Abstract: Glasses for use as substrates for flat panel displays, having a composition consisting essentially of, as calculated in weight percent on an oxide basis, 38-56 SiO.sub.2, 10-28 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-4 Li.sub.2 O, 0-6 Na.sub.2 O, 0-15 K.sub.2 O, 4-18 CaO, 0-5 MgO, more than 8 and less than or equal to about 24 SrO, 0-2 ZrO.sub.2, said glass further consisting essentially of Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O in total between about 6 and 18 weight percent.

Abstract: Glasses for use as substrates for flat panel displays, having a composition consisting essentially of, as calculated in weight percent on an oxide basis, of 42-62 SiO.sub.2, 15-28 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-4 B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 3-10 Na.sub.2 O, 2-12 K.sub.2 O, 0-6 MgO, 9.5-24 CaO, 0-8 SrO, 0-16 BaO, 0-4 ZrO.sub.2 and 4-16 Li.sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O.

Abstract: The oxyhalide rare earth doped laser glass of the present invention comprises the substitution of fluorine for oxygen in glasses having the general molar batch composition of 50% SiO.sub.2, 25% CaO, 25% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 to improve the distribution of rare earth dopants in the glass. The general molar batch composition of the invention ranges from approximately 45-70% SiO.sub.2, 15-35% CaO, 10-25% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 4-15% Al.sub.2 F.sub.6, and 0.001-2% Er.sub.2 O.sub.3. This substitution of fluorine into the 2SiO.sub.2. Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. CaO glass system provides erbium doped laser glasses having a Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 batch content of 0.01 mole % Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 to 1.2 mole % Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 (500 ppm Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 to 5.68 wt. % Er.sub.2 O.sub.3) which show little to no concentration quenching and exhibit useful fluorescence lifetimes of approximately 6 milliseconds (ms) or greater.

Abstract: Transparent glass obtained from a mixture of oxides, wherein the mixture of oxides has the following composition, expressed as a percentage of the total weight:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 59 to 78 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 2 to 8 Na.sub.2 O 3 to 8 K.sub.2 O 0.2 to 1.5 Li.sub.2 O 0.5 to 2.5 CaO 3 to 12 MgO 1 to 8 ZnO 0.2 to 3 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 1.5 to 4 TiO.sub.2 0.1 to 0.8 ZrO.sub.2 0.7 to 2.5 Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.01 to 0.3 SO.sub.3 0.01 to 0.3 CeO.sub.2 0.1 to 0.2 ______________________________________This glass is particularly strong.

Abstract: Vitrified phosphor articles, intermediates, and methods for preparing the articles. In the methods, a combination of species are admixed. The combination of species are precursors for a glass-forming system. The glass-forming system includes precursors for a crystalline radiographic phosphor. The admixed combination of species are fired to form a melt having a single liquid. The product of the melt is molten-shaped.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glass articles transparent to visible radiation, but opaque to ultraviolet radiation, rendering them particularly suitable for protecting the wearer of such lenses from exposure to laser radiation in the ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The method involves exposing silver halide-containing glass articles to flowing hydrogen in a heat chamber operating at 375.degree.-500.degree. C. for at least four hours to produce an integral reduced layer in at least one surface of the articles of sufficient depth to prevent the transmission of ultraviolet radiation through the articles.

Abstract: An improved interface coating for a fibrous material composed of a silicon-containing boron nitride having the general composition BSi.sub.x N.sub.1+1.33x, and containing from 2 wt % to 42 wt % of silicon, with substantially no free silicon present. The coating is formed by CVD using reactant vapors of ammonia and a gaseous source of both boron and silicon which flow into the furnace chamber at a controlled flow ratio to nitride the deposit to form the complex coating.

Abstract: Transparent oxynitride glass has transmittance of at least 80%/mm in a wavelength region of 400 to 800 nm, with Si particles or Si alloy particles of not more than 1.0.times.10.sup.9 /cm.sup.3 in number. Glass fiber prepared by drawing this glass can attain strength which is by far superior to that of conventional oxide glass fiber, to be preferably applied to reinforcing fiber.

