Abstract: A process for regenerating a catalyst containing ruthenium or ruthenium compounds, which includes, optionally at elevated temperature, subjecting the catalyst to a hydrogen halide treatment, particularly a gas stream comprising hydrogen chloride, under non-oxidative conditions and, optionally at reduced temperature, to at least a two-stage oxidative post-treatment. The catalyst may have been poisoned by sulfur compounds. After the removal of sulfur, the catalyst is subjected to an oxidative post-treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed are processes for regenerating catalysts comprising at least one Group 10 metal and a microporous crystalline aluminosilicate having a having a molar ratio of Group 10 metal to Al of greater than or equal to about 0.007:1, and hydrocarbon conversion processes including such regeneration processes. In an aspect, the regeneration processes comprise an oxychlorination step comprising contacting the catalyst with a first gaseous stream comprising a chlorine source and an oxygen source under conditions effective for dispersing at least a portion of the at least one Group 10 metal on the surface of the catalyst and for producing a first Group 10 metal chlorohydrate. The processes further comprise a chlorine stripping step comprising contacting the catalyst with a second gaseous stream comprising an oxygen source, and optionally a chlorine source, under conditions effective for increasing the O/Cl ratio of the first Group 10 metal chlorohydrate to produce a second Group 10 metal chlorohydrate.

Abstract: A process is presented for the management of sulfur on a catalyst. The catalyst is a dehydrogenation catalyst, and sulfur accumulates during the dehydrogenation process. Sulfur compounds are stripped from the spent catalyst and the catalyst is cooled before the regeneration process. The process includes controlling the amount of sulfur that needs to be removed from the catalyst before regeneration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for regenerating a hydrogen chloride oxidation catalyst comprising ruthenium oxide on a support material, which comprises the steps a) reduction of the catalyst in a gas stream comprising hydrogen chloride and optionally an inert gas at a temperature of from 100 to 800° C., b) recalcination of the catalyst in an oxygen-comprising gas stream at a temperature of from 150 to 800° C.

Abstract: Processes comprising: providing a catalyst comprising a catalytic component selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, ruthenium compounds, and combinations thereof, wherein the catalyst is sulfur-poisoned with one or more sulfur compounds; and treating the catalyst with a gas stream comprising a hydrogen halide under nonoxidative conditions such that the catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: The process involves the use of specifically selected coke precursor compounds from the front end of oil distillate fractions that contain C11 to C14 hydrocarbons and their use as additives in the processing of naphtha in a catalytic reformer. The C11 to C14 compounds additives enhance coke make in continuous catalytic regeneration (CCR) reformers to levels higher than those which are usually produced in low coke naphtha reforming operations. With the increase of ethanol blending in gasoline and low reformate octane severity operations, reformers do not produce the necessary amount of coke to permit sustaining steady state white burn operations.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the off site regeneration of a solid catalyst, comprising two consecutive steps: a first step of washing the catalyst using one or more fluid(s) in the supercritical state, so as to extract from the catalyst at least a portion of the hydrocarbons present at the surface of the latter, followed by a second step of combustion of at least a portion of the coke present at the surface of the said catalyst by a heat treatment of the latter in the presence of oxygen and at a temperature ranging from 300° C. to 600° C.

