Abstract: A lubricating structure comprises an output gear 22 rotating as a unit with an output shaft 3 of a transmission mechanism, a gear 25 rotating as a unit with a counter shaft 27 and engaged with the gear 22, a gear 60 rotating as a unit with the shaft 27 and disposed spaced from the gear 25 in an axial direction, a bearing 26 and bearing 28b for rotatably supporting the shaft 27 respectively at a gear 25 side and a gear 60 side, a driving gear 65 disposed above the gear 60 and engaged with the gear 60 through an intermediate gear, a case 1a for individually accommodating through a separating wall the bearing 28b, a bearing at an intermediate gear side, and a bearing 67 at a gear 65 side, and feed paths 62,64 formed within the shaft 27 for introducing oil moved into an accommodating portion 70 of the gear 28b in the case 1a to a gear 25 side thereby to supply the oil to a predetermined portion.

Abstract: A toroidal type CVT has upper and lower links. The upper link has a link supporting member joined to its casing and the lower link has a link supporting member joined to a cylinder body. An adjusting hole and a knock pin are used to permit displacement of either the upper or the lower link within a predetermined limit in the longitudinal direction of the link. This adjustment equalizes the thrust forces acting on the power rollers, which are gripped between an input and output disks, and maintains the torque transmission efficiency at an optimum level.

Abstract: Improved input and output discs for toroidal type continuously variable transmissions are obtained by select processing techniques to form hardened layers. Processing techniques include, e.g., carburizing, carbonitriding, and high-frequency induction hardening. Shot peening may be used to impart compressive residual surface stress to predetermined disc portions to enhance resistance to cracking.

Abstract: The ball spline for use in a troidal-type continuously variable transmission comprises a plurality of spline grooves and a plurality of balls which are arranged in series within spline gaps each constituted by a set of mutually opposing spline grooves, in which, while allowing the movement of the input disc in the direction of an input shaft by means of contact between the spline gaps and balls, the input shaft and input disc can be drivingly connected to each other. In the ball spline, the number of spline gaps is set different from integral multiples of the number of power rollers which are held by and between the input and output discs in contact with the two discs in order to transmit a rotation torque between the input and output discs.

Abstract: A position servo system exemplified by a power-assisted steering system in which a power-driven continuously-variable-ratio transmission ("CVT") of the variable-ratio-epicyclic type, and particularly of the toroidal-race rolling-traction type, is arranged coaxially with the wheel or other rotary actuating member and the steering or other driven mechanism, and delivers an output to augment the steering effort in response to an error between the positions of the actuating member and the steering mechanism. Mechanisms described to prevent interference with the normal manual connection between the actuating member and the steering mechanism should the CVT cease to rotate, and on occasions when the normal sense of operation is reverse and the steering mechanism tends to steer the actuating member. Mechanisms are also described, where the CVT is of the toroidal-race type, to ensure quality between the forces exerted on the steering mechanism by all its connections with the CVT.

Abstract: A toroidal continuously variable transmission (11) having power rollers (18A-18D) held between input discs (19, 29) and output discs (21, 22) and transmitting power and a torque converter (12) having a lock up clutch (12D) connected to the continuously variable transmission (11) are provided. The line pressure of a working fluid supplied from a pump (1) is adjusted by a pressure regulator valve (2), and the adjusted line pressure is introduced to a lock up control valve (5) for controlling a fluid pressure to be supplied to the lock up clutch (12D) of the torque converter (12) through a pressure passage (31). Further, an oil cooler (32) is interposed in a downstream portion of the lock up control valve (5).

Abstract: A control system for a toroidal continuously variable transmission which can control the transmission ratio without installing a position detection device or an angle detection device on trunnions and secure a sufficient control response to prevent hunting of the transmission ratio. To realize this control system, an axial force calculation device M3 calculates the axial force 2Ft in the trunnion axis direction that the transmission ratio control actuators are required to generate, based on the transmission ratio i calculated by a transmission ratio calculation device M1 from the input disk revolution speed .omega..sub.1 and the output disk revolution speed .omega..sub.2, and on the input torque Ti or output torque To estimated by a torque estimation device M2. An axial force change calculation device M4 calculates the amount of change in the axial force .DELTA.Ft based on the deviation between the target transmission ratio ic and the transmission ratio i.

