Abstract: Processes for preparing diatomaceous earth filter aids having a reduced beer soluble iron content, diatomaceous earth filter aids and compositions comprising the same, and methods for using the improved diatomaceous earth filter aids are disclosed herein. Further disclosed herein are processes for reducing beer soluble iron content by saturated steam treatment of a diatomaceous earth material in an enclosed vessel.

Abstract: A particulate matter oxidizing catalyst includes: at least one metal selected from the group consisting of: gallium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, silver, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium and gold; and cerium, wherein a first oxide includes: the cerium, and a first metal which is at least one element selected from the group consisting of: gallium, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel, wherein a second oxide includes: the cerium, and a second metal which is at least one element selected from the group consisting of: praseodymium, zirconium and aluminum, and wherein the second oxide and the first oxide have a content ratio of second oxide/(first oxide+second oxide)=0.1 by mass to 0.8 by mass.

Abstract: A photocatalytic device for reacting with volatile organic compounds includes a photocatalyst and at least one additive, such as hafnium oxide and zirconium oxide, that is capable of forming a stable silicate with silicon dioxide. The additive reacts with volatile silicon-containing compounds to form stable silicate compounds. As a result, the silicon-containing compounds are unavailable for deactivation of the photocatalyst.

Abstract: A ceramic honeycomb structure includes an outer peripheral wall, partition walls provided in the form of a honeycomb inside the outer peripheral wall, and a plurality of cells partitioned by the partition walls and at least partly penetrating both ends of the structure. In the ceramic honeycomb structure, a catalyst material used for burning carbon and containing silver dispersed into layered alumina is supported on an inner surface of the plurality of cells.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a synthesis process for preparing magnesium aluminosilicate clays and to the products of said process. Briefly, a silicon component, an aluminum component, and a magnesium component are combined, under aqueous conditions and at an acidic pH, to form a first reaction mixture and subsequently the pH of the first reaction mixture is adjusted to greater than 7.5 to form a second reaction mixture. The second reaction mixture is allowed to react under conditions sufficient to form the magnesium aluminosilicate clay of the present invention. The invention is also directed to catalyst compositions comprising the magnesium aluminosilicate clays synthesized according to the process of the invention. The resulting magnesium aluminosilicate clay can be used as a catalyst or as a component in catalyst compositions.

Abstract: A method for producing a highly crystalline perovskite-type complex compound is provided that exhibits stably a high Seebeck coefficient and a low electric resistivity even at higher temperatures. A method for producing a complex perovskite-type compound with less environmental load is also provided. The method comprises a step of dissolving a nitrate salt containing a rare earth element, a nitrate salt containing an alkaline earth metal element, a nitrate salt containing manganese, and an organic polymer into a solvent to form a solution, a step of mixing and stirring the solution, a step of preparing a precursor powder from the solution through heating and drying thereof, and a step of calcining the precursor powder in atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting heavy hydrocarbonaceous feedstocks carried out in a slurry reactor in the presence of hydrogen and in the presence of a catalytic composition obtained by: injecting a catalytic precursor of at least one metal of Group VIB and/or Group VIII in at least part of the feedstock to be treated in the absence of an oxide substrate, thermal treatment at a temperature of 400° C.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an exhaust gas purifying catalyst is provided. The catalyst comprises a porous silica support comprising silica having a pore structure, and a perovskite-type composite metal oxide particle supported in the pore structure of the porous silica support. Further, the peak attributable to the space between silica primary particles is in the range of 3 to 100 nm in the pore distribution of the porous silica support.