Abstract: Methods for treating or rejuvenating a spent catalyst are disclosed. Such methods can employ a step of halogenating the spent catalyst, followed by decoking the halogenated spent catalyst.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for regenerating a catalyst for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons or for reforming, comprising a step for combustion in a zone A comprising at least 2 beds A1 and A2, a step for oxychlorination in a zone B, and a step for calcining in a zone C. A portion of the effluent gas from the oxychlorination zone is recycled via at least one scrubbing section D to the inlet to beds A1 and A2. Further, a portion of the effluent gas from zone B is recycled to the combustion bed A2, passing via a blower but without passing via said scrubbing section D, and a portion is recycled to the inlet to zone B, passing via said blower but not via said scrubbing section. The invention also concerns the vessel in which said process is carried out.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for regenerating a catalyst for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons or for reforming. Said process comprises a step for combustion in a zone A comprising at least 2 beds A1 and A2, a step for oxychlorination in a zone B, and a step for calcining in a zone C. A portion of the effluent gas from the oxychlorination zone is recycled via at least one scrubbing section D to the inlet to beds A1 and A2. Further, a portion of the effluent gas from zone B is recycled, passing via a blower and without passing via said scrubbing section D, to the combustion bed A2.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst distributor and process for spreading catalyst over a regenerator vessel. Nozzles disposed angular to a header of the distributor spread catalyst throughout a full cross section of the catalyst bed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for regenerating a hydrogen chloride oxidation catalyst comprising ruthenium oxide on a support material, which comprises the steps a) reduction of the catalyst in a gas stream comprising hydrogen chloride and optionally an inert gas at a temperature of from 100 to 800° C., b) recalcination of the catalyst in an oxygen-comprising gas stream at a temperature of from 150 to 800° C.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for regenerating a catalyst for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons or for reforming, comprising a step for combustion in a zone A comprising at least 2 beds A1 and A2, a step for oxychlorination in a zone B, and a step for calcining in a zone C. A portion of the effluent gas from the oxychlorination zone is recycled via at least one scrubbing section D to the inlet to beds A1 and A2. Further, a portion of the effluent gas from zone B is recycled to the combustion bed A2, passing via a blower but without passing via said scrubbing section D, and a portion is recycled to the inlet to zone B, passing via said blower but not via said scrubbing section. The invention also concerns the vessel in which said process is carried out.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for regenerating a catalyst for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons or for reforming. Said process comprises a step for combustion in a zone A comprising at least 2 beds A1 and A2, a step for oxychlorination in a zone B, and a step for calcining in a zone C. A portion of the effluent gas from the oxychlorination zone is recycled via at least one scrubbing section D to the inlet to beds A1 and A2. Further, a portion of the effluent gas from zone B is recycled, passing via a blower and without passing via said scrubbing section D, to the combustion bed A2.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for regeneration of a zeolite catalyst, specifically an aluminosilicate zeolite with germanium substituted in the framework for silicon and with platinum deposited on the zeolite. The catalyst may be used in a process for aromatization of alkanes, specifically C2-C8 alkanes. The regeneration process 1) removes coke and sulfur from the catalyst via oxidation, 2) redisperses platinum on the surface of the catalyst via chlorine gas, 3) removes chlorine and bind Pt to the surface of the zeolite by steaming, 4) reduces the catalyst in hydrogen, and 5) optionally, resulfides the catalyst. The zeolite may be a MFI zeolite. The catalyst may be bound with an inert material which does not act as a binding site for platinum during the regeneration process, for example, silica.

Abstract: A method of reactivating a spent catalyst comprising a metal and a catalyst support, the method comprising redispersing the metal in the spent catalyst to produce a redispersed spent catalyst, contacting the redispersed spent catalyst with a reactivating composition to produce a redispersed, reactivated spent catalyst, and thermally treating the redispersed, reactivated spent catalyst to produce a reactivated catalyst.

Abstract: Processes comprising: providing a catalyst comprising a catalytic component selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, ruthenium compounds, and combinations thereof, wherein the catalyst is sulfur-poisoned with one or more sulfur compounds; and treating the catalyst with a gas stream comprising a hydrogen halide under nonoxidative conditions such that the catalyst is regenerated.

Abstract: A method of operating a continuous system for a catalyst regeneration process wherein the regeneration section includes a combustion zone, at least one oxygen boost zone, a halogenation zone and a drying zone in serial progression.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a regeneration process for a C8 alkylaromatic isomerization catalyst. The process can include: contacting the C8 alkylaromatic isomerization catalyst with a first gas stream comprising an oxidizing gas at a first stage for a first time period and a first temperature effective to remove at least a portion of a carbonaceous material from the C8 alkylaromatic isomerization catalyst; and contacting the C8 alkylaromatic isomerization catalyst with a second gas stream comprising the oxidizing gas at a second stage for a second time period and a second temperature effective to remove another portion of the carbonaceous material from the C8 alkylaromatic isomerization catalyst.

