Abstract: A reservoir of a light emitting element includes a storage container accommodating a material in which at least one light emitting element is dispersed. A first electrode and a second electrode are spaced apart from each other in the inside of the storage container. A power supply is electrically coupled to each of the first electrode and the second electrode to apply a power source corresponding to each of the first electrode and the second electrode. Holes are formed in each of the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel, which displays an image; a panel driver, which drives the display panel; and a driving controller, which controls a drive of the panel driver. The driving controller includes a compensation determination block and a data compensation block. The compensation determination block is activated after a still image is displayed for a predetermined time or more and generates a compensation value based on a final afterimage component calculated using an afterimage algorithm obtained by a combination of a first afterimage calculation equation and a second afterimage calculation equation. The data compensation block receives an image signal with respect to a target image and reflects the compensation value to the image signal to generate a compensation image signal.

Abstract: A method for repairing a broken wire, a substrate and a display device are provided. The method is adopted for electrically connecting a first conductive point and a second conductive point separated from each other on a substrate. The method includes: forming a conductive polymer precursor thin film to physically connect the first conductive point and the second conductive point; and performing a polymerizing process on the conductive polymer precursor thin film to form a conductive polymer electrically connecting the first conductive point and the second conductive point.

Abstract: This application relates to an apparatus and a device for applying a voltage to a substrate. The apparatus for applying a voltage to a substrate includes: a plurality of movable voltage-application fixtures, including: a voltage-application unit, configured to electrically come into contact with a substrate, where a bottom of a base includes a linkage joining portion; and a transmission unit, including: a linkage structure, a rail structure, and a driving component, where the driving component may output power to drive the linkage structure, the linkage structure may perform a relative motion on the rail structure, and the linkage structure may be combined with the linkage joining portion, and drive, by means of a power output of the driving component, the voltage-application unit to move, so that the voltage-application probes move to a particular position to apply a voltage to the substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first insulation substrate; a second insulation substrate facing the first insulation substrate; a liquid crystal layer between the first insulation substrate and the second insulation substrate; a pixel electrode on the first insulation substrate; a first alignment layer on the pixel electrode; a cross-linking portion where separation type of reactive mesogens in a surface of the first alignment layer are coupled with one another; a common electrode between the liquid crystal layer and the second insulation substrate; and a second alignment layer between the liquid crystal layer and the common electrode; and wherein liquid crystal molecules to be adjacent to the first alignment layer and liquid crystal molecules to be adjacent to the second alignment layer have different pre-tilt angles, and wherein at least one of the separation type of reactive mesogens is coupled with an ammonium-based material.

Abstract: A system for measuring intensity distribution of light includes a carbon nanotube array and an imaging element. The carbon nanotube array is placed in an environment of inert gas or a vacuum environment. The carbon nanotube array absorbs photons of a light source and radiates radiation light. The imaging element is used to image the radiation light. The carbon nanotube array is between the light source and the imaging element.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a transparent display device including: forming a pixel between a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate, the pixel including a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates, applying a first voltage having a frequency lower than a reference frequency to the liquid crystal layer to drive liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer as positive liquid crystal molecules, applying a second voltage having a frequency higher than the reference frequency to the liquid crystal layer to drive the liquid crystal molecules as negative liquid crystal molecules, and pre-tilting the liquid crystal molecules operated as the negative liquid crystal in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode includes a display substrate assembly including an organic light emitting element; an encapsulation substrate assembly disposed on the display substrate assembly with a space therebetween and sealed with the display substrate assembly in a vacuum-tight manner; and a filling agent filling the space between the display substrate assembly and the encapsulation substrate assembly. The filling agent is adapted to selectively absorb external light entering through the encapsulation substrate assembly and incident on the organic light emitting element as a function of wavelength in a wavelength band of the external light to control transmittance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal (LC) medium, to its use for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, especially in LC displays of the PS (“polymer sustained”) or PSA (“polymer sustained alignment”) type, and to LC displays, especially PS or PSA displays, comprising said LC medium.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition including an alkenyl liquid crystal and an antioxidant component including at least one selected from an antioxidant and a derivative thereof. In an embodiment, the antioxidant component is present in an amount of greater than 0 ppm and equal to or less than about 10,000 ppm relative to the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The application discloses a method for manufacturing a luminescent panel including a luminescent area provided with emission pixels arranged in row and column directions. The manufacturing method includes a first step of dividing the luminescent area into segment areas so that each of the segment areas includes at least one of the emission pixels; a second step of selecting a part of the segment areas as a first area, and the segment areas adjacent to the first area in the row and column directions as second areas; and a third step of aging the emission pixel in the first area by energization to generate an aging area.

