Solid Fuel Combustion Improving Composition Patents (Class 44/641)
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Publication number: 20150121749Abstract: An organic fuel additive for improving the combustion of a bioenergy solid fuel product, the organic fuel additive comprising a mixture of combustible organic fines and a polymer material, wherein the polymer material encapsulates the combustible organic fines in solid form, and methods of making and using the same.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 4, 2014Publication date: May 7, 2015Applicant: Superior Coatings Group, LLCInventors: Hans E. Iverson, Kerstin K. Iverson
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Patent number: 8845767Abstract: An iron salt of an organic acid, selected from formic acid, carboxylic acids having (3) or more carbon atoms and sulphonic acids, is used to reduce the carbon content of the fly ash, when coal is combusted.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 2010Date of Patent: September 30, 2014Assignee: Innospec LimitedInventors: Ian McRobbie, Alan Ross, Victoria Pellegrini, James Barker, Katherine Le Manquais, Colin Snape
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Patent number: 8574324Abstract: A process for burning coal or other carbonaceous fuels captures sulfur and other undesirable compounds are captured and retained in non-reactive ceramic-like form after the combustion phase. The process involves addition of multiple element alkali powders and/or sorbents preferably containing oxidizing anions such as nitrates and nitrites, preferably based on calcium. In various embodiments, the remediation materials when applied in a complex powder and/or liquid containing multiple elements, result in higher sulfur capture than the materials would otherwise achieve on an individual basis. In a preferred embodiment, the sorbents contain elements that minimize or lower the melting point of the ash. This leads to lowered cohesiveness and toughness of the ash so that less ash builds up on the boiler and better heat transfer is obtained.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 2005Date of Patent: November 5, 2013Assignee: NOx II, Ltd.Inventors: Douglas C. Comrie, Vincent A. Vellella
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Patent number: 8408148Abstract: The invention provides a method of increasing the efficiency of a combustion process by adding bentonite to the flame, fireball or burner region combustion zone of the combustion process. Also provided is a combustion chamber that includes a bentonite feed system and a fuel additive composition of a bentonite such as sodium bentonite having a particle size range that may be employed in the method of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2007Date of Patent: April 2, 2013Assignee: Atlantic Combustion Technologies Inc.Inventor: William T. Digdon
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Patent number: 8282693Abstract: The invention provides a method of operating a thermal installation comprising a combustion chamber fed with a fuel contaminated with vanadium, with sulphur and possibly with sodium. In particular, the combustion chamber is also fed with boron and with magnesium, in quantities such that the sodium molar ratio s=Na2SO4/V2O5, the magnesium molar ratio m=MgO/V2O5 and the boron molar ratio b=B2O3/V2O5 satisfy the equation m?3+2b?s, so that the combustion products comprise magnesium orthovanadate, mixed magnesium boron oxide and possibly sodium borate. The invention also provides for the use of such a method to inhibit corrosion of the thermal installation by vanadium oxide, possibly in the presence of sodium.Type: GrantFiled: September 17, 2009Date of Patent: October 9, 2012Assignee: GE Energy Products France SNCInventors: Michel Moliere, Emmanuel Rocca, Lionel Aranda, Aurelie Chiaravalle
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Publication number: 20120030999Abstract: A method of preparation for high-efficiency and energy-saving desulfuration additive of coal, which is characterized in that its components comprise the following materials by weight percentage: 30-40% ammonium perchlorate, 5-12% manganese carbonate, 5-12% zinc oxide, 10-23% sodium permanganate, 3-9% manganese dioxide, and 20-35% calcium phosphate primary. The above materials are mixed and broken up, and screened with sieve of 250-300 meshes. A method of application for high-efficiency and energy-saving desulfuration additive of coal in that the additive is fully mixed with coal for firing in furnace, wherein the weight ratio between the additive and the coal is between 3 to 1000 and 8 to 1000. While the coal is fired, the additive not only supports combustion to reduce coal consumption but more effectively decreases harmful gases in the furnace by firing, removing and defusing impurities and harmful substances in the coal so that no harmful substances are formed and discharged.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 3, 2010Publication date: February 9, 2012Inventor: Binglian Chen
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Grafted polymer drag-reducing agents, grafted polymer fuel additives and production methods therefor
