Abstract: A method of wireless communication performed by a first transmission device includes determining a set of spectrum sharing parameters based on sensing performed during a sensing period of a current time slot in a fixed contention based spectrum sharing system. The first transmission device shares a spectrum with a second transmission device. The method also includes determining, at a first artificial neural network of the first transmission device, a transmission device action, and/or a transmission parameter in response to receiving the set of spectrum sharing parameters. The method further includes transmitting, from the first transmission device, to a first receiving device during a data transmission phase of the current time slot based on the transmission device action and/or the transmission parameter.

Abstract: Various embodiments generally may relate to Load Balancing Optimization (LBO) and Mobility Robustness Optimization (MRO). Some embodiments of this disclosure are directed to the following 5G SON solutions: use cases and requirements for the management of distributed LBO and centralized LBO; procedures for the management of distributed LBO and centralized LBO; and management services and information needed to support the management of distributed LBO and centralized LBO.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for machine learning based channel state information (CSI) estimation and feedback configuration are provided. A method may include learning channel state information feedback from one or more user equipment as time series data. The method may also include building a predictive model for user equipment feedback based on the learned channel state information feedback. The method may further include configuring a channel state information trigger with the one or more user equipment based on the predictive model. In addition, the method may include signaling predicted channel state information to the one or more user equipment.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus in a wireless communication system are provided. Configuration information is received on resource pools in multiple carriers for a vehicle to everything (V2X) sidelink communication. At least one carrier is selected for transmission among the multiple carriers. An order of the at least one carrier is determined according to a decreasing order based on a highest priority of a sidelink traffic channel. A set of candidate resources associated with each of the at least one carrier is determined according to the determined order. A candidate resource is excluded from the set of candidate resources, in case that the candidate resource is not supported due to a limitation of a user equipment (UE) in supported carrier combinations.

Abstract: It must be understood that such structure comprising CP1 and CS1 is implicitly there, even if the transmitter only explicitly prepends a CP1. Indeed, and explained by example of a full duplex multicarrier system, the receiver will still be required to discard a number of samples equivalent to a cyclic suffix from the received time samples of each symbol to obtain orthogonality with the echo received from the transmit symbols.

Abstract: A mode switching method in a WI-FI network includes after a terminal device accesses a WI-FI network, the terminal device communicates, in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mode, with an access point that provides an access service of the WI-FI network. The terminal device obtains first received signal strength and a first throughput of the WI-FI network in the MIMO mode, and when the first received signal strength is greater than a first strength threshold and the first throughput is less than a first throughput threshold, the terminal device switches from the MIMO mode to the single-input single-output (SISO) mode.

Abstract: An apparatus distributing communication load over a plurality of communication cells may select action centers from random cell reselection values, based on a standard deviation of an internet protocol (IP) throughout over the plurality of communication cells; input a first vector indicating a communication state of a communication system and a second vector indicating the standard deviation of the IP throughout of the plurality of communication cells, to a neural network to output a sum of the action centers and offsets as cell reselection parameters; and transmit the cell reselection parameters to the communication system to enable a base station of the communication system to perform a cell reselection based on the cell reselection parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are new radio (NR) Data link architecture options including, for example, NR radio bearer models, NR logical channel models, and MAC and HARQ models. Further described are packet flows mapping to data radio bearers (DRBs), and a new flow encapsulation protocol in the user plane. In some embodiments, DRBs with different quality of service (QoS) are pre-established, but not activated. This allows a given user equipment (UE) to use these DRBs for packet data network (PDN) flows without a large overhead. Pre-established DRBs can be an extension to default bearer concept with the decision of pre-establishment of DRBs based on UE capability, subscription profile, operation policy, installed apps, etc.

Abstract: What is disclosed is a device for determining a piece of information on a position of a transmitter, comprising an antenna device, a signal processing device and a data processing device. Thus, the antenna device comprises several different directional characteristics, the directional characteristics each relating to at least a set of spatially different receive sensitivities of the antenna device. The antenna device receives signals from the transmitter with different directional characteristics, the signal processing device processing the signals received and establishing a respective amplitude value of a field strength. The data processing device establishes the information on the position of the transmitter based on the directional characteristics and the amplitude values having been established for the associated signals received. Additionally, a corresponding method is disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure provides a method and a device for multi-carrier data transmission.