Abstract: Process to recover ruthenium in the form of ruthenium halide, particularly ruthenium chloride, from a ruthenium-containing supported catalyst material comprising: a) chemically decomposing the ruthenium-containing supported catalyst material; b) producing a raw ruthenium salt solution; c) purifying the raw ruthenium salt solution and optionally stripping gaseous ruthenium tetroxide from the raw ruthenium salt solution; and d) treating the purified ruthenium compound obtained in c), particularly the ruthenium tetroxide, with hydrogen halide or hydrohalic acid to obtain ruthenium halide, particularly with hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric acid to obtain ruthenium chloride.

Abstract: A process for regeneration of a catalyst that comprises at least one EUO-structural-type zeolite in acid form and at least one hydro-dehydrogenating metal, used in a process for isomerization of a hydrocarbon feedstock that comprises aromatic compounds with eight carbon atoms, comprising at least a) a stage for eliminating a majority of the coke, deposited on said catalyst, by combustion in the presence of a gas that contains oxygen at a temperature that is less than or equal to 600° C., and b) a stage for oxychlorination of the product that is obtained from stage a), carried out between 200 and 550° C. in the presence of at least one gas mixture that contains at least oxygen, water and chlorine and/or at least one chlorinated compound, is described.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for regeneration of a zeolite catalyst, specifically an aluminosilicate zeolite with germanium substituted in the framework for silicon and with platinum deposited on the zeolite. The catalyst may be used in a process for aromatization of alkanes, specifically C2-C8 alkanes. The regeneration process 1) removes coke and sulfur from the catalyst via oxidation, 2) redisperses platinum on the surface of the catalyst via chlorine gas, 3) removes chlorine and bind Pt to the surface of the zeolite by steaming, 4) reduces the catalyst in hydrogen, and 5) optionally, resulfides the catalyst. The zeolite may be a MFI zeolite. The catalyst may be bound with an inert material which does not act as a binding site for platinum during the regeneration process, for example, silica.

Abstract: Process for controlling the combustion zone of a fluidized bed process comprising a regeneration zone and a reaction zone, the catalyst circulating between these two zones, and the regeneration zone comprising a combustion stage of the coke deposited on the catalyst in the reaction zone, control of the combustion zone being performed on the basis of a characteristic variable of the operation of said combustion zone, said characteristic variable being the object of automatic regulation by acting on the catalyst throughput, characterized in that the value of the catalyst throughput or of any control variable connected unequivocally to the catalyst is determined based on information on the operating values of the combustion zone, at least one of which corresponds to an independent evaluation of the level of coke deposited on the catalyst.

Abstract: A process in which halogen is recovered from a cyclic operation for regenerating hydrocarbon conversion catalysts is disclosed. The process uses an arrangement of beds of adsorbent and a circulating stream to return the halogen-containing materials to a regeneration circuit.

Abstract: A process for continuously regenerating catalyst particles comprising: passing deactivated catalyst particles downwards in sequence through the first coke-burning zone, second coke-burning zone, oxychlorination zone, and calcination zone in the regenerator, wherein the catalyst particles are contacted with the regeneration gas from the second coke-burning zone, the supplemented dry air, and an inert gas in the first coke-burning zone; introducing an oxygen-containing regeneration gas from the second coke-burning zone into the regenerator, wherein said gas is contacted with the catalyst particles from the first coke burning zone; withdrawing the regeneration gas from the regenerator through the first coke-burning zone and, after the recovery system, recycling it to the second coke-burning zone. The regeneration gas may pass the catalyst bed in either a centrifugal or centripetal way.