Abstract: A fluidized bed catalyst for producing acrylonitrile capable of maintaining a high yield of acrylonitrile over a long time, and a process for producing acrylonitrile using the catalyst are provided. A fluidized bed catalyst for producing acrylonitrile having a composition represented by a following general formula: MoaBibFecWdNieMgfAgBhCiDjEkFlGmOn(SiO2)p In the formula, A represents Ce and La, B represents Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and Cd, C represents Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, Al, Cr, Ga and In, D represents Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Ge, Sn, Pb and Sb, E represents Ru, Rh, Pd, Re, Os, Ir, Pt and Ag, F represents P, B and Te, G represents Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Tl, SiO2 represents silica, when a=10, b=0.1 to 1.5, c=0.5 to 3, d=0.1 to 1.5, e=0.1 to 8, f=0.1 to 5, g=0.1 to 1.5, h=0 to 8, i=0 to 3, j=0 to 3, k=0 to 3, l=0 to 3, m=0.01 to 2, p=10 to 200 and n is the atomic ratio of oxygen required to satisfy the valence of each of the elements excluding silicon, and (a×2+d×2)/(b×3+c×3+e×2+f×2+g×3+h×2+i×3+m×1)=0.90 to 1.00).

Abstract: A ceramic body, a ceramic catalyst body, a ceramic catalyst body and related manufacturing methods are disclosed wherein a cordierite porous base material has a surface, formed with acicular particles made of a component different from that of cordierite porous base material, which has an increased specific surface area with high resistance to a sintering effect. The ceramic body is manufactured by preparing a slurry containing an acicular particle source material, preparing a porous base material, applying the slurry onto a surface of the porous base material and firing the porous base material, whose surface is coated with the slurry, to cause acicular particles to develop on the surface of the porous base material. A part of or a whole of surfaces of the acicular particles is coated with a constituent element different from that of the acicular particles.

Abstract: There are provided a catalytic diesel particulate filter that is arranged in an exhaust system of a diesel engine and includes a catalyst that burns a particulate matter contained in an exhaust gas from the diesel engine, wherein the catalyst is configured in such a manner that a ceria based catalyst coat layer 6 containing no noble metal and a noble metal based catalyst coat layer 11 containing a noble metal are separately provided on a substrate constituted of a honeycomb structure, and a method for producing the same.

Abstract: A formed article is made of cordierite. The cordierite has a plurality of domains and a plurality of crystal grains placed in each domain to form a domain structure. The crystal grains in each domain are substantially aligned in the same direction, and an average size of the domains ranges from 40 ?m to 150 ?m. The article of cordierite is formed in a honeycomb structure having a plurality of cell walls arranged in a honeycomb form, and a plurality of cells divided by the cell walls are formed. The article of cordierite has a porosity ranging from 36% to 38%, a coefficient of linear thermal expansion equal to or lower than 0.2×106/K and a mechanical strength equal to or higher than 60×106 Pa.

Abstract: The present invention provides activator-supports containing alumina-silica compounds with high levels of alumina, and polymerization catalyst compositions employing these activator-supports. Methods for making these activator-supports based on alumina-silica and for using such compounds in catalyst compositions for the polymerization and copolymerization of olefins are also provided.

Abstract: A Composition comprising one or more metal hydroxy salts and a matrix, binder or carrier material, wherein the metal hydroxy salt is a compound comprising (a) as metal either (i) one or more divalent metals, at least one of them being selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, and Mn, or (ii) one or more trivalent metal(s), (b) framework hydroxide, and (c) a replaceable anion. This composition has various catalytic applications.

Abstract: A method of preparing a steam reforming catalyst characterized by improved resistance to attrition loss when used for cracking, reforming, water gas shift and gasification reactions on feedstock in a fluidized bed reactor, comprising: fabricating the ceramic support particle, coating a ceramic support by adding an aqueous solution of a precursor salt of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh, Cr, Co, Mn, Mg, K, La and Fe and mixtures thereof to the ceramic support and calcining the coated ceramic in air to convert the metal salts to metal oxides.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of making a small crystal SSZ-32 zeolite, known as SSZ-32X. The catalyst is suitable for use in a process whereby a feed including straight chain and slightly branched paraffins having 10 or more carbon atoms is dewaxed to produce an isomerized product, with increased yield of isomerized material and decreased production of light ends.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst nickel, silica, alumina and magnesium, wherein the nickel to magnesium atomic ratio is 5-75. In particular the present invention relates to a catalyst comprising nickel, silica, alumina and magnesium, wherein the nickel to silicium atomic ratio (Ni/Si) is 2 to 30 the nickel to aluminum atomic ratio (Ni/Al) is 9 to 40 and the nickel to magnesium atomic ratio (Ni/Mg) is 5-75. The invention further relates to a method for preparing such a catalyst. The invention further relates to a process for hydrogenating unsaturated organic compounds.

