Abstract: A thermal protection system (TPM) for protecting a surface subject to high thermal load comprising a fiber substrate where the substrate is composed of woven or non-woven layers of fibers laminated together, or the substrate is formed by a process of three-dimensional weaving, wherein the fiber substrate has a variable density of fibers, with said density of fibers increasing across the thickness of the TPM, and further wherein the substrate is needled and coupled to an insulation backing.

Abstract: A rigid fabric sculpture and method of making, such that the rigid fabric sculpture includes a three-dimensional fabric element coated with a decorative resin. The method includes supporting a fabric element on a temporary support structure, molding the fabric element in a desired configuration, and applying decorative resin to the fabric element.

Abstract: A light-weight and impact-resistant composite material formed from a three-dimensional textile structure preform comprising at least three systems of yarns that define a plurality of interstices within the textile structure. A cellular matrix material impregnates the textile structure so as to fill the interstices of the three-dimensional textile structure and to coat at least a portion of the surface area thereof.

Abstract: An industrial fabric used in the form of an endless fabric belt to form and convey a nonwoven fiber web during the manufacture of a nonwoven fabric has a web-supporting surface which includes rough-surface yarns which inhibit movement, namely, slippage, of the nonwoven fiber web relative to the web-supporting surface. Preferably, the rough-surface yarns make long floats in one or both directions, that is, lengthwise and/or crosswise, on the web-supporting surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a woven webbing structure, which resists interwoven yarns from coming out from the surface of the webbing due to bending, or the like. This is achieved without any significant reduction in the strength or energy absorptivity of the webbing. The webbing includes warps that each have a cored yarn and a side yarn, and wefts interwoven therein. The cored yarn is set such that the elongation percentage thereof is smaller than, or the extensional rigidity thereof is larger than, that of the side yarn, and is twisted by single twisting or the like. As a result, unevenness is formed on the surface of the cored yarn and friction between the cored yarn and other yarns, that is, the side yarn or the weft increases. The frictional force between yarns functions for resisting free movement of the cored yarn due to bending of the webbing, thereby making it possible for the cored yarn to resist coming out from the surface of the webbing.

Abstract: A leader used to pull a seamable papermaker's fabric onto a paper machine comprising at least one section of material comprising yarns which are so oriented so as to distribute the load evenly across and down the fabric.

Abstract: A woven preform for a reinforced composite material which may be woven flat and folded into shape with the fibers at the fold being so woven so as to compensate for folding.

Abstract: A base material for a printed circuit board, and a printed circuit board constructed therefrom. The base material is formed from a three-dimensional orthogonally woven fabric having a crimp-free fiber architecture in the x-y plane and an integrated multi-layer structure. The base material comprises a first system of straight first fibers extending along a first direction in a first plane, a second system of straight second fibers extending along a second direction in a second plane parallel to the first plane, and a third system of third fibers extending along a third direction through the first and second systems and binding the first and second fibers thereof. A filler material coats a portion of the first, second and third systems. The printed circuit board comprises the base material and one or more conductive layers attached to surfaces of the base material.

Abstract: A network-like woven 3D fabric material includes select multilayer warp yarns occurring substantially linearly, the remainder multilayer warp yarns occurring in a helical configuration and two orthogonal sets of weft. This network-like fabric construction is made possible through a dual-directional shedding operation of the weaving process. Such a fabric may additionally incorporate non-interlacing multi-directionally oriented yarns across the fabric cross section to improve the fabric's mechanical performance. The produced 3D fabric material, which may be cut into any desired shape without the risk of splitting, may be used wholly or in parts in technical applications.

Abstract: A woven fabric (10) comprising at least one raveling-prone weave section (12) surrounded by raveling-resistant weave (14) such that said raveling-resistant weave defines the shape of said at least one raveling-prone weave section.

