Abstract: The present invention provides an oscillator including a tapped inductor and a cross-coupled pair. The tapped inductor includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a first tap and a second tap. The cross-coupled pair receives two input signals from the first terminal and the second terminal to generate two output signals to the first tap and the second tap, respectively.

Abstract: A method for adjusting discontinuous reception (DRX) behavior of a user equipment (UE) to conserve energy use includes exposing a DRX application programming interface (API) that enables DRX parameters to be changed and defining a conflict resolution policy that controls when requests to change the DRX parameters should be granted. The method also includes receiving, via the DRX API, a request from an application to change a DRX parameter for the UE. The UE is in wireless communication with a base station, and the application is configured to send data to the UE via a mobile network that comprises the base station. The method also includes determining, based at least in part on the conflict resolution policy, that the request should be granted and sending a command to the base station that causes the base station to communicate a new value of the DRX parameter to the UE.

Abstract: A system and method for wirelessly transmitting audiovisual information. A first plurality of packets including audiovisual information may be generated. A second plurality of packets including error correction coding information for the audiovisual information may be generated. Control information for associating the error correction coding information with the audiovisual information may be generated, and a third plurality of packets including the control information may also be generated. The plurality of packets, including the first, second, and third pluralities of packets, may be transmitted to a mobile device in a wireless manner. The control information may inform the mobile device of the association of the first error correction coding information with the audiovisual information.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit includes an amplifier including a first transconductance amplifier and a second transconductance amplifier; and a resonator including a capacitor element and an inductor element. The capacitor element includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the inductor element includes a tapped inductor, the tapped inductor includes a first segment of inductor and a second segment of inductor, and the first segment of inductor and the second segment of inductor are coupled using the first capacitor. The first segment of inductor includes a first terminal and a second terminal coupled to an input terminal and an output terminal of the first transconductance amplifier respectively. The second segment of inductor includes a third terminal and a fourth terminal coupled to an input terminal and an output terminal of the second transconductance amplifier, respectively.

Abstract: An oscillator circuit is provided, which relates to the field of electronic technologies, to improve performance of an oscillator. The oscillator circuit includes: a first amplifier (Am1) and a second amplifier (Am2), where the first amplifier (Am1) and the second amplifier (Am2) are switchable, and the oscillator circuit is operable in an inductive feedback mode or a negative resistance mode through switching. The oscillator circuit further includes a capacitive element and an inductive element, where the inductive element includes a tapped inductor that includes four terminals (V1, V2, V3, and V4), two of the four terminals are coupled to differential inputs of the first amplifier (Am1) and differential outputs of the second amplifier (Am2), and the other two terminals are coupled to differential outputs of the first amplifier (Am1).

Abstract: A method of authenticating access of an electronic device to an application server based on a subscriber identity module (SIM) associated with the electronic device. The method receiving an authentication challenge from an application executing on the device by a SIM application toolkit (SAT) executing on the device, transmitting a random number and an authentication value of the challenge to a SIM of the device by the SAT, receiving a response from the SIM by the SAT, transmitting an authentication response to the application by the SAT, where the authentication response comprises the response received from the SIM, generating an application key by the SAT based at least in part on the response received from the SIM, and transmitting the application key to the application by the SAT, whereby the application executing on the electronic device establishes a communication session with an application server via an access communication network.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal fusion system that is a probabilistic system fusing an arbitrary combination of heterogeneous signals for determining the location of electronic devices. The system includes a signal sampling device for detecting one or more signals emitted by an electronic device to be located, including geolocation signals, WiFi signals, Bluetooth signals, 4G communication signals, 5G communication signals, geomagnetism signals, or inertial navigation system signals (INS). A likelihood processor cooperates with the signal sampling device to receive information about selected sampled signals, and creates a grid of reference points for an interested area in which the electronic device may be located. The likelihood processor independently computes, for each selected sampled signal, a location likelihood that is a probability of observing the sampled signal given that the electronic device is located at different reference points in the grid.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided and includes an antenna; a first duplexer including a first band pass filter (BPF), a second BPF, a first port, a second port, and a third port; a filter; a power amplification circuit including an input port and an output port; a processor; a radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit (RFIC) including an input port and an output port; a first switch including a first terminal and a second terminal; a second switch including a first terminal and a second terminal; and a third switch including a first terminal, wherein the processor is configured to connect the antenna to the first terminal of the first switch, the output port of the power amplification circuit to the first terminal of the second switch, and a second port of the filter to the first terminal of the third switch by controlling the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch, and output a baseband signal to the RFIC in a state in which the antenna is connected to the first terminal of the first switch, the