Abstract: The present invention relates an aligning voltage applying device and a method for applying an aligning voltage. The aligning voltage applying device includes a base, probe pins, and a pressing plate module. The pressing plate module includes a pressing plate and a driving unit. The aligning voltage applying device and the method for applying the aligning voltage of the present invention can make the probe pins contact pads effectively without damage to the probe pins and an LCD substrate.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for an organic light-emitting element includes: a first step of forming a first electrode, and forming an organic layer including a light-emitting layer; a second step of forming a second electrode, and thereby forming an element structure including the first electrode, the organic layer, and the second electrode; and a third step of performing an aging process by applying electric power between the first electrode and the second electrode in the element structure. a duration of the application of electric power in the third step is determined as the time elapsed before a time point at which a rate of decrease in a luminance of the light-emitting layer is substantially equal to a rate of decrease in a luminance of the element structure.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an organic EL element wherein a leak current is reduced, the visual quality is high, and the heat resistance is high. The method for producing an organic EL element formed by holding at least an organic light emitting layer between a pair of electrodes is comprised of an energization treatment process (S3) for energizing the organic EL element while the organic EL element is heated, and a storage treatment process (S4) for storing the organic EL element while the organic EL element is heated. Further, the method for producing an organic EL element is characterized in that the energization treatment process (S3) and the storage treatment process (S4) are performed in an atmosphere having a temperature of 80 DEG C. or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides to a liquid crystal panel, which comprises: a first substrate, a second substrate, a coplanar transparent electrode layer and a liquid crystal layer. The first and second substrates have a first and second alignment films, respectively. The coplanar transparent electrode layer is disposed onto the second alignment film. The liquid crystal layer is disposed in a space between the first alignment film of the first substrate and the coplanar transparent electrode layer of the second substrate. The liquid crystal film comprises positive liquid crystal molecules and reactive mesogens (RMs). The liquid crystal panel of the present invention can overcome the problems of pollution and static electricity generated from the rubbing alignment in the IPS mode. In comparison with the PSVA mode, the present invention can simplify the manufacturing process and provide the advantages of high contrast, high response speed and wide viewing angle.

Abstract: A discharge lamp having an improved run-up time is disclosed. In an embodiment, the discharge lamp includes a light-transmissive discharge tube extending from a first end to a second end and having an inner surface and an outer surface, a phosphor coating layered onto the inner surface of the discharge tube, and a fill gas composition capable of sustaining a discharge sealed within the discharge tube. Also included is a resistive heating wire positioned about the outer surface of the discharge tube. In some embodiments, a lamp driver circuit is included that operates when the lamp is turned ON to provide power to electrodes in the discharge tube and to provide power to the resistive heating wire, and operates to disconnect power from the resistive heating wire when the discharge lamp achieves a predetermined percentage of its stabilized lumen output.

Abstract: In a device according to the present invention, a first conductive electrode layer being patterned and light transmissive is formed on a light-transmissive substrate and a laminated layer containing a plurality of organic-compound layers is formed so as to cover at least a part of the first electrode layer. The laminated layer is partly removed so that the first electrode layer is partly exposed. At least one layer containing a second conductive electrode layer is formed on the laminated layer and the exposed part of the first electrode layer. A part of the laminated layer and a part of the second electrode layer are simultaneously removed by application of a laser beam from a side of the substrate, so that a plurality of light-emitting sections are electrically connected in series on the substrate.