Abstract: Auto-joinable triple layer papermaker's forming fabrics which exhibit relatively low caliper values, good mechanical stability, and relatively high permeability. In one embodiment of the present invention, triple layer papermaker's forming fabrics having both top and bottom sets of machine direction and cross machine direction yarns are provided in which each yarn in the set of bottom machine directions yarns alternatively pairs with the two yarns in the set of bottom machine direction yarns that are woven immediately adjacent to it.

Abstract: A method and machine whereby a continuous-thread disk element from which to form composite materials is formed by winding a thread of reinforcing material about an axis to form a flat coil having a number of turns, and by locking the turns with respect to one another by means of binding threads wound about each turn; the turns being equally spaced with a given spacing by forming, simultaneously with the formation of the coil, a further two flat coils of spacer thread, which are removed from the reinforcing-thread coil once the binding threads are wound about the turns.

Abstract: A convertible fabric having improved acoustical and heat transfer properties comprising an elastomeric polymer coating on a double woven fabric. The double woven having the standard sateen weave and the backing fabric of a plain weave interconnected to the sateen weave fabric with one surface of the plain weave coated with an elastomeric polymer to provide air spaces between the fabrics of the double woven fabric.

Abstract: A light-weight and impact-resistant composite material formed from a three-dimensional textile structure preform comprising at least three systems of yarns that define a plurality of interstices within the textile structure. A cellular matrix material impregnates the textile structure so as to fill the interstices of the three-dimensional textile structure and to coat at least a portion of the surface area thereof.

Abstract: A yarn is formed from discontinuous parallel fibers which are not twisted and which are held together by a covering yarn of sacrificial material wound around the fibers. The fibers comprise an intimate mixture of fibers of at least two different natures selected from carbon fibers or pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile based carbon precursor fibers, or anisotropic or isotropic pitch based carbon precursor fibers, or phenolic or cellulosic based carbon precursor fibers, and ceramic fibers or ceramic precursor fibers. The mixture of fibers comprises, in its carbon state, at least 15% by weight of high strength fibers, having a tensile strength of at least 1500 MPa and a modulus of at least 150 MPa, and at least 15% by weight of fibers with a low Young's modulus of at most 100 GPa.

Abstract: Preferably configured in ridge and recess irregularity, the inventive article provides adsorption of malodor components in air and also dust collecting function. It comprises woven sheet having coarse three dimensional structure whose areas of sheet surface as well as internal fiber structure allowable to contact to incoming outer air are formed with a binder layer made of latex or emulsion or non-solvent adhesive and such binder layer is adhered with activated carbon particles partially exposed. The process of adhereing activated carbon particles is conveniently performed by a fluidizing bed. The inventive sheet form fabric incorporates the particles with a high void ratio and uniformity and thereby exhibits high adsorptive rate and capacity, and exceedingly low pressure loss with such result that it is applicable regardless of high or air wind rate. Preferable use is a filter element of air-conditioner for cars.

Abstract: A multilayer papermaking fabric having interwoven machine direction (MD) and cross-machine direction (CMD) yarns, the CMD yarns defining at least upper and lower CMD yarn subsets which are interwoven with the MD yarns in a repeat pattern such that the MD yarns have substantially more interweavings with the upper CMD yarn subset than with the lower CMD yarn subset. The upper subset CMD yarns define sheetside floats over at least seven MD yarns and each MD yarn interweaves with only two upper subset CMD yarns in a given repeat.

Abstract: Thee is provided an industrial single-layer or double-layer fabric which is free from a depression on the surface of an upper layer, has a large number of fiber supporting points, and is excellent in surface smoothness.

