Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving the fuel efficiency of engine oil compositions for large low, medium and high speed engines by reducing the traction coefficient of the oil by formulating the oil using at least two base stocks of different kinematic viscosity wherein the differences in kinematic viscosity between the base stocks is at least 30 mm2/s, and additizing the composition with one or more detergents.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving the fuel efficiency of engine oil compositions by reducing the traction coefficient of the oil by formulating the oil using a blend of one or more first base stock(s) selected from Group II base stock, Group III base stock and Group IV base stock and a second base stock selected from polyisobutylene (PIB) and, preferably, additized with a detergent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for improving the fuel efficiency of large engine oil compositions by reducing the traction coefficient of the oil by formulating the oil using at least two base stocks of different kinematic viscosity wherein the differences in kinematic viscosity between the base stocks is at least 32 mm2/s, and, preferably, additizing the composition with a salicylate detergent, a mixture of salicylate-phenate detergents or a mixture of sulfonate and phenate detergents.

Abstract: An additive composition providing improved low temperature viscosity, corrosion and detergent properties when used in lubricating oils for internal combustion engines is presented. The additive composition comprises an unsulfurized carboxylate detergent-dispersant additive having been modified by incorporation of from about 3.2 wt % to 7.5 wt %, based on the total additive composition, of an alkaline earth metal salt of a linear, saturated carboxylic acid having from about 16 to about 20 carbon atoms and wherein the additive composition has a superalkalinization ratio of less than about 1.4:1, a TBN of less than about 200 and a sediment value of less than about 0.2% by volume.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition favorably employable for trunk piston diesel engines contains an overbased sulfurized alkylphenol calcium salt, at least two (preferably three) overbased alkylsalicylic acid calcium salts having different base ratios and hydrocarbyl groups of different carbon atom numbers, a borated ashless dispersant, and a zinc dihydrocarbyldithiophosphate.

Abstract: A process for preparing alkylhydroxybenzoate detergent-dispersant additives having low sulfur content and high TBN is described. The alkali metal alkylhydroxylbenzoate, alkaline earth metal alkylhydroxybenzoate and overbased alkaline earth metal alkylhydroxybenzoate reaction products described have a sulfur content in the range of from about 0.1 to 1.2 wt % are effective anti-corrosive detergent-dispersant additives in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: A carboxylate detergent prepared by the process comprising (a) alkylating a hydroxyaromatic compound with at least one alpha olefin oligomer, derived from C8 to C20 alpha olefins, to thereby produce an alkylhydroxyaromatic compound, and wherein at least 90% of the molecules in the alkylhydroxyaromatic compound have the alkyl group attached at the 4-position or higher from the terminus of the longest chain of the alkyl group, and further wherein the alkyl group comprises at least one hydrocarbon tail of at least 7 carbons; (b) neutralizing the resulting alkylated hydroxyaromatic compound with an alkali metal base; (c) carbonating the alkali metal salt from step (b) with carbon dioxide; (d) acidifying the salt produced in step (c); and (e) overbasing the resulting alkylated hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A process for preparing an overbased alkali metal alkylhydroxybenzoate, said process comprising overbasing an alkali metal alkylhydroxybenzoate or a mixture of alkali metal alkylhydroxybenzoate and up to 50 mole % of alkylphenol, based on the total mixture of alkylhydroxybenzoate and alkylphenol, with a molar excess of alkaline earth metal base and at least one acidic overbasing material in the presence of at least one carboxylic acid having from one to four carbon atoms and a solvent selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, monoalcohols and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition and methods of operating an internal combustion engine to provide improved engine operation. The lubricating composition includes a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of at least one olefin copolymer having a number average molecular weight greater than about 10,000 up to about 300,000. The olefin copolymer is grafted with (A) a vinyl-substituted aromatic compound, and (B) a compound selected from the group consisting of a C5-C30 olefin, a polyalkylene compound, and mixtures thereof. A mole ratio of A/B in the reaction mixture ranges from about 0.25:1 to about 5:1. The lubricating composition optionally includes a minor amount of at least one non-grafted olefin copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, methacrylate copolymer, or styrene butadiene copolymer have number average molecular weight greater than about 50,000 up to about 300,000.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising oil of lubricating viscosity and an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent manufactured in the presence of an amine- or ester-based friction modifier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to standard ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 15, preferably greater than 20, preferably greater than 30, advantageously greater than 40 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, comprising: one or more lubricating base oils for marine engines, at least one detergent based on alkali or alkaline-earth metals, overbased with metallic carbonate salts, optionally in combination with one or more neutral detergents, one or more fatty amines and/or derivatives of oil-soluble fatty amines having a BN determined according to standard ASTM D-2896 comprised between 150 and 600 milligrams of potash per gram, preferably comprised between 200 and 500 milligrams of potash per gram. This lubricant has sufficient neutralization power vis-à-vis the sulphuric acid formed during the combustion of high-sulphur fuel oils, whilst limiting the formation of deposits during the use of low-sulphur fuel oils.