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) includes first and second subscriber identity modules (SIMs), possibly subscribed to different carriers. When the first SIM is in a connected state and the second SIM is in an idle state, the UE may need to periodically tune away a radio from a first frequency used for communication under the first SIM to a second frequency used for idle mode activity under the second SIM. The UE may provide to the network of the first SIM the second SIMs traffic activity pattern and/or serving frequency so that the network may provide coordinated configuration and/or scheduling for the UE device, e.g., in order to make the action of tuning away (and tuning back) the radio more efficient and/or to decrease the network impact of such radio tune aways (e.g., to decrease wasted uplink scheduling and wasted downlink transmissions for the first SIM).

Abstract: The position detection of user equipment within a network, and the corresponding methods performed at the network node, user equipment and location server are disclosed, along with these entities and a computer program. The method performed at the network node comprises within a position reference signal time period, broadcasting: a first position reference signal within a first frequency band and during a first time period; and at least one further position reference signal within at least one further frequency band and during at least one subsequent time period, said at least one further frequency band being different to said first frequency band.

Abstract: A method for controlling a reader communicating with a user terminal using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), comprising: transmitting a first advertising packet to the user terminal; performing a first authentication with the user terminal that has received the first advertising packet; discovering service of the user terminal by the reader that has transmitted the first advertising packet after the first authentication is performed; obtaining a first service data from the user terminal in response to the discovering service; discovering characteristic of the user terminal based on the first service data; and obtaining a first characteristic data from the user terminal in response to the discovering characteristic.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for determining a per carrier additional maximum power reduction needed to meet emission requirements for dual carrier operation of adjacent carriers. A per carrier allowed additional maximum power reduction for a worst case allocation is determined for the dual carrier operation of the adjacent carriers of the different radio access technologies in absence of the shared scheduling information. The determination for each of the carriers for use with the different radio access technologies includes determining a total power reduction allowed for meeting emission requirements for each of one or more respective allocation ratios, and determining a fraction of a total power allocated to the carrier for each of one or more respective allocation ratios.

Abstract: Systems and methods for volume control over intercom trunk lines. One example method includes receiving, from a first keypanel coupled to a first intercom, a call request identifying a remote keypanel coupled to a second intercom. The method includes transmitting a trunk request based on the call request and receiving a trunk setup message. The method includes activating a first crosspoint to provide a two-way audio connection between the first and second intercom devices. The method includes applying a trunk gain value to the first crosspoint based on the remote keypanel and transmitting, with an audio gain based on the trunk gain value, an audio stream received from the first keypanel. The method includes receiving, from the second intercom, a gain adjustment value associated with the first keypanel and the remote keypanel and applying an adjusted trunk gain value to the first crosspoint based on the gain adjustment value.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for polling and keep-alive signals for multimedia broadcast multicast service. The method may include receiving a physical downlink control channel order addressed to a group-radio network temporary identifier. The method may also include performing uplink transmission of a signal in response to the physical downlink control channel order.

Abstract: A machine-learning ecosystem includes a correlation module for building at least one prediction model based on at least one data input including at least one input parameter and at least one output parameter, the prediction model relating the output parameter to the input parameter. The correlation module performs at least one threshold check on the prediction model to assess the robustness of the prediction model. The ecosystem further includes a decision module communicatively coupled to the correlation module and receiving the prediction model from the correlation module. Based on a verification check at the decision module, a confirmation, a deferral, or a rejection of the prediction model is sent from the decision module to the correlation module.