Abstract: A catalytically active glass-ceramic and method for producing a catalytically active multi-phase glass-ceramic in which at least one catalyst precursor is mixed with a glass-ceramic precursor formulation to form a catalyst precursor/glass-ceramic precursor mixture. The catalyst precursor/glass-ceramic precursor mixture is then melted to form an amorphous glass material which, in turn, is devitrified to form a polycrystalline ceramic. The polycrystalline ceramic is then activated, forming a catalytically active multi-phase glass-ceramic.

Abstract: There is disclosed a ceramic structure which comprises a material having a controlled pore distribution and including cordierite as the main crystal phase. In the pore distribution, the volume of pores having pore diameters smaller than 20 ?m accounts for 15% or less of the total pore volume, and the volume of pores having pore diameters of 20 to 100 ?m accounts for 70% or more of the total pore volume. This ceramic structure is suitable for realizing a ceramic catalyst body which has excellent purification efficiency, is reduced in pressure loss, and is mountable even in a limited space.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of making a small crystal SSZ-32 zeolite, known as SSZ-32X. The catalyst is suitable for use in a process whereby a feed including straight chain and slightly branched paraffins having 10 or more carbon atoms is dewaxed to produce an isomerized product, with increased yield of isomerized material and decreased production of light ends.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to carbon monoxide oxidation reactions in the presence of an O2 containing gas, nitrogen oxide conversion reactions, volatile organic compound conversion reactions in the presence of an O2 containing gas, and combinations thereof, and catalysts for use in those reactions. The catalyst comprises cobalt, its oxides or mixtures thereof and ruthenium, its oxides or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A layered catalyst is disclosed for use in transalkylation of polyalkylated benzenes. The catalyst comprises an inner core material with a molecular sieve bonded over the core, The process minimizes the cracking of the alkyl groups during the transalkylation reaction.

Abstract: Supported catalysts are manufactured from a pretreated porous support material and a nanocatalyst solution of catalyst nanoparticles. The porous support material is pre-treated with a gaseous solvent (e.g., steam or alcohol) to protect the support material from cracking during impregnation of the nanocatalyst solution. The supported catalysts have more uniform size, lower attrition of metals during manufacturing and use, and improved distributions of metal loading compared to catalysts manufactured using known techniques. Hydrogen peroxide manufactured from such catalysts is less likely to be contaminated with catalyst metal.

Abstract: A method of catalytically decomposing water, which comprises contacting water with a composite catalyst comprising a solid acid catalyst and a solid base catalyst at an elevated temperature, wherein the composite catalyst contains the solid acid catalyst in an amount of 36 to 65% by weight and the balance being the solid base catalyst, and wherein the temperature is higher than a temperature at which pH values of the (H2O/O2 redox) potential and (H2O/H2 redox) potential are equal to each other, the redox potentials being given by a water potential—pH value diagram.

Abstract: A ceramic body that can support a required amount of catalyst component, without lowering the characteristics such as strength, manufactured without forming a coating layer and providing a high performance ceramic catalyst body that is excellent in practical utility and durability. This ceramic body is made by substituting at least one of the constituent elements of cordierite that constitutes the substrate ceramic, for example Al, with W that is the element having an empty orbit in d or f orbit, has high bonding strength and is less susceptible to deterioration since the catalyst component Pt is supported by means of chemical bonding.