Abstract: A method of recovering halogen-containing materials from the cyclic catalyst regeneration operation of a catalytic hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed. The method uses an arrangement of beds of adsorbent to return the halogen-containing materials to a circulating regeneration circuit.

Abstract: A method of recovering halogen-containing materials from the cyclic catalyst regeneration operation of a catalytic hydrocarbon conversion process is disclosed. The method uses an arrangement of beds of adsorbent to maintain the halogen-containing materials within a circulating regeneration circuit.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for regenerating a catalyst in a fixed bed, for example a catalyst for reforming or for aromatic compound production, including a step for monitoring and controlling combustion completion which is carried out after the catalyst has undergone all of the combustion steps of the process. The monitoring and control step is carried out by injecting an oxygen-containing gas into the zone where monitoring and control takes place, the monitoring and control step being carried out under conditions which are more severe than those in the combustion steps. The monitoring and control step is carried out with an oxygen consumption of less than 10%. The temperature advantageously remains substantially constant.

Abstract: Catalyst activation of a platinum reforming catalyst system contained in a multiple reactor system by simultaneously reducing the catalyst with hydrogen while introducing a nonmetallic chlorine-containing compound into a reactor of the multiple reactor system in an amount to add from about 0.05 to about 0.3 weight percent chlorine to the catalyst and thereafter purging the system with about 100 to about 50,000 cubic feet of hydrogen per cubic foot of catalyst resulting in a reforming system having increased activity and providing enhanced RON values with reduced cracking of feedstock.

Abstract: A process for continuously regenerating catalyst particles comprising: passing deactivated catalyst particles downwards in sequence through the first coke-burning zone, second coke-burning zone, oxychlorination zone, and calcination zone in the regenerator, wherein the catalyst particles are contacted with the regeneration gas from the second coke-burning zone, the supplemented dry air, and an inert gas in the first coke-burning zone; introducing an oxygen-containing regeneration gas from the second coke-burning zone into the regenerator, wherein said gas is contacted with the catalyst particles from the first coke burning zone; withdrawing the regeneration gas from the regenerator through the first coke-burning zone and, after the recovery system, recycling it to the second coke-burning zone. The regeneration gas may pass the catalyst bed in either a centrifugal or centripetal way.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for regenerating a catalyst for the production of aromatic compounds, in particular for reforming, comprising combustion (A), oxychlorination (B) and calcining (C) steps, in which at least one chlorinating agent (conduit 19), at least one oxygen-containing gas (conduit 18), and water (conduit 20) are introduced into the oxychlorination step such that the H.sub.2 O/HCl molar ratio is 3 to 50, the oxychlorination step being carried out in the presence of an oxychlorination gas containing less than 21% of oxygen and at least 50 ppm by weight of chlorine (based on HCl), and at a temperature of 350-600.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst wherein at least a portion of a halogen-containing compound is precombusted in a precombustion zone, and the catalyst is regenerated in the presence of the halogen. By precombusting the halogen-containing compound in a precombustion zone rather than in the regeneration zone, this invention decreases the risk of permanent catalyst deactivation and of costly equipment damage in the regeneration zone. This method is adaptable to many processes for the catalyst conversion of hydrocarbons in which deactivated catalyst particles are regenerated in a moving bed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for moving bed regeneration of a reforming or aromatic hydrocarbon production catalyst. The catalyst includes a support, at least one noble metal and at least one halogen. The process includes a combustion step in which the catalyst is treated in at least two successive combustion zones. Also, the process includes each combustion zone separated from adjacent combustion zones allowing catalyst to pass and preventing passage of gas, at least one oxygen-containing gas introduced into each zone and produced gases extracted from each zone, and the severity of the operating conditions in each zone increasing in the direction of catalyst flow. Advantageously, the combustion step ends in a zone for monitoring and controlling combustion completion characterized by a low or zero oxygen consumption.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process and unit for regenerating a catalyst for the production of aromatic compounds, in particular for reforming, the catalyst being in a moving bed, comprising combustion, oxychlorination and calcining steps, in which at least one chlorinating agent, at least one oxygen-containing gas, and water are introduced into the oxychlorination step such that the H.sub.2 O/HCl molar ratio is 1 to 50, the oxychlorination step being carried out in the presence of an oxychlorination gas containing less than 21% of oxygen and at least 50 ppm by weight of chlorine (based on HCl), and at a temperature of 350-600.degree. C., and in which the combustion step is carried out in at least two combustion zones, each zone being separated from the adjacent zones, and at least one gas charged with oxygen is introduced into each zone, the gases produced being extracted from each zone, and in which the severity of the operating conditions increases in the direction of flow of the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the regeneration of a sulfur containing catalysts, wherein the catalyst is stripped of sulfur before the oxychlorination treatment of the regeneration process, typically before the catalyst is sent to the regeneration zone. The process is particularly useful for catalyst employed in hydrocarbon conversions such as dehydrogenation reactions, particularly those which comprise the injection of sulfur and/or at least one sulfur compound before or simultaneously to the introduction of the charge into the first reaction zone.

