembly and a heating assembly. The drying assembly is adapted to convert the green biomass material obtained from a first source to white biomass material. The torrefaction assembly is adapted to convert green biomass material obtained from a second source to torrefied biomass material. The heating assembly provides heat for both the drying assembly and the torrefaction assembly.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 24, 2013Publication date: March 27, 2014Inventors: J. Donald Brock, Malcolm L. Swanson
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Publication number: 20140075834Abstract: This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 13, 2012Publication date: March 20, 2014Applicant: BIOGENIC REAGENTS LLCInventors: James A. Mennell, Daniel J. Despen
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Publication number: 20140075833Abstract: A solid composite fuel for the mitigation of emissions from a coal-fired power plant includes a solid monothilic fuel material formed from the pyrolysis of a coal material and at least one solid renewable fuel material.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 18, 2013Publication date: March 20, 2014Applicant: C2O TECHNOLOGIES, LLCInventor: Robert J. Walty
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Patent number: 8673031Abstract: A product comprising at least one densified biomass particulate of a given mass having no added binder and comprised of a plurality of lignin-coated plant biomass fibers is provided, wherein the at least one densified biomass particulate has an intrinsic density substantially equivalent to a binder-containing densified biomass particulate of the same given mass and h a substantially smooth, non-flakey outer surface. Methods for using and making the product are also described.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2010Date of Patent: March 18, 2014Assignee: Board of Trustees of Michigan State UniversityInventors: Bruce E. Dale, Bryan Ritchie, Derek Marshall
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Publication number: 20140053458Abstract: A system for producing a torrefied biomass that at least partially replaces coal in coal-fired processes. The system comprises: a feed bin for receiving carbonaceous feedstock, conveying the ingested feedstock and treating the ingested feedstock to produce modified feedstock; a dryer that treats the modified feedstock to produce dried feedstock, the dryer including a heater that warms the dried feedstock to produce heated feedstock; a torrefaction subassembly; a particle downsizing system; a separator for separating minerals from the feedstock; and a compactor.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 24, 2012Publication date: February 27, 2014Applicant: EB CLEAN ENERGY LTD.Inventors: Ezra Bar-Ziv, Roman Saveliev, Miron Perelman
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Publication number: 20140026472Abstract: Ecologically friendly and organically composed fuel products and fire starters are presented. The composition of products and starters includes, but is not limited to: 58 to 60 percent decomposed straw, 38 percent horse or cow manure, and optionally, two percent hay mixture from various blends used as feed, and two percent straw dust from material pounded on by animals. During a formation process the composition is subjected to a number of steps with the end product being a hydraulically compressed fuel log, brick, ball, block, briquette, blank, pellet, and the like, dried to a less than 10 per cent moisture content. While the process is applicable to formation of organic fuel products and fire starters, other ingredients may be used to produce other types of fuel products, both organic and inorganic, including wood chips, other kinds of animal manure.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 15, 2013Publication date: January 30, 2014Inventor: Michael F. Richey
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Publication number: 20140026471Abstract: Ecologically friendly organically composed fuel products are presented whose composition includes, but is not limited to, ingredients: 58 to 60 percent decomposed straw, 38 percent horse or cow manure, two percent hay mixture from various blends used as feed, and two percent straw dust. The above ingredients are subjected to a number of processing steps with the end product being a hydraulically compressed fuel product, such as a brick, block, briquette, blank, pellet, etc., dried to a less than 10 percent moisture content. Eco-friendly organic fuel products may be created from other ingredients than those described herein could undergo the disclosed process to produce other types of fuel items, both organic and inorganic, with the ingredients comprising wood chips, other kinds of animal manure, and wood chips.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 18, 2013Publication date: January 30, 2014Inventor: Michael Richey
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Publication number: 20140017376Abstract: Processes for the preparation of bio-based fiber gums and products produced by these processes and some of their uses.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 13, 2013Publication date: January 16, 2014Applicant: The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of AgricultureInventor: The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture
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Patent number: 8617264Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feed stocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles and contain a sorbent. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels. In addition, one or more sorbents can be added to the feed stocks in order to reduce the amount of a variety of pollutants present in traditional fuel and feed stocks, including, but not limited, sulfur and chlorine. Further, these feed stocks with added sorbent can mitigate corrosion, improve fuel conversion, extend power generating plant lifetime, reduce ash slagging, and reduced operating temperature.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 2011Date of Patent: December 31, 2013Assignee: MPH Energy LLCInventors: James W. Bohlig, Dingrong Bai
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Publication number: 20130326939Abstract: Pelletized fuel products, methods, and apparatuses are provided. The method includes pelletizing at least partially carbonized biomass in an inert atmosphere. The apparatus includes a feeder of at least partially carbonized biomass, a pelletizer configured to receive and pelletize the at least partially carbonized biomass, and an inert gas source configured to provide inert gas to the pelletizer.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 11, 2013Publication date: December 12, 2013Inventors: William J. Lawrence, James Grady Coble, III