Abstract: A highly heat-resistant sintered SiC fiber bonded material free of a decrease in strength and less breakable at an ultra-high temperature over 1,400.degree. C., comprising inorganic fibers which are composed mainly of a sintered SiC crystal, contain at least one kind of metal atoms selected from the class consisting of metal atoms of the 2A, 3A and 3B groups of the periodic table and are bonded nearly in the close-packed structure and 1 to 50 nm boundary layers composed mainly of carbon which are present at the interface of fibers, the less breakable highly heat-resistant sintered SiC fiber-bonded material having a density of at least 2.7 g/cm.sup.3 and an elastic modulus of at least 200 GPa, and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fabric for the production of clothing from at least two different threads. For the creation of such a fabric, which has on one side substantially the properties determined by one thread and on the other side substantially the properties determined by the other thread or threads and has from each side substantially the visual appearance of a homogeneous fabric, according to the invention the fabric consists of an upper fabric and a lower fabric, the upper fabric being formed exclusively from one thread and the lower fabric exclusively from the other thread or threads, while the upper fabric is connected to the lower fabric by the attachment in places of individual threads of the lower fabric to threads of the side of the upper fabric adjacent the lower fabric, or the upper side of the fabric is formed mainly from one thread and the lower side of the fabric is formed mainly from the other thread or threads.

Abstract: A fibrous sheet for structure reinforcement comprising a sheet layer of reinforcing continuous filament bundles (1) arranged parallelly spaced out from each other, auxiliary covering yarns (3, 4) arranged on both sides of the sheet layer in such a manner that each of the covering yarns intersects respective reinforcing filament bundles (1) while meandering along the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing filament bundles on at least one side of the sheet layer and auxiliary chain-stitching yarns (6) which interconnects the auxiliary covering yarns on one side of the sheet layer with the auxiliary covering yarns on the other side of the sheet layer through individual spaces among adjacent reinforcing filament bundles in a warp knitting structure.

Abstract: A rigid three-dimensionally shaped fiber network structure having improved post-yield dimensional recovery is composed of a deformed textile fabric network structure containing: (A) at least one oriented, semi-crystalline monofilament yarn containing a thermoplastic polymer and disposed in the deformed fabric so as to provide a plurality of monofilament cross-over points therein; and (B) a cured crosslinkable resin impregnating the deformed network structure so as to effect bonding of all or substantially all of the monofilament cross-over points.

Abstract: A conveyor belt is described having a woven fabric backing which includes staple fiber yarn and includes a twill weave with an inclination angle of 10.degree. to 70.degree. relative to the moving direction of the conveyor belt, and in which adjacent yarns have the same direction of lay. In the woven fabric backing the staple fiber yarn is provided as warp yarn, each of which has the same direction of lay in its longitudinal direction, and adjacent yarns of which are alternately S and Z twisted. Additionally, elements which support the tensile forces are arranged in the conveyor belt, the elements being arranged in a woven fabric or being sheathed as threads by staple fibers. Since the staple fiber yarn of the warp of the woven fabric backing extends diagonally over the entire width of the conveyor belt, an endless support results even when the belt runs over an edge, and an absolutely uniform vibration-free conveyor belt movement having a low noise level is achieved even when the belt passes over an edge.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced composite structure and method for fabricating the composite, are described wherein four sets of mechanically flexible fibers are interwoven in a three-dimensional woven structure wherein each fiber is woven through the structure generally along one of the four directions defined generally parallel to a body diagonal of a cube, and wherein the woven structure is impregnated with polymeric, metallic or ceramic matrix material to form a composite material which is braced against deformation by shear applied in any orientation.