Abstract: In the present invention, a user equipment (UE) receives an UL grant that can be used while the UE is not in RRC_CONNECTED state. If the UE receives a message indicating to leave RRC_CONNECTED state, the UE starts a time alignment timer (I-TAT) when the UE leaves RRC_CONNECTED state. The UE transmits UL data using the UL grant if the UL data becomes available for transmission when the UE is not in RRC_CONNECTED state and if the I-TAT is running.

Abstract: A network entity and an operating method thereof in a communication system are provided. The method includes establishing a first connection with a user equipment (UE) using a first access technology; receiving, from the UE, via the first connection, capability information on communication with a second cell using a second access technology different from the first access technology; transmitting a first signal to the UE via the first connection; and transmitting, to the UE, via the first connection, configuration information related to the second cell for establishing a second connection between the UE and the second cell. The first cell and the second cell are simultaneously active for the UE.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from suitable interworking. For example, certain fifth generation short message service systems may benefit from interworking with long term evolution short message service deployments in a visited public land mobile network. A method can include receiving, at a network element, an attach request from a user equipment. The method can also include using an internal policy to find a short message service function that resides at the network element. The method can further include using an address of the short message service function for providing short message service to the user equipment.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data, a terminal device and a network device are provided. The method includes: generating, by a network device, indication information, wherein the indication information is used for indicating at least one of the following: a first interface, a type of the first interface, a criterion for determining the type of the first interface, and a criterion for determining the first interface under at least one interface type; and sending, by the network device, the indication information to the terminal device, so that the terminal device enters or remains in an idle state under the first interface according to the indication information.

Abstract: A multi-band radio frequency front-end device, a multi-band receiver, and a multi-band transmitter, the multi-band radio frequency front-end device including a first radio frequency front-end circuit, where the first radio frequency front-end circuit works on a first band, a second radio frequency front-end circuit, where the second radio frequency front-end circuit works on a second band, a first input/output matching network, and a second input/output matching network, where routing of the first input/output matching network and routing of the second input/output matching network on a layout are annular and nested.

Abstract: A communication apparatus (100) according to the present disclosure is a communication apparatus (100) that performs non-contact communication with an external apparatus (200) via a memory (210) of the external apparatus (200). The communication apparatus (100) includes a control unit (120). The control unit (120) receives a message including a parameter related to the control of the non-contact communication. The control unit (120) performs the non-contact communication with the external apparatus (200) on the basis of the parameter.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device identifies a plurality of access points of a wireless network. The device also identifies a plurality of mobile nodes of a mobile system. The device establishes a first label-switched path in the wireless network that comprises a wireless link between a first mobile node in the plurality of mobile nodes and a first access point in the plurality of access points. The device establishes a second label-switched path in the wireless network that comprises a wireless link between a second mobile node of the mobile system and a second access point in the plurality of access points.

Abstract: Systems and methods allow access stations to save power when no user equipment (UE) devices require service from the access station. The access station may enter a low power-consumption mode (or “sleep mode”) when the access station is inactive. The access station transmits a beacon signal when in the low power-consumption mode to indicate to UE devices in a coverage area of the access station that the access station is in the low power-consumption mode. The access station receives a wake-up signal from a device and, in response, exits the low power-consumption mode.

Abstract: An information handling system wirelessly interfaces with a peripheral device, such as a keyboard or mouse, through primary radios that have a communication protocol, such as Bluetooth. Secondary radios interface with their associated primary radio to provide a low power wake and sleep using wake and sleep signals sent between the secondary radios. A sleep command communicated through the primary radios is acknowledged with the secondary radios to confirm operation of the secondary radios before a subsequent wake command transmits while in the sleep state.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may transmit, to a base station, a control message indicating a capability of the UE to identify and report a reciprocity parameter between downlink communications and uplink communications of a channel between the UE and the base station. In some examples, the base station may request a reciprocity report from the UE. The UE may identify a reciprocity parameter based on one or more parameters associated with an array of antennas at the UE. The reciprocity parameter may indicate a reciprocity between an uplink beam and a downlink beam, such as a degree of overlap between the uplink beam and the downlink beam. The UE may report the reciprocity parameter via a reciprocity report to the base station. In some examples, the base station may identify one or more parameters based on the reciprocity report.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to an apparatus and a method for managing coexistence of multiple communication schemes by an electronic device. The electronic device may include: a first communication circuit configured to support a first frequency band; a second communication circuit configured to support at least a part of the first frequency band and a second frequency band; a first switch connected to the first communication circuit; a second switch connected to the second communication circuit and the first switch; a first antenna connected to the first switch and configured to support the first frequency band; and a second antenna connected to the second switch and configured to support the second frequency band, wherein based on the second communication circuit using the first frequency band, the second communication circuit is configured to control the first switch and the second switch to selectively connect the first antenna to one of the first communication circuit or the second communication circuit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing an audible identification of a device is provided herein. During operation, device identities will be determined for members forming a personal-area network (PAN). When information is conveyed by a device, a determination of whether or not to announce a device identification will be based on a combination of PAN members present. More particularly, when a certain combination of devices are members of the PAN, device identifications will be announced, otherwise, device identifications will not be announced.

