Abstract: Methods for synthesizing metal nanoparticles and the nanoparticles so produced are provided. The methods include addition of surfactant to a novel reagent complex between zero-valent metal and a hydride. The nanoparticles produced by the method include oxide-free, zero-valent tin nanoparticles useful in fabricating a battery electrode.

Abstract: A mixture containing methyldichlorosilane, tetrachlorosilane, and trichlorosilane is distilled to fractionate a fraction with a higher content of methyldichlorosilane than the mixture before distillation. Subsequently, the fraction thus fractionated is heated to disproportionate chlorine between methyldichlorosilane and tetrachlorosilane to disproportionate methyldichlorosilane into methyltrichlorosilane. Subsequently, the fraction after disproportionation containing methyltrichlorosilane is purified by distillation to separate high-purity trichlorosilane. Having a close boiling point to that of trichlorosilane (32° C.), which is a target product to be purified by distillation, removal of methyldichlorosilane (boiling point of 41° C.) has been difficult. The present invention removes methyldichlorosilane more easily by converting it into methyltrichlorosilane (boiling point of 66° C.) through disproportionation of chlorine between methyldichlorosilane and tetrachlorosilane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for revamping an HF or sulphuric acid alkylation unit to an ionic liquid alkylation unit, wherein the HF or sulphuric acid alkylation unit comprise at least: —a reactor unit for contacting catalyst and hydrocarbon reactants; —a separator unit for separating a reactor effluent into a catalyst phase and an alkylate-comprising hydrocarbon phase; —a fractionator unit for fractionating the alkylate-comprising hydrocarbon phase into at least one stream comprising alkylate; —a catalyst phase recycle means to recycle at least part of the catalyst phase from the separator unit to the reactor unit; which method includes: —adapting the catalyst phase recycle means by providing a means for acid injection and/or a means for halohydrocarbon injection into the catalyst recycle means. The invention further provides a method for the production of alkylate.

Abstract: Provided is a method of preparation of a spherical support for an olefin polymerization catalyst. Specifically, provided is a method of preparation of a support which can be used in preparation of an olefin polymerization catalyst, wherein, MgX(I) (X=halogen atom) is prepared by reacting a reaction initiator, nitrogen halide, and magnesium metal, and then magnesium metal and alcohol are reacted in the presence of the MgX, thereby resulting a smooth-surfaced spherical dialkoxy magnesium support having a uniform particle size distribution.

Abstract: A water-based and surfactant-free microwave synthesis of polymer nanoparticles includes the entrapment of diisopropyl fluorophosphatase (DFPase) within poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) nanoparticles. The resulting nanoparticles are approximately 80-100 nm in diameter and reactive activity of DFPase is maintained after encapsulation.

Abstract: Provided are a solid catalyst for propylene polymerization and a method for preparing the same, specifically a solid catalyst for propylene polymerization which does not contain any environmentally harmful material and can produce a polypropylene having excellent stereoregularity with a high production yield, and a method for preparing the catalyst.

Abstract: A method of making an anti-Markovnikov addition product is carried out by reacting an acid with an alkene or alkyne in a dual catalyst reaction system to the exclusion of oxygen to produce said anti-Markovnikov addition product; the dual catalyst reaction system comprising a single electron oxidation catalyst in combination with a hydrogen atom donor catalyst. Compositions useful for carrying out such methods are also described.

Abstract: A dispersing-type nanocatalyst for catalytic hydrocracking of heavy oil, a method for preparing the same, and the use thereof in catalytic hydrocracking of heavy oil. The present invention is also directed to reducing the operational temperature of catalytic hydrocracking of heavy crude oil, and also increasing the yield of the process by utilizing a lower concentration of said nanocatalyst.

Abstract: An electrochemical device comprises an anode and a cathode. An electrocatalyst mixture is placed between said anode and cathode. The electrocatalyst mixture comprises at least one Catalytically Active Element and, separately, at least one Helper Catalyst comprising an organic molecule, an organic ion, or a mixture of organic molecules and organic ions. The electrocatalyst mixture electrochemically converts carbon dioxide to one or more carbonaceous reaction products via the reaction: CO2+2e?+2H+?carbonaceous reaction products, at overpotentials of 0.9 V or less.

