Abstract: The application of melanin to fabric improves resistance to chemical pass-through, with possible application in protective garments, shelters, and filtration materials.

Abstract: Described herein are modification of fabrics using a microwave initiation technique to produce a porous coating on the fibers providing adsorbent properties as well as the potential for further modification. In embodiments, the fabric incorporates a periodic mesoporous organosilica compound (PMO) optionally bound to a porphyrin or other functional group, and/or a catalyst or optical indicator.

Abstract: Described is the application of layer-by-layer (LbL) electrostatic assembly techniques to electrospun nanofibers in order to fabricate novel, breathable electrospun fiber-based chemical and biological detoxifying protective fabrics and filters. The combination of layer-by-layer electrostatic assembly and electrospinning technique allows one to take advantage of high specific surface area, light weight and breathability of electrospun fiber mats while simultaneously providing the versatility to incorporate different functional polyelectrolytes to achieve multifunctional coatings for both chemical and biological protection together. The functionalized fiber mats can be incorporated into breathable chemical and biological protective fabrics, filters and masks. In addition, LbL electrostatic coating of porous non-woven materials provides the versatility to generate multifunctional polymer-based membrane materials for other applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorption filter material with a multilayer construction, particularly with a permeable adsorptive barrier layer composite, preferably for ABC protective clothing, wherein the adsorption filter material has at least a first barrier layer having a plurality of openings and at least a second barrier layer having a plurality of openings, as well as an adsorption layer disposed between the first and second barrier layers, wherein the first and second barrier layers are disposed in such a manner, that the openings and the openings do not overlap and/or do not coincide. The adsorption filter material is very comfortable and, at the same time, offers excellent protection against chemical poisons.

Abstract: The invention relates to textile fibers at least partially covered with a nanometric-sized semiconducting material having photocatalytic properties for degrading chemical compounds, in particular chemical or biological agents, wherein said semiconducting material is in the form of nanostructure or nanocomposites with a one-dimensional morphology. The textile fibers can be used for application in the military, medical, and civilian domains, etc. The curves 60 and 62 respectively show the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds at the surface of textile fibers covered with nanostructures or nanocomposites having a one-dimensional morphology according to the invention, and nanoparticles having a granular morphology according to the prior art. The nanostructures are nanocomposites of the invention 60 are more efficient.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorption filter material (1) that provides protection against chemical toxins, chemical weapons and pollutants, with a preferably multi-layer composite construction (2). The layer construction (2) includes at least one planar support layer (3) with two opposing sides (3?, 3?) and an adsorption layer (4), provided on the support layer (3) made from a material which adsorbs chemical toxins, the surface of at least one of the both sides (3? and/or 3?) of the support layer (3) being modified by plasma treatment. The surface properties, in particular the surface finish and the surface reactivity can be adjusted and optimised to match the application by means of the plasma treatment.

Abstract: A protective agent suitable to protect the human skin against lesions caused by vesicants or other percutaneous chemical agents, particularly against sulfur mustard gas injury and VX intoxication, which comprises a protective-effective amount of a hydrophilic water-based cream, alone or together with one or more additives selected from among the group consisting essentially of polyols, mono-, oligo- or polysaccharides, and salts of organic or inorganic acids. The additive polyol may be glycol, propylene glycol, polyglycerol, glycerin, sorbitol, dulcitol, tritol, sorbitol or mannitol. The additive monosaccharide may be ribose, xylose, glucose, fructose, galactose or mannose. The additive oligosaccharide may be sucrose, maltose, lactose, raffinose or cellobiose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a textile sheetlike structure (1), in particular for protection against biological and chemical noxiants and poisons, such as biological and chemical warfare agents. The sheetlike structure (1) having a textile support layer (2) and a first sheetlike piece (3) of activated carbon fibers which is laminated onto the support layer (2), wherein the sheetlike structure (1) further comprises a second sheetlike piece (4) of activated carbon fibers which is laminated onto the support layer (2) such that edges of the two sheetlike pieces (3, 4) touch and/or overlap and wherein the two sheetlike pieces (3, 4) are joined together by the support layer (2). This provides a seamless joining together of two or more sheetlike pieces to form a continuous sheetlike structure of activated carbon fibers to provide an improved material for use in the production of protective articles.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorption filter material (1) that provides protection against chemical toxins, chemical weapons and pollutants, with a preferably multi-layer composite construction (2). The layer construction (2) includes at least one planar support layer (3) with two opposing sides (3?, 3?) and an adsorption layer (4), provided on the support layer (3) made from a material which adsorbs chemical toxins, the surface of at least one of the both sides (3? and/or 3?) of the support layer (3) being modified by plasma treatment. The surface properties, in particular the surface finish and the surface reactivity can be adjusted and optimised to match the application by means of the plasma treatment.