Patent number: 8043388Abstract: The invention includes a method of reducing drag in a pipeline and/or improving the combustion efficiency of a fuel burning device by adding a grafted polymer to a hydrocarbon product. The invention also includes a method of improving the combustion efficiency of a gasoline engine by adding a grafted polymer to fuel and combusting the fuel within the gasoline engine, the grafted polymer having a viscoelastic effect in gasoline in the gasoline engine to generally correspond to a duration of the intake stroke/compression stroke/fuel burn sequence in a gasoline engine.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 2010Date of Patent: October 25, 2011Assignee: Himmelsbach Holdings, LLCInventors: Paul F. Waters, John B. Waters -
Publication number: 20110016777Abstract: A process for reducing the carbon content of ash from a burner comprises heating a carbon-based fuel in the presence of a fuel improver in a burner. The fuel improver comprises at least one metal oxide selected from the group comprising: iron oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide and aluminium oxide. The average particle size of the fuel improver is reduced to give a particle size in the range 1 to 100 micron.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 9, 2009Publication date: January 27, 2011Applicant: INTERNATIONAL INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITEDInventors: Colin Metcalfe, David Dixon
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Patent number: 7862630Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved chemical change reagent which is used as an additive to coal to enhance the complete combustion of the coal after turning it into a synthetic fuel. The composition is a chemical change agent in that it converts the coal/composition mix into a different material which, when burned, results in lower NOx emissions. The composition includes a wax, a base for ph adjustment and water and is mixed with the coal prior to combustion.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2005Date of Patent: January 4, 2011Assignee: State Line Holdings, LLCInventors: Joseph W. Hundley, Steven A. Dunwoody
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Patent number: 7540890Abstract: A processed solid fuel composition incorporating agents for destroying creosote and soot within flue ducts and chimneys of fireplaces, solid fuel stoves and other heating devices is disclosed, along with a method for its manufacture and a method for its use. The composition is made up of a combination of compressed cellulosic particulate material and a chemical and/or catalytic creosote and soot removing agent, and is molded in the form of a fire log in the preferred embodiment. The composition may be used alone, but is ideally applied to an active fire to treat a chimney flue by combined heating and chemical disaggregation of accumulated creosote and soot deposits.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 2004Date of Patent: June 2, 2009Inventor: Clark Schaefer
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Publication number: 20080168709Abstract: A safe, metal-containing combustion additive and a method of formulation is directed for use in connection with utility and industrial furnaces. The additive includes a metal-containing catalyst, a ligand for complexing with the catalyst and a solvent for carrying the catalyst/ligand complex. The vapor pressure of the additive is less than about 200×10?5 Torr at 100° F.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 16, 2007Publication date: July 17, 2008Inventors: Allen A. Aradi, Stephen A. Factor, Gregory H. Guinther, Joseph W. Roos
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Publication number: 20040168365Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemical change reagent which is used as an additive to coal to enhance the complete combustion of the coal after turning it into a synthetic fuel. The composition is a chemical change agent in that it converts the coal/composition mix into a different material which, when burned, results in lower NOx emissions. The composition includes a wax, a base for ph adjustment and water and is mixed with the coal prior to combustion.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 1, 2004Publication date: September 2, 2004Inventor: Joseph W. Hundley
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Patent number: 6299656Abstract: Non-fossil gaseous fuel, evolved in underwater carbon arcing, and characterized by significant heat content and substantial freedom of its combustion effluents from noxious gases and/or particulates, is similarly useful in whole or part as an additive to predominantly hydrocarbon fuels—whether in bulk storage or transport, flowing in a pipeline, fueling a cutting/welding torch, or fueling an internal-combustion engine. Dosing a predominantly hydrocarbon fuel with all or a selected part of such gaseous fuel mixture inhibits leakage and substantially diminishes noxious effluent gases and particulates as characteristic of the combustion of predominantly hydrocarbon fuels.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1998Date of Patent: October 9, 2001Assignees: Arcall, L.L.C.Inventors: William H. Richardson, Jr., James A. Wilcox, Douglas A. Palmer