Abstract: A method of preparing a catalyst using an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal in natural cellulose fibers as a co-catalyst and a dispersant. The catalyst is prepared using an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal as a co-catalyst and a dispersant, thus increasing the dispersibility of catalytic components and enhancing the interactions between the catalyst and the support to thereby retard agglomeration and increase the durability of the catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed in certain implementations is a catalysis composition that includes a metal catalyst and a support material impregnated with the metal catalyst.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a slurry catalyst for the upgrade of heavy oil feedstock is provided. The process employs a polar aprotic solvent to mix with the inorganic metal precursor feed to form an oil-dispersible inorganic metal precursor, at a weight ratio of solvent to inorganic metal precursor of 1:1 to 10:1; the oil-dispersible inorganic metal precursor is subsequently sulfided forming the slurry catalyst. In one embodiment, the sulfiding is in-situ upon mixing the oil-dispersible inorganic metal precursor with a hydrocarbon diluent containing a heavy oil feedstock under in-situ sulfiding conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst in which grain growth of a noble metal particle supported on a support is suppressed. Also disclosed is a production process for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst. The exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises a crystalline metal oxide support and a noble metal particle supported on the support, wherein the noble metal particle is epitaxially grown on the support, and wherein the noble metal particle is dispersed and supported on the outer and inner surfaces of the support. The process for producing an exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises masking, in a solution, at least a part of the surface of a crystalline metal oxide support by a masking agent, introducing the support into a noble metal-containing solution containing a noble metal, and drying and firing the support and the noble metal-containing solution to support the noble metal on the support.

Abstract: Electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide conversion include at least one catalytically active element with a particle size above 0.6 nm. The electrocatalysts can also include a Helper Catalyst. The catalysts can be used to increase the rate, modify the selectivity or lower the overpotential of electrochemical conversion of CO2. Chemical processes and devices using the catalysts also include processes to produce CO, HCO?, H2CO, (HCO2)?, H2CO2, CH3OH, CH4, C2H4, CH3CH2OH, CH3COO?, CH3COOH, C2H6, (COOH)2, or (COO?)2, and a specific device, namely, a CO2 sensor.

Abstract: A composition that comprises a support material that is loaded with an active metal or metal precursor and an additive that comprises an ether amine compound and, preferably, a morpholine compound as an additional component of the ether amine containing additive. The ether amine containing additive impregnated composition is useful in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The ether amine containing additive impregnated composition is prepared by incorporating a metal solution into a support material followed by incorporating therein the ether amine containing additive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carriered hybrid vanadium-chromium-based catalyst, characterized in the catalyst is carriered on a porous inorganic carrier and a V active site and an organic Cr active site are present on the porous inorganic carrier at the same time. The present invention further relates to a process for producing a carriered hybrid vanadium-chromium-based catalyst. The catalyst of the present invention can be used for producing ethylene homopolymers and ethylene/?-olefin copolymers. The hybrid vanadium-chromium-based catalyst can have high activity and produce polyethylene polymers having the properties of broad molecular weight distribution (Part of the products are bimodal distribution) and excellent ?-olefin copolymerization characteristic.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compositions comprising dirhodium catalysts and uses related thereto, e.g., in enantioselective transformations of donor/acceptor carbenoids. In certain embodiments, the dirhodium catalyst comprises a cyclopropyl ring substituted with a carboxylic acid ligand. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to compositions comprising a compound of the following formula, or salts thereof wherein, R1, R2, and R3 are defined herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a diaryliodonium salt mixture which is a precursor of a BF4 salt or the like of a diaryliodonium compound, can be produced in the form of crystals at ambient temperature, can be purified in a simple manner, can be produced with high efficiency, and can be induced into a BF4 salt or the like salt that has excellent solubility in a monomer or the like; and a process for producing the diaryliodonium salt mixture. Also disclosed is a production process which can achieve good yield and can produce reduced amounts of byproducts, and is therefore applicable to the industrial mass production of a diaryliodonium compound. The diaryliodonium salt mixture is characterized by containing at least two specific diaryliodonium salts.

Abstract: Organic-inorganic composite particles that can be dispersed in a solvent and/or a resin as primary particles having an organic group on the surface of inorganic particles, the organic-inorganic composite particles having negative birefringence.

