Abstract: The present invention relates to 1-amino-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride salt formulations and methods of their use.

Abstract: 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid non-hydrate can be obtained by treating 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride with a tertiary amine in the presence of a C3-C4 alcohol and water, keeping the reaction mixture at 50° C. or below, collecting the precipitated crystal of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid 0.5 hydrate by filtration, and contacting the obtained crystal with a C1-C2 alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1-amino-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride salt formulations and methods of their use.

Abstract: 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid non-hydrate can be obtained by treating 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride with a tertiary amine in the presence of a C3-C4 alcohol and water, keeping the reaction mixture at 50° C. or below, collecting the precipitated crystal of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid 0.5 hydrate by filtration, and heating the obtained crystal to 80 to 245° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable 1-amino-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid formulations and methods of their use.

Abstract: A method of modifying the content of certain bacteria in uncured tobacco material is provided, the method including contacting an uncured tobacco material with a treatment solution, wherein the treatment solution is selected from the group consisting of: (i) a solution comprising salt, sugar, or a combination thereof; (ii) a solution comprising one or more enzymes; and (iii) a solution comprising one or more probiotics, wherein said contacting provides a treated tobacco material having a reduced total bacterial content following harvest. In certain embodiments, the treated tobacco material is subsequently cured, and can optionally be fermented. Smoking articles and smokeless tobacco products including such treated tobacco materials are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an agrochemical composition comprising at least one specific herbicide and at least one specific fungicide for controlling undesired vegetation in soybean cultures and for the desiccation and/or defoliation of soybeans. The invention further relates to a method for controlling undesired vegetation in soybean cultures and to a method for the desiccation and/or defoliation of soybean plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of introducing a florigen into a cell of a shoot apical tissue of a plant using a cell-penetrating peptide. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of introducing a florigen into a cell of a shoot apical tissue of a plant, the method including the step of bringing a solution for florigen introduction containing a florigen and a cell-penetrating peptide in one solvent into contact with a shoot apical tissue of a plant. The present invention also relates to an agent for introducing a florigen into a cell of a shoot apical tissue of a plant, including a florigen and a cell-penetrating peptide, and to a kit for introducing a florigen into a cell of a shoot apical tissue of a plant.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for increasing the drought tolerance of selected ornamental plants comprising administering abscisic acid (ABA) or its salts to said plants.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the treatment of a plant at the flowering or fruiting stage to reduce the number of fruits that the plant sets and grows to maturity with an effective amount of abscisic acid or its salts, derivatives or analogs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a concentrate for dilution with water in the preparation of an agricultural composition for application to crops, soil or animals. The concentrate is recommended for use with agricultural chemicals whose agricultural activity varies with the pH of the water. It comprises an active ingredient and a combination of pH indicators for coloring the water, the pH indicators being selected so as to indicate different colors of spray water at different pH levels. The proportions of active ingredient and pH indicators are selected so that when the concentrate is added to water, the pH indicators indicate visually upper and lower pH limits for optimum activity of the agricultural chemical.

Abstract: A composition containing at least one essential oil, especially clove oil, and at least one of lactic acid ethyl ester and lactic acid n-butyl ester. A tuber having, on at least a part of a surface thereof, the disclosed composition. A method of applying the invention composition onto the surface of a tuber. A method of contacting a potato tuber “on the line” with at least one essential oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions useful in the field of agricultural chemistry and methods for making and using the compositions. The compositions include (i) a permeabilizing agent, and (ii) a active component, for example, a pesticide or plant growth regulator, and can include additional components as well, for example, flow agents. The permeabilizing agent, or a mixture of permeabilizing agents, acts as an adjuvant to the active component or chemicals to improve the degree of efficacy of the active component or speed of action of the active component. The permeabilizing agents are typically one or more chelating agents, cationic materials, anionic materials, and zwitterionic materials, and include polyphosphate salts. Examples of cationic materials include polyamines such as ethylenediamine and quaternary ammonium salts. The active components can be pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, virucides, bacteriocides, and acaricides.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to liquid compositions of S-(+)-abscisic acid containing selected lipophilic agents, and methods of their preparation for agricultural use.

Abstract: A new use of 2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (HMTB) as an inducer, within the plant, of ethylene and polyamine synthesis, mainly putrescine, capable of regulating fruit maturation processes, both in relation to fruit abscission and in relation to color and sugar content, containing mineral elements such as phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen.

Abstract: There is provided a novel pesticidal emulsifiable concentrate composition that contains a phenoxypropionate herbicide (e.g., quizalofop-p-ethyl), a polar solvent (e.g., N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), non-polar solvent (e.g., aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon) and a surfactant (e.g., polyoxyethylene castor oil ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether), and that is improved in low-temperature stability and emulsion stability.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for reducing defoliation of plants and trees. Preferably, the methods and compositions of the invention reduce defoliation associated with the application of abscission agents or herbicides to plants and trees.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for and compositions comprising coronatine and surfactant for inducing abscission of fruit in plants and trees.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for and compositions for inducing abscission of fruit in plants and trees.

Abstract: The invention is organic pesticides made from components of hop extract by preparing stable aqueous emulsions of hop acids and other hop extract components. The hop acids and other hop extract components are suspended as stable, colloidal preparations in water, which can be sprayed directly on plants for pest control.

Abstract: An efficacy enhancer for agricultural chemicals and an agricultural chemical composition are disclosed which each manifest perfect stability even when they are incorporated into given agricultural chemicals at high concentrations and which possess excellent efficacy enhancing actions.A compound of the following formula (I) is used as the efficacy enhancer.

Abstract: This invention is related to herbicidal compositions comprising derivatives of benzenesulfonylurea and 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid for control of undesired vegetation by treating said vegetation and locus to be protected by said compositions.To eliminate the detrimental effects on crop rotation by lowering dosage of herbicide and to widen its activity spectrum a herbicidal composition is proposed comprising a mixture of ammonium salts of benzenesulfonylurea derivatives and of 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid with additives.The treatment of the vegetation and locus is performed by water solution of the disclosed composition with the dosage in the range of 50-500 g/ha of composition.

Abstract: Plant defoliating compositions comprising .delta.-aminolevulinic acid and one or more chlorophyll biosynthesis modulators; and methods of making and using same.

Abstract: The invention described here concerns the unique utility of fatty acids and their derivatives to act as fruit thinning agents. Proper use of the methods and compositions will result in the advantageous thinning of fruit which can improve the quality of the harvested fruit and result in more consistent crops from one year to the next.

Abstract: Oxalylhydroxamic acid derivatives of the formula IR.sup.1 --ON(R.sup.2)--CO--CO--X--R.sup.3 I,where the substituents have the following meanings:X is oxygen or sulfur;R.sup.1 issubstituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl;substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl or cycloalkylmethyl;substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl;R.sup.3 issubstituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl;substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl;substituted or unsubstituted phenyl-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenoxy-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl;and their agriculturally useful salts; their manufacture; growth-regulating agents containing them; and methods of regulating plant growth.