Abstract: A method of locating leaks in pipelines and associated facilities and a novel leak-detection test-fluid are disclosed. The novel test-fluid, comprising an odorant (preferably dimethylsulphide), a mutual solvent and water, is injected into a pipeline or facility so that the test-fluid escapes through the leak and an odorant which, by virtue of its chemical and physical properties, is released from other test-fluid components to be detected in the vicinity of the leak.

Abstract: A reactor for low pressure catalytic reforming of gasolines with heating by smoke gases comprises: at least one device for introducing and removing the charge; at least one device for introducing and removing the catalyst; at least two elementary reaction cells spaced apart from each other are made of substantially vertical and parallelepipedic enclosures (an individual charge distributor, an individual processed charge collector, a catalytic bed); at least one general charge distributor; and at least one general processed charge collector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid treating device for treatment of gasoline or diesel fuel for land and/or water vehicles. The liquid fuel treating device has an elongated housing provided with liquid fuel lines on opposite ends thereof. A central opening in the housing houses a metal bar which is formed with an alloy, the metal composition including copper, nickel, zinc, tin, magnesium and silicon. The liquid fuel is forced through the liquid fuel line into the housing, wherein it contracts the metal bar and exits through a second liquid fuel line as a treated liquid fuel with improved characteristics, substantially free of pollutants.

Abstract: A method of locating leaks in pipelines and associated facilities and a novel leak-detection test-fluid are disclosed. The novel test-fluid, comprising dimethylsulphide and a mutual solvent, is injected into a pipeline or facility so that the test-fluid escapes through the leak and an odorant which, by virture of its chemical and physical properties, is released from other test-fluid components to be detected in the vicinity of the leak.

Abstract: Contaminants, such as sulphur, sulphur compounds and other pollutants are removed from fossil fuels. The fossil fuel in a liquid medium, such as crude oil or a coal slurry, is exposed to metallic copper to react the sulphur with copper ions and settle out the resulting copper sulphide. Additional additives are also disclosed.