Abstract: A small-scale thermoelectric power generator and combustion apparatus, components thereof, methods for making the same, and applications thereof. The thermoelectric power generator can include a burner including a matrix stabilized combustion chamber comprising a catalytically enhanced, porous flame containment portion. The combustion apparatus can include components connected in a loop configuration including a vaporization chamber; a mixing chamber connected to the vaporization chamber; a combustion chamber connected to the vaporization chamber; and a heat exchanger connected to the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber can include a porous combustion material which can include a unique catalytic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for reforming diesel fuel into a product gas containing H2 and CO, the diesel fuel being mixed in a first premixing stage with an O2-containing gas mixture and subsequently the thus obtained mixture being mixed in a second premixing stage with an O2-containing gas mixture and also with an exhaust gas mixture and subsequently this mixture being subjected to a hydrocarbon oxidation in a reactor with a catalyst.

Abstract: A carburetion system and method for adapting a low-Btu gas source with a low-Btu gas consumer. Pressure-based air-gas mixers geometrically appropriate for the carburetion system and method. The carburetion system comprises a low-Btu gas inlet, a gas outlet, a zero-pressure regulator, and at least one pressure-based air-gas mixer capable of maintaining a volumetric air to low-Btu gas ratio of no more than about 2:1. The method comprises diverting a low-Btu gas to a gas outlet when the gas consumer is off. The method further comprises, during operation of the consumer, diverting low-Btu gas to a zero-pressure regulator in order to balance low-Btu gas pressure with air pressure, passing low-Btu gas to at least one pressure-based air-gas mixer capable of maintaining a volumetric air to low-Btu gas ratio of no more than about 2:1, mixing the low-Btu gas with air in the at least one pressure-based air-gas mixer to form an air-gas mixture, and sending the air-gas mixture to the consumer.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to provide a method for gasifying organic materials which is simple to carry out and requires minimal equipment and which produced an undiluted gas of high calorific value. The inventive method should eliminate the need to use fluid beds and heat exchangers with high temperatures on both sides, with the heat being transferred from the furnace to a heat-carrying medium in a particularly defined way. To this end, the feed material is divided into a volatile phase and a solid carbon-containing residue in the pyrolysis reactor by circulating a hot heat-carrying medium. After the reaction agent has been added, said volatile phase is converted into the product gas by further heating in the reaction area, also using the heat-carrying medium. The solid, carbon-containing residue is separated from the heat-carrying medium in the separating stage and burnt in the furnace.

Abstract: A method for producing clean energy from coal by feeding the coal in a reactor which is sealed to the atmosphere and moving the coal in the reactor while injecting oxygen to combust a portion of the coal in a substoichiometric mode to devolatilize the coal and yield a pressurized hydrogen rich raw gas which contains coal-derived cancer causing distillates and hydrocarbons together with a hot char. The distillates and the hydrocarbons are cracked to result in a cracked gas of essentially 2H2 and 1CO which after desulfurization becomes an ideal synthesis gas that can be synthesized to a liquid fuel for heating and transportation as an alternate to petroleum.

Abstract: A device improving the combustion of a fuel by a gaseous oxidant includes a fuel intake, an oxidant intake and apparatus for keeping naphthalene in solid form in the gaseous oxidant intake to load it with naphthalene vapors as it flows towards the combustion chamber. The apparatus for keeping the naphthalene in the gaseous oxidant current includes a cartridge filled with naphthalene and having apertures forcing the oxidant gas to pass through it directly along a direction coinciding with that of the flow of the oxidant gas to the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A carburetor (2) to supply a mixture of fuel gas and combustion air to a reciprocating internal combustion engine. The carburetor has a venturi (4) and a throttle (10) including a throttle valve (24). A tear-drop shaped obstruction (36) is mounted in the venturi throat (18) on diametrically opposed radial arms (66). The narrowest part of the tubular gap (46) between the walls of venturi (4) and the obstruction (36) is at gap (48). A continuous slot (50) in the throat wall (18) encircles the obstruction and opens into gap (48). Another continuous slot (70) encircling the obstruction (36) is formed therein and also opens into the gap (48). Fuel gas is supplied to the slots (50 and 70) through passages (52, 74 and 72).