Abstract: Techniques for network-based and sender-based data packet prioritization for downlink transmissions are discussed herein. Packets can be tagged or associated with information indicative of a priority of the packet for downlink transmission to a user equipment (UE). A priority level can be determined based on an application identifier or type associated with a data request, a level of user interaction with the UE, network conditions, and other factors. Packets can be received by a PDCP layer of a base station for sending based on the priority. Packets may be associated with a primary priority level associated with a QCI level and a secondary priority level based on UE and/or network factors discussed herein. Packets associated with a same QCI may be prioritized to optimize transmission of downlink data associated with a single UE or between transmission of downlink data associated with a plurality of UEs.

Abstract: Cross-optimization in wireless mobile networks. In an embodiment, a demand map is received for each of a plurality of networks. The demand map represents demand at a plurality of geographic locations in at least one cell of the network. Based on the demand maps, an optimal transfer of demand is generated between the plurality of networks at one or more of the plurality of geographic locations at which the plurality of networks overlap. Then, one or more parameters, to be used by at least one of the plurality of networks in a handover procedure, is determined, so as to produce the optimal transfer of demand between the plurality of networks at the one or more geographic locations at which the plurality of networks overlap.

Abstract: Provided is a base station capable of suppressing increase of overhead of allocation result report in frequency scheduling in multi-carrier communication and obtaining a sufficient frequency diversity effect. In the base station, encoding units (101-1 to 101-n) encode data (#1 to #n) to mobile stations (#1 to #n), modulation units (102-1 to 102-n) modulate the encoded data so as to generate a data symbol, a scheduler (103) performs frequency scheduling according to a CQI from each mobile station so as to uniformly allocate data to the respective mobile stations for a part of RB extracted from a plurality of RB, and an SCCH generation unit (105) generates control information (SCCH information) to report the allocation result in the scheduler (103) to the respective mobile stations.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) may transmit a service request using a first frequency band, the first frequency band being paired to a second frequency band to operate using frequency division duplex (FDD). The UE may further transmit a setup message over the second frequency band, the setup message indicating a third time division duplex (TDD) frequency band for communication. The UE may receive downlink data simultaneously over the second frequency band and the third TDD frequency band, wherein multimedia data is received on the third TDD frequency band.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services.

Abstract: A that includes receiving, by a user equipment (UE) from a first base station, on a first carrier, a synchronization sequence (SS) and performing a radio resource management (RRM) measurement in accordance with the SS. The method also includes performing cell selection and mobility support in accordance with the RRM measurement, when the UE is in idle mode and generating an RRM measurement report in accordance with the RRM measurement and transmitting, by the UE to the first base station on the first carrier, the RRM measurement report, when the UE is in connected mode.

Abstract: A controller that processes signals in a baseband frequency band is described. The controller includes a plurality of processing engines (PEs). The controller also includes a distributor/load balancer that includes at least one processor or processing core. The at least one processor or processing core is configured to (1) enter a first mode in which each new UE session is assigned to a PE that is currently processing a fewest number of UE sessions; (2) determine whether a processing load differential between a least loaded PE and a highest loaded PE exceed a first threshold for at least a time threshold; and (3) in response to the processing load differential between the least loaded PE and the highest loaded PE exceeding the first threshold for at least the time threshold, enter a second mode in which each new UE session is assigned to the least loaded PE.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are new radio (NR) Data link architecture options including, for example, NR radio bearer models, NR logical channel models, and MAC and HARQ models. Further described are packet flows mapping to data radio bearers (DRBs), and a new flow encapsulation protocol in the user plane. In some embodiments, DRBs with different quality of service (QoS) are pre-established, but not activated. This allows a given user equipment (UE) to use these DRBs for packet data network (PDN) flows without a large overhead. Pre-established DRBs can be an extension to default bearer concept with the decision of pre-establishment of DRBs based on UE capability, subscription profile, operation policy, installed apps, etc.