Abstract: Input and output cone discs are coaxially arranged. Power rollers are each operatively interposed between the input and output cone discs. Trunnions are rotatable supporting the power rollers respectively. An upper link has opposed ends to which upper ends of the trunnions are connected, and a lower link has opposed ends to which lower ends of the trunnions are connected. Shafts extend downward from the lower ends of the trunnions. Each shaft is connected to the corresponding lower end through a connecting pin. Pistons are associated with the shafts respectively. Each piston has a hollow boss portion which receives therein the corresponding shaft. The hollow boss portion has an upper end which faces toward the lower end of the corresponding trunnion. Articulated structures are associated with the trunnions respectively.

Abstract: A control system for a toroidal type continuously variable transmission which incorporates a toroidal continuously variable gear mechanism comprising an input and an output toroidal disk and a roller disposed between the input and output toroidal disks and continuously varies a gear ratio according to inclinations of the roller actuates a stepping motor, when a specific driving condition which causes the continuously variable transmission to switch between a first and a second control mode and directional reversal of torque transmission through the toroidal continuously variable gear mechanism occurs with a result of causing a shift of the roller from one side to another side of the neutral position, to operate a double-slider shift valve to cause the shift of the roller in advance.

Abstract: A friction roller is disposed in a full toroid groove formed by an an input disk and an output disk opposing each other, in contact with both the disks tiltably and rotatably. A roller supporting member for rotatably supporting the friction roller through bearings includes a rotary shaft portion having a ball joint at one end thereof, and the ball joint is rotatably held by a race joint and a cover joint formed at one end of a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder constituting a driving mechanism. A lubricant spraying portion is fromed at the other end of the rotary shaft portion, and a lubricant is supplied to the lubricant spraying portion from a pressure chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through oil paths formed in the piston rod and the rotary shaft portion. The lubricant is sprayed from the lubricant spraying portion onto a contact surface of the friction roller with the disk, and onto the bearings to achieve lubrication and cooling.

Abstract: A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission includes two sets of input and output disks, each set including an input disk, an output disk, a power roller, a carrier rotatably supporting the power roller with a tilt and rotation axis of the power roller slanted, and a cylinder device for the carrier. The cylinder device is disposed orthogonal to an axis of rotation of the input and output disks, and a carrier shaft mounted to the carrier along the tilt and rotation axis and a piston rod of the cylinder device are coupled by a joint. The joints of the two sets of input and output disks are connected by a link, and an elastic members are interposed between the link and the two cylinder devices, and an angle of each carrier shaft with respect to the link is made variable by the joint.

Abstract: In an infinitely variable traction roller transmission wherein two toric traction disks are rotatably supported opposite each other so as to define a toric cavity in which at least two traction rollers are disposed in engagement with the two toric disks, the toric disks have, in a plane receiving the axis of rotation of the toric traction disks, a curvature wherein their tangents at the points of contact with the traction rollers intersect on the axis of rotation of the toric disks along with the axis of rotation of the traction roller and the traction rollers are supported by support means including a guide wheel which moves along a guide track during pivoting of the support means so as to maintain engagement between the traction rollers and the toric disks in all pivot positions of the traction rollers.

Abstract: In a dual cavity toroidal type continuously variable transmission comprises, inward projections integral with a transmission case are positioned between two output discs and formed with threaded bolt holes directed toward an open end of the transmission case. An output gear housing is coaxially installed in the transmission case and secured to the inward projections by means of bolts which are screwed into the threaded bolt holes. The threaded bolt holes are arranged on a first imaginary circle which is coaxial with a second imaginary circle described by an outer periphery of the output discs. The first imaginary circle is greater than the second imaginary circle in diameter.

Abstract: A continuously variable toroidal transmission includes an upper link swingably connected to roller support members, and a link post mounted to a casing and having an opening formed along an axis of a main shaft. Support pins are disposed between the upper link and the link post, each having one end mounted to the upper link and another end swingably inserted in the opening of the link post.