Abstract: A deactivated reforming catalyst comprising a type L zeolite containing a Group VIII noble metal may be regenerated and have enhanced dispersion by a method involving contacting the catalyst with oxygen and water at elevated temperatures, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with a source of chlorine such as HCl or Cl.sub.2, and preferably oxygen and water, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with oxygen and optionally water, and contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with hydrogen and optionally water to reduce the catalyst. Preferably the noble metal is platinum.

Abstract: The invention is directed a process for regenerating deactivated reforming catalysts comprising at least one Group VIII metal on zeolite L, preferably wherein the catalysts are extruded using a binder material such as alumina or silica. The process includes: a) coke burn at severe conditions to improve the accessibility of the Group VIII catalytic metal particles by transporting them to the outside of the zeolite microchannels; b) catalytic metal redispersion by wet oxychlorination with elemental chlorine and oxygen; c) stripping with a gas stream comprising oxygen and water at low pressure to remove as much residual chlorine as possible; and d) reduction of catalytic metals with hydrogen at low pressure. The process is particularly effective for recovering activity of catalysts which have been severely deactivated.

Abstract: A deactivated reforming catalyst comprising a type L zeolite containing a Group VIII noble metal may be regenerated and have enhanced dispersion by a method involving contacting the catalyst with oxygen and water at elevated temperatures, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with a source of chlorine such as HCl or Cl.sub.2, and preferably oxygen and water, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with oxygen and optionally water, and contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with hydrogen and optionally water to reduce the catalyst. Preferably the noble metal is platinum.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for regenerating deactivated catalyst or redispersing catalytic metal in a fresh catalyst comprising at least one Group VIII catalytic metal, zeolite, an inert binder. The process comprises coke burn, hydrogen reduction, catalyst conditioning, oxychlorination, low pressure stripping, and low pressure final hydrogen reduction.

Abstract: Process for regenerating a fluorination catalyst The invention relates to a process for regenerating a fluorination catalyst containing chromium and magnesium after use in a fluorination reaction, in which the used catalyst is treated with a mixture comprising at least 10 mol % of HF, from 30 to 90 mol % of O.sub.2 and from 0 to 60 mol % of inert gas.

Abstract: A deactivated reforming catalyst comprising a type L zeolite containing a Group VIII noble metal may be regenerated and have enhanced dispersion by a method involving contacting the catalyst with oxygen and water at elevated temperatures, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with a source of chlorine such as HCl or Cl.sub.2, and preferably oxygen and water, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with oxygen and optionally water, and contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with hydrogen and optionally water to reduce the catalyst. Preferably the noble metal is platinum.

