Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolytic solution having an electrolyte salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent, containing a compound of formula (X): where R10 and R20 are each a group selected from an alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkynyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and an aryl having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a lithium; and X is a polar group (i) containing a —C(?O), a —P(?O), or an —S(?O)2 group, a polar group (ii) containing a —CN or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in which a part of hydrogen atoms is substituted with a fluorine atom, or a 4- to 7-membered ring polar group (iii) containing a —C(?O)—O— or a —C(?O)—N— group, where when X is a 4- to 7-membered ring polar group (iii) containing —C(?O)—N—, at least one of R10 and R20 is lithium.

Abstract: This invention is a composition of an ester resulting from the reaction of an oligomer of ethylene oxide in presence or a catalyst, with fatty acids. The resulting water based metal working fluid additive is useful as it imparts property of stable micro-emulsion and helps improving the wear life, coefficient of friction and other tribological properties among other uses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating Parkinson's disease, which comprises, as an active ingredient, a Rhodotypos scandens extract obtained by extracting the stem of Rhodotypos scandens with an organic solvent, and a food additive showing the effect of preventing or treating Parkinson's disease, the food additive comprising Rhodotypos scandens extract as an active ingredient. The Rhodotypos scandens extracts of the present invention may prevent or treat Parkinson's disease without producing any particular side effects, and therefore can be widely used for more safely treating Parkinson's disease.

Abstract: Liquid aqueous formulations of water-soluble active crop protectant ingredients which comprise (a) one or more water-soluble active ingredients (type (a) ingredients), (b) if desired, one or more water-insoluble active ingredients (type (b) ingredients), (c) if desired, polar organic solvents, (d) anionic surfactants, (e) if desired, nonionic, cationic and/or zwitterioinic surfactants, (f) silicone-based defoamers from the group of the linear polydimethylsiloxanes having an average dynamic viscosity, measured at 25° C., in the range from 1000 to 8000 mPas, and containing silica, (g) if desired, other, customary formulation assistants, and (h) water are suitable as low-foam formulations for application in crop protection. Also possible is the use of the corresponding active-ingredient-free adjuvant formulations in a tank mix with or in split application with active-ingredient formulations.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composition comprising i) a microencapsulated pesticide, ii) a dispersant selected from the group consisting of a lignin, b) a lignosulfonate salt and c) a lignosulfonate salt combined with the sodium salt of substituted naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polymer, iii) a salt selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate and calcium chloride, and iv) a non-encapsulated pesticide. The present invention is also directed to methods of making and using the compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: Agriculturally acceptable pesticidally active ingredients, such as herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides of low melting point, typically in the range from about 30.degree. C. to about 130.degree. C. and preferably in the range from about 30.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C. and low water solubility, typically in the range from about 0.01 ppm to about 1000 ppm and preferably in the range from about 0.01 ppm to about 300 ppm are frequently formulated as water-dispersed agrichemically acceptable formulations such as wettable powders (WP), water-dispersible granules (WG), and suspension concentrates (SC) and the like.

Abstract: A conditioner containing a regrowth inhibitor containing glyphosate, sulfosate, or a salt of either is used at 0-50% open boll to condition cotton plants before chemical defoliation to prevent vegetative regrowth after defoliation. The conditioner can also contain at least one of the Krebs cycle acids, preferably an acid-containing extract from pentosan-containing seed hulls, to increase yields of high quality fibers and vigorous seeds.

Abstract: Compounds having the formula ##STR1## in which: R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl; or phenyl optionally substituted by 1 or 2 groups selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkoxy, nitro or halo;R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or phenyl;R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sub.3 is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkyl or allyl; andX is oxygen, sulfur or NR.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 alkyl;provided that(i) if R.sub.1 is methyl, R is phenyl or substituted phenyl and(ii) if R.sub.3 is isopropyl, X is NR.sub.4, and R.sub.1 is alkyl; and their agriculturally acceptable salts are herbicides.