Abstract: The borosilicate glass has a UV transmission of at least 80% at a UV wavelength of about 254 nm for a borosilicate glass sheet thickness of 2 mm, a linear coefficient of thermal expansion, .alpha..sub.20/300, of 3.2 to 3.4.times.10.sup.-6 K.sup.-1, a hydrolytic resistance of class 1 and a composition in % by weight based on oxide of______________________________________ glass formers <96%, SiO.sub.2 from 79.0 to 81.0%, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 12.5 to 13.0%, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 from 2.0 to 4.0%, alkali metal oxides >2%, ______________________________________wherein said alkali metal oxides include from 2.0 to 3.5% said K.sub.2 O and from 1.0 to 2.0% said Li.sub.2 O, ______________________________________ alkaline earth metal <0.3%, oxides + ZnO reducing agent 0.025 to 2%, and non-oxidizing fining agent 0 to 3%. ______________________________________The weight ratio of K.sub.2 O to Li.sub.2 O is from 2:1 to 1:1 in the borosilicate glass.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of glasses useful for ophthalmic applications which exhibit excellent resistance to the development of coloration upon being exposed to x-radiation and excellent resistance to the development of solarization. The glass compositions are essentially free of lead and consist essentially, in weight percent, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 60-70 ZrO.sub.2 0.5-2 TiO.sub.2 0-1.5 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.5-5 CeO.sub.2 0.1-0.3 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.5 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 2-6 Li.sub.2 O 0-2 SO.sub.3 0-0.3 Na.sub.2 O 9-14 MgO 0-5 Br 0-0.5 K.sub.2 O 3-10 SrO 0-5 Cl 0-0.5 CaO 0.5-4 BaO 0-5 F 0-0.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a novel and unique class of gly materials and methods of making such materials in which substantially all of the anions are nitride ions, in contrast to the oxide ions of conventional optical glasses, or the fluoride ions of the more recently discovered fluoride optical glasses. The chemical nature of these new glasses dispose the glassy materials to a remarkable combination of desirable properties, including, but not limited to, high hardness, high refractive index and high softening temperature.

Abstract: A glass article that is effective in polarizing radiation in the range of 400-700 nm and method of making, the glass having an R.sub.2 O--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --B.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 base glass composition, a precipitated crystal phase consisting of a halide selected from the group composed of cuprous, cadmium and mixed cuprous-cadmium halides, the crystals in the crystal phase being elongated, and a portion of the crystals near the surface of the article being at least partially reduced to colloidal copper, whereby the article exhibits permanent dichroic behavior and has a polarization efficiency across the entire wavelength range of 400-700 nm of at least 0.80.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of a silver halide-containing glass article essentially free from silver halide crystals exhibiting a bright yellow coloration which strongly attenuates the transmission of ultraviolet radiation and radiation having a wavelength up to about 450 nm, said article having an integral reduced surface layer thereon, the depth of that layer being sufficient to effectively prevent the transmission therethrough of ultraviolet radiation and radiation having a wavelength up to about 450 nm.

Abstract: This invention is directed primarily to a composition for a photochromic glass which is essentially colorless in the undarkened state consisting essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 54-58 TiO.sub.2 0-2 PbO 0-0.8 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 18-22 ZrO.sub.2 2-4.5 Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.2 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 7-8 Ag 0.155-0.175 Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.5 Li.sub.2 O 3.75-4.5 Cl 0.3-0.4 Au 0-5 ppm Na.sub.2 O 0-1 Br 0.08-0.11 Pd 0.8-1.2 ppm K.sub.2 O 5.5-7.5 CuO 0.0065-0.01 ______________________________________wherein the mole ratio Li.sub.2 O:Na.sub.2 O.gtoreq.9:1, said glass at a thickness of 2 mm exhibiting a coloration in the fully darkened state corresponding to the chromaticity coordinates, in accordance with the 1931 C.I.E. trichromatic colorimetric system, falling within area IJKLI in the appended drawing.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a novel and unique class of gly materials and methods of making such materials in which substantially all of the anions are nitride ions, in contrast to the oxide ions of conventional optical glasses, or the fluoride ions of the more recently discovered fluoride optical glasses. The chemical nature of these new glasses dispose the glassy materials to a remarkable combination of desirable properties, including, but not limited to, high hardness, high refractive index and high softening temperature.