Abstract: In a high-pressure discharge lamp including a ceramic discharge vessel, a secure connection between a hybrid antenna as starting aid and a leadthrough of the discharge vessel is provided by virtue of the fact that a means between leadthrough and extension limits the ohmic resistance between leadthrough and hybrid antenna preferably to at most 100?.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrical processing apparatus and method for electrically processing a display panel having an organic light-emitting layer. The method for electrically processing a display panel having an organic light-emitting layer includes dividing a light-emitting region of the display panel into a plurality of regions; and applying a voltage to at least one region of the plurality of regions where an amplitude of the voltage exceeds an amplitude of a driving voltage of the display panel. The electrical processing apparatus includes a display panel comprising an organic light-emitting layer, a light emitting region, and a plurality of regions, the plurality of regions being defined by dividing the light emitting region; a jig for holding the display panel; and a current supplying portion, wherein the current supplying portion supplies a current individually to each of the plurality of regions.

Abstract: A curing device comprises a reaction chamber, a workbench provided at a bottom of the reaction chamber, an ultraviolet lamp provided at the top of the reaction chamber for irradiating the workbench, and a light shielding plate provided under the ultraviolet lamp for shielding the second area of the workbench from the light of the ultraviolet lamp. The workbench comprises a first area and a second area surrounded by the first area, the first area corresponds to a non-display area of a display panel to be produced, and the second area corresponds to the display area of the display panel to be produced. The workbench comprises a heating device.

Abstract: An object hereof is to provide a method of making, a gap, which can provide good electron-emitting properties, simply, with low electric power and in short time. A method of fabricating an electron-emitting device, including a process of flowing a current in electroconductive film containing first particles and second particles including resistance lower than resistance of the first particle and thereby forming a gap in a portion of the above described electroconductive film, wherein the ratio of the above described first particle contained in the above described film is not less than 2% and not more than 30% and the ratio of resistance of the above described first particle to resistance of the above described second particle is not less than 5 and not more than 1000.

Abstract: Heavier noble gases such as xenon and argon can reduce the run-in period for vacuum tubes and in particular flame detector tubes. The tubes can be filled with a run-in gas and then run-in. The run-in gas can then be exchanged for an end gas, such as neon, and the tube sealed. A final conditioning step of running in the tube with the end gas can further smooth the tube's anode and cathode to thereby improve performance and operating life.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display apparatus including an organic electroluminescence device formed on a substrate, the organic electroluminescence device including a first electrode and a second electrode, at least one of which is transparent, and an organic emission layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic emission layer being for emitting light by application of a current. Aging is performed until a rate of change in current efficiency of the organic electroluminescence device per unit time at a predetermined luminance or the amount of change per unit time in the rate of change in current efficiency of the organic electroluminescence device per unit time falls within a predetermined range.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a field emission electrode includes humidification processing to absorb water at a surface of an electron emission film emitting electrons as a result of application of a voltage, and voltage application processing to apply an aging voltage between the humidified electron emission film and an electrode provided facing the electron emission film.