Abstract: The invention relates to a titanium based polycarboxylate inorganic-organic hybrid solid material that has a pseudo-cubic crystalline structure, to a method for preparing the same using a solvo-thermal procedure, and to the uses thereof in particular for the storage of gases, the adsorption of liquids, the separation of liquids or gases, and the applications thereof in optics or catalysis, in the biomedical (controlled release drug), cosmetic fields, etc.

Abstract: A catalyst for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising a carrier and, deposited thereon, silver, a rhenium promoter, a first co-promoter, and a second co-promoter; wherein the quantity of the rhenium promoter deposited on the carrier is greater than 1 mmole/kg, relative to the weight of the catalyst; the first co-promoter is selected from sulfur, phosphorus, boron, and mixtures thereof; the second co-promoter is selected from tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and mixtures thereof; the total quantity of the first co-promoter and the second co-promoter deposited on the carrier is at most 5.0 mmole/kg, relative to the weight of the catalyst; and wherein the carrier has a monomodal, bimodal or multimodal pore size distribution, a pore diameter of 0.01-200 ?m, a specific surface area of 0.03-10 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.2-0.7 cm3/g, wherein the median pore diameter is 0.1-100 ?m, and a water absorption of 10-80%.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing fluidizable particles of a biomass/catalyst composite material. The process comprises the steps of (i) providing a particulate, solid biomass material; (ii) forming a composite of the biomass material and a catalytic material; (iii) subjecting the biomass material to a thermal treatment at a torrefaction temperature at or above 200° C., and low enough to avoid significant conversion of the biomass material to liquid conversion products; and (iv) forming fluidizable particles from the biomass material. Step (ii) may be carried out before or after step (iii).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for preparing a new type of catalyst for the oxidation of CO in a reactant gas or air. The method provides the preparation of a catalyst having nano-sized metal particles and a capping agent deposited on a solid support. The size and distribution of the metal particles can be easily controlled by adjusting reaction condition and the capping agent used. The catalyst prepared has high activity at low temperature toward selective oxidation of CO and is stable over an extended period of time. The catalyst can be used in air filter devices, hydrogen purification processes, automotive emission control devices (decomposition of NOx, x is the integer 1 or 2), F-T synthesis, preparation of fuel-cell electrode, photocatalysis and sensors.

Abstract: Improved catalysts useful in alkyne or olefin metathesis are made by bringing into contact a multi-coordinated metal complex comprising a multidentate Schiff base ligand, and one or more other ligands, with a selected activating compound under conditions such that at least partial cleavage of a bond between the metal and the multidentate Schiff base ligand of said metal complex occurs.

Abstract: The catalyst systems include a dual phase catalyst system that includes a water soluble acid catalyst and a solid acid catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst for decomposing a plastic includes a porous support having an exterior surface and defines at least one pore therein. The catalyst also includes a depolymerization catalyst component disposed on the exterior surface of the porous support for depolymerizing the plastic. The depolymerization catalyst component includes a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, a Group IIA oxide catalyst, or a combination thereof. The catalyst further includes a reducing catalyst component disposed in the at least one pore. The catalyst is formed by a method that includes the step of disposing the depolymerization catalyst component on the exterior surface. The method further includes the step of disposing the reducing catalyst component in the at least one pore.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a comb architecture olefin block copolymer, a method of making the comb olefin block copolymer and blends comprising the comb olefin block copolymer.

