Abstract: Provided are compositions and methods for reducing foliar chloroplast movement in plants and trees to enhance CO2 trapping (carbon capture) from the air while naturally increasing the oxygen in the atmosphere and diluting the concentration of greenhouse gasses. Also provided are methods for measuring foliar chloroplast avoidance in response to treatments designed to reduce avoidance.

Abstract: The present specification discloses a composition comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of hypochlorous acid or free available chlorine in combination with one or more quaternary compounds or silicon quaternary compounds, one or more guanide-containing compounds, one or more alcohols, one or more metallic particles, one or more metal salts, or any combination thereof. The present specification further discloses a kit comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of a one or more containers including a composition disclosed herein or components which make up such compositions as well as methods and uses for such compositions and kits.

Abstract: Methods of improving the growth of a plant by applying a plant growth effective amount of a plant growth composition that includes a hydrated aluminum-magnesium silicate and at least one dispersant selected from the group consisting of a sucrose ester, a lignosulfonate, an alkylpolyglycoside, a naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and a phosphate ester to plant propagation material in the absence of insect pest pressure.

Abstract: A sunscreen composition for application for plants comprises Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), a surfactant, wetting agent, dispersant (SWD) and water. The composition forms a suspension concentrate when combined that when diluted in water provides a solution that provides uniform coverage using convention spraying equipment. A method of protecting plants including turfgrass from ultraviolet radiation, heat stress and/or sunburn comprises combining TiO2, ZnO, SiO2, SWD and water to form a suspension concentrate. The suspension concentrate is then diluted in water and applied to an area in which sun protection is desired.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising an acidified aqueous solution of (1) micro colloidal silicic acid, (2) boric acid, and (3) a water absorbing additive, having a pH value of equal to or less than 1, wherein the micro colloidal silicic acid has particle sizes in the range of 1-8 nm, especially in the range of 1.5-6 nm. The invention also provides a particulate product obtainable by the method according to claim 18, wherein the particles comprise (1) silicic acid, (2) boric acid, and (3) the water absorbing additive, and wherein at least 90% of the particles in the particulate product have particle sizes in the range of 0.3-5 ?m.

Abstract: A sunscreen composition for application for plants comprises Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Silicon Dioxide (SiO2), a surfactant, wetting agent, dispersant (SWD) and water. The composition forms a suspension concentrate when combined that when diluted in water provides a solution that provides uniform coverage using convention spraying equipment. A method of protecting plants including turfgrass from ultraviolet radiation, heat stress and/or sunburn comprises combining TiO2, ZnO, SiO2, SWD and water to form a suspension concentrate. The suspension concentrate is then diluted in water and applied to an area in which sun protection is desired.

Abstract: An adjuvant composition is provided which comprises: (a) at least one water-soluble electrolyte; (b) at least one electrolyte-tolerant surfactant; (c) antifoam component which is at least one mixture selected from the group consisting of (1) at least one branched silicone resin (i), at least one silicone fluid (ii), at least one particulate metal oxide (iii) and, optionally, at least one catalyst (iv) for catalyzing the condensation of siloxy groups, (2) the equilibration reaction product of mixture (1), and (3) mixture (1) in which at least a portion of particulate metal oxide (iii) is pre-hydrophobized; (d) optionally, at least one additional bioinert material; and, (e) water.