Abstract: A UV-absorbing, polarizing glass article and method of making, the glass having an R.sub.2 O-B.sub.2 O.sub.3 -SiO.sub.2 base glass composition, a sharp spectral cut-off at about 400 nm, a precipitated crystal phase consisting of a halide selected from the group composed of cuprous, cadmium and mixed cuprous-cadmium halides, the crystallites in the crystal phase being elongated, and a portion of the crystallites near the surface of the article being at least partially reduced to colloidal copper, whereby the article exhibits permanent dichroic behavior.

Abstract: A dental ceramic material is disclosed for the preparation and repair of metal ceramic and fully ceramic dentures, which has a processing temperature of 660.degree..+-.30.degree. C., and has the following composition: 60 to 65% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 8.5 to 11% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 8 to 12% by weight of K.sub.2 O, 10.5 to 12% by weight of Na.sub.2 O, 0.7 to 2% by weight of CaO, 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.1 to 0.6% by weight of Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0 to 0.5% by weight of CeO.sub.2, 1.0 to 3.8% by weight of TiO.sub.2, 0.8 to 1.4% by weight of Li.sub.2 O, and 0.6 to 2.4% by weight of F.sub.2.

Abstract: The invention provides: a glass composition comprising about 20 to about 85% of SiO.sub.2, about 2 to about 75% of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, about 15% or less of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, about 30% or less of at least one of Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O and Cs.sub.2 O, about 0.1 to about 10% of ZnO, about 10% or less, calculated as total amount in combination with ZnO, of at least one of MgO, CaO, BaO, SrO and PbO, about 10% or less of at least one of ZrO.sub.2, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, and about 0.05 to about 15% of at least one copper halide.

Abstract: A transparent photochromic glass displaying a pink hue in the darkened state which, in bodies of 2 mm cross section, will exhibit the following optical properties:(a) a clear (undarkened) luminous transmittance greater than 82%;(b) a darkened luminous transmittance after 15 minutes' exposure to actinic radiation at 25.degree. C. between about 20-32%;(c) a darkened luminous transmittance after 15 minutes' exposure to actinic radiation at 40.degree. C. between about 35-55%;(d) a rate of fading such that the luminous transmittance after 5 minutes' removal from actinic radiation at 25.degree. C. will be at least 30 percentage units higher and will exhibit a luminous transmittance greater than 50%;(e) a x trichromatic coordinate between 0.3500 and 0.3700; and(f) a y trichromatic coordinate between 0.3250 and 0.3450;said glass consisting essentially, expressed in terms of weight percent on the oxide basis, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 52-58 ZrO.sub.2 1.5-2.8 K.sub.2 O 4-8 B.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: Thermally induced color is developed in a glass article containing a silver halide crystal phase by including in the glass batch a thermal reducing agent, retaining the thermal reducing agent in its lower valence state while meltinq the batch and forming the glass article and subsequently heat treating the article to partially reduce the silver halide crystal phase.

Abstract: A silver halide photochromic glass hasa. a clear luminous transmittance of about 90%,b. A darkened luminous transmittance at 20.degree. C. below about 25%.c. A fading rate at 20.degree. C. such that, after a five minute fading interval, the glass exhibits a percent faded luminous transmittance that is no more than the darkened luminous transmittance percentage plus 15. The glass has an R.sub.2 O--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --B.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 base composition, contains as additives, in percent by weight, 0.1-0.3% Ag, 0.25-1.0% Cl, 0-0.2% Br, 0.25-1.0% Cl+Br, the ratio of Ag:(Cl+Br) being 0.15-0.65, 0.003-0.015% CuO and 0.1-1.0% PbO and the total R.sub.2 O content is 8-13.5%, wherein R.sub.2 O consists of Li.sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O +K.sub.2 O.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a glass containing elongated silver halide crystals selected from the group consisting of AgCl, AgBr, AgI, and mixtures thereof which is capable of polarizing radiation in the visible portion of the radiation spectrum and which does not exhibit photochromism when exposed to radiation in the ultraviolet/visible portions of the radiation spectrum, wherein the composition of the glass is essentially free of copper and includes an amount of CeO.sub.2 effective to retain the silver in the glass composition in the oxidized state.