Abstract: Uplink synchronization establishment in a base station which operates a plurality of component carriers according to one embodiment of the present description, is performed in that the base station is connected to a user equipment, sets component carrier aggregation information, generates an uplink timing groups in the set component carrier aggregation, and transmits information on the thus-generated uplink timing groups to the user equipment.

Abstract: Systems and methods may provide for deactivating the Idle mode discontinuous reception (iDRX) for services that require latency that is less than the conventional paging channel values.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a dual-mode power amplifier that can operate in different modes includes: a first pair of metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) to receive and pass a constant envelope signal; a second pair of MOSFETs to receive and pass a variable envelope signal, where first terminals of the first pair of MOSFETs are coupled to first terminals of the second pair of MOSFETs, and second terminals of the first pair of MOSFETs are coupled to. second terminals of the second pair of MOSFETs; and a shared MOSFET stack coupled to the first pair of MOSFETs and the second pair of MOSFETs.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication technique and system thereof that fuses a 5G communication system with Internet of Things (IoT) technology to support a higher data rate than a 4G system. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services, such as smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cars, health care, digital education, retail, and security and safety related services, on the basis of 5G communication technologies and IoT-related technologies. Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for sending, by a network, a paging message to a terminal in a next generation mobile communication system.

Abstract: A method and system to facilitate session continuity where a user-plane function (UPF) serves user-equipment devices (UEs) and communicates with a transport network by default through a first firewall. As each of various ones of the UEs establishes a respective TCP session via the first firewall, the UPF determines if the UE is likely to engage in latency-sensitive communication, such as if the UE is a Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) device and if so causes the first firewall to record the UE's TCP session 5-tuple to a centralized data storage. Thereafter when the UPF switches to use a second firewall instead of the first firewall (e.g., because the first firewall goes out of service), the UPF causes the second firewall to get from the centralized data store the TCP session 5-tuple of each such UE, for access-control use by the second firewall, to help provide session continuity.

Abstract: A system for providing a service at a self-service machine having a device identifier and that does not have internet connectivity or that is in an off-line state includes: a validation server that stores the device identifier, the validation server being in communication with a mobile device of a user, but not with the self-service machine. The self-service machine is configured to: receive a selection of a service; generate a service request identifier for the selected service; add the service request identifier to a list of service requests to be fulfilled; and communicate, to the mobile device by a first direct communication method, service request data including the service request identifier, a terminal identifier of the self-service machine, and an address of a validation server.

Abstract: A system for monitoring cellular communications including a passive sensor device, processors, and memory devices. The memory devices having instructions that cause the processors to identify active downlink channels using a first radio to monitor each channel in a cellular spectrum and store downlink channel information, including configuration data, for each of the identified active downlink channels. The processors identify active uplink channels using a second radio to monitor each channel in the cellular spectrum and store uplink channel information for each of the identified active uplink channels. The processors correlate one of the active uplink channels with a corresponding active downlink channel and tune a third radio to the active uplink channel using the configuration data for the corresponding active downlink channel. The processors also tune a fourth radio to the active downlink channel corresponding to the at least one active uplink channel using the corresponding configuration data.