Abstract: A catalyst composition comprising a cation and an anion of the formula Anq?Qpm+, wherein m, n, p, and q are positive integers, wherein m*p=n*q, wherein Qm+is an organo onium, and Aq?is an anion, provided that at least one Aq?is selected from the formula (I) wherein each R independently is H, halo, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or cycloalkyl, and which also may be halogenated, fluorinated, or perfluorinated, wherein two or more of R and R? groups may together form a ring, wherein each R group independently may contain one or more heteroatom(s), wherein R? can be the same as R, with the proviso that R? cannot be halo, and wherein the catalyst composition is essentially free of hydrocarbon containing alcohol. Also provided are a fluoropolymer composition including this curative, a method of making a fluoropolymer, and fluoropolymer articles containing curable or cured fluoropolymer compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst which comprises a support material and an oxidic composition containing at least one alkali metal and tungsten, a process for producing such catalysts and also a process for preparing alkyl mercaptans by reaction of alkanols with hydrogen sulphide in the presence of such a catalyst.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising a first catalytic composition comprising a first catalytic material disposed on a metal inorganic support; wherein the metal inorganic support has pores; and at least one promoting metal. The catalyst system further comprises a second catalytic composition comprising, (i) a zeolite, or (ii) a first catalytic material disposed on a first substrate, the first catalytic material comprising an element selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, and vanadium. The catalyst system may further comprise a third catalytic composition. The catalyst system may further comprise a delivery system configured to deliver a reductant and optionally a co-reductant. A catalyst system comprising a first catalytic composition, the second catalytic composition, and the third catalytic composition is also provided. An exhaust system comprising the catalyst systems described herein is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing (2,3) disubstituted succinates that allows (2,3) disubstituted succinates to be obtained in good purity and with acceptable reaction yields. The (2) and (3) substitutions may be the same or different. The process comprises reacting a haloacetate with a malonic acid ester into a tricarboxylate, which is further reacted to a (2,3) disubstituted tricarboxylate, hydrolyzed, decarboxylated and optionally esterified. Esterified (2,3) disubstituted succinic esters may be used as internal donor in Ziegler-Natta type catalysts for the polymerization of olefins.

Abstract: Mineral oil is added to a supported chromium catalyst in amounts which maintain a free flowing particulate material. Chromium catalysts so treated, provide polyethylene in a gas phase ethylene polymerization process with reduced reactor fouling or static.

Abstract: A monolithic catalyst system for the cleavage of water into hydrogen and oxygen comprises a first photoactive material capable by itself or together with an auxiliary material and/or an auxiliary catalyst when irradiated with light having a wavelength?420 nm of generating oxygen and protons from water, and a second photoactive material capable by itself or together with an auxiliary material and/or an auxiliary catalyst when irradiated with light having a wavelength?420 nm of reducing protons in water to hydrogen. The first and second photoactive materials are in electrical contact via an electron-conducting material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrocracking catalyst comprising an acidic silica-alumina, an optional alumina, an effective quantity of at least one VIII Group metal component(s), an effective quantity of at least one VIB Group metal component(s) and an organic additive, wherein the organic additive is one or more selected from the group consisting of an oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing organic compound, and the molar ratio of the organic additive to the VIII Group metal component(s) is 0.01-10. The present invention relates further to a process for producing the hydrocracking catalyst and use of the catalyst in a process for hydrocracking hydrocarbon oils. The hydrocracking catalyst provided according to the present invention shows a higher activity for aromatic hydrosaturating and ring-opening reaction, as compared with the prior art hydrocracking catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of composite silica alcogels, aerogels and xerogels, comprising i) providing a reaction mixture comprising at least the following: silane reagent, base catalyst, gelation retarding additive, aqueous/organic solvent mixture, guest particle, ii) agitating the reaction mixture as necessary and sufficient until achieving the viscosity where the spontaneous movement of the guest particles does not occur anymore; and iii) shaping the material obtained to a desired shape during or after step ii); then iv) drying, if desired The method according to the invention is also useful in continuous manufacturing technology, and the invention provides an apparatus for applying the method. The invention further provides novel composite silica alcogels, aerogels or xerogels obtainable by the method according to the invention.

Abstract: A method of forming a catalyst, comprising: providing a plurality of support particles and a plurality of mobility-inhibiting particles, wherein each support particle in the plurality of support particles is bonded with its own catalytic particle; and bonding the plurality of mobility-inhibiting particles to the plurality of support particles, wherein each support particle is separated from every other support particle in the plurality of support particles by at least one of the mobility-inhibiting particles, and wherein the mobility-inhibiting particles are configured to prevent the catalytic particles from moving from one support particle to another support particle.

Abstract: The invention provides multivalent surface-crosslinked micelle (SCM) particles, crosslinked reverse micelle (CRM) particles, and methods of making and using them. The SCM particles can be used, for example, to inhibit a virus or bacteria from binding to a host cell. The inhibition can be used in therapy for the flu, cancer, or AIDS. The CRM particles can be used, for example, to prepare metal nanoparticles or metal alloy nanoparticles, or they can be used in catalytic reactions.