Abstract: Complex greases of overbased alkaline earth metal carboxylates are prepared by reacting an overbased alkaline earth metal salt of a fatty acid, wherein the alkaline earth metal salt has an alkaline earth metal content of at least 14.5% and a non-volatile matter content of at least 95% with conversion agents to form a grease precursor. The grease precursor is then reacted with complexing agents to form a predominantly vaterite containing non-Newtonian modified overbased metal carboxylate complex grease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cylinder lubricant having a BN, determined according to the ASTM D-2896 standard, of greater than or equal to 40 milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of lubricant, comprising a lubricant base oil for a marine engine and at least one overbased detergent that is based on alkali or alkaline-earth metals, and which also contains an amount of 0.01% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricant, of one or more compounds (A) chosen from esters of saturated fatty monoacids comprising at least 14 carbon atoms and of alcohols comprising at most 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a marine system oil composition is provided for lubrication of mechanical components in marine engines, for example, two-stroke, cross-head marine diesel engines and methods/additives for using the marine system oil composition in the same. In one aspect of the present invention, a marine system oil composition is provided that has salt of a carboxylate-containing detergent comprising at least one alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid, wherein at least 50 mole % of, the alkyl groups are C20 or greater.

Abstract: A trunk piston engine lubricating oil composition comprising (a) a major amount of a base stock comprising at least 90% by weight saturated hydrocarbons; and (b) a minor amount of a base oil having a viscosity index of less than 70 and a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon content of at least about 25 wt. % is disclosed.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition of TBN 8-9 having up to 0.3 wt. % sulfur, up to 0.08 wt. % phosphorus, and a sulfated ash content up to 0.80 wt. %, comprising an overbased magnesium-containing lubricating oil detergent, and 2.5 to 4 wt. % of a nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of viscosity modifiers in a control release additive gel. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an additive gel containing a viscosity modifier that control releases additives into a lubricant.

Abstract: A lubricant additive gel formed by the gellation of two or more lubricant additives for the slow release of the additive components into a fluid. The lubricant additive gel slowly releases into its component lubricant additives when contacted with the fluid such as an oil thereby serving as a lubricant fluid such as an oil thereby.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having a total base number of more than 15 mg KOH/g, as determined by ASTM D2896, and including at least 40 mass % of an oil of lubricating viscosity; at least one detergent; and at least one compound of the formula (II): In formula (II), each Ar independently represents an aromatic moiety having 0 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, acyloxy, acyloxyalkyl, aryloxy, aryloxy alkyl, halo and combinations thereof; each L is independently a linking moiety comprising a carbon-carbon single bond or a linking group; each Y? is independently a moiety of the formula Z(O(CR2)n)yX—, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of (CR?2)z, O and S; R and R? are each independently selected from H, C1 to C6 alkyl and aryl; z is 1 to 10; n is 0 to 10 when X is (CR?2)z, and 2 to 10 when X is O or S; y is 1 to 30; Z is H, an acyl group, an alkyl group or an aryl group; each a is independently 0 to 3, with the proviso tha

Abstract: Lubricant formulations and methods for producing lubricant formulations are described that provide improved wear protection in engines operated using ethanol-based fuels. The improved wear protection may be provided by an increased amount of overbased calcium detergent present in the formulation.