Abstract: A composition for a photochromic glass consisting essentially of, in approximate calculated weight percent, about:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 54-58% Ag 0.18-0.33% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 18-22% Cl 0.25-0.50% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 7-8% Br 0.04-0.12% Li.sub.2 O 3.75-4.5% CuO 0.007-0.012% Na.sub.2 O 0-1% PbO 0-0.08% K.sub.2 O 5.5-7.5% Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.20% TiO.sub.2 0-2% Pd 1-6 ppm ZrO.sub.2 2-4.5% ______________________________________plus 0-1.0% Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 and/or 0-10 ppm Au, the mole ratio of Li.sub.2 O:Na.sub.2 O being equal to or greater than 9:1 and the glass having a coloration in the fully darkened state corresponding to chromaticity coordinates, in accordance with the 1931 C.I.E. trichromatic colorimetric system, that fall within the trapezoid ABCDA in the drawing for a 1.1 mm glass thickness, and within the trapezoid EFGHE for a 2 mm glass thickness.

Abstract: This invention provides (1) a colored glass comprising 20 to 85% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 2 to 75% by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, not more than 15% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, not more than 30% by weight of at least one member of Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O and Cs.sub.2 O, not more than 10% by weight of at least one member of MgO, CaO, ZnO, BaO, SrO and PbO, not more than 10% by weight of at least one member of ZrO.sub.2, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.05 to 15% by weight of at least one copper halide, and 0.001 to 7% by weight of at least one member of oxides of Fe, Ni, Mn, Co, V, Cr, Cu, Nd and Pd; and (2) a colored glass comprising 8 to 25% by weight of SiO.sub.2, 5 to 35% by weight of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, not more than 30% by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 10 to 35% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 5 to 20% by weight of at least one member of Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, Rb.sub.2 O and Cs.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ceramic fibers of the Si-C-N-O series with a diameter less than about 20 micrometers. It has been unexpectedly found that the thermal stability of these fibers can be increased by minimizing the impurity content, primarily the content of metals or metallic compounds. Such fibers with low levels of contaminants retain greater than about 60 percent of their initial tensile strength when subjected to temperatures of 1300.degree.-1400.degree. C. for at least 30 minutes in a non-oxidative environment.

Abstract: The high-purity, heat-resistant oxynitride glass can be produced by subjecting a fine silica powder block to a nitriding treatment by heating it while keeping it in contact with an ammonia-containing gas in a reducing environment, which is achieved by at least one of the following means: (a) embedding the fine silica powder block in carbon powder, (b) placing the fine silica powder block in a carbon pipe or container, and (c) introducing a reducing gas, and simultaneously or subsequently sintering it.

Abstract: A highly refractive, low-density phototropic glass in which the carriers of phototropy are precipitates containing silver, halogens and copper oxide, and which has a density equal to or less than 3.0 g/cm.sup.3, a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.60 and an Abbe number equal to or greater than 40, consisting essentially of, in % by weight on an oxide basis:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 35-50 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 13.5-21 .SIGMA.SiO.sub.2 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3 50-70 Li.sub.2 O 0.0-2.5 Na.sub.2 O 0.0-4.0 K.sub.2 O 0.0-10.0 .SIGMA.Alkali metal oxides 4-14 BaO.sub.2 5.0-10.5 TiO.sub.2 3.5-6.5 ZrO.sub.2 4.5-9.5 Nb.sub.2 O.sub.3 5.0-11.5, ______________________________________the total of the foregoing oxides being 100% by weight, and in addition to the basic glass composition, carriers of phototropy consisting essentially of, in % by weight: ______________________________________ Ag.sub.2 O 0.05-0.25 Br 0.07-0.25 Cl 0.06-0.35 .SIGMA.Br and Cl .ltoreq.0.5 CuO 0.003-0.015.