Abstract: A communication device that transmits or receives a radio frame including a preamble and a data field of a physical layer (PHY) is provided. The preamble includes an L-STF (Legacy Short Training Field), an L-LTF (Legacy Long Training Field), an L-SIG (Legacy Signal Field), an EHT-SIG (Extremely High Throughput Signal Field), an EHT-STF (EHT Short Training Field), and an EHT-LTF (EHT Long Training Field), and the EHT-SIG includes a subfield in which information on whether NOMA (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access) is used in transmission of data included in the data field is set.

Abstract: User equipment (UE) can include a network analyzer to capture network metrics to monitor conditions of cell coverage and band dominance. In some instances, the UE is served by a base station with multiple network bands. The base station may select a network band based on an optimization scheme. In some instances, the UE can capture data representing network metrics and can report such data to a network device to further aggregate the data and to generate reports. The network device can use the aggregated data to perform band dominance analysis, which may include determining a coverage index for each available band. The coverage index may be used to determine parameters for a base station. The parameters may be modified to trigger handovers to optimize band traffic.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a next-generation wireless communication system for supporting a higher data rate beyond a 4th generation (4G) wireless communication system. According to various embodiments, a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a signal in a wireless communication system may be provided. Further, various other embodiments may also be provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods disclosed herein provide technical solution for on-demand manufacturing of a payment instrument that includes an integrated circuit chip. Apparatus and methods provide technical solutions for securely validating and activating the manufactured payment instrument. The customer may submit a request to manufacture a payment instrument through an automated teller machine (“ATM”), online banking channel or mobile banking channel. Apparatus and methods allow a customer to manufacture a payment instrument at home using a 3D printer or use a 3D printer installed at an ATM. Using a secure validation methods, the newly manufactured payment instrument may be activated at an ATM.

Abstract: A device authentication method, a service access control method, a device, and a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium are provided. In the device authentication method, an authentication request device issues an authentication request transaction in a distributed ledger, and an authentication response device reads the authentication request transaction in the distributed ledger and performs authentication. Thus, no third-party authentication center or coordinate device is required to participate in an authentication handshake process, thereby reducing deployment overhead of an authentication system and improving efficiency of authentication and access service control.

Abstract: A programmable power tool and method and systems of programming a power tool using wireless communication. An external device having a processor and a transceiver establishes a communication link with the power tool. The external device receives, with the transceiver, a first mode profile stored on the power tool. The first mode profile is defined by a profile type and a first value associated with a parameter for executing the profile type. The external device displays a control screen including the profile type and the parameter at the first value, and receives a user input. The external device generates, in response to the user input, a second mode profile by modifying the parameter to be at a second value. The external device transmits, with the transceiver, the second mode profile to the power tool.

Abstract: A method for adjusting discontinuous reception (DRX) behavior of a user equipment (UE) to conserve energy use includes exposing a DRX application programming interface (API) that enables DRX parameters to be changed and defining a conflict resolution policy that controls when requests to change the DRX parameters should be granted. The method also includes receiving, via the DRX API, a request from an application to change a DRX parameter for the UE. The UE is in wireless communication with a base station, and the application is configured to send data to the UE via a mobile network that comprises the base station. The method also includes determining, based at least in part on the conflict resolution policy, that the request should be granted and sending a command to the base station that causes the base station to communicate a new value of the DRX parameter to the UE.

Abstract: A device including one or more processors configured to: determine a disconnection margin value based on: a current transmission operation state including one or more transmission control parameters, and a current transmission rate; receive a power back-off (PBO) request including a PBO value; perform a comparison of the PBO value to the disconnection margin value; and determine whether to apply a PBO according to the PBO request based on the comparison.

Abstract: The application relates to a device control method and apparatus, a storage medium, a processor, and a terminal. A device has a WIFI module for WIFI connection and a Bluetooth module for Bluetooth connection. The device control method includes: acquiring a network module status of the device, wherein the network module status indicates whether the WIFI module or Bluetooth module of the device is enabled; if the WIFI module and the Bluetooth module are enabled, detecting wireless data packet features in a wireless network environment where the device is located; and controlling the device according to the detected wireless data packet features so that one of the WIFI module and the Bluetooth module is enabled and the other one of the WIFI module and the Bluetooth module is disabled. The technical solution of the application causes a WIFI and Bluetooth dual-mode device to intelligently select an operating mode, and avoids interference caused by the coexistence of radio frequency signals.