Abstract: The present invention for a two-stroke marine engine, which can be used with both high-sulphur content fuel oils and low-sulphur content fuel oils. It relates to a cylinder lubricant having a BN determined according to the standard ASTM D-2896 greater than or equal to 40 milligrams of potash per gram of lubricant, comprising a lubricant base stock for marine engines and at least one overbased detergent based on alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals, characterized in that it also contains a quantity of 0.01% to 10% preferably 0.1% to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricant, of one or more (A) compounds chosen from the primary, secondary or tertiary monoalcohols the alkyl or alkylene chain of which is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched and comprises at least 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Environmentally friendly, shelf-stable overbased calcium carboxylate compositions and their method of preparation are described. The subject compositions possess anti-oxidation and anti-wear properties superior to those associated with existing sulfonate compositions. The subject compositions are prepared by neutralizing a mixture of two different molecular weight aliphatic carboxylic acids or anhydrides in the presence of an aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent; adding a mixture of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide; adding methyl alcohol to promote the reaction; carbonating the mixture with carbon dioxide at temperatures between 80° F. and 120° F.; heating to 200°-250° F. and finishing carbonation; adding diluent oil to the crude product; clarifying the product in solvent; and removing the solvent.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a detergent additive for lubricating oil compositions comprising at least two of low, medium, and high TBN detergents. Preferably the detergent is a calcium salicylate. The present invention also concerns lubricating oil compositions comprising such detergents, and at least one of Group II base stock, Group III base stock, or wax isomerate base stock.

Abstract: An overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of less than 2 and a degree of carbonation of 80% or greater is disclosed. The overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent reduces asphaltene precipitation or ‘black paint’ in a marine diesel engine.

Abstract: A method of improving the compatibility of an overbased detergent with other additives in a lubricating oil composition. The method includes the step of adding an oil-soluble, hydrocarbyl sulphonic acid to the detergent.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition having a TBN in the range of 5 to 55 mg KOH/g and containing a major amount of a base oil of lubricating viscosity and a) 0.19 to 2.10 wt %, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, of an overbased calcium carboxylate having a TBN of 100 mg KOH/g or more, wherein the wt % is expressed in terms of the calcium content; b) 0.002 to 0.06 wt %, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, of a bis-succinimide compound, wherein the wt % is expressed in terms of the nitrogen content; and c) 0.007 to 0.15 wt %, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate having a secondary alkyl group, wherein the wt % is expressed in terms of the phosphorus content.

Abstract: A method of improving the compatibility of an overbased detergent with other additives in a lubricating oil composition. The method includes the step of the using a detergent have a degree of carbonation of greater than 85%.

Abstract: A detergent including one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates, in which: (i) the one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates is or includes one or more C10 to C40 hydrocarb-1-yl substituted hydroxybenzoates; or, (ii) greater than 50 mole % of the one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates, based on the total number of moles of said C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates, is or includes one or more C10 to C40 hydrocarb-2-yl substituted hydroxybenzoates.

Abstract: A method of reducing asphaltene precipitation or ‘black paint’ in an engine is disclosed. The method includes the step of lubricating the engine with a lubricating oil composition comprising: an oil of lubricating viscosity in a major amount; and, a salicylate detergent system in a minor amount comprising one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C22 hydrocarbyl substituted salicylates.

Abstract: A drag reducing additive for heavy oil, such as crude oil, includes a polymeric alkyl-substituted phenol formaldehyde resin and a solvent having at least one of an ester (e.g. ethyl acetate), an aldehyde (e.g. butyraldehyde), and an aromatic hydrocarbon (e.g. toluene, xylene, and the like), or mixtures thereof. When used together with a diluent (e.g. condensate, naphtha, or the like), the additive may reduce viscosity of the combined oil, diluent, and additive by at least 20%, increase throughput by at least 6%, reduce power consumption by at least 3%, reduce the diluent proportion by at least 3%, or some combination of these effects, as compared with an otherwise identical heavy oil without the additive.