Abstract: A first node operates in a network. The first node sends a polling message to a second node over a link at a first data rate, receiving an acknowledgement message from the second node. Based at least in part on receiving the acknowledgement message, the first node determines the second node is available to receive an information message. Based at least in part on the determining the second node is available to receive the information message, the first node sends the information message to the second node over the link at a second data rate. The second data rate is based at least on an indication of observed behavior of the link and the first data rate is based at least on the second data rate. For example, the first node may determine the first data rate to be a next slowest available data rate than the second data rate.

Abstract: Systems and methods include obtaining data associated with operation of a Wi-Fi network, via a network interface connected to the one or more processors; analyzing the obtained data to determine one or more of forecasts, predictions, trends, and interference associated with the Wi-Fi network based on the obtained data and correlations determined therein; and causing configuration of the Wi-Fi network based on the determined one or more forecasts, predictions, trends, and interference, wherein the configuration includes at least one of channel selection, bandwidth selection, topology selection of access points in the Wi-Fi network, and client associations with the access points.

Abstract: A 5th generation (5G) or 6th generation (6G) communication system for supporting higher data rates, compared to that of a 4th generation (4G) communication system such as a long term evolution (LTE) communication system are provided. An apparatus and a method for load balancing in a wireless communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a transceiver, a memory storing one or more instructions, and at least one processor configured to execute the one or more instructions stored in the memory to receive first information about a relation between a base station (BS) and a user equipment (UE) from each of a plurality of BSs, determine, based on the first information, a number of UEs on which handover has to be performed from among UEs served by each of the plurality of BSs, and transmit, to each of the plurality of BSs, priority information determined based on the number of UEs.

Abstract: A communication system comprises a fixed network comprising access points for mm wave radio communication using directional beams. A wireless modem of a vehicle comprises a first search circuit searching for a beacon transmission in a first frequency channel. A first data receiver extracts data from a detected beacon signal including: an indication of a first access point transmitting the beacon signal; a first load value indicative of a loading of the first access point; and an indication of a second access point having overlapping coverage with the first access point. Another receiver extracts data from a second beacon signal transmitted by the second access point in a second frequency channel including a second load value indicative of a loading of the second access point. A controller selects a target access point dependent on the first and second load values, and initializes a link setup with the target access point.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide services by effectively switching, by a terminal, a macro cell and a small cell on the basis of time in a communication system in which the macro cell and the small cell coexist. A method for operating a terminal in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a first base station and/or a second base station, information on a switching delay time required for the terminal to perform cell switching; and communicating through a resource of the first base station and a resource of the second base station which are allocated by considering the switching delay time.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for using one or more gateway systems for integrating multiple load control systems running multiple versions of software such that the load control systems may appear to a user and be controlled by the user as a unified load control system. Gateways that manage or have managed the same resource may be organized into a Gateway Group. Gateway Groups names may be used for prefix attachment to facilitate routing. For example, a Composite Gateway may receive a request associated with a resource from a user. The Composite Gateway may determine which Gateway actively manages that resource and/or is the Gateway is a member of a Gateway Group. The composite Gateway may then apply one or more policies to facilitate the request. For example, if the Composite Gateway receives an information request, it may apply an authorization policy, a routing policy, and/or an aggregation policy.

Abstract: Communications services are provided to a device. For instance, where a communications resource is being used by a device via a first communications service provider (CSP) component associated with a first CSP, based on a probabilistic analysis of loading parameters received from a device at the first CSP component. A likelihood that the device will move can be predicted, comprising determining the likelihood is not less than a threshold likelihood. If likely to move, and based on the loading parameters, a loading profile associated with a user of the device is updated resulting in updated likelihoods of usages of the communication resource by the device via respective other CSP components other than the first CSP component. Further, based on the updated likelihoods of usages of the communication resource, at least part of the communications resource can be allocated to the respective other CSP components to facilitate communications with the device.