Abstract: A highly refractive, low-density phototropic glass in which the carriers of phototropy are precipitates containing silver, halogens and copper oxide, and which has a density equal to or less than 3.0 g/cm.sup.3, a refractive index equal to or greater than 1.60 and an Abbe number equal to or greater than 40, consisting essentially of, in % by weight on an oxide basis:SiO.sub.2 : 35-50B.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 13.5-21.SIGMA.SiO.sub.2 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 50-70Li.sub.2 O: 0.0-2.5Na.sub.2 O: 0.0-4.0K.sub.2 O: 0.0-10.0.SIGMA.Alkali metal oxides: 4-14BaO: 5.0-10.5TiO.sub.2 : 3.5-6.5ZrO.sub.2 : 4.5-9.5Nb.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 5.0-11.5,and in addition to the basic glass composition, carriers of phototropy consisting essentially of, in % by weight:Ag.sub.2 O; 0.05-0.25Br: 0.07-0.25Cl: 0.06-0.35.SIGMA.Br and Cl: .ltoreq.0.5CuO: 0.003-0.015.

Abstract: The semiconductor-containing glass disclosed herein is a semiconductor-containing glass which is produced by a sol-gel technique and which includes a semiconductor-containing glass characterized in the composition of a glass matrix and a semiconductor-containing glass characterized in the composition of a semiconductor. Either a semiconductor-containing glass has useful properties as a non-linear optical material.The method of producing semiconductor-containing glass disclosed herein is a method in which oxidization, volatilization or decomposition of a compound semiconductor or volatilization of a constituent element of the compound semiconductor by heat treatment for forming glass from a gel solid can be suppressed when a semiconductor-containing glass in which the compound semiconductor is dispersively precipitated is produced by a sol-gel technique.

Abstract: A semiconductor-containing glass having a high nonlinear optical effect is provided which comprises a glass matrix mainly composed of SiO.sub.2 wherein said glass matrix contains a semiconductor microcrystal having a particle size of less than 100.ANG..This semiconductor-containing glass is produced by a method which comprises subjecting a solution containing a metal alkoxide containing at least a silicon alkoxide as well as a semiconductor having a particle size of less than 100.ANG., to hydrolysis reaction to obtain a gelled solid and heating the resulting gelled solid to 400.degree.-1300.degree. C. to form a glass or a method which comprises subjecting a solution containing a metal alkoxide containing at least a silicon alkoxide as well as a metal salt which becomes semiconductor upon decomposition, to hydrolysis reaction to obtain a gelled solid; heating the gelled solid to 400.degree.-1300.degree. C. to form a glass; and simultaneously with or after the heating to 400.degree.-1300.degree. C.

Abstract: Composite diamond granules using granules of a ceramic substance line SiC as cores and covering the cores with a polycrystalline diamond coating are produced by the vapor phase method. The granules clearly manifest an automorphic diamond face and possess pyramidal projections, square faces, or rectangular faces on their surface. They are highly useful as abrasive granules for grinding. A grindstone obtained by mixing these granules with resin, metal, and vitrified binder and molding the resultant mixture is highly useful.

Abstract: The invention relates to high energy beam-sensitive glass articles exhibiting insensitivity and/or inertness to actinic radiation, glass articles which are darkened and/or colored within a thin surface layer of about 0.1-3 .mu.m upon exposure to a high energy beam, electron beam, and ion beams in particular, without a subsequent development step, and which need no fixing to stabilize the colored image, since both the recorded image and the glass article are insensitive to radiation in the spectral range of uv and longer wavelengths. The instant invention is concerned with Ag.sup.+ ion-exchanged glass articles having base glass within alkali metal silicate composition fields containing at least one of the oxides of transition metals which have one to four d-electrons in an atomic state. The base glass composition can be varied widely, spontaneous reduction as well as photo-reduction of Ag.sup.+ ions are inhibited and/or eliminated due to the presence of said transition metal oxides in the glass article.