Abstract: A first and a second power roller supported by trunnions are gripped between an input disc and an output disc disposed on an identical rotation axis. The gyration angles of the power rollers are varied by driving the trunnions in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis by an oil pressure actuator. The oil pressure of the actuator is controlled based on a target gyration angle, and the gyration angle of the first power roller is fed back to the oil pressure control. Vibration of the first power roller due to external disturbance is prevented from affecting the second power roller via oil pressure control by making a force according to a displacement of the first power roller in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, act only on the trunnion supporting the first power roller.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission of a type having a toroidal transmission unit mounted for rotation on a engine torque input shaft and a planetary gear mechanism mounted on an output shaft in parallel to the input shaft to which engine torque is transmitted directly through an output gear fixedly mounted on the engine input shaft and through the toroidal transmission unit, is provided with a thrust generating mechanism mounted on the input shaft and pressed against a toroidal input disk for mechanically generating a axial thrust acting on the toroidal input disk. The thrust generating mechanism is located on the same side of the toroidal transmission unit as the side where the output gear is located.

Abstract: In order to improve the transmission efficiency of a toroidal type continuously variable transmission by reducing the dynamic torque loss of an antifriction bearing, a first output gear is constituted by a pair of helical gears of which the directions of inclinations are opposite to each other, and a second output gear is constituted by a double helical gear. By this construction, a thrust force created in the meshing portion between the first and second output gears is offset and the dynamic torque loss of the antifriction bearing is reduced.

Abstract: The toroidal type continuously variable transmission includes a power roller which is pinched between confronting faces of an input disk and an output and which can be tilted, an input shaft which rotates together with the input disk, and an output gear which is coupled to the rear side of the output disk. Thrust and radial loads which are imposed upon the output disk are supported by an angular bearing which is provided on the other side of the output gear from the output disk. The input shaft penetrates through the output disk and the output gear so as to be freely rotatable with respect to them both, and a radial bearing is provided which supports load in the radial direction between an inner circumferential surface of the output gear and the input shaft. This radial bearing cooperates with the angular bearing, and thereby the strength for supporting radial loads upon the output gear is enhanced.

Abstract: The toroidal continuous variable transmission is constructed so that the thrust-directional position of the toroidal speed change unit is determined by a component manufactured with high dimensional precision. The output disks, because they are supported on the casing through radial bearings, can change their thrust-directional positions with respect to the casing. The power rollers that are supported on the support shafts secured to the trunnions cannot perform the swinging motion and therefore can form a reference for determining the thrust-directional position with respect to the casing. The power rollers whose support shafts are eccentric shafts rotatably supported on the trunnions can perform the oscillatory motion.

Abstract: In an infinitely variable traction roller transmission, wherein two toric traction disks are rotatably supported opposite one another and define a toric cavity in which at least two motion transmitting traction rollers are disposed in engagement with the two toric disks and supported by trunnions, the trunnions being pivotally supported to permit changing the ratio of motion transmission between the toric disks, the toric disks each have a different cavity radius, thus causing the circles of contact of the traction rollers with the toric disk to change as the trunnions pivot to various transmission ratio positions, thereby distributing the loads on the traction rollers over a relatively large surface area thus extending the fatigue life of the traction rollers, and consequently, of the transmission.

Abstract: A half-toroidal-type continuously variable transmission capable of transmitting great power has two sets of discs, which each include an input side disc and an output side disc, and two sets of three power rollers, one between each of the sets of discs, thus providing a total of six power rollers. Trunnions supporting the power rollers are supported by support posts. Loads applied to the support posts are transmitted to fixing rods and connecting rods and are offset in those rods.

Abstract: A continuously-variable-ratio transmission ("CVT"), especially of the toroidal-race rolling-traction type, in which the prime mover is connected to the ratio-varying component ("variator") by a torque converter or other starting device capable of slip. The CVT output is connected both to the variator output and also, by way of fixed ratio gearing and a one-way clutch, to the output of the starting device. At low speeds drive is transmitted from prime mover to the CVT output by way of the fixed ratio gearing in both forwards and reverse. In forward drive, as the speed of the variator output rises, operation of the one-way clutch causes the drive transmission path to change from the fixed ratio gearing to the variator output once the speed of the latter exceeds the former.