Abstract: An amorphous support, methods for making the same and methods of using, particularly in hydrocracking. A method of making may comprise mixing a first amorphous material and a second amorphous material of different acidities to form a mixture, and treating by either separately treating the first and second amorphous materials before mixing or treating the mixture, so as to form an amorphous catalyst support. Treating preferably includes calcining. The acidity of the amorphous support may be modified by the different acidities of the precursor amorphous materials, their proportions in the mixture, and/or the order of the mixing and treating steps. A method of use may comprise reacting a hydrocarbon fraction with hydrogen over a hydrocracking catalyst comprising the amorphous catalyst support to form a hydrocracked product. Further embodiments include the first and second amorphous materials comprising silica-alumina, and/or differing in Brönsted acidity, Lewis acidity, or acidity index.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating unsaturations in petrochemical feedstocks, the process comprising contacting the petrochemical feedstock, including at least one component having unsaturations, and hydrogen with a catalyst comprising at least one Group Ia, Ib, IIb, VIb, VIIb or VIII metal on a support of a crystalline calcium silicate having a surface area of at least 30 m2/g, the support being in the form of substantially spherical particles having a mean diameter of from 10 to 200 microns and pores in the particles having a diameter of from 100 to 2000 Angstroms, at a temperature of from 0 to 550° C. and a pressure of from 3 to 150 barg.

Abstract: Methods of preparing a polymerization catalyst are provided that include contacting a support comprising alumina with a sulfating agent and with chromium. In an embodiment in which the chromium is provided from a chromium compound such as chromium oxide, the support may be calcined after loading the sulfating agent and the chromium on the support. Alternatively, the sulfating agent can be loaded on the support while calcining it. In another embodiment in which the chromium is provided from an organochromium compound, the support may be calcined after contacting it with the sulfating agent and before contacting it with the organochromium compound. Catalysts compositions formed by the foregoing method are provided. In an embodiment, catalyst compositions comprise chromium and a sulfate treated alumina support. The catalyst compositions have an activity for ethylene polymerization that is at least about 25% greater than an activity of the same catalyst without sulfate.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx generated during a partial or incomplete combustion catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise (i) an acidic metal oxide containing substantially no zeolite, (ii) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and mixtures thereof, (iii) an oxygen storage component, and (iv) a noble metal component, preferably rhodium or iridium, and mixtures thereof, are disclosed. Preferably, the compositions are used as separate additives particles circulated along with the circulating FCC catalyst inventory. Reduced emissions of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx in an effluent off gas of a partial or incomplete combustion FCC regenerator provide for an overall NOx reduction as the effluent gas stream is passed from the FCC regenerator to a CO boiler, whereby as CO is oxidized to CO2 a lesser amount of the reduced nitrogen species is oxidized to NOx.

Abstract: A granular photocatalytic material in the form of pellets or tablet is produced by compressing a photocatalyst mixture containing photocatalytic particles and a filler in air, a vacuum, or an inert gas at a temperature of 0 to 200° C., a pressure of 500 to 6000 kg/cm2, and a pressing time of 0.01 to 60 seconds. An alkali slurry is applied on the surface of the granular photocatalytic material. A method of restoring a function of granular photocatalytic material comprises washing the surface of the granular photocatalytic material with the slurry or an alkali solution of sodium hydroxide An apparatus for decomposing and removing toxic organic matter comprises a means of bringing the granular photocatalytic material into contact with the toxic organic matter in a liquid or air, and a means of irradiating the granular photocatalytic material with light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less.

Abstract: A method of making a catalyst with monolayer or sub-monolayer metal by controlling the wetting characteristics on the support surface and increasing the adhesion between the catalytic metal and an oxide layer. There are two methods that have been demonstrated by experiment and supported by theory. In the first method, which is useful for noble metals as well as others, a negatively-charged species is introduced to the surface of a support in sub-ML coverage. The layer-by-layer growth of metal deposited onto the oxide surface is promoted because the adhesion strength of the metal-oxide interface is increased. This method can also be used to achieve nanoislands of metal upon sub-ML deposition. The negatively-charged species can either be deposited onto the oxide surface or a compound can be deposited that dissociates on, or reacts with, the surface to form the negatively-charged species.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx generated during a partial or incomplete combustion catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise (i) an acidic metal oxide containing substantially no zeolite, (ii) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and mixtures thereof, (iii) an oxygen storage component, and (iv) a noble metal component, preferably rhodium or iridium, and mixtures thereof, are disclosed. Preferably, the compositions are used as separate additives particles circulated along with the circulating FCC catalyst inventory. Reduced emissions of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx in an effluent off gas of a partial or incomplete combustion FCC regenerator provide for an overall NOx reduction as the effluent gas stream is passed from the FCC regenerator to a CO boiler, whereby as CO is oxidized to CO2 a lesser amount of the reduced nitrogen species is oxidized to NOx.