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Patent number: 6083289Abstract: The use of pulverized coal as the fuel to be injected into metallurgical or combustion furnace becomes possible enabled by improving the transportability thereof. Further, a pulverized coal is provided, which is inhibiting from bridging or channeling in a hopper, or piping choking. A water-soluble inorganic salt having a polar group is made to adhere to pulverized coal which is prepared from raw coal having an average HGI of 30 or above and which is in a dry state at the injection port of a metallurgical or combustion furnace, The inorganic salt is selected from among BaCl.sub.2, CaCl.sub.2, Ca(NO.sub.2).sub.2, Ca(NO.sub.3).sub.2, Ca(ClO).sub.2, K.sub.2 CO.sub.3, KCl, MgCl.sub.2, MgSO.sub.4, NH.sub.4 BF.sub.4, NH.sub.4 Cl, (NH.sub.4).sub.2 SO.sub.4, Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3, NaCl, NaClO.sub.3, NaNO.sub.2, NaNO.sub.3, NaOH, Na.sub.2 S.sub.2 O.sub.3, Na.sub.2 S.sub.2 O.sub.5, HNO.sub.3, H.sub.2 SO.sub.4, H.sub.2 CO.sub.3, and HCl.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1998Date of Patent: July 4, 2000Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Reiji Ono, Takashi Nakaya, Yoshio Kimura, Tsunao Kamijo, Kenichi Miyamoto, Takashi Matoba, Hidemi Ohashi, Takehiko Ichimoto
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Patent number: 6067914Abstract: A method of operating a combustion unit of a coal-fired power plant operating according to a slag tap furnace firing method, which includes supplying a titanium-containing material in addition to coal to a melting chamber for accelerating coal burn-up, burning the titanium-containing material together with the coal in the melting chamber at a temperature above 1500.degree. C., and generating fly ash and molten ash as a result of combustion in the melting chamber. Additionally, a combustion unit for a coal-fired power plant, including a melting chamber that has a combustion zone for receiving coal. The combustion zone produces fly ash.Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 1998Date of Patent: May 30, 2000Assignees: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, STEAG AktiengesellschaftInventors: Erich Hums, Horst Spielmann, Ralf Gilgen
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Patent number: 5893946Abstract: A combustible carbonaceous composition and method of making a charcoal briquette wherein a finely divided carbonaceous material is combined with an activated carbon and/or an activated graphite (which may be formed in-situ during pyrolysis of the composition by reacting a humic-containing ore with a low VOC-containing carbon and/or graphite). The combustible carbonaceous composition is present in the briquette composition in an amount of about 65% to about 99.9% by weight; a binder is included in the composition in an amount of about 1% to about 15% by weight when forming a charcoal briquette or an igniter log; and the activated carbon and/or activated graphite is present in an amount of about 0.1% to about 20% by weight. The activated carbon and/or activated graphite absorbs most of the VOCs entitled from the combustible carbonaceous material, thereby preventing the VOCs from escaping to the atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1997Date of Patent: April 13, 1999Assignee: Amcol International CorporationInventor: Charles R. Landis
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Patent number: 5407560Abstract: A novel process is disclosed by which petroleum cokes and cracked oil can be produced by thermal cracking of a heavy petroleum oil to which a rare earth metal compound is added. The process produces petroleum cokes with an improved combustibility and promotes the yield of cracked oil at the same time.Type: GrantFiled: March 16, 1992Date of Patent: April 18, 1995Assignee: Japan Energy CorporationInventors: Shintaro Miyawaki, Kiyomi Ishii, Mamoru Yamane
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Patent number: 5332407Abstract: A diesel fuel composition comprising a major portion of a middle distillate fuel oil and a minor portion, effective to clean deposits from diesel fuel injectors, of a diesel fuel detergent comprising the reaction product of:(a) a 4-alkyl-2-morpholinone represented by the formula: ##STR1## in which R represents a monovalent aliphatic radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and(b) an alkylphenoxypolyoxyalkylene amine represented by the formula: ##STR2## in which R' represents a hydrocarbyl radical having from 4 to 30 carbon atoms, x has a value from 5 to 50, and R" represents a methyl radical or a mixture of hydrogen and methyl radicals.A method of cleaning diesel fuel injectors is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1992Date of Patent: July 26, 1994Assignee: Texaco Inc.Inventor: Sheldon Herbstman
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Patent number: 5252107Abstract: Disclosed are novel, environmentally safe fluids for the ignition of charcoals, the fluids consisting of either liquid terpenes or mixtures of terpenes and aliphatic alcohols, water, and surfactants, as well as methods of using the novel environmentally safe fluids.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1991Date of Patent: October 12, 1993Inventor: Joe S. Wilkins, Jr.