Abstract: The toroidal continuous variable transmission limits the amount of change of the target transmission ratio while at the same time taking advantage of the excellent speed change responsiveness to perform acceleration and deceleration of a vehicle in a way the driver expects. The toroidal continuous variable transmission checks if the difference .DELTA.e between the present target transmission ratio and the previous target transmission ratio, which were calculated based on car speed information, is larger than the predetermined maximum value .DELTA.e.sub.max. When the absolute value of .DELTA.e is greater than the maximum value, a target transmission ratio e.sub.cn limited by the maximum value is determined. For this corrected target transmission ratio, a control signal Ve is calculated according to the map stored beforehand in the controller. According to the control signal Ve, the tilt angles of the power rollers in the toroidal speed change unit are changed.

Abstract: In a toroidal type continuously variable transmission, an input shaft and an output shaft are arranged coaxially with each other. The front end portion of the input shaft loosely penetrates an output disk. And an angular contact ball bearing is provided between a loading nut fixed to the front end of the input shaft and an output ring rotated together with the output disk.

Abstract: In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission, durability of input-side disc 2 supported by ball spline is improved without reducing power to be transmitted. According to the present invention, spline groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of a center hole to construct the ball spline. While one end of the spline groove reaches the back surface of the input-side disc, the other end does not reach the inner surface thereof. Since stress occurring in the disc can be mitigaled without reducing power to be transmitted, a continuously variable transmission with high performance and excellent durability can be obtained.

Abstract: In a toroidal stepless transmission having a forward-backward drive change over mechanism between an input shaft and an input disk, an actuator which controls the inclination angles of power roller is controlled by separate controllers according to the drive direction of the vehicle. In order to change over between these two controllers, a spool is provided which displaces in an axial direction between a forward drive position and a backward drive position according to the rotation direction of an output disk. A transfer shaft which rotates in synchronism with the output disk and transfers the output torque to drive shaft of the vehicle, is also used for displacing the spool. A drive gear is fixed to this transfer shaft, and a driven gear to which a rotation force due to engagement with the drive gear and a sliding frictional force in an axial direction are transmitted, is fitted over the spool.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission includes friction rollers which are arranged in a toroidal groove formed between input and output disks and rotatably supported by roller support members which are driven by a hydraulic cylinder device. A speed ratio control device includes a speed ratio control valve for controlling a hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the hydraulic cylinder device. A step motor has an angular position determined in accordance with a speed ratio as instructed by the speed ratio control device, and serves to drive the valve sleeve in a predetermined axial direction. A low switch serves to stop the valve sleeve, and effects a changeover between different positions of the switch when the valve sleeve has reached a position where the speed ratio becomes the lowest.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission includes friction rollers which are arranged in a toroidal groove formed between input and output disks and rotatably supported by roller support members. Hydraulic cylinder units for axially driving the roller support members are applied with a hydraulic pressure which is controlled by a forward drive speed ratio control valve in a forward drive mode, and by a reverse drive speed ratio instruction valve in a reverse drive mode. A feedback mechanism includes a precession cam provided for only one of the roller support members, which is associated with two links. These links undergo swing movement in accordance with the rotation of the precession cam, with their one ends maintained in contact with respective cam surfaces. Another ends of the links perform feedback of the speed ratio to the forward drive speed ratio control valve and the reverse drive speed ratio instruction valve, respectively.

Abstract: A continuously variable traction roller transmission comprises a pair of eccentric shafts mounted to a pair of roller support members, each being disposed so that a line linking eccentric axes thereof is inclined with respect to the axial direction of a pair of rotation shanks.

Abstract: A roller control system for a continuously-variable-ratio transmission of the toroidal race, rolling traction type, in which rollers (60) of variable orientation transmit traction between a part-toroidal race (85) formed on an input disc (61) and a similar race (87) formed on a coaxial output disc (62). Each roller is mounted to rotate about a fixed centre (66) and a fixed axis (58) within a rigid carriage (67), one end of which contacts operating mechanism reciprocable over a predetermined stroke of operating movement and operable to apply a control force to the carriage. The assembly of roller and carriage is located by only three contacts with adjacent structure, namely the two disc/roller contacts (86, 88) and the contact (82) with the operating mechanism.

Abstract: A continuously variable traction roller transmission comprises a driving gear which is of the helical gear type, and has an angle of torsion with the direction set to generate a force for biasing a second output disk to a second input disk at least in the forward run state of a motor vehicle and when torque is transmitted from an engine.

