Abstract: The present invention relates to a particle mixture comprising particles of glass frit and particles of a crystalline oxide material, wherein the glass frit comprises silicon oxide (SiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO) and sulfur (S) and wherein the D90 particle size of the particle mixture is less than 5 microns. The particle mixture may be used to apply an enamel to a substrate. The present invention further relates to the use of the particle mixture to form an enamel on a substrate, to a glass sheet and to an automotive window pane.

Abstract: Examples of a high voltage insulator are described. The high-voltage insulator is vacuum compatible and comprises a glass substrate having a face surface and a ceramic layer with uniform thickness coated on the face surface of 5 the glass substrate. The coated surface of the insulator is able to withstand high voltage pulses and exposure to charged particles radiation for a pre-determined time period. The ceramic coated glass insulator is made of a single piece of glass and can be made to large sizes.

Abstract: A solar cell element containing: a semiconductor substrate; an antireflection film disposed in a first region on one main surface of the semiconductor substrate; and a front surface electrode disposed in a second region on the one main surface of the semiconductor substrate and containing silver as a main component and a tellurium-based glass containing tellurium, tungsten, and bismuth. The solar cell element is manufactured by forming the antireflection film on the one main substrate surface; printing on the antireflection film a conductive paste containing a conductive powder mainly containing silver, a tellurium-based glass frit containing tellurium, tungsten, and bismuth, and an organic vehicle; and disposing the antireflection film in the first region and forming the front surface electrode in the second region, by firing the paste and eliminating the antireflection film positioned under the paste.

Abstract: Paste compositions, methods of making a paste composition, and methods of making a solar cell contact are disclosed. The paste composition can contain a nickel intermetallic compound such as nickel silicide, nickely boride or nickel phosphide, a glass frit, a metal additive and an organic vehicle system. The paste can be used for making a solar cell contact.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments relate to improved seals for glass articles. Certain example embodiments relate to a composition used for sealing an insulted glass unit. In certain example embodiments the composition includes vanadium oxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide, and at least one additional additive. For instance, another additive that is a different metal oxide or different metal chloride may be provided. In certain example embodiments, a vacuum insulated glass unit includes first and second glass substrates that are sealed together with a seal that includes the above-described composition.

Abstract: Bondability and heat conductivity of a bonded body in which some of metal, ceramic, or semiconductor are bonded to each other are improved. In the bonded body in which a first member and a second member each comprise one of metal, ceramic, or semiconductor are bonded to each other, the second member is bonded to the first member by way of an adhesive member disposed to the surface of the first member, and the adhesive member contains a V2O5-containing glass and metal particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting a target molecule in a sample by metal dissolution as described in the specification, said method using an electrical readout; to kits adapted for this method and to electrodes suitable for such kits and methods.

Abstract: A lead-tellurium-lithium-titanium-oxide glass composition is useful as a component of a conductive silver paste. Especially useful are P-containing and V-containing lead-tellurium-lithium-titanium-oxide glass composition. Conductive silver via paste comprising particulate conductive silver and any of the lead-tellurium-lithium-titanium-oxide glass compositions of the invention can be used in providing the metallization of the holes in the silicon wafers of MWT solar cells. The result is a metallic electrically conductive via between the collector lines on the front side and the emitter electrode on the back-side of the solar cell. The paste can also be used to form the collector lines on the front-side of the solar cell and the emitter electrode on the back-side of the solar cell.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a glass frit and a composition for solar cell electrodes including the same. The glass frit includes lead oxide (PbO) and boron oxide (B2O3) in a weight ratio of lead oxide to boron oxide of about 1:0.075 to about 1:1, wherein a mixture of the glass frit and aluminum (Al) powder in a weight ratio of about 1:1 exhibits a phase transition peak in the range of about 400° C. to about 650° C. on a cooling curve obtained via TG-DTA analysis, measured after heating the mixture to 900° C. at a heating rate of 20° C./min, holding for ten minutes, followed by cooling the mixture at a cooling rate of 10° C. The composition can provide stable efficiency given varying surface resistance and minimize adverse influence on a p-n junction.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electroconductive silver thick film paste composition comprising Ag, a glass frit and rhodium resinate, Cr2O3 or a mixture thereof all dispersed in an organic medium. The present invention is further directed to an electrode formed from the paste composition and a semiconductor device and, in particular, a solar cell comprising such an electrode. The paste is particularly useful for forming a tabbing electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to glass and enamel compositions. The glass compositions include SiO2, Nb2O5, Na2O, B2O3, ZnO, Bi2O3, TiO2, MoO3, ZrO2, Y2O3, Al2O3, Li2O, and K2O. The glass compositions can be used to form an enamel on a substrate, for example, to decorate and/or protect the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a bonding material which can bond base materials or substrates having different linear thermal expansion coefficients, and can have heat resistance against temperatures of 300° C. or higher, vacuum airtightness and bonding strength, further which has excellent handleability and workability. The bonding material is produced by mixing, in a content ratio of 0.01 to 60 mass % (to the whole), a metal Ga, and/or at least one metal or alloy powder selected from the group consisting of a metal powder mixture of a combination of Bi and Sn or an alloy powder thereof, and a metal powder mixture of a combination of Bi, Sn and Mg or an alloy powder thereof with a Bi2O3-based glass frit powder having an average particle diameter of 200 ?m or less. The bonding material may be formed in a paste form by adding a solvent thereto. This feature makes it possible to bond together substrates having different thermal expansion coefficients without causing a crack or unsticking.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic body, a glass coating layer, and terminal electrodes. End portions of inner electrodes are exposed at a surface of the ceramic body. The glass coating layer covers portions of the ceramic body in which the inner electrodes are exposed. The terminal electrodes are disposed directly above the glass coating layer and are each constituted by a plating film. The glass coating layer includes a glass medium and metal powder particles that are dispersed in the glass medium and define conductive paths which electrically connect the inner electrodes and the terminal electrodes. The metal powder particles include first metal powder particles and second metal powder particles. The first metal powder particles are flat or substantially flat powder particles. The second metal powder particles are spherical or substantially spherical powder particles.