Abstract: Provided is a method for detecting abnormal traffic. The method comprises collecting non-access stratum (NAS) traffic between a user equipment (UE) and a mobility management node, identifying a ciphering algorithm supported by the UE from a network access request message transmitted from the UE to the mobility management node, and identifying the UE as a first type of terminal at risk based on a determination that the UE only supports a null ciphering algorithm.

Abstract: When an access point associates with an electronic device, the access point may establish secure communication with the electronic device using a four-way handshake with the electronic device. Next, the access point may distribute secondary pairwise master keys (PMKs) to radio-frequency (RF)-neighbor access points of the access point in a wireless local area network, where the secondary PMKs facilitate fast basic service set (BSS) transitions with the electronic device when a handover occurs without using the four-way handshake to establish secure communication with the electronic device. Furthermore, when the access point receives information that indicates that the electronic device has associated with a second access point in the RF-neighbor access points of the access point, the access point provides instructions to delete the secondary PMKs at the RF-neighbor access points of the access point, and provides additional secondary PMKs to RF-neighbor access points of the second access point.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for selecting a transport layer protocol for SIP messaging. One apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver that receives a SIP message from a remote unit, the SIP message comprising a first request to initiate a session for an IMS MMTEL. The processor determines that the SIP message is communicated using TCP as a transport layer protocol and forwards the first request to a network entity, wherein the first request is sent using UDP as the transport layer protocol.

Abstract: Techniques that provide optimal packet data network gateway selection upon initial attachment of a upon an initial user equipment (UE) attachment via a WiFi Evolved Packet Data Gateway (ePDG) are described herein. In at least one embodiment, a method may include determining, by an ePDG, whether a UE is capable to connect to at least one of a 5G standalone mobile core network and a 5G non-standalone mobile core network; determining, by the ePDG, whether the UE is subscribed to connect to at least one of the 5G standalone mobile core network and the 5G non-standalone mobile core network; and selecting, by the ePDG, a packet data network gateway to support the UE connection based, at least in part, on determining that the UE is capable and is subscribed to connect to at least one of the 5G standalone mobile core network and the 5G non-standalone mobile core network.

Abstract: A method includes predicting the number of users of user terminals gathering in a target area within a region on a first day. The method includes collecting records relating to user terminals positioning data, and partitioning a portion of the region of interest into an intermediate area surrounding the target area and an external area which surrounds the intermediate area. For each observation time slot, a first term indicative of the number of user terminals moving from the external area to the intermediate area are calculated during said observation time slot based, a second term indicative of user terminals which, during a reference day preceding the first day, moved from the external area to the intermediate area is calculated, and the difference between said first term and said second term is calculated. The number of new user terminals which entering the target area is predicted based on the difference.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided. The method comprises determining a free space path loss distance at a frequency of a transmitter; determining a morphology class for a geographic location of the transmitter; determining a scaling factor P corresponding to the determined morphology class; determining a circular analysis region based upon the scaling factor P; and generating a contour.

Abstract: Wireless communications systems supporting carrier aggregation and selective distributed routing of secondary cell component carriers based on transmission power demand or signal quality are disclosed. The wireless communications system includes a signal router circuit communicatively coupled to a signal source. The signal router circuit is configured to distribute a primary cell component carrier, including control information, to each of multiple remote units to be distributed to any mobile device in a respective coverage area of any remote unit to avoid the need to support handovers. In addition, the signal router circuit is configured to selectively distribute one or more secondary cell component carriers to any subset of the remote units based on at least one of transmission power demand or signal quality associated with the remote units.

Abstract: Aspects include determining whether a utilization of wireless spectrum associated with a guaranteed class of traffic in a network is greater than a first threshold, responsive to the determining indicating that the utilization of the wireless spectrum associated with the guaranteed class of traffic is greater than the first threshold, causing an upgrade of a capacity in the network, and responsive to the determining indicating that the utilization of the wireless spectrum associated with the guaranteed class of traffic is not greater than the first threshold: determining a throughput for a non-guaranteed class of traffic for each cell of a plurality of cells of the network, and responsive to determining that the throughput for the non-guaranteed class of traffic for at least one cell of the plurality of cells is less than a second threshold, causing the upgrade of the capacity in the network. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Automated offloading of subscribers in a system having a set of mobility management entities (MMEs) during mobility management equipment failures is provided. Each MME maintains performance status and location information about all MMEs. When an MME senses performance degradation the traffic directed to that MME is allocated among the remaining MMEs in the set.