Abstract: A process for preparing a monolithic catalysis element includes a fibrous support and a catalytic phase supported by the fibrous support and also the monolithic catalysis element. The process includes the steps of preparing a porous coherent structure based on refractory fibers; preparing a substrate including the porous coherent structure and nanocarbon supported by the porous coherent structure in the body thereof; and grafting to the substrate, by ? interaction, of at least one aromatic compound containing in its chemical formula, at least one aromatic ring, and at least one function chosen from acid catalytic functions, basic catalytic functions, metallic precursor functions, functions that can be converted in situ into metallic precursor functions, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A composition and method of making such a composition that has application in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The method comprises selecting an organic additive by the use of a correlation model for predicting catalytic activity as a function of a physical property that is associated with the organic additive and incorporating the organic additive into a support material to provide the additive impregnated composition.

Abstract: A catalytic article for destruction of a volatile organic compound includes a porous carrier body, a plurality of catalyst units formed on the carrier body and adapted for destruction of the volatile organic compound, and a plurality of trapping molecules bound to the carrier body. Each of the catalyst units is composed of one of a noble metal, a transition metal oxide, and the combination thereof. Each of the trapping molecules includes at least one functional group that is adapted for attracting or binding the volatile organic compound. A method for preparing the catalytic article is also disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one catalytically active metal selected from the group consisting of elements of Groups 7 to 11, wherein the catalytically active metal is supported on a support material being grafted with acid groups other than OH groups, wherein a metal is in the bulk of the support material, and wherein the catalytically active metal is different from the metal of the support material. A method for preparing such catalyst and the use of such catalyst for catalyzing reactions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition comprising vanadium and titanium. The catalyst composition has a surface area of at least 22.6 m2/g and a plurality of pores, and the plurality of pores have a pore diameter of less than 11.9 nm.

Abstract: A crosslinkable composition including at least one crosslinkable component that is crosslinkable under the action of a base catalyst, a first carbonate salt according to a first formula as latent base crosslinking catalyst, and a second carbonate salt according to a second formula as potlife extender, wherein the second carbonate is present in an amount of at least 5 mole % and preferably at most 500 mole % relative to the molar amount of the first carbonate. Further disclosed are catalyst compositions composed of the first and second carbonate salts, to the use of the catalyst composition as base catalyst system in crosslinkable compositions and the crosslinkable compositions, in particular coating compositions comprising the catalyst composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous gas-converting catalyst composition comprising: an active component; a support; an inorganic binder; at least one accelerator selected from the group consisting of cobalt oxide, molybdenum oxide, nickel oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, strontium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, manganese oxide and barium titania; and at least one stabilizer selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, stabilized zirconia, and hydrotalcite. The catalyst according to the present invention can effectively capture and separate carbon dioxide due to the excellent physical properties thereof such as packing density and abrasion resistance, and high CO conversion. Also, according to the present invention, mass production is facilitated by applying a spraying technique, and overall costs are lowered because of high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aliphatic polycarbonate production method which, using carbon dioxide and an epoxide, easily produces aliphatic polycarbonates having a low metal catalyst content. The invention relates to an aliphatic polycarbonate production method which includes a step of polymerization by reacting carbon dioxide with an epoxide in the presence of a metal catalyst; and a step of treating a polymer obtainable in the polymerization step with a surfactant. High-purity aliphatic polycarbonate having a low metal catalyst content can be easily provided by the aliphatic polycarbonate production method of the invention.

Abstract: In the present invention, a catalyst composition comprising the following amine compounds of (A) and (B) and/or (C) is used and further, a raw material-blended composition further containing a polyol component and water is used. (A) A quaternary ammonium salt represented by the following general formula (1): wherein each of R1 to R3 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R4 represents an alkyl group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and X represents an organic acid group having an acid dissociation constant (pKa) of 4.8 or less; (B) A hydrophobic amine compound; (C) A heterocyclic tertiary amine compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing (2,3) disubstituted succinates that allows (2,3) disubstituted succinates to be obtained in good purity and with acceptable reaction yields. The (2) and (3) substitutions may be the same or different. The process comprises reacting a haloacetate with a malonic acid ester into a tricarboxylate, which is further reacted to a (2,3) disubstituted tricarboxylate, hydrolysed, decarboxylated and optionally esterified. Esterified (2,3) disubstituted succinic esters may be used as internal donor in Ziegler-Natta type catalysts for the polymerisation of olefins.