Abstract: A method of aging a field emission device including a cathode and an anode arranged parallel to each other, an emitter arranged on the cathode to emit electrons to the anode, and a gate electrode arranged on the cathode adjacent to the emitter, the method including: supplying a voltage to the cathode; supplying a voltage to the gate; and then supplying a sufficiently low voltage to the anode so as to prevent a short-circuited portion between the cathode and the gate electrode from being permanently damaged due to an overcurrent.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method of aging a plasma display panel. The aging method of the present invention contains a first aging period and a second aging period. In the first aging period, applying voltage Vd1 to at least any one of the scan electrodes, the sustain electrodes, and the address electrodes suppress self-erase discharge that occurs in the wake of aging voltage generated by application of voltage in which the scan electrodes take a voltage level higher than the sustain electrodes. In the second aging period, applying voltage Vd2 to at least any one of the scan electrodes, the sustain electrodes, and the address electrodes suppress self-erase discharge that occurs in the wake of aging voltage generated by application of voltage in which the sustain electrodes take a voltage level higher than the scan electrodes. The above aging method offers a power-efficient aging process with the aging time accelerated.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an image displaying apparatus having a display panel. A first substrate of the display panel on which a phosphor exciter is disposed and a second substrate of the display panel on which phosphors emitting light by the phosphor exciter is provided, are prepared under a vacuum atmosphere. Then, the first and the second substrates are carried in a getter processing chamber or bake processing chamber, and getter processing or bake processing is applied thereto under the vacuum atmosphere. After the processing, the first and the second substrates are carried in a seal processing chamber, where the substrates are heat sealed under the vacuum atmosphere. Thus, reduction of vacuum exhaust time and a high vacuum degree in manufacturing an image displaying apparatus is attained and efficiency of manufacturing is improved.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display apparatus, the method including: forming an organic light emitting device including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an intermediate layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, on a substrate, the intermediate layer including an organic light emitting layer and an electron transport layer (ETL) containing an alkali metallic compound on the organic light emitting layer; sealing the organic light emitting device; and aging the organic light emitting device, wherein the aging includes thermal treatment at a temperature from about 80 to about 150 degrees C.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a field emission includes: providing a CNT array; drawing a bundle of CNTs from the CNT array to form a CNT yarn; soaking the CNT yarn into an organic solvent, and shrinking the CNT yarn into a CNT string after the organic solvent volatilizing; applying a voltage between two opposite ends of the CNT string; bombarding a predetermined point of the CNT string by an electron emitter, until the CNT string snapping; and attaching the snapped CNT string to a conductive base, and achieving a field emission electron source. The field emission efficiency of the field emission electron source is high.

Abstract: A method of producing an electron emission device having a low threshold electric field needed to emit electrons without unintentional electron emission includes a first step of preparing a first conductive film, second conductive film, and a material which constitutes an electron emission part connected to the first conductive film, and a second step of setting a threshold electric field strength, which is needed to start electron emission in a situation where a higher electric potential is applied to the first conductive film than that applied to the second conductive film, to a value greater than a threshold electric field strength, which is needed to start electron emission in a situation where a higher electric potential is applied to the second conductive film than that applied to the first conductive film.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for neutralizing the charge on a spacer (22, 38) positioned between an anode (12) and a cathode plate (24) within a flat panel display includes emitting electrons from the cathode plate (24) toward the anode (12), and applying electromagnetic radiation to the spacer (22, 38) to neutralize the charge caused by electrons striking the spacer (22, 38). The electromagnetic radiation may be emitted from a source such as a light emitting diode (34), or a phosphor layer (54) or region (62) on the anode (12).

Abstract: An effective voltage V? effectively applied to a gap 7 during an “activation step” is controlled to a desired value. In the “activation step”, a voltage is repeatedly applied between a first electroconductive film 4a and a second electroconductive film 4b while controlling voltages outputted from a voltage source 51 so that a value ?effect becomes a desired value.

Abstract: In a producing method for an electron beam emitting device, a position of a stray emission source constituting an unnecessary electron emitting part on a cathode substrate is detected, and an energy is locally applied to the detected position thereby eliminating the stray emission source, thereby providing an excellent electron beam apparatus without a deterioration in a constituent member or a trouble by an accidental discharge.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL element includes applying a reverse bias to an organic EL element with an inverse layered structure until a current density of the organic EL element at an impressed voltage of 10 V reaches 0.075 mA/cm2 or more.