Abstract: A spud end fuel metering tube in an air-fuel mixing passage in a propane carburetor for enhancing performance of the system. The fuel supplying spud end is located in a venturi throat within the mixing chamber of the carburetor. The spud end includes linearly aligned fuel supply apertures that face downstream of the airflow therethrough. This combination provides increased power and fuel economy over a wide range of RPMs and demand levels while substantially reducing undesirable pollutant emission levels. The butterfly valve of the carburetor includes apertures formed therein for permitting the engine to idle when the butterfly valve closes eliminating the necessity for other downstream ports.

Abstract: A fuel supplying device for an engine comprises a carburetor (1) having a mixing body (2) in which a venturi passage (3) is provided, a float chamber (4) being arranged in the mixing body (2), a liquid fuel nozzle (5) communicating with the float chamber (4), a liquid fuel nozzle outlet (6) facing the venturi passage (3). The mixing body (2) is provided with a gaseous fuel nozzle (7). The liquid fuel nozzle outlet (6) and a gaseous fuel nozzle outlet (8) are faced to the same venturi passage (3) so as to be able to supply the alternative of a liquid fuel or a gaseous fuel.

Abstract: A carburetor for low pressure gaseous fuel comprising: a hollow body having a through bore, a venturi in said through bore, a throttle valve downstream of said venturi, a jet positioned in the venturi, said jet connected to a gaseous fuel supply, a flow control valve interposed between said jet and said fuel supply, said control valve being operatively connected to the throttle valve such that movement of the throttle valve causes translation of a valve element in a gas port whereby the area of the port is varied to regulate the flow of gaseous fuel to the jet in direct proportion to movement of the throttle valve.

Abstract: Production of fuel gas which generates little nitrogen oxides on combustion, has a prolonged combustion period for unit volume, and presents a high combustion temperature.Alcohol or other liquid fuel is burnt in a fuel layer 20 in a combustion chamber 18 to generate a primary fuel gas, which is mixed in a gas pipe 14 with pressurized air ejected by an air nozzle 16, where spiral flow of air is formed around the ejected air. The ratio of the cross section of the primary fuel gas flow to that of air ejected from the air nozzle 16 is first decreased and then increased, so that vortices are formed in the area where the cross section changes to react the primary fuel gas with air and decompose hydrocarbons in the primary fuel gas into carbon and hydrogen with high reactivity, thus producing a fuel gas capable of high temperature combustion with low amount of nitrogen oxides generated.

Abstract: A fuel-air mixer body (12) includes a mixer passage (14) extending therethrough with a fuel release body (24) positioned centrally within the mixer passage. A flow control section (28) of the mixer passage (14) is defined between the inner wall (20) of the mixer passage (14) and the outer wall of the fuel release body (24), and includes a flow restricting section (30) and a flow area increasing section (32). As input air to be mixed with fuel for combustion flows through the mixer passage (14), a relatively high pressure area is formed in the flow restricting section (30), a first pressure reduction area is produced in the flow area increasing section (32), and a second pressure reduction area is produced downstream from the fuel release body (24). Gaseous fuel may be released into the air flow at two separate locations. The first location is in the flow area increasing section (32) and the second location is at the end of the fuel release body (24).