Abstract: Ferrous sulfate and ferrous ammonium sulfate are known to kill moss and liverwort. They impart acidity in the lawn. Moss grows better in an acidic pH. The current invention proposes a formulation of ferrous sulfate or ferrous ammonium sulfate and zero valent iron with lime. Lime neutralizes the acidity produced by the ferrous salt and keeps the pH of the soil at 7 to 7.5. The formulation produces an immediate effect to eradicate moss and also provides a sustained effect over a long period. Another embodiment contains an addition of antimicrobial agents such as benzalkonium chloride, dichlorophen, and didecyldimethyl ammonium chloride to the ferrous sulfate-lime formulation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a liquid composition for promoting plant growth containing titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The liquid composition contains, as an active ingredient, an aqueous solution prepared by adjusting the pH of colloidal titanium dioxide, a plant growth promoting component, to 0.4-0.6, in order to prevent rapid precipitation of the colloidal titanium dioxide, and then diluting the colloidal titanium dioxide with water to a predetermined concentration. The colloidal titanium dioxide, an environmentally friendly substance harmless to plants and the human body, which is contained in the plant growth promoting composition, is prevented from rapidly precipitating when it is diluted for application to plants. The plant growth promoting composition is harmless to organisms, reduces environmental contamination caused by over-application of biochemical fertilizers and is inexpensive, leading to an increase in farmer's income.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a formulation based on micronized natural calcite mineral consisting of: A. mineral part which is characterized: (i) by the particle size with diameter smaller than 5 ?m, where the distribution of particle size is such that minimum of 10% of particles are with diameter under 900 nm, with total surface of particles greater than 3.2 m2/g, and with total porous volume greater than 0.012 cm3/g, and by composition: (ii) CaCO3, MgCO3, FeCO3, MnCO3, ZnCO3 and SiO2 in mixtures where CaCO3 is presented in amount from 10% to 99% of mineral part; and B. adjuvant selected from the group consisting of: wetting agent, drift-control agent at application by spraying, humic acid salt, amino-acids salts, complex of plant micro-nutrients, vitamin, plant hormone, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium salt, borate salt, molybdate salt, plant extract, chlorophyll, yeast extract, or mixture of these substances; where A. and B. form an aqueous suspension wherein percentage of A. and B.

Abstract: Soil amendment/foliar nutrient compositions and methods for their manufacture and use are provided. The compositions are aqueous compositions that include a carbon skeleton energy component (CSE); a macronutrient; a vitamin cofactor; a complexing agent; and at least one of exotic micronutrient component and an ionophore component.

Abstract: A method is provided for inhibiting plant growth by inducing hypothermia by applying a treating substance to summer annual weeds and grasses. Susceptible undesirable plants will be killed by this treatment, while non-susceptible desirable plants will not be adversely affected by this treatment. Compressed carbon dioxide may be applied to other summer grasses to cause the grasses to become dormant. An apparatus is provided for inducing hypothermia in undesirable plants by applying a treating substance. A canister capable of housing gas may be provided. A valve may be provided to control the amount and pressure of gas dispensed from the canister.

Abstract: Compositions containing one or more metal phosphites are suitable for providing micronutrients for plant health and can be combined with glyphosate-containing herbicides either in a mixed composition or applied separately without concern of chelation of the micronutrient metal by the glyphosate.

Abstract: A method of controlling moss by applying to grass infested with moss a dry composition including: a) a source of nitrogen such as isobutylenediurea or methylene urea; b) a non-ionic surfactant or wetting agent; c) a metal containing salt, and d) an acidic pH adjusting agent effective to adjust the pH of the composition to a pH of between 2.5 and 5 when wetted on grass. The dry composition may be a granular composition, and may be applied by broadcasting over a large area.

Abstract: An agricultural and horticultural plant growth zeolite-based composition containing a particular zeolitic (i.e., zeolite-containing) material, termed “Yenomite,” is disclosed. This composition exhibits a collection of outstanding advantageous properties in agricultural and horticultural applications. Yenomite, which is found in a particular area of Jordan, comprises primarily phillipsite as the zeolite, optionally in conjunction with palagonite. Yenomite provides surprisingly better results as compared to when other zeolite-based soil amendment compositions, even when it is used as the mined material that has been only subject to a grinding or crushing operation to a desired mesh size. As mined, Yenomite contains very low levels of undesired Na+ ions. It can, therefore, be used without being subjected to a washing operation to remove these ions. Yenomite also possesses a very high CEC. These characteristics, and others, make Yenomite uniquely suitable to use in any agricultural or horticultural operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a regulation composition for gametophytic self-incompatibility which contains sulfates especially CuSO4 and ZnSO4 as an inhibitor, which prevents a style-specific RNase activity regulating gametophytic self-incompatibility; a control method for gametophytic self-incompatibility of a plant by using the regulation composition for gametophytic self-incompatibility; and a plant self-pollinated by destroying the gametophytic self-incompatibility, using the control method. By using the regulation composition for gametophytic self-incompatibility according to the present invention, a single species of fruit trees can be self-pollinated without cultivating other pollinizer, so that fruition rate can be increased and the productivity per unit area can be maximized.