Abstract: A wireless user equipment (UE) device is configured to communicate with another UE via device-to-device (D2D) communications. The UE transmits a communication to the other UE, wherein the communication indicates scheduling of a shared spectrum resource. The shared spectrum resource is shared by a first network management operator (NMO) and a second NMO, wherein both the UE and the other UE are associated with the first NMO. The first NMO employs a first set of spatial channels in the shared spectrum resource, and a second set of spatial channels in the shared spectrum resource is made available for use by the second NMO, the second set being different from the first set. The UE communicates with the other UE over the first set of spatial channels.

Abstract: The described technology is generally directed towards wireless communications systems in which multiple control channel resource sets (CORESETs) are configured into a CORESET group. The CORESET group may be associated with a usage scenario/quality of service requirement, and used by user equipment to decode downlink control information corresponding to that usage scenario. For example, one CORESET group can be used for URLLC traffic, another for eMBB type traffic and another for mMTC traffic. Different CORESET groups may be used to provide different aggregation level sets, different DMRS pattern configurations, different search spaces, different transmission protocols/schemes, different beam management and recovery procedures, different radio link monitoring and radio link failure procedures, and so on. Different CORESET groups may be associated with different transmission points.

Abstract: A method by which a small base station (BS) transmits a discovery signal (DS) in a mobile communication system is provided. The method includes a macro BS to which a component carrier (CC) of a predetermined frequency band is allocated, and at least one small base station to which N number of CCs of a frequency band different from that of the CC allocated to the macro base station are allocated. The method comprises the steps of generating the DS corresponding to predetermined information and transmitting the generated DS through a discovery channel (DCH) configured as a transmission resource of the macro base station, wherein the predetermined information is one among information on at least one CC that the small base station uses, cell ID (CID) index information of the small base station, and a sleep base station index when the small base station is in a sleep mode.

Abstract: A software framework for an autonomous system can include a sortie controller that receives a sortie spawn request from at least one of a station controller, a vehicle controller and a mission controller that are each in communication with at least one of a plurality external systems. The sortie controller can instantiate a given sortie spawn with a reference to a given station model in a set of station models, a given vehicle model in a set of vehicle models and a given mission model in the set of the mission models. The software framework can also include a plurality of functions defined by the station controller, the vehicle controller and the mission controller. Each function can be configured to operate on the sortie spawn. The software frame work can further include a plurality of capabilities. Each capability can includes a plurality of properties.

Abstract: According to one example embodiment, a method in a user equipment, UE, includes receiving a request from a radio access network for a measurement report for an application operating at a layer above a radio resource control, RRC, protocol layer. The UE generates the measurement report in response to the request and determines a current RRC connected state of the UE when the measurement report is ready to be sent. In response to determining that the current RRC connected state of the UE is not a CELL_DCH RRC state, the UE sends a cell update message to the radio access network and receives instructions from the radio access network to transition to the CELL_DCH RRC state. The UE transitions to the CELL_DCH RRC state and transmits the measurement report while the UE is in the CELL_DCH RRC state. Related user equipment nodes, radio access nodes and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and device for data transmission are provided. The method includes: acquiring, by a terminal device, target resource configuration information, wherein the target resource configuration information corresponds to target service related information determined by the terminal device; and sending, by the terminal device, according to the target resource configuration information, a data packet to be sent that carries the target service.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for adaptively coordinating among satellite communication channels.

Abstract: A technique performed by a client on a device includes detecting one or more wireless networks in range of the device, where the one or more wireless networks support connection over at least two frequency bands; controlling the device to connect to the one or more wireless networks over at least one of the two frequency bands; and controlling the device to switch connections among different ones of the at least two frequency bands based on levels of service provided by the different ones of the at least two frequency bands.