Abstract: A lubricating oil (made from Group III base oil having a sequential number of carbon atoms) having a VI between 155 and 300, a RPVOT greater than 680 minutes, and a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. from 19.8 cSt to 748 cSt. A lubricating oil having a high VI and high RPVOT comprising: a) a Group III base oil with a sequential number of carbon atoms, and defined cycloparaffin composition or low traction coefficient, b) an antioxidant additive concentrate and c) no VI improver. A process comprising: a) hydroisomerization dewaxing of a waxy feed, b) fractionating the produced base oil, c) selecting a fraction having a VI greater than 150, and a high level of molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality or a low traction coefficient, and d) blending the fraction with an antioxidant additive concentrate. Also, a method of improving the oxidation stability of a lubricating oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine which is very good in base number retention property, detergency at high temperature and valve train anti-wear property and does not substantially contain phosphorus- and/or sulfur-containing anti-wear agent. The composition comprises a lubricant base oil comprising a mineral oil and/or a synthetic oil, (A) 0.001 to 0.5% by mass of an ester of a boric acid in terms of boron element therein and (B) 0.01 to 5% by mass of an ashless antioxidant, wherein said composition contains substantially no metal salts of dithiophosphoric acid and has a sulfur content of 0.2% by mass or less, each percentage being based on a total mass of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition, comprising: a lubricant base oil having a sulfur content adjusted to 0.1% or less by mass; and (A) one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylates in which the ratio of a salicylate constituent having, in the 3-and 5-positions, hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is adjusted to 10% or more by mol and/or (B) one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylates in which the ratio of one or more monoalkylsalicylate constituents is adjusted to 85% or more by mol and the ratio of a monoalkylsalicylate constituent having, in the 3-position, a secondary alkyl group having 10 or more and less than 20 carbon atoms is adjusted to 50% or more by mol, the (A) and/or (B) being incorporated into the base oil in an amount of 0.005 to 5% by mass of the total of the composition, and the amount being an amount in terms of the metal element therein. In this way, the oxidation life under the contamination of water content is improved.

Abstract: A slideway lubricating oil composition, additive concentrate, method of lubricating sliding parts. The lubricating oil includes a base oil; a metal-free friction modifier; and a metal-free, sulfur-free, phosphorus containing anti-wear/extreme pressure agent. The lubricating oil provides a lower coefficient of friction for non-metal sliding surfaces than for metal sliding surfaces.

Abstract: A lubricating oil additive and a lubricating oil composition wherein no precipitation is generated to exhibit a good storage stability even if a combination of a salicylate detergent and another metal detergent is used is provided by rendering the additive and composition an additive and a composition obtained by incorporating, into a lubricant base oil, (A) an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate having at its 3 and 5-positions hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms and a (per)basic salt, and (B) a metal detergent other than any salicylate detergent.

Abstract: Disclosed are lubricating oil compositions comprising a lubricating base oil, (A) a specific alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate and/or an overbased or basic salt thereof in an amount of 0.005 to 5 percent by mass in terms of metal and (B) a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent in an amount of 0.005 to 0.2 percent by mass in terms of phosphorus and containing sulfur in an amount of 0.3 percent by mass or less, based on the total mass of the composition, the salicylate being any of salicylates fulfilling specific requirements. The lubricating oil compositions are low sulfur lubricating oils which are extremely excellent in anti-wear properties and long drain properties and suitable for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition for a medium-speed compression-ignited marine engine comprises, in a major amount, an oil of lubricating viscosity containing 50 mass % or more of a Group II basestock, and, in respective minor amounts, (A) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 5.5 or greater, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index in the range of 2.1 to 5.4. The ratio of the mass of metal in detergent (A) to the mass of metal in detergent (B) is 1 or less. The trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition has a TBN (using ASTM D2896) of 20 to 60.

Abstract: A trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition for a medium-speed compression-ignited marine engine comprises, in a major amount, an oil of lubricating viscosity containing 50 mass % or more of a Group II basestock, and, in respective minor amounts, (A) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 5.5 or greater, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 2 or less. The ratio of the mass of metal in detergent (A) to the mass of metal in detergent (B) is 10 or less.