Abstract: The invention provides use of a polymer composition comprising polyethylenimine and one or both of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol co-ethylene for protection against harmful and/or noxious agents. The invention further provides a laminate suitable for providing protection against harmful and/or noxious agents, the laminate comprising a layer of a polymer composition comprising polyethylenimine and one or both of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol co-ethylene is also disclosed.

Abstract: A decontamination pad includes an adsorptive/absorptive knitted activated-carbon layer exposed on a first surface, an activated-carbon fabric attached to the other surface of the knitted layer and backed up an impermeable layer. The activated carbon is saturated with a non-hazardous CWA decontamination solvent as nonspecific means of decontaminating equipment and open-wounds is provided. The pad is packaged in a sealed, disposable plastic packet. The pad is thus a simple and immediate means of personal decontamination by applying the exposed surface of the knitted layer to the surface to be decontaminated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorbing material (1) with a protective function against chemical toxins, especially chemical warfare agents, the adsorbing material (1) comprising a multilayered layer construction (2), the layer construction (2) comprising at least one in particular sheetlike carrier layer (3) and, associated to the carrier layer (3), a barrier layer (4) which prevents or at least retards the passage of chemical poisons, the barrier layer (4) comprising on the one hand at least one adsorbing layer (5) based on an adsorbent for chemical poisons and especially on activated carbon, and, on the other hand, at least one at least essentially water and air impervious but water vapor pervious membrane (6) which retards the passage of chemical poisons or is at least essentially impervious to chemical poisons. The adsorbing material (1) has a high wear comfort, in particular good breathability, while at the same time having excellent protection against chemical poisons.

Abstract: A protective glove having a protective function against toxic chemical agents, especially chemical warfare agents, and a multilayer construction including a breathable layer is disclosed. The glove has a support layer and a barrier layer, which is assigned to the support layer and which faces the hand when the glove is worn, prevents or at least retards the passage of toxic chemical agents, and contains an adsorption layer based on an adsorbent material, such as activated carbon, which adsorbs toxic chemical agents. The barrier layer has, in addition to the adsorption layer, a membrane, which is at least preferably impermeable to water and air, but permeable to water vapor, and which retards the passage of toxic chemical agents or is at least essentially impermeable to toxic chemical agents. The membrane is arranged between the support layer and the adsorption layer.

Abstract: A gas and water vapor pervious adsorption filter material having a protective function against biological and chemical noxiants and poisons and a multilayered layer construction including a first sheetlike carrier layer, a second sheetlike carrier layer and, interposed between the first carrier layer and the second carrier layer, an adsorbing layer, the adsorbing layer comprising an activated carbon fiber fabric which is durably adhered to the first carrier layer and to the second carrier layer by means of an adhesive.

Abstract: A textile article having flame resistant properties includes a plurality of inherently flame resistant polyester fibers formed into a fabric, and a finish on the fabric including a cyclic phosphonate flame retardant. The finish imparts a property selected from the group consisting of: a molecularly bound antimicrobial agent which is an organosilane, a fluorochemical soil and fluid repellant, and the finished textile article has a flame resistance that passes the standard method NFPA 701-1996 edition testing protocol.

Abstract: A garment, in particular an undergarment, for persons in military and civil defense services is provided with a first nonwoven (1) of natural fibers or synthetic fibers, a second nonwoven (5) of natural or synthetic fibers and discrete flakes (4) of expanded graphite as a flame-retardant material, which are applied to at least one of the surfaces of the two nonwovens (1, 5).

Abstract: An article of clothing has a clothing part adapted to surround and cover a user's body, and a layer of a polymeric adsorbing material applied on the clothing part and formed so as to retain at least some toxic components of a poison gas so as to prevent penetration of the some toxic components to a user's body.

Abstract: There is disclosed the manufacture and use of nonwoven absorbent mats laminated with barrier film for manhole aprons. The absorbent aprons are used about manholes during routine maintenance of underground transformers, utility cables, etc. The nonwoven aprons are coated to prevent the absorbed liquid from leaching through. The mat is specially designed to absorb contaminated liquid very quickly. The nonwoven mat is made out of cotton shoddy fibers and/or a mixture of synthetic fibers and/or synthetic fibers only with film on one side. The mat has a 36-inch manhole opening in the center thereof. The mat is thin and lays flat to conform to the road. The thickness of the mat ranges from 0.075" to 0.25" in order to avoid any tripping hazard.

Abstract: A fibrous structure comprising a fibrous matrix with surrogate particles fixed to the fibrous matrix, is provided. Functionally active, fine particles are immobilized on the fixed surrogate particles.

Abstract: A laminate that restrains organic vapors, aerosols, and biological agents, where at least one layer is implemented as a barrier layer, wherein the barrier layer is implemented from cellulose-based polymers over its entire surface and the laminate is water-vapor permeable, as well as to the application of the laminate in clothing articles such as work clothing, work safety clothing, military protective clothing, gloves, work shoes, head coverings, and sweat suits, and in construction components for delimiting spaces, tents, emergency shelters, and storage sites for toxic materials is disclosed.