Abstract: When local heating by use of laser sealing or the like is applied, the bonding strength between glass substrates and a sealing layer is improved to provide an electronic device having increased reliability. An electronic device includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, and a sealing layer to seal an electronic element portion disposed between these glass substrates. The sealing layer is a layer obtained by locally heating a sealing material by an electromagnetic wave, such as laser light or infrared light, to melt-bond the sealing material, the sealing material containing sealing glass, a low-expansion filler and an electromagnetic wave absorber. In the first and second glass substrates, each reacted layer is produced to have a maximum depth of at least 30 nm from an interface with the sealing layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are lead free glass frit powder for manufacturing a silicon solar cell, its producing method, a metal paste composition containing the same and a silicon solar cell. The lead free glass frit powder for manufacturing a silicon solar cell includes Bi2O3; B2O3; and any one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of ZnO, Al2O3 and BaCO3, or mixtures thereof. The glass frit powder is free of lead, and thus, it is environmental friendly. A front electrode of a solar cell formed using the glass frit powder has low resistance against contact with a substrate and high adhesion to the substrate.

Abstract: A low softening point glass composition, which is substantially free from lead, bismuth and antimony and comprises oxides of vanadium, phosphorous, tellurium and iron, a softening point of the composition being 380° C. or lower.

Abstract: A low softening point glass composition, which is substantially free from lead, bismuth and antimony and comprises oxides of vanadium, phosphorous, tellurium and iron, a softening point of the composition being 380° C. or lower.

Abstract: This invention relates to glass and enamel compositions. The glass compositions comprise SiO2, Cs2O, Na2O, ZnO, B2O3, and TiO2, and optionally Bi2O3 and F. The resulting compositions can be used to form an enamel on a substrate, for example, to decorate and/or protect the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a cover coating composition for a glass lining comprising a frit constituting the composition which mainly includes 65 to 75 mol % of SiO2, 2 to 8 mol % of ZrO2, 10 to 22 mol % of R2O where R represents Li, K, or Cs, and 2 to 12 mol % of R?O where R? represents Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba, and the frit is free of Na2O, and said cover coating composition for a glass lining may further contain a metal fiber.

Abstract: A far infrared emitting nano glazed comprised of a mixture of 35˜65% solvent, 1˜35% solubilizing agent, 0˜25% refractory agent but not including 0%, 0.1˜5% adhesive agent, 0.5˜30% far infrared powder, and 0.5˜10% nano material, added with water to be ground into a solution with of 350±20 g/200 cc concentration and 200˜325 mesh fineness; then applied to surface of ceramic body or biscuit and then sintered at 1120° C.˜1350° C. into a finished ceramic product provided with far infrared function and nano characteristics to maintain clean, bright and attractive surface, antibiotic and activate the substance contained therein.

Abstract: There is described a sealing composition for sealing aluminum nitride and aluminum oxynitride ceramics comprising: a mixture of SiO2, at least one other metal oxide, and a silicon additive comprising at least one of silicon metal or a silicide. The silicon additive acts to suppress the formation of nitrogen bubbles during the sealing of articles comprised of aluminum nitride or aluminum oxynitride ceramics, e.g., as in the case of a ceramic discharge vessel for a high intensity discharge lamp.