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Patent number: 4968324Abstract: Solid, finely divided fuels based on coal with a particle size distribution according to which at least 90% of the particles have a size of less than 90 .mu.m, whereby the fuel contains 0.1 to 5 wt % calcium compounds and 0.01 to 1 wt % of a halogen-free and sulfur-free water-soluble iron compound, each based on dry weight, plus calcium and iron, permit an effective reduction n nitrogen oxide emissions in combustion gases when produced in such a way that the coal is impregnated with a 5 to 60 wt % aqueous solution of the iron salt and separately from that is also impregnated with a 10 to 75 wt % solution or suspension of calcium hydroxide and water in the absence of briquetting or pelletizing binders and then is milled in a milling and drying installation and dried to a water content of less than 1 wt %.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1989Date of Patent: November 6, 1990Assignee: Deutsche BP AGInventors: Friedrich H. Franke, Michael J. Paersch
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Patent number: 4836117Abstract: High-temperature, attrition resistant, oxidation catalysts are disclosed. These catalysts are represented by the formula AMO.sub.w [(DO.sub.x)(EO.sub.y)a]z wherein A is an alkali or alkaline earth metal; M is V, Cr, Mo, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or a mixture of two or more thereof; D is Zr, Ti, Hf, Ce, Th, Pr, Nb, Ta, W, Re or a mixture of two or more thereof; E is Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, Y, La, Yb, Sm, Gd, Nd, Sc, V, Bi, Ce, Pr, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu or a mixture of two or more thereof; a is a number in the range of zero up to about 0.2; w is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirement of AM; x is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of D; y is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of E; and z is a number in the range of about 10 to about 100. The invention further provides for the use of such catalysts in processes involving the combustion of organic materials (e.g., carbonaceous fuels, organic waste materials, etc.Type: GrantFiled: January 15, 1988Date of Patent: June 6, 1989Assignee: The Standard Oil CompanyInventors: Raymond G. Teller, Ann M. Ebner, Christopher Bodolus, Victor R. Gupta
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Patent number: 4831942Abstract: The deactivation of a denitrating catalyst that is caused by exhaust gas dust in a boiler, a furnace or the like which employs a fossil fuel, particularly pulverized coal, can be controlled with excellent results by adding to a fuel at a mill installed in a coal fuel line or at a point upstream of the mill at least one iron compound in a small amount in the form of an aqueous solution, or a powder or water slurry containing coal particles, or in case of employing pulverized coal or heavy oil as a fuel by adding a mixture of an iron compound, a vanadium compound and a tungsten compound, said mixture being in the form of powder, a water slurry or an oil slurry of powder, or an aqueous solution.Type: GrantFiled: August 17, 1987Date of Patent: May 23, 1989Assignee: Toa Trading Co., Ltd.Inventors: Iwao Morimoto, Hiroshi Sasaki
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Patent number: 4824441Abstract: A method and composition are provided for decreasing emissions of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides upon combustion of carbonaceous fuel material. In particular, the composition comprises a refined coal, having low ash-forming material and inorganic sulfur content, a sulfur sorbent, a sulfation promoter, and a catalyst for the reaction of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide. Reduced emissions of sulfur oxides are achieved by combusting the composition in an oxygen restricted burner to lessen the effect of sorbent sintering while obtaining other advantages associated with mixing a sulfur sorbent with the carbonaceous material prior to combustion. Nitrogen oxides emissions are reduced by use of an oxygen restricted burner which lowers the flame temperature. Nitrogen oxides emissions are also reduced by lower flame temperatures resulting from endothermic reactions which are undergone by the sulfur sorbent and promoter.Type: GrantFiled: November 30, 1987Date of Patent: April 25, 1989Assignee: Genesis Research CorporationInventor: James K. Kindig
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Patent number: 4765259Abstract: The present invention provides a method for rendering coal more suitable for combustion in systems having electrostatic precipitators for removal of particulates from effluent combustion gas streams, which comprises contacting the coal with an aqueous solution of a sodium compound for a time sufficient to permit the sodium in said solution to react with the coal.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1987Date of Patent: August 23, 1988Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Thomas H. Colle, Ashok K. Moza
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Patent number: 4756719Abstract: A novel portable fuel composition comprises 10 parts by weight of combustible polymer such as polypropylene, 20-35 parts by weight of organic solvent such as petroleum solvent and 3-9 parts by weight of coarse powder of fiber material such as sawdust, and optionally metal powder and dye. The composition is convenient for carrying and has a high degree of viscosity and calorific value. It can be utilized as a fuel for camping, for emergency, for preheating of a liquid fuel stove, for a simple portable cooking stove, or as a starter for igniting firewood.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1985Date of Patent: July 12, 1988Assignee: Shinagawa Fuel Co., Ltd.Inventor: Yoshitami Saito