Abstract: A method and machine for rapidly manufacturing transverse diagonal three dimensional fabric in flat panels of variable thicknesses and cross sections, wide widths and continuous length consisting of a yarn guide plate that holds all longitudinal yarns in exact position, two rows of knitting needles, or sewing needles with loopers, that insert rows of transverse yarns at +45.degree. and -45.degree. in the transverse plane, a beat mechanism that moves the yarn guide plate to compact the transverse yarns, and a shift mechanism that moves both rows of needles alternately one row to the right and to the left to bind the right and left side edges of the fabric. A three-dimensional fabric pattern that is produced by this method and machines, which consists of multiple rows of longitudinal yarns held straight in the longitudinal plane, aligned exactly with the longitudinal axis, multiple rows of straight transverse diagonal yarns alternating at +45.degree. and -45.degree.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for production of a three-dimensional fabric including laminated fiber layers having a fiber arranged along axial lines and a connection yarn inserted into the fiber layers to connect the fiber layers with each other are described. The fiber layers are formed by arranging the fiber while folding the fiber back along the axial lines. The laminated fiber layers are formed by arranging the fiber along axial lines, by engaging the fiber to a plurality of restriction members located with a predetermined pitch on a frame so as to surround an area where the connection fiber is inserted into the fiber layers, and then folding the fiber back along the axial lines. A plurality of yarn inserting needles arranged in a series together with the connection fiber are simultaneously thrust into the fiber layers until a holding section of each yarn inserting needle projects outside of the fiber layers to make a loop of the connection yarn at each holding section.

Abstract: Process and machine for the manufacture of a composite material reinforced with a three-dimensional continuous fiber structure. A fiber bundle is positioned in direction Z. A plate fitted with fiber guides holds the fibers apart. Fiber layers arranged alternately according to directions X and Y are formed between the fibers of the bundle. The fiber layers fabrics are carried by combs (40a to 40d) which are displaced in the Z direction and pivoted in order to bring the spacing between the fibers of a same fabric to layer p(X) and q(Y) corresponding to the desired structure. The fibers undergo impregnation during displacement of the combs.

Abstract: The bedding of the present invention comprises a front cloth, a textural three-dimensional structure woven three-dimensionally, and a rear cloth. At least a portion of the fibers forming the front cloth the textural three-dimensional structure, and the rear cloth are electretic fibers containing microparticles of a substance having an electretic property, such as tourmaline. The front cloth, the textural three-dimensional structure, and the rear cloth are sewn together at their peripheral edges. The electretic fibers are affixed with ceramic microparticles of one or more types of ceramic such as cordierite, .beta.-spodumene, zirconia, zircon, magnesia and aluminum titanate.

Abstract: A laminated integrally woven on-machine-seamable papermaker's fabric includes two single-layer woven fabric plies sharing a common machine-direction (MD) yarn. The common MD yarn, which is the weft yarn on the loom during the weaving of the fabric by a modified endless weaving technique, forms seaming loops which join the plies to one another at the ends thereof. The fabric may be needled with a batt of staple fiber material. During the weaving of the press fabric, solvent-removable binder yarns join the two plies, which are accordingly integrally woven. When the weaving is completed, the solvent-removable binder yarns are removed through dissolution with an appropriate solvent, yielding the laminated structure. A batt of staple fiber material may be needled into and through the laminated structure. The papermaker's fabric may be used as a forming, press or dryer fabric, or as a base for a polymer-coated, paper industry process belt, such as a long nip press, sheet-transfer or calender belt.

Abstract: A textile insert consists of two layers (S.sub.1, S.sub.2) composed each of at least one partial layer (S.sub.1a, S.sup.1b, S.sub.2a, S.sub.2b). These layers are made of woven warp threads (1.sub.1a, 1.sup.1b, 1.sub.2a, 1.sub.2b) and woof threads (2.sub.1a, 2.sup.1b, 2.sub.2a, 2.sub.2b). Intermediate layers (Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z.sub.3) made of standing threads (4.sub.1, 4.sub.2, 4.sub.3) that extend at least in the longitudinal direction X lie between the partial layers. The whole system is held together by straight or curved connecting threads (3.sub.1, 3.sub.2). A stable textile insert is thus obtained that allows fibrous composite materials to be produced without distortion by a pultrusion process. Sections made of such fibrous composite materials are in addition highly resistant in all three directions.

Abstract: A base fabric structure and a press felt incorporating that base fabric structure, having at least one set of plied monofilament twist yarns in the cross machine direction. The base fabric structure may be a single base fabric, or it may be a base fabric assembly of more than one separately woven fabric layers, of which one, more than one, or all will have plied monofilament twist yarns in the cross machine direction.