Abstract: A colorant for a high redox glass composition comprising: total iron (Fe2O3) 0 to 1.1 weight percent; and from 0.0001 to 0.15 weight percent of at least one of the following: Cu nanostructures, Au nanostructures, or Ag nanostructures, wherein the weight percents are based on the total weight of the glass composition. The colorant of the invention can be used to make glass compositions having various colors.

Abstract: There is described a sealing composition for sealing aluminum nitride and aluminum oxynitride ceramics comprising: a mixture of SiO2, at least one other metal oxide, and a silicon additive comprising at least one of silicon metal or a silicide. The silicon additive acts to suppress the formation of nitrogen bubbles during the sealing of articles comprised of aluminum nitride or aluminum oxynitride ceramics, e.g., as in the case of a ceramic discharge vessel for a high intensity discharge lamp.

Abstract: The present invention provides a glass flake having sufficiently high visible-light absorptivity. The glass flake of the present invention includes a glass composition that contains a transition metal oxide such as an iron oxide and that allows the glass flake to have a visible-light transmittance of 85% or lower measured with an A light source when the glass flake has a thickness of 15 ?m. In this glass composition, it is preferable that the content of Fe2O3 (T?Fe2O3) in terms of the total iron satisfies the following formula, expressed in mass %: 10<T?Fe2O3?50.

Abstract: The invention relates to glass compositions useful in conductive pastes for silicon semiconductor devices and photovoltaic cells. The thick film conductor compositions include one or more electrically functional powders and one or more glass frits dispersed in an organic medium. The thick film compositions may also include one or more additive(s). Exemplary additives may include metals, metal oxides or any compounds that can generate these metal oxides during firing.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for preparing visible light optical polarizers using a non-halide silver salt and any glass composition that the non-halide silver salts is soluble, provided that the glass composition, including the silver salt, was a halide content that is, on a molar basis, 10% or less than the silver content, on a molar basis, of the glass composition. The silver containing glass is hydrogen reduced prior to stretching to form an optical polarizer. The invention enables one to form a visible light polarizer having a polarizing layer thickness in the range 10-40 ?m in which the silver particles have a surround index sufficiently removed from the blue polarizer region to allow good contrast.

Abstract: The present invention provides a frit containing substantially no lead, which is applicable to a member having ? of at most 50×10<7/° C. A frit comprising a low-melting point glass powder and a refractory filler powder, containing substantially no lead, having a thermal expansion coefficient of at most 50×10?7/° C., and being processable at 500° C. or lower, wherein the above low-melting point glass powder satisfies a softening pour point range of at least 30° C.

Abstract: For mounting on a substrate by using an electroconductive adhesive, an electroconductive paste for forming an external electrode which has improved moisture resistance and which is resistant to occurrence of external-electrode peeling, as well as a ceramic electronic component including the electroconductive paste are provided. The electroconductive paste includes a base-metal electroconductive powder, first glass frit, and an organic vehicle, wherein the first glass frit has a B2O3 content of 10 to 20 percent by mole, a SiO2 content of 50 to 65 percent by mole, an alkali metal oxide content of 10 to 20 percent by mole, a ZnO content of 1 to 5 percent by mole, a TiO2 content of 1 to 5 percent by mole, a ZrO2 content of 1 to 5 percent by mole, and an Al2O3 content of 1 to 5 percent by mole.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a silver-containing polarizing boroaluminosilicate glass composition that has been doped with a noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd, Os, Ir, Rh and Ru, including mixtures thereof, to nucleate and precipitate silver ions to silver metal without the need for a reducing atmosphere step. The invention is further directed to a method for making the glass composition of the invention. Using the composition and method of the invention, one can prepare a glass having a selected null transmission range.

Abstract: Thick film conductive copper pastes that are lead-free and cadmium-free. The inventive copper pastes possess desirable characteristics, including good solderability, good wire bondability, a low firing temperature, and a wide temperature processing window, and provide excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates, including alumina and glass coated stainless steel substrates, as well as low resistivity, and a microstructure after firing that is dense and substantially free of pores.

Abstract: A far infrared emitting nano glazed comprised of a mixture of 35˜65% solvent, 1˜35% solubilizing agent, 0˜25% refractory agent but not including 0%, 0.1˜5% adhesive agent, 0.5˜30% far infrared powder, and 0.5˜10% nano material, added with water to be ground into a solution with of 350±20 g/200 cc concentration and 200˜325 mesh fineness; then applied to surface of ceramic body or biscuit and then sintered at 1120° C.˜1350° C. into a finished ceramic product provided with far infrared function and nano characteristics to maintain clean, bright and attractive surface, antibiotic and activate the substance contained therein.