Abstract: A toroidal type continuously variable transmission intended to prevent an increase in weight of the rear end portion when constructing a automobile transmission and restrain vibrations and noised during an operation. An input shaft is rotated by a crankshaft of an engine through a gear transmission mechanism provided at the front end. The rotations of this input shaft are transmitted to input disks via a driving gear, a driven gear, an external rotary cylinder, cam plates and rollers. Power rollers rotate with rotations of the input disks. The rotations of the power rollers are transmitted to an output shaft via output disks, whereby the output shaft is rotated.

Abstract: A ratio-varying component for a continuously-variable-ratio transmission of the toroidal-race rolling-traction type, in which each roller (20) spans the toroidal clearance between its respective input (4, 5) and output (11, 12) discs diametrically and the roller center (20b) is capable in operation of limited movement back and forth along the center circle (22a) of the clearance, and in which stop means (40, 41; 30, 33) are mounted adjacent both the outer and inner edges of the part-toroidal races (22, 23) on the discs, to prevent the rollers from running off the edges.

Abstract: A compact structure is provided for an continuously variable transmission, which provides a more direct application of both load and control forces at the pivot trunnion. Load forces are produced from within the pivot trunnion, providing more direct control over load forces and their effect on contact forces between traction rollers and toric discs. Control forces which establish the desired transmission ratio are applied to the pivot trunnion in a manner which substantially eliminates twisting and squirming of the support rollers. High efficiency in operation, and improved assembly is provided with the compact structure disclosed.

Abstract: A variator for a transmission of the toroidal-race rolling-traction type in which a multiplicity of input discs (1-4) and output discs (11-13) are arranged in coaxial sequence, all disc except the first (1) and last (4) in the sequence being formed with races (9, 10) on both of their faces. Drive is transmitted from the output discs to one (35) or several (45-47) output shafts, the output shaft or shafts preferably lying parallel to but displaced from the common axis (8) of the discs. Alternative ways of inter-relating the orientation of the torque-transmitting rollers (20), to produce single or multiple outputs of the transmission, are described. The invention offers the prospect of a variator of higher-than-normal traction-transmitting capacity but using discs of only normal size.

Abstract: In a vehicle having first and second wheels (e.g., front and rear wheels) to be driven with a speed difference, the wheels are driven by a toroidal type continuously variable transmission having a single input shaft and which is effective to accommodate the speed difference between the first and second wheels without a separate differential for such purpose.

Abstract: A continuously variable traction roller transmission is disclosed. A torque transmission shaft is provided at one end thereof with a flange portion. A raceway track is formed on a connecting part between an inner side wall of the flange portion and an outer peripheral wall of the torque transmission shaft. Another raceway track is formed on an inner peripheral edge portion of an outer wall of a cam plate which constitutes a pressure mechanism. A plurality of balls are arranged between both of the raceway tracks, whereby a thrust ball bearing is constructed. Thrust load exerted on the cam plate is borne by the thrust ball bearing.

Abstract: A toroidal type continuously variable transmission which is arranged such that a pair of toroidal transmission mechanisms are disposed around an input shaft connected to an engine. A forward-reverse switching device is located around the first shaft between the engine and the toroidal transmission mechanism. A control valve assembly is disposed around the forward-reverse switching device relative to the input shaft. Therefore, the needed space for the transmission is reduced, and the responsibility of controlled hydraulic pressure to each element is improved.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission is disclosed which comprises a torque transmitting device to which an engine torque is applied, the torque transmitting device being coaxially arranged on a first axis; a planetary gear mechanism to which a torque from the torque transmitting device is applied, the planetary gear mechanism being coaxially arranged on the first axis; a continuously variable type speed change device to which a torque from the planetary gear mechanism is applied, the speed change device being coaxially arranged on the first axis; an output shaft coaxially arranged on the first axis; a countershaft coaxially arranged on a second axis which is in parallel with the first axis; first gears for transmitting a torque from the speed change device to the countershaft; and second gears for transmitting a torque from the countershaft to the output shaft. The planetary gear mechanism is so arranged as to lower the torque applied thereto and transmit the lowered torque to the speed change device.

Abstract: A gear noise free toroidal continuously variable transmission is disclosed wherein in order to suppress occurrence of gear noise, a gear train is accommodated in a gear housing which includes a first housing part fixedly secured to a transmission casing and a second housing part fixedly secured to the first housing part to form a dual-walled structure.