Abstract: Heavier noble gases such as xenon and argon can reduce the run-in period for vacuum tubes and in particular flame detector tubes. The tubes can be filled with a run-in gas and then run-in. The run-in gas can then be exchanged for an end gas, such as neon, and the tube sealed. A final conditioning step of running in the tube with the end gas can further smooth the tube's anode and cathode to thereby improve performance and operating life.

Abstract: A fabrication process is provided for reducing leakage current in a field emission display having at least one electron emitter (24) electrically coupled to a ballast resistor (16) coupled to a cathode metal (14), wherein at least one defect (28) extends to a gate electrode (20) from a region (22) electrically coupled to the ballast resistor, the method comprising heating (32) to reduce the resistance of the ballast resistor; and applying (34) a voltage between the cathode metal and the gate electrode thereby creating a current through the at least one defect to create an electrical open therein.

Abstract: In the aging process performed by applying a voltage having an alternating voltage component between a scan electrode and a sustain electrode, an erase discharge occurs in succession to an aging discharge. According to the aging method, an erase discharge-suppressing voltage is applied to at least any one of the scan electrode, the sustain electrode, and the data electrode. Although the erase discharge repeatedly occurs in the wake of the aging discharge, the erase discharge-suppressing voltage suppresses the ones that occur when the scan electrode has voltage level higher than the sustain electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an electron-emitting device, comprising a step for forming a polymer film between a pair of electrodes formed on a substrate, a step for giving conductivity to the polymer film by heating, and a step for providing potential difference between the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of manufacturing an image displaying apparatus including an electron source substrate and a phosphor substrate. The electron source substrate is provided with an electron emitting element formed by covering with a container and by applying a voltage to an electronic conductor on the substrate. While, the phosphor substrate is provided with a phosphor thereon. The substrates are subjected to a getter processing and to a seal bonding process under a vacuum condition through a processing chamber, to complete an image forming apparatus. An improvement resides in miniaturizing and simplifying operation, and in greater manufacture speed and mass production.

Abstract: A control method for pre-warning an aging electric discharge lamp includes the steps of determining a performance parameter of an electric discharge lamp, inputting the performance parameter into an arithmetic logic unit as a standard value of the electric discharge lamp, using a detector to detect an operating performance parameter of the electric discharge lamp, and comparing a performance parameter with the operating performance parameter by the arithmetic logic unit, and if the operating performance parameter matches an aging state of the performance parameter set in the arithmetic logic unit, then the arithmetic logic unit will output an aging signal of the electric discharge lamp as a warning, and thus users can change the aging electric discharge lamp before the electric discharge lamp breaks down.

Abstract: In an aging process in which a voltage having an alternate voltage component is applied to at least between a scan electrode and a sustain electrode so as to form a discharge dent (sputter dent) on a protecting layer, the aging discharge dent is formed so as to satisfy any one of the following. First, the discharge dent on the scan electrode-side has a width which is narrower than the discharge dent on the side of sustain electrode. Second, the discharge dent on the side of sustain electrode is formed so that the depth of the discharge dent in the area away from a scan electrode paired with a sustain electrode as a display electrode is shallower than the depth of the discharge dent in the area close to counterpart scan electrode.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is provided that includes scan electrodes, sustain electrodes, and address electrodes. A first pulse voltage for the address electrodes or a second pulse voltage for the address electrodes is applied to the address electrodes in an aging step in which aging discharge is performed by alternately applying pulse voltage for the scan electrodes and pulse voltage for the sustain electrodes at least across the scan electrodes and the sustain electrodes. The first pulse voltage has a rising edge timing synchronized with a rising edge timing of the pulse voltage for the scan electrodes and a pulse width smaller than that of the pulse voltage for the scan electrodes. The second pulse voltage has a rising edge timing synchronized with a rising edge timing of the pulse voltage for the sustain electrodes and a pulse width smaller than that of the pulse voltage for the sustain electrodes.