Abstract: A nickel-rhodium alloy based catalyst for catalyzing the production of synthesis gas from a light hydrocarbon and O2 by a net catalytic partial oxidation process is disclosed. Preferred nickel-rhodium alloy based catalysts comprise about 1-50 weight percent nickel and about 0.01-10 weight percent rhodium on a porous refractory support structure. In certain embodiments, the catalyst also contains a lanthanide element, zirconium, cobalt, manganese or magnesium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for homo-polymerization or co-polymerization of ethylene, or more particularly to a solid complex titanium catalyst for homo-polymerization or co-polymerization of ethylene. The catalyst may be produced by preparing a magnesium solution by contact-rcacting a magnesium halide compound with alcohol. Reacting the solution with an ester compoound and a silicon compound. Then reacting the solution with a mixture of a titanium compound and a silicon compound.

Abstract: An adsorbent catalyst for reducing the amounts of nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide contained in exhaust or combustion gases, which catalyst adsorbs nitrogen oxides, when the exhaust or combustion gases contain in excess of oxygen, and liberates and reduces the adsorbed nitrogen oxides, when the gases contain oxygen in stoichiometric amounts or less, which adsorbent catalyst include a porous support material the surface area of which is large and which contains at least the following: a first catalytic metal, which is preferably Pt, a first NOx adsorbent, which preferably contains at least one of the following metals: Ba and Sr, a second NOx adsorbent, which preferably contains at least one of the following metals: La and Y, and a redox NOx adsorbent, which preferably contains at least one of the following metals: Ce, Zr, Ti, Nb, Mn, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and G.

Abstract: A catalyst for purification of exhaust gas includes a carrier, and a catalyst layer containing an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal as an NOx-adsorbing component, the catalyst layer being loaded on the carrier, in which catalyst the carrier-composing material contains Si in an amount of 0.5 to 10.0% by weight as expressed as an oxide. Since the inclusion of Si can suppress the deterioration of the carrier caused by the alkali metal and/or the alkaline earth metal during the use of the catalyst, the catalyst can be used over a long period.

Abstract: A catalyst support for use in technologies (i.e., SCR and NOx adsorbers) which address the reduction of NOx from exhaust emissions of diesel and GDI engines. The catalyst support has a honeycomb body composed of a porous ceramic material, and a plurality of parallel cell channels traversing the body from a frontal inlet end to an outlet end thereof. The porous ceramic material is defined by a total porosity greater than 45 vol. %, and a network of interconnected pores with a narrow pore size distribution of pores having a median pore size greater than 5 micrometers but less than 20 micrometers. The catalyst support is capable of attaining higher catalyst loadings without a pressure drop penalty.

Abstract: A silica-based photocatalyst fiber having visible-light activity, which fiber comprises a composite oxide phase comprising an oxide phase (first phase) mainly made of a silica component and a titania phase (second phase), wherein the second phase contains a metal element other than titanium and the existent ratio of the second phase slopingly increases towards the surface of the fiber, and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: A gel composition substantially contained within the pores of a solid material for use as a catalyst or as a catalyst support in dehydrogenation and dehydrocyclization processes.

Abstract: The production of ethylenically unsaturated acids or esters by the catalytic reaction of an alkanoic acid or ester, especially methyl propionate, with formaldehyde, and a catalyst therefor wherein the catalyst comprises a porous high surface area silica containing 1-10% by weight of an alkali metal, especially cesium (expressed as a metal) and having compounds of at least one modifier element selected from boron, magnesium, aluminium, zirconium and hafnium dispersed in the pores of said silica in such amount that the catalyst contains a total of 0.25 to 2 gram atoms of primary modifier element per 100 moles of silica.