Abstract: A composition for being sprayed on the foliage of a plant, which is suspended in water so as to apply to the foliage of the plant by using a paint sprayer or the like, which provides the effects that the photodecomposition of water on the surface of the foliage is advanced, and thereby carbon dioxide assimilation in the plant can be expedited, and an oxygen free radical as produced in a process of a photodecomposition reaction of water can be used for a lipid peroxidation reaction in a plant cell membrane, and a bactericide, an insecticide, a growth regulator and/or a herbicide which are excessively left on the surface of the foliage can be decomposed; and a method of using the same can be provided. A composition for being sprayed on the foliage of a plant, comprising at least one semiconductor photocatalyst(s) as an active ingredient, wherein, if necessary, further comprises at least one carbonate(s) and/or hydrogencarbonate(s) is used. The composition is sprayed on the above-ground part of the plant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel composition and method for controlling, killing or inhibiting the growth of bryophytes (e.g. mosses and liverworts). It is applicable to the remediation of these organisms in, gardens, orchards or agricultural land, or forests and upon higher plants without substantial detriment to grasses, trees or most broad leaf plants. The novel composition is a combination of an effective amount of finely ground calcium-rich compound suspended in a horticulturally or agriculturally acceptable diluent, and/or binder/carrier. In addition to being a carrier for the calcium-rich compound the binder also acts to bind fine soil particles, helping to conserve irrigation water and to reduce soil erosion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a regulation composition for gametophytic self-incompatibility which contains sulfates especially CuSO4 and ZnSO4 as an inhibitor, which prevents a style-specific RNase activity regulating gametophytic self-incompatibility; a control method for gametophytic self-incompatibility of a plant by using the regulation composition for gametophytic self-incompatibility; and a plant self-pollinated by destroying the gametophytic self-incompatibility, using the control method.

Abstract: A composition for regulating the growth of plants in which an effective amount of chlorocholine chloride, poly[oxyethylene(dimethyliminio)ethylene(dimethyliminio)ethylene]dichloride, and choline chloride, is diluted in an inert carrier. The inert carrier may be water, a solvent, or a surfactant. The composition with the diluent forms a liquid solution, which is sprayed on the foliage of subject plants prior to harvest. At least one inorganic salt may be added to the composition to enhance the efficacy of the liquid solution. A first formulation of the solution, preferably including the inorganic salt additive, may be applied early in the plant's development to discourage rank growth without inducing Cut-Out. A second formulation of the solution, having no inorganic salt but including a greater amount of chlorocholine chloride, may be applied late in the plant's development, to induce Cut-Out.

Abstract: The method for forming and the formulation thus formed contains essentially copper salt, acrylic polymer and natural resin in a chelated form and is used as a protective and curative fungicide.

Abstract: Inexpensive, and easy to use self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents such as titanium dioxide(TiO2) and tungsten oxide(WO3) along with mixing the agents with co-catalysts such as carbon(C), Fe(iron), Cu(copper), Ni(nickel) and CO2P. In addition, the co-catalyst loading can include up to approximately 5% carbon to maximize the inhibiting algae growth. The mixtures can be used to inhibit various growth organisms such as but not limited to algae, fungus, bacteria and mold. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings, such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks, and the like. Additionally, the coatings can be used as surfacing agent in contact with water within solar water heaters, piping adjacent to pool pumps, and the like.

Abstract: Inexpensive, and easy to use self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents such as titanium dioxide(TiO2) and tungsten oxide(WO3) along with mixing the agents with co-catalysts such as carbon(C), Fe(iron), Cu(copper), Ni(nickel) and CO2P. In addition, the co-catalyst loading can include up to approximately 5% carbon to maximize the inhibiting algae growth. The mixtures can be used to inhibit various growth organisms such as but not limited to algae, fungus, bacteria and mold. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings, such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks, and the like. Additionally, the coatings can be used as surfacing agent in contact with water within solar water heaters, piping adjacent to pool pumps, and the like.