Abstract: Systems and processes are provided for receiving a request for an audio video program from a display device, transmitting the request for the audio video program via a bidirectional network, receiving the audio video program via the bidirectional network wherein the audio video program is received at a first data rate, transmitting an alternate request for the audio video program via the bidirectional network wherein the alternate request for the audio video program includes are request for the audio video program to be transmitted via a unidirectional wireless transmission, receiving the audio video program via the unidirectional wireless transmission, and transmitting the audio video program to the display device.

Abstract: One subscriber identity module (SIM) can transmit data in active mode while another SIM is in an idle mode. However, paging for the SIM in idle mode can occur based on a discontinuous reception configuration (DRX) cycle of the active SIM. For example, when the DRX of the active SIM indicates that the active SIM is in an idle state, then the SIM that is currently in an idle state can send messages and vice versa. The DRX cycle information can be exchanged between a first core network and a second core network. Each core network can belong to the same or different mobile network operator and can have separate radio access networks (RAN) or share the RAN. The DRX cycle information and/or a time-division multiplexing (TDM) pattern can be exchanged over the air via a system information broadcast message.

Abstract: Various communication devices may benefit from the appropriate use of modeling techniques. For example, devices that include components that may be driven into non-linear ranges of operation may benefit from low complexity non-linear modelling techniques. Such devices may be used, for example, in wireless communication systems. A method can include obtaining a sample of a signal representative of power consumed by a device while the device is operating in a non-linear range while being driven according to a driving signal. The method can also include computing a correction to the driving signal based on the sample. The correction can be calculated based on a plurality of non-overlapped non-linear sections corresponding to a response of the device. The method can further include applying the correction to adjust the driving signal. The correction can be configured to adjust the power to a desired value of power.

Abstract: Embodiment methods for managing communication with a base station may include a wireless device determining whether a beam received from the base station can be successfully received using analog beamforming, determining whether the beam from the base station can be received using digital beamforming in response to determining that the beam received from the base station cannot be successfully received using analog beamforming, and receiving the beam using the digital beamforming in response to determining that the beam can be received using digital beamforming.

Abstract: A radio frequency front-end circuit and a mobile terminal are provided. The circuit includes: a first signal transmitting circuit and a second signal transmitting circuit; a first changeover switch and a second changeover switch; and a first double-pole double-throw switch. The first signal transmitting circuit is closed through the first double-pole double-throw switch and the first changeover switch and transmits a signal through a first antenna or second antenna, or is closed through the first double-pole double-throw switch and the second changeover switch and transmits a signal through a third antenna or fourth antenna. The second signal transmitting circuit is closed through the first double-pole double-throw switch and the first changeover switch and transmits a signal through the first antenna or the second antenna, or is closed through the first double-pole double-throw switch and the second changeover switch and transmits a signal through the third antenna or the fourth antenna.

Abstract: An enclosure state, e.g., enclosed or not enclosed, of a communications device is determined based upon one or more of: i) a selected set of environmental sensor measurements, performed by the communications device, ii) a corresponding set of expected outdoor environmental conditions, e.g., sourced from a weather server, iii) weighting factors corresponding to each of the environmental conditions, and/or iv) a threshold value. The communications device performs one or more actions based on the determined enclosure state, enclosed, e.g. indoors, or not enclosed, e.g. outdoors. Exemplary actions include controlling a transmitter or receiver setting, communicating the enclosure state determination to an emergency responder or controlling an application resident on the communications device based on the determined enclosure state. Various exemplary actions contribute to efficient use of communications device resources, e.g.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a first user equipment (UE) may encapsulate, into a link layer sidelink management message, upper layer signaling for managing a direct communication connection with a second UE. The first UE may transmit, to the second UE, the link layer sidelink management message including the upper layer signaling. The second UE may selectively transmit, to the first UE, a link layer sidelink response message based at least in part on a content of the upper layer signaling in the link layer sidelink management message. Numerous other aspects are provided.