Abstract: A low-pressure, high-temperature, wet post-treatment after oxyhalogenation during regeneration to improve activity and selectivity recovery of a regenerated catalyst involves exposing a halogenated catalyst to a gaseous stream including water having a partial pressure of up to about 1.5 psia, oxygen having a partial pressure of less than about 4.5 psia, and an inert gas at a temperature within the range of about 450.degree. C. to about 530.degree. C. at a pressure within the range of about 14.7 psia to about 65 psia for a time sufficient to effect a hydrogen halide partial pressure in offgas from the halogenated catalyst of less than about 0.004 psia to effectively remove excess halide from the halogenated catalyst.

Abstract: A deactivated reforming catalyst comprising a type L zeolite containing a Group VIII noble metal may be regenerated and have enhanced dispersion by a method involving contacting the catalyst with oxygen and water at elevated temperatures, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with a source of chlorine such as HCl or Cl.sub.2, and preferably oxygen and water, contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with oxygen and optionally water, and contacting the catalyst at elevated temperatures with hydrogen and optionally water to reduce the catalyst. Preferably the noble metal is platinum.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a regeneration process for a catalyst containing at least one metallic element selected from the group formed by platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium and nickel, preferably platinum, on a refractory oxide based support, which has been deactivated by coke deposition. The regeneration process is characterised in that said regeneration consists of treatment with a gas containing at least chlorine and molecular oxygen, at a temperature between 20.degree. C. and 800.degree. C. and a total gas flow rate, expressed in liters of gas per hour and per gram of catalyst, of between 0.05 and 20. The process at least restores the initial catalytic properties of the catalyst.

Abstract: A regeneration process for reconditioning catalyst particles containing platinum by transferring the catalyst particles through a combustion zone and a reconditioning zone is disclosed. Drying of the catalyst particles and redispersion of the platinum occur simultaneously in a single reconditioning zone. Catalyst that enters the reconditioning zone is contacted countercurrently with a heated gas stream containing chlorine and oxygen. A low moisture content of the gas stream aids drying and allows the equilibrium reaction between hydrogen chloride and oxygen on the one hand, and water and chlorine on the other hand to be shifted to chlorine. This shift of the equilibrium reaction can be further improved by maintaining an oxygen-enriched environment within the reconditioning zone. By eliminating the need for separate drying and redispersion zones used previously, the regeneration apparatus is less expensive to build and the regeneration process is less expensive to operate.

Abstract: A process for the reactivation of a chromium-based fluorination catalyst, in particular chromia, by contacting the deactivated chromium-based fluorination catalyst with an atmosphere containing water vapour at elevated temperature, preferably above 300.degree. C.

Abstract: A regeneration process and apparatus eliminates the need for an external chlorination recycle loop. The method and apparatus uses two-pass internal mixing of a chlorine compound input stream and drying gas to both mix and heat the chlorination gas before entering the chlorination zone. The only heat required for the process is a small amount for vaporizing the chlorine containing input stream to prevent the formation of chloride droplets. All other heat for the chlorination zone is supplied internally in the regeneration vessel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for starting up a cyclic or semi-cyclic reforming reactor after catalyst regeneration. The method mitigates disruptions to the reforming unit after catalyst regeneration, such as excessive light gas make and a decrease in recycle hydrogen purity.

Abstract: A method for regenerating a Group VIII noble metal catalyst which has been contaminated with coke during a reforming process. The method comprises (a) burning off the coke from the catalyst, redispersing the noble metal on the surface of the catalyst support by contacting the catalyst with halogen gas and carbon dioxide, and (c) chemically reducing the catalyst. The presence of carbon dioxide in the redispersing step improves the activity of the regenerated catalyst.

Abstract: A semi-continuous process for combusting coke from catalyst particles in a fixed bed is improved by rejecting from the combustion process a high moisture content flue gas stream which is produced by the combustion of a relatively large proportion of the hydrogen in the coke that enters the combustion section during an early stage of combustion. By operating the early stage of combustion at conditions to increase the rate of combustion of the hydrogen in the coke relative to that of the carbon in the coke, the overall equilibrium level of water in a flue gas/recycle gas that circulates through the process is lowered. The high moisture content flue gas stream from the early stage of combustion is rejected separately from the process.