Abstract: Dry, stable, high available halogen sanitizing granular compositions with a rapid rate of dissolution comprising halogenated 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triones and a dissolution accelerant that is an alkali metal salt of 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trione are disclosed. The disclosed compositions may include inorganic and/or organic disintegration agents. Additionally, these compositions may contain other performance enhancing additives such as water clarifiers, algaestats/algaecides, surfactants, glidants, processing aids, and binders. These UV stable sanitizing compositions contain a high available halogen content, and are stable even when stored in high-humidity environments.

Abstract: Inexpensive, and easy to use self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents such as titanium dioxide(TiO2) and tungsten oxide(WO3) along with mixing the agents with co-catalysts such as carbon(C), Fe(iron), Cu(copper), Ni(nickel) and CO2P. In addition, the co-catalyst loading can include up to approximately 5% carbon to maximize the inhibiting algae growth. The mixtures can be used to inhibit various growth organisms such as but not limited to algae, fungus, bacteria and mold. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings, such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks, and the like. Additionally, the coatings can be used as surfacing agent in contact with water within solar water heaters, piping adjacent to pool pumps, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for enhancing the photosynthesis of horticultural crops which involves treating the surface of said horticultural crop with an effective amount of one or more highly reflective particulate materials.

Abstract: Self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents with varying oxides, along with mixing the photoactive agents with carbon, noble metals and cobalt phosphide that inhibit the growth of algae are disclosed. The agents include concentrations of approximately at least 5% to approximately 50% TiO.sub.n1, WO.sub.n2, X--WO.sub.n2, or X--TiO.sub.n1, where 1.8.ltoreq.n1.ltoreq.2, and where 2.2.ltoreq.n2.ltoreq.3, and where X can be one of carbon, a noble metal, and cobalt phosphide. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings and agents can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks and the like.

Abstract: Self cleaning mixtures that use photoactive agents with varying oxides, along with mixing the photoactive agents with carbon, noble metals and cobalt phosphide that inhibit the growth of algae are disclosed. The agents include concentrations of approximately at least 5% to approximately 50% TiO.sub.n1, WO.sub.n2, X-WO.sub.n2, or X-TiO.sub.n1, where 1.8.ltoreq.n1.ltoreq.2, and where 2.2.ltoreq.n2.ltoreq.3, and where X can be one of carbon, a noble metal, and cobalt phosphide. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings and agents can be applied to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks and the like.

Abstract: Mixtures that use photoactive agents that inhibit the growth of algae are disclosed. The agents include concentrations of approximately at least 5% to approximately 50% TiO.sub.2, WO.sub.3, PtWO.sub.3 --Pt--WO.sub.3, or Pt--TiO.sub.2. The agents can be combined together, and/or each agent can be combined with various coatings such as but not limited to a cement or a polymer binder. The coatings and agents can be applyed to surfaces that are exposed to water such as but not limited to an aquarium, liners on the inner walls of swimming pools, drinking water tanks and the like. Further, applications can include using the novel surfacing agent as part of a solar water heater for both a home and a pool, wherein in the latter application the heater is connected between pool pumps and the pool so that when light is absorbed inside the heater, the surfacing agent becomes active for inhibiting the growth of algae. The photoactive agent can also be applied as a non-toxic algae-retardant marine paint.

Abstract: The present invention provides an effective method for controlling foliage and root fungus infection in cultivated crops. A fungicide composition in the form of an aqueous formulation which is applied to pre-harvest crops contains ingredients such as propiconazole, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium oleate, sodium caprylate and xanthan gum. The combination of sodium oleate, sodium caprylate and xanthan gum functions as an effective spreader-sticker medium for forming an adherent coating on plant foliage surfaces, and for saturating ground soil. The coating exhibits both immediate and long duration fungicidal activities.

Abstract: A water-soluble glass treating agent consisting essentially of, by weight: 55 to 80% of SiO.sub.2, 19.5 to 42% of Na.sub.2 O and 0.5 to 3% of Ag.sub.2 O (conversion for AgNO.sub.3) is disclosed. Also disclosed is a water-soluble glass treating agent further containing, by weight: 0.5 to 30% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in the above compositions. These glass water treating agents are glass free from boron constituent but which functions to kill or suppress bacteria and micro-organisms and are low in cost because it is simple in the composition of glass which is composed principally of three constituents at max. That agent which contains Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 functions to increase concentration of Ag in glass and to decrease the deliquescent property of glass.