Abstract: A reduction resistant lead-free and cadmium-free glass composition that is particularly suitable for use in conductive ink applications is disclosed. The invention includes a capacitor, which includes a conductive copper termination. The copper termination is made by firing an ink including a glass component, which may include ZnO, provided the amount does not exceed about 65 mole %; B2O3, provided the amount does not exceed about 61 mole %; and, SiO2, provided the amount does not exceed about 63 mole %. The molar ratio of B2O3 to SiO2 is from about 0.05 to about 3.

Abstract: Provided is a conductive paste capable of adjusting resistivity and forming a conductor film having high strength of bonding with a glass substrate and high mounting strength of a metal terminal. The conductive paste contains a conductive component, a glass frit having a composition containing a Bi2O3—B2O3—SiO2—Al2O3 or Bi2O3—B2O3—SiO2—Al2O3—ZnO primary component and about 0.5 to 5% by weight of NiO as a secondary component, and an organic vehicle. The conductive paste is applied on a glass substrate and then baked to form a conductor film. A glass circuit structure formed by using the conductor film can be advantageously used as a defogging glass for an automobile window.

Abstract: Thick film conductive copper pastes that are lead-free and cadmium-free. The inventive copper pastes possess desirable characteristics, including good solderability, good wire bondability, a low firing temperature, and a wide temperature processing window, and provide excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates, including alumina and glass coated stainless steel substrates, as well as low resistivity, and a microstructure after firing that is dense and substantially free of pores.

Abstract: A thick-film composition comprising: (a) conductive metal; (b) crystallized glass; (c) amorphous glass; and (d) organic medium.

Abstract: A method of providing covert security features for documents such as vouchers, packaged goods and banknotes in which the document is provided with a dopant. The dopant consisting of a material which can be identified by examination of its response to visible wavelength photon radiation and which can be applied directly on or into the document or can be fused into glass matrices before application.

Abstract: A glass containing no lead and comprising, calculated as oxides: 40-60 wt. % ZnO, 15-35 wt. % B2O3, 1-16 wt. % SiO2, 1-10 wt. % Al2O3, 2-15 wt. % MnO2, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Li2O, Na2O and K2O in their total of 0.5-10 wt. %, and a glass with the above-described components where a total of at least one selected from the group consisting of Li2O, Na2O and K2O is 0-5 wt. %, and at least one selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, TiO2, Cr2O3, ZrO2, Ta2O5, SnO2, and Fe2O3 is further included in their total of 0.1-5 wt. %. A conductive paste using such a glass as an inorganic binder has a superior binder removal ability and a good sinterability and can form dense conductors with excellent characteristics with respect to resistance to plating solutions, adhesive strength, resistance to thermal shocks, etc.

Abstract: A far infrared emitting nono glazed comprised of a mixture of 35˜65% solvent, 1˜35% solubilizing agent, 0˜25% refractory agent, 0.1˜5% adhesive agent, 0.5˜30% far infrared powder, and 0.5˜10% nano material, added with water to be ground into a solution with of 350±20 g/200 cc concentration and 200˜325 mesh fineness; then applied to surface of ceramic body or biscuit and then sintered at 1120° C.˜1350° C. into a finished ceramic product provided with far infrared function and nano characteristics to maintain clean, bright and attractive surface, antibiotic and activate the substance contained therein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for use in forming a porcelain enamel coating having a metallic appearance. The composition according to the invention preferably includes a low shear blend of a glass component and metal particles such as aluminum, nickel, copper and stainless steel. The glass component includes at least one glass frit that fuses at a temperature of less than about 600° C. Upon firing at a temperature of from about 535° C. to about 600° C., the composition forms a vitreous porcelain enamel coating that has a metallic appearance, which through the incorporation of various optional pigments and/or mill additions, can range from a bright brushed nickel or stainless steel appearance to a matte dark metallic finish.

Abstract: This invention provides an antimicrobial glass which exhibits excellent dispersing ability into a resin and excellent transparency besides generating small yellowing and a method for manufacturing the antimicrobial glass. In the antimicrobial glass capable of releasing an Ag ion, a shape of the antimicrobial glass is formed into a polyhedron and, at the same time, an average particle size of the antimicrobial glass is set to a value within a range of 0.1 to 300 &mgr;m.