Abstract: Cerium-doped radiation-shielding glasses in the system of SiO.sub.2 -PbO-alkali metal oxides, with a high absorption coefficient for high-energy X-ray and/or gamma- and, respectively, neutron radiation which are resistant to discoloration and exhibit a discharge stability of >5.times.10.sup.8 rad, consist essentially of (in % by weight)______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 35-56 Na.sub.2 O K.sub.2 O 12-21 Cs.sub.2 O PbO.sub.2 24-46 CeO.sub.2 0.5-2.5 CuO + Fe.sub.2 0-0.05; ______________________________________for absorption of neutrons, the isotope Li.sup.6 can furthermore be onctained therein, and SiO.sub.2 can be substituted by B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and/or Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3 in an amount of up to 10% by weight and Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3 is present.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the preparation of silver halide-containing photochromic glasses exhibiting refractive indices between 1.585-1.610, Abbe numbers higher than 41, and densities less than 2.80 g/cm.sup.3 generally consisting essentially, in weight percent, of:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 43-52 SrO 0.8-9 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 12.5-18 BaO 1-9 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-3 K.sub.2 O 2-9 ZrO.sub.2 3-8 TiO.sub.2 2-8 Li.sub.2 O 1.5-3.5 Ag 0.100-0.175 Na.sub.2 O 0.3-3 Cl 0.140-0.350 Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 4-9 Br 0.093-0.180 MgO 0-5 CuO 0.0080-0.

Abstract: A colored low-expansion transparent glass ceramic comprising 100 parts by weight of a base glass (a) having the following composition, the following coloring components (b) and the following auxiliary coloring component (c) mixed thereto in the following ratio, and in that the principal crystalline phase is .beta.-quartz solid solution.(a) Base glass______________________________________ (weight %) ______________________________________ LiO.sub.2 3.5 to 5.5 Na.sub.2 O 0 to 4.0 K.sub.2 O 0 to 4.0 Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 0.5 to 4.0 MgO 0.1 to 3.0 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 20.5 to 23.0 SiO.sub.2 60.0 to 68.5 TiO.sub.2 1.0 to 7.0 ZrO.sub.2 0 to 3.5 TiO.sub.2 + ZrO.sub.2 3.5 to 7.0 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 0 to 4.0 ______________________________________(b) Coloring components ______________________________________ (part by weight) ______________________________________ CoO 0 to 0.02 Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 0 to 0.05 MoO.sub.3 0 to 0.04 NiO 0 to 0.

Abstract: This invention relates to photochromic glasses exhibiting refractive indices greater than 1.59, densities no higher than 3.1 g/cm.sup.3, Abbe numbers of at least 40, weight losses no greater than 0.01 mg/cm.sup.2 in the A.O. test, and which, when exposed to actinic radiation at room temperatures, darken to transmittances below 40% and fade at least 15 percentage points of transmittance after five minutes' removal from the actinic radiation.

Abstract: An oxynitride glass, a process for preparing same and a fiber thereof, in the glass which has Si--M.sub.1 --M.sub.2 --O--N system and contains SiO.sub.2, Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 and M.sub.1 O in amounts which, as mole %, satisfy the following equations (a) and (b):(SiO.sub.2 +3Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 +M.sub.1 O) X 100 / (100+2Si.sub.3 N.sub.4)=65 to less than 100 (a)(SiO.sub.2 +3Si.sub.3 N.sub.4)/M.sub.1 O=0.7 to 2.3 (b)wherein M.sub.1 is Ca, or Ca and Mg; M.sub.2 is at least one of the metal selected from the group consisting of Al, Sr, La, Ba, Y, Ti, Zr, Ce, Na, K, Sb, B, Cr, Pb, V and Sn, said glass containing 0-40 mole% SiO.sub.2, 26-70 mole % CaO, 0-20 mole % MgO, and over O to not more than 22 at % M.sub.2.

Abstract: An inorganic glass having high water repellence produced by irradiating and/or implanting ions upon or into a surface of the inorganic glass, the ions are those of at least one element selected from the group consisting of(a) halogen elements selected from F, Cl, and Br, group 3A, 3B, 4A and 5B elements of the International Periodic Table selected from Al, Ti, Y, In and Bi,(b) rare gas elements selected from He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe, group 3A, 4A, 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B and 5B elements of the International Periodic Table selected from Sc, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Au, Hg, Tl and Pb, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal elements selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, and(c) Ce, the dose of th (a), (b) and (c) ions being 5.times.10.sup.14 to 1.times.10.sup.20 ion/cm.sup.2, 5.times.10.sup.14 to 1.times.10.sup.17 ion/cm.sup.2 and 1.times.10.sup.17 to 1.times.10.sup.20 ion/cm.sup.2, respectively.