Abstract: In an aging process in which a voltage having an alternate voltage component is applied to at least between a scan electrode and a sustain electrode so as to form a discharge dent (sputter dent) on a protecting layer, the aging discharge dent is formed so as to satisfy any one of the following. First, the discharge dent on the scan electrode-side has a width which is narrower than the discharge dent on the side of sustain electrode. Second, the discharge dent on the side of sustain electrode is formed so that the depth of the discharge dent in the area away from a scan electrode paired with a sustain electrode as a display electrode is shallower than the depth of the discharge dent in the area close to counterpart scan electrode.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an image displaying apparatus having a display panel. A first substrate of the display panel on which a phosphor exciter is disposed and a second substrate of the display panel on which phosphors emitting light by the phosphor exciter is provided, are prepared under a vacuum atmosphere. Then, the first and the second substrates are carried in a getter processing chamber or bake processing chamber, and getter processing or bake processing is applied thereto under the vacuum atmosphere. After the processing, the first and the second substrates are carried in a seal processing chamber, where the substrates are heat sealed under the vacuum atmosphere. Thus, reduction of vacuum exhaust time and a high vacuum degree in manufacturing an image displaying apparatus is attained and efficiency of manufacturing is improved.

Abstract: In an electron source manufacturing apparatus, the quantity of heat generated from an electron source substrate is measured. A temperature of a support member for the electron source substrate is controlled based on the measured quantity of heat generated. A variation in performances of electron source substrates is suppressed, which increase their life.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of manufacturing plasma display panels for carrying out aging with high productivity. In an aging process for applying a predetermined voltage and driving plasma display panels 21 for display operation, each plasma display panel is set into an aging unit provided with cooling means, and the aging is carried out on the plasma display panel while cooling the plasma display panel by the cooling means provided in the aging unit. This method can thus reduce temperature rise of the panel and prevent the panel from being cracked during the aging process.

Abstract: A PDP with superior light-emitting characteristics and color reproduction is achieved by setting the chromaticity coordinate y (the CIE color specification) of light to 0.08 or less, more preferably to 0.07 or less, or 0.06 or less, enabling the color temperature of light to be set to 7,000K or more, and further to 8,000K or more, 9,000K or more, or 10,000K or more. The PDP is manufactured by a method in which the processes for heating the fluorescent substances such as the fluorescent substance baking, sealing material temporary baking, bonding, and exhausting processes are performed in the dry gas atmosphere, or in an atmosphere in which a dry gas is circulated at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A PDP with superior light-emitting characteristics and color reproduction is achieved by setting the chromaticity coordinate y (the CIE color specification) of light to 0.08 or less, more preferably to 0.07 or less, or 0.06 or less, enabling the color temperature of light to be set to 7,000K or more, and further to 8,000K or more, 9,000K or more, or 10,000K or more. The PDP is manufactured by a method in which the processes for heating the fluorescent substances such as the fluorescent substance baking, sealing material temporary baking, bonding, and exhausting processes are performed in the dry gas atmosphere, or in an atmosphere in which a dry gas is circulated at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Methods and devices for accelerated light stability testing are described. The method comprises exposing a component to light having a total irradiance at wavelengths between 300 nm and 500 nm wherein the irradiance at wavelengths ranging from 300 nm to 350 nm is less than 3.1% of the total irradiance; the irradiance at wavelengths ranging from greater than 350 nm to 380 nm ranges from 0.2% to 2.2% of the total irradiance; the irradiance at wavelengths ranging from greater than 380 nm to 420 nm ranges from 4.5% to 9.1% of the total irradiance; and the irradiance at wavelength ranging from greater than 420 nm to 500 nm ranges from about 86% to about 95% of the total irradiance.

Abstract: A polymer or organic light emitting display may be formed on a substrate by patterning the light emitting material using a screen printing technique. In this way, displays may be formed economically, overcoming the difficulties associated with photoprocessing light emitting materials. A binary optic material may be selectively incorporated into sol gel coatings coated over light emitting elements formed from the light emitting material. A tricolor display may be produced using a light emitting material that produces a single color.