Abstract: A distributed Wi-Fi system includes a first Wi-Fi access point communicatively coupled to a modem/router for connectivity to the Internet and to a cloud controller via the Internet; and at least one additional Wi-Fi access point with wireless backhaul connections to the modem/router via the first Wi-Fi access point, wherein the first Wi-Fi access point and the at least one additional access point cooperatively form a single Wi-Fi network; wherein the cloud controller is configured to receive inputs related to operation of the single Wi-Fi network, perform an optimization based on the inputs with an objective function, and provide operational parameters for the single Wi-Fi network based on the optimization.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and a device for transmitting lossless data packet based on QoS framework in wireless communication system, the method comprising: starting a timer for a first QoS flow when a DRB which is mapped to the first QoS flow is changed from a first DRB to a second DRB; delivering packets of the first QoS flow received from the first DRB to an upper layer while the timer is running; when the timer expires, starting to deliver the packets of the first QoS flow received from the second DRB while stopping the delivering packets of the first QoS flow received from the first DRB.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for configuring an operation mode of a remote transceiver unit connected to an access node via a communication line, the remote transceiver unit being operable in at least two operation modes: a Time Division Duplex, TDD, mode and a full duplex, FDX, mode; the method comprising, by the access node: a) obtaining a channel characteristic derived from channel measurements performed over the communication line, b) determining the operation mode of the remote transceiver unit as the FDX mode or the TDD mode based on the channel characteristic; c) transmitting an indication indicating the determined operation mode to the remote transceiver unit.

Abstract: A measurement parameter sending method and apparatus are described. The method includes receiving measurement signals corresponding to a plurality of beams. The received measurement signals corresponding to the plurality of beams are measured to obtain a beam measurement parameter. A cell-level measurement parameter is generated based on the beam measurement parameter. The cell-level measurement parameter is reported to a network device. Correspondingly, a measurement parameter receiving method and apparatus are disclosed. Measurement reporting of a plurality of beams can be implemented in a new radio NR system, thereby reducing reporting overheads.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of balancing load in a cellular network including first cells with a first priority and second cells with a second priority. The method including: detecting a high load condition in a first cell; using a network model including signal level information on different geographical locations for different cells to find a second cell having at least partially overlapping service area with the first cell; using said network model and population data including information about number of users on different geographical locations to determine a value to a network parameter that has an effect on whether a user connects to the first cell or to the second cell; and conditionally taking the determined value of the network parameter in use in the cellular network to balance load between the first and the second cell in the overlapping service area.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a source node, a target node and methods for supporting re-distribution of load from a source cell to a target cell in a wireless network, wherein the target cell is a combined cell comprising a plurality of spatially separated sectors that are configured for downlink and/or uplink communication on a same carrier frequency. Performed in the source node, the method comprises receiving, from the target node, a load report comprising traffic load in one or more of the plurality of spatially separated target sectors comprised in the target cell. Reference signal measurements defining radio conditions for one or more of the target sectors comprised in the target cell are retrieved from one or more wireless devices served by the source node.

Abstract: A wireless network having one or more access points and one or more stations may improve spectrum efficiency for uplink transmissions by assigning a plurality of stations to a channel (or subchannel), each with a different priority. A channel may be assigned to a first station with the first priority, a second station with a second priority, and so on (e.g., instead of assigning the channel to just one station). An access point may transmit information indicative of the channel assignments, priorities, and other information used by stations to perform uplink transmissions. If a station with the highest priority receives the data from the access point, it may start transmission. A station with a lower priority may listen, during a listening period, to the same channel and determine whether the higher priority station started transmission during the listening period.

Abstract: A signal transmission method for a transmission apparatus having at least two transmission paths and an apparatus for performing the same are provided. The method includes identifying a starting point of a frame, identifying, on the basis of the starting point of the frame, whether a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) has been allocated, determining an on/off-state of each transmission path on the basis of whether the PDSCH has been allocated, and transmitting a signal by using a transmission path in an on-state.