Abstract: A membrane for use in an X-ray mask composed of a compound comprising at least three kinds of elements of boron (B), silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) in which the content of silicon in the compound is at least 15 atomic percent, but less than 100 atomic percent, and the atomic ratio of Si/(B+Si) in the compound is at least 0.2, but less than one. The membrane is synthesized from source gases including at least the foregoing three kinds of elements by chemical reaction under such conditions that the ratio of nitrogen to boron plus silicon is at least one in the source gases and thereby depositing a film of the compound onto a substrate. Since the membrane thus prepared has a high transmittance in the visible region and X-ray and their residual stress can be readily controlled by adjusting the conditions for the formation of the membrane, it is suitable for the preparation of X-ray masks.

Abstract: This invention relates to glasses consisting essentially, by weight, of about 35-72% Ln.sub.2 O.sub.3, 5-37% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 29-56% SiO.sub.2, and 4-7.5% N. Up to about one-half of the Ln.sub.2 O.sub.3 on an atomic basis may be replaced with SrO and/or BaO. A transparent glass can be formed which contains about 40-60% on a molar basis of Ln.sub.2 O.sub.3 +SrO and/or BaO and wherein the atomic ratio Sr and/or Ba:Sr and/or Ba+Ln >0.4.

Abstract: Ultraviolet transmitting glasses exhibiting coefficients of thermal expansion between 46-52.times.10.sup.-7 /.degree. C. and transmittances at a thickness of 1 mm of at least 80% at a wavelength of 254 nm which are essentially free of fluoride and consist essentially, in mole percent, of 60-70% SiO.sub.2, 16-20% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 1-8% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 1-6% Li.sub.2 O, 2.5-5% N.sub.2 O, 0-3% K.sub.2 O, and 0-25% Cl, wherein the mole ratio R.sub.2 O:R.sub.2 O.sub.3 is greater than 0.3, but less than 0.5.

Abstract: This invention provides a glass composition for joining ceramic articles to ceramic or metallic articles, the composition comprising:(i) about 100 parts by weight of at least one of TiN, TiB.sub.2, AlN, AlB.sub.2, BN, B.sub.4 C, SiC and Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 powders,(ii) about 20 to about 1600 parts by weight of SiO.sub.2 powder,(iii) about 1 to about 600 parts by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 powder, and(iv) about 1 to about 1600 parts by weight of at least one of powders of (R.sup.1).sub.2 O wherein R.sup.1 is Na, K or Li, (R.sup.2)O wherein R.sup.2 is Mg, Ca, Ba, Zn, Pb or Cd, (R.sup.3)O.sub.2 wherein R.sup.3 is Ti, Zr or Mn, and (R.sup.4).sub.2 O.sub.3 wherein R.sup.4 is Al or Bi.

Abstract: AlN-base sintered body with a high thermal conductivity is produced by:preparing a compact of a material comprising 100 parts by weight of aluminum nitride and 0.1-10 parts by weight, calculated on metal element, of at least one component selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 4a, 5a and 6a of the Periodic Table, and compounds thereof; andsintering said compact at a temperature ranging from 1500.degree. to 2000.degree. C. under a non-oxidizing atmosphere having a source of boron and/or carbon supply. The compounds include oxides, borides, nitrides and carbides. The elements include W, Mo, Ta and Ti. Oxides are converted to other compounds through sintering. This AlN-base sintered body has good wettability with metal for metallization and enables simultaneous sintering with metallization layer. Multilayer laminated circuit boards or substrates thereof can be produced.