Abstract: Compositions for reduction of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx generated during a partial or incomplete combustion catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise (i) an acidic metal oxide containing substantially no zeolite, (ii) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and mixtures thereof, (iii) an oxygen storage component, and (iv) a noble metal component, preferably rhodium or iridium, and mixtures thereof, are disclosed. Preferably, the compositions are used as separate additives particles circulated along with the circulating FCC catalyst inventory. Reduced emissions of gas phase reduced nitrogen species and NOx in an effluent off gas of a partial or incomplete combustion FCC regenerator provide for an overall NOx reduction as the effluent gas stream is passed from the FCC regenerator to a CO boiler, whereby as CO is oxidized to CO2 a lesser amount of the reduced nitrogen species is oxidized to NOx.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for purifying and drying a polymer hydrogel. This invention is based in part upon the discovery that rapid drying of polymer hydrogels can eliminate the problem of unacceptable levels of soluble oligomers caused by prolonged thermal treatment. Rapid drying techniques allow drying hydrogels containing more water than was previously considered possible without a loss in product quality. Furthermore, it was discovered that slurries comprising polymer hydrogels and large quantities of water can be spray dried and that spray drying can be conducted with only minimal oligomer formation.

Abstract: A granular photocatalytic material in the form of pellets or tablet is produced by compressing a photocatalyst mixture containing photocatalytic particles and a filler in air, a vacuum, or an inert gas at a temperature of 0 to 200° C., a pressure of 500 to 6000 kg/cm2, and a pressing time of 0.01 to 60 seconds. An alkali slurry is applied on the surface of the granular photocatalytic material. A method of restoring a function of granular photocatalytic material comprises washing the surface of the granular photocatalytic material with the slurry or an alkali solution of sodium hydroxide An apparatus for decomposing and removing toxic organic matter comprises a means of bringing the granular photocatalytic material into contact with the toxic organic matter in a liquid or air, and a means of irradiating the granular photocatalytic material with light having a wavelength of 400 nm or less.

Abstract: The production of ethylenically unsaturated acids or esters by the catalytic reaction of an alkanoic acid or ester, especially methyl propionate, with formaldehyde, and a catalyst therefor wherein the catalyst comprises a porous high surface area silica containing 1-10% by weight of an alkali metal, especially cesium, (expressed as metal) and having compounds of at least one modifier element selected from boron, magnesium, aluminum, zirconium and hafnium dispersed in the pores of said silica in such amount that the catalyst contains a total of 0.25 to 2 gram atoms of primary modifier element per 100 moles of silica.

Abstract: A silica-group composite oxide fiber formed of a composite oxide phase of an oxide phase (first phase) mainly made of a silica component and a metal oxide phase (second phase) excluding silica, in which the existent ratio of at least one metal element of a metal oxide constituting the second phase upward slopingly increases toward the surface layer of the fiber and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to obtain a ceramic body that can support a required amount of catalyst component, without lowering the characteristics such as strength, being manufactured without forming a coating layer and providing a high performance ceramic catalyst body that is excellent in practical utility and durability.

Abstract: A composite oxide includes agglomerated particles which have an average particle diameter of 20 &mgr;m or less, which are composed of a plurality of metallic element oxides being in form of fine particles having an average diameter of 50 nm or less, and which have a surface and an inner portion whose metallic element distributions differ with each other. The characteristics of the respective metallic elements are exhibited maximally. Hence, it is extremely useful as a support for an exhaust gas purifying catalyst. The catalyst exhibits the activities which degrade less even after it is subjected to a sever durability, is good in terms of the heat and sulfur-poisoning resistance, and can efficiently purify the harmful components in exhaust gases. Moreover, it is possible to produce such a composite oxide and catalyst easily and stably by production processes disclosed herein.

Abstract: Aluminum-magnesium silicate- or fluorinated magnesium silicate- aerogels which may be calcined, chemically modified, ion-exchanged, agglomerated, used as a component of a catalyst composition for an addition polymerization; supported versions thereof; and processes for polymerization are disclosed.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic catalyst body with a better catalyst performance by using a ceramic carrier capable of directly supporting a catalyst component.

Abstract: The present invention improves a ceramic carrier capable of directly supporting a catalyst component and provides a ceramic carrier and a ceramic catalyst body which have high catalyst performance and practical value.