Abstract: A gaseous fuel management system for an internal combustion engine having a source of gaseous fuel such as LPG or CNG, a throttle control and an exhaust system and having an air intake tube for conducting combustion air into the manifold of the engine and an angularly movable butterfly valve disposed in the air intake tube, responsive to the operation of the throttle control. A fuel delivery bar having an interior longitudinal fuel conducting bore is diametrically disposed in the air intake tube upstream from the butterfly valve and has a plurality of fuel delivery orifices in its downstream facing side which orifices communicate with the interior of the bar. A fuel lane interconnects the interior bore of the fuel delivery bar to the fuel source and an electronically controlled valve meters the amount of fuel admitted to the interior bore of the fuel delivery bar as a function of the oxygen content of the products of combustion in the exhaust system.

Abstract: A carburetor-fuel preconditioner for internal combustion engines comprising a bubble chamber for holding fuel at a preselected level and for bubbling air therethrough; a multiplicity of catalytic beads located within the bubble chamber in contact with gasoline fuel for producing an air-fuel vapor mixture and for the catalytic cracking of long molecular hydrocarbon chains; and at least one air-fuel vapor mixing conduit located between the bubble chamber and the intake manifold of the engine to provide proper air-fuel ratio to the vapor entering the engine cylinders. A screen may be provided in the bubble chamber to prevent dislocation of the catalytic beads. Each mixing conduit is provided with a plurality of peripherally spaced baffles for creating an air-fuel vortex for superior mixing.

Abstract: A generator for converting volatile combustible liquids, such as gasoline, methanol and the like, into an aeriform gas including a closed vessel containing liquid gasoline maintained at a predetermined level, evaporating the liquid gasoline by passing streams of desiccated atmospheric air therethrough, after which the resulting gas is passed through specially processed charcoal material, which stabilizes the resulting gas into an aeriform gas as a fuel source for internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A fuel vapor producing device comprising a liquid fuel or mixture bowl-shape container; an associated cover for said container having a fuel inlet valve; and a float secured in said device, said cover integrally incorporating therewith a cylindrical air filter housing disposed vertically and concentrically on top thereof; an air agitator duct integrated in said device extending from the air filter housing to the bottom thereto to agitate the fuel or mixture therein; another air duct in said air filter housing, said air duct extending to the inside of said container having an outwardly bent portion to produce a swirling effect of the air to achieve a higher degree of mixture; a multi air jet selector disc provided on said air filter housing, said selector disc having a plurality of spaced holes of gradually increasing apertures adapted to the air duct opening on said housing, the opening of said air ducts depending on the requirement of an engine piston displacement to control the air-fuel mixture of the engin

Abstract: A carburetor device for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The device includes a well adjacent to the intake manifold for holding a quantity of liquid fuel. Perforated tubing is in the bottom of the well, and air under pressure is selectively supplied to the tubing to froth the liquid fuel and produce fuel vapor. The amount of the tubing receiving air under pressure is varied in accordance with fuel demand. The fuel vapor is mixed with ambient air and directed into the intake manifold. The system includes a storage tank for providing the air under pressure, and a pump to supply air to the storage tank.

Abstract: Enriching apparatus for low quality gas, such as methane as found trapped in mines, low B.T.U. gas, and/or air or combinations of either. Such gas and/or air is passed through naphthalene pellets and gasoline or other petrochemical products which then absorb properties of enriching materials and emit enriched gas in place of the low B.T.U. gas and/or air. Several enrichers may be connected in series and the enriched gas is then pressurized for use in a high pressure gas distribution line. Carbonaceous powder may be blown into the gas stream to further enrich it, for use in industrial applications.

Abstract: A demand type governor for gaseous fuel internal combustion engines, various kinds of breathing and heating apparatus and similar applications features a diaphragm controlled inlet valve having two different rates of opening movement for a given rate of movement of the diaphragm producing a relatively small amount of valve movement in relation to diaphragm movement for instances of lower demands and a relatively larger amount of valve movement in relation to diaphragm movement for instances of higher demands, all by means of a lever-fulcrum arrangement having a higher mechanical advantage in the first instances and a lower mechanical advantage in the second instances. Other features of the governor help assure its uniform, relatively frictionless operation, and its ease and economy of manufacture.