Abstract: A material having superior that insulating qualities which may be formed in flat sheets or any other desired configuration. The material in its basic form is produced by mixing an alkali metal halide or nitrate into an alkali metal silicate solution to form a polymerized silicate gel. The gel may be heated to cause intumescence and the formation of a dry cellular ceramic, or may be used in gel form, e.g., as a fireproof barrier which will expand upon exposure to heat. Physical properties of the end product are altered by the inclusion of one or more additives prior to the polymerization reaction. These additives may be any of a number of materials that do not significantly react with the alkali metal silicate solution or otherwise inhibit the formation of the gel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel crystalline massive aluminosilicate with an expanded structure and to its process of manufacture. The particular structure is a closed cell structure containing nitrogen. It is obtained by: grinding industrial glass; adding aluminum based nitride in the proportion of 0.1 to 20% by weight with respect to the weight of the ground industrial glass; mixing the ground glass and so-added nitride; oxidizing the nitride within said mixture by heating to a temperature of 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. for about 1 hour, and cooling and recovering the expanded crystalline aluminosilicate. The material has multiple applications in the building industry and in the construction of furnaces, in the manufacture of fireproof walls and doors, and in naval construction, with various advantages over prior art materials.

Abstract: Alkali boroaluminosilicate glasses exhibiting moderately high thermal expansion coefficients, good melting characteristics, and a UV transmittance of at least 80% in 1 mm thickness at a wavelength of 254 nm are described, such glasses consisting essentially of about 58-62%, SiO.sub.2, 15-18% B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 11.5-14.5% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 1-2.5% Li.sub.2 O, 5.5-6.5% Na.sub.2 O, 0-2% K.sub.2 O, and 0-0.6% Cl.

Abstract: This invention relates to the production of lightly tinted, photochromic glasses having base compositions consisting essentially, in weight percent, of______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 46-60 SrO 0-6 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 16-28 BaO 0-6 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4-11 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 0-5 ZrO.sub.2 2-6 TiO.sub.2 0-3 Li.sub.2 O 1.5-5 Ag 0.08-0.18 Na.sub.2 O 0-6 Cl 0.06-0.26 K.sub.2 O 2.5-9 Br 0.08-0.18 MgO 0-3.5 CuO 0.0001-0.0020 CaO 0-6 ______________________________________Glass color can be adjusted by introducing in excess of the above base composition, at least one of the following colorants in the indicated proportions of ______________________________________ Pd 0.00003-0.00015 Er.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.2-1.3 SnO.sub.2 0.05-0.3 Nd.sub.2 O.sub.3 0-0.7 Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.05-0.15 Co.sub.3 O.sub.4 0-0.0080 NiO 0.005-0.

Abstract: This invention is directed to transparent photochromic glasses that can darken to a comfort range, i.e., between about 35-60%, or to a dark range, i.e., below 35%, depending upon glass composition, and will exhibit a faded transmittance after five minutes' removal from actinic radiation higher than 70%. The base compositions of the glasses consist essentially, in weight percent, of about______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 46-60 MgO 0-3.5 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 16-28 CaO 0-6 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 4-11 SrO 0-6 ZrO.sub.2 2-6 BaO 0-6 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 + ZrO.sub.2 6-13 MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO 0-7 Li.sub.2 O 2-5 P.sub.2 O.sub.5 0-5 Na.sub.2 O 0-4 TiO.sub.2 0-3 K.sub.2 O 2.5-9 ______________________________________For a comfort glass the photochromic elements consist essentially, as analyzed, of ______________________________________ Ag 0.13-0.18 Br 0.08-0.14 Cl 0.16-0.34 CuO 0.001-0.

Abstract: A composite glass ceramic material which comprises silicon nitride (Si.sub.3 N.sub.4) whiskers in a glass ceramic material comprising nitrogen doped cordierite, which composite material has greatly increased strength at elevated temperatures, good microwave transparency, and good thermal shock resistance.The invention further comprises a method for manufacturing the composite material by blending ground nitrogen doped cordierite glass with between about 5 and about 50 percent Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 whiskers by weight of glass. The blend is then formed into a desired shape and is sintered at an elevated temperature of from about 1000.degree. to 1400.degree. C.The invention also includes the novel nitrogen doped cordierite glass and glass ceramic made therefrom.

Abstract: A continuous inorganic fiber consisting of Si, N and O has excellent physical, chemical and electrically insulating properties, is superior to carbon fiber in wettability with metal, is low in reactivity with metal, and can be used not only as a reinforcing fiber for fiber-reinforcing type metals and fiber-reinforcing type ceramics, but also in electrical insulating materials and in heat-resistant materials.