Abstract: Rolls include a core and a glass outer coating on the core. The glass can be electrically charged and discharged. The outer coatings have smooth finishes and controlled electrical properties. The outer coatings can also provide selected mechanical, chemical and thermal properties. The rolls can be used in various applications in which controlled electrical properties are desired. For example, the rolls can be used as charge donor rolls in electrostatographic imaging apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for use in forming a porcelain enamel coating having a metallic appearance. The composition according to the invention preferably includes a low shear blend of a glass component and metal particles such as aluminum, nickel, copper and stainless steel. The glass component includes at least one glass frit that fuses at a temperature of less than about 600° C. Upon firing at a temperature of from about 535° C. to about 600° C., the composition forms a vitreous porcelain enamel coating that has a metallic appearance, which through the incorporation of various optional pigments and/or mill additions, can range from a bright brushed nickel or stainless steel appearance to a matte dark metallic finish.

Abstract: Polarized glass articles having a wavelength range that is broadened for high contrast-ratio applications. A method that imparts to a glass article a high contrast ratio of at least 40 dB for use as dichroic glass polarizers over a wavelength range of 880 nm to 1,690 nm while keeping a high transmission value. The method comprises the step of heating the glass article at a temperature ranging from 400 to 450° C. in a reducing atmosphere for a period of time ranging from 12 to 30 hours. Preferably, the reducing atmosphere is hydrogen at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A glass ceramic, for use as a resistor or a gas-tight glass ceramic solder for use in a spark plug, includes a fused seal of a starting glass fused from a starting mixture containing SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2 and CaO, the fused seal including crystalline phases in at least some areas. A method for producing such a glass ceramic provides for the starting glass to be processed in a first method step to form a starting material, which is heated for a first period of time in a second method step from a starting temperature, which is below the softening temperature of the starting glass, to a fusion temperature, which is above the softening temperature of the starting glass, and is kept at that temperature for a second period of time and finally is cooled again. A spark plug may include a terminal stud and a center electrode, which are electrically connected across a resistor that is formed in at least some areas by the glass ceramic.

Abstract: A glass or glass powder is fused from a starting mixture containing approximately 38 wt % to 48 wt % SO2, 15 wt % to 19 wt % Al2O3, 4.5 wt % to 11 wt % TiO2, 0 wt % to 1.5 wt % Na2O, 0 wt % to 1.5 wt % K2O and 23 wt % to 30 wt % CaO. In addition, a glass powder mixture includes two glass powders, a carbon black powder and an organic binder, the first glass powder having a mean particle size of approximately 150 &mgr;m to 250 &mgr;m, the second glass powder having a mean particle size of less than approximately 100 &mgr;m, which may be 10 &mgr;m to 70 &mgr;m. The glass or glass powder mixture is suitable for producing a glass ceramic, such as that used as a resistor seal and/or a gas-tight glass ceramic solder in a spark plug.

Abstract: A conductive paste for forming terminal electrodes of a monolithic ceramic electronic component having nickel internal electrodes is provided. The conductive paste includes at least one of a silver powder and a silver alloy powder, a boron powder, an inorganic binder and an organic vehicle. The amount of the boron powder is at least about 0.5 percent by weight and less than about 7.0 percent by weight of the total weight of the conductive paste.

Abstract: Provided is a Ag-based conductive paste for a terminal electrode which suppresses oxidation of the Ni surface of an internal conductor and therefore brings about excellent joining with Ni even when baking is performed in the atmosphere in the case where Ni is used as the internal conductor of a laminated ceramic electronic component. The conductive paste includes at least one of an Ag powder and an Ag alloy powder, a nickel boride powder, an inorganic binder and an organic vehicle, wherein the quantity of the nickel boride powder is within the range of about 5% by weight or more, but less than about 60% by weight of the total paste.

Abstract: Systems and methods of making and using fine particle materials in pigment blends and for using the aforementioned pigment blends in paint, coating, or coloring compositions are provided. This invention further provides systems and methods of enhancing the visual appearance of a variety of substrates by introducing a paint, coating, or coloring composition to the substrate. The fine particle materials of the present invention have a substantially random geometric shape, a particle size less than about 100 microns, and help provide both functional and visual enhancing properties to compositions and substrates containing these fine particle materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass powder, where at least one oxidizing agent or one reducing agent is added to the glass powder. The glass powder is preferably used as dental glass powder.

Abstract: Resistors can be screen printed onto a green tape stack from a resistor ink comprising ruthenium oxide and a sufficient amount of a low melting temperature glass so that the resultant mixture fires at a temperature of 850-900° C. A conductive layer, as of silver, terminates the screen printed resistor layer and one or two green tapes are applied over the resistor layer to embed the resistors during firing. A final conductive layer is applied after firing.