Abstract: A trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition for a medium-speed compression-ignited marine engine comprises, in a major amount, an oil of lubricating viscosity containing 50 mass % or more of a Group II basestock. and, in respective minor amounts, (A) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of 4.5 or less, and (B) an overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of greater than 4.5. The ratio of deterrent (A) to detergent (B), both expressed as mass of active ingredient, is in the range from 0.5 to 15. The trunk piston marine engine lubricating oil composition has a TBN (using ASTM D2896) of 20 to 60.

Abstract: Shelf stable, flowable liquids of overbased alkaline earth metal salts are prepared by reacting an alkaline earth metal base and a carboxylic acid in the presence of a hydrocarbon liquid, a polyol and an alcohol. The resulting overbased alkaline earth metal salts has an alkaline earth metal content of at least about 14.5% and a non-volatile matter content of at least about 95%.

Abstract: A modified lubricating oil detergent that is the reaction product of an oil soluble detergent comprising an alkali- or alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl phenate, carboxylate or sulfonate and an ?, ?-unsaturated carbonyl compound; and lubricating oil compositions containing a combination of such a modified detergent and a nitrogen-containing dispersant.

Abstract: A trunk piston or cross-head diesel engine having a centrifuge system including a sealing medium is lubricated with a lubricant which, for the cross-head engine, is a system lubricant and which contains 0.04 to 5 mass %, expressed as active ingredient, of a combination of one or more linked aromatic compounds and one or more nitrogen containing ashless disperants, in a mass:mass ratio in the range of 1:3 to 9:1.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition and methods of operating an internal combustion engine to provide improved engine operation. The lubricating composition includes a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity; and a minor amount of at least one highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer made by reacting an acylating agent with an olefin copolymer having a number average molecular weight greater than about 10,000 up to about 50,000 in the presence of a free radical initiator to provide an acylated olefin copolymer having a degree of grafting (DOG) of the acylating agent on the olefin copolymer of from above about 1.5 to about 3.0 wt. %. The acylated olefin copolymer is then reacted with an amine to provide the highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricating oil composition, comprising: a lubricant base oil having a sulfur content adjusted to 0.1% or less by mass; and (A) one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylates in which the ratio of a salicylate constituent having, in the 3- and 5-positions, hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is adjusted to 10% or more by mol and/or (B) one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylates in which the ratio of one or more monoalkylsalicylate constituents is adjusted to 85% or more by mol and the ratio of a monoalkylsalicylate constituent having, in the 3-position, a secondary alkyl group having 10 or more and less than 20 carbon atoms is adjusted to 50% or more by mol, the (A) and/or (B) being incorporated into the base oil in an amount of 0.005 to 5% by mass of the total of the composition, and the amount being an amount in terms of the metal element therein. In this way, the oxidation life under the contamination of water content is improved.

Abstract: Disclosed are lubricating oil compositions comprising a lubricating base oil, (A) a specific alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salicylate and/or an overbased or basic salt thereof in an amount of 0.005 to 5 percent by mass in terms of metal, (B) a phosphorus-containing anti-wear agent in an amount of 0.005 to 0.2 percent by mass in terms of phosphorus, (C) an amide compound in an amount of 0.01 to 1 percent by mass and containing sulfur in a total amount of 0.3 percent by mass or less, based on the total mass of the composition. The lubricating oil compositions are low sulfur lubricating oils which are extremely excellent in anti-wear properties and long drain properties and suitable particularly for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A carboxylate detergent prepared by the process comprising (a) alkylating a hydroxyaromatic compound with at least one normal alpha olefin having from about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms per molecule that has been isomerized to obtain an isomerized alpha olefin having 15-98 wt % branching and a residual alpha olefin content of between from about 0.1 to about 30 wt %, thereby producing an alkylated hydroxyaromatic compound; (b) neutralizing the resulting alkylated hydroxyaromatic compound with an alkali metal base; (c) carbonating the alkali metal salt from step (b) with carbon dioxide; (d) acidifying the salt produced in step (c); and (e) overbasing the resulting alkylated hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A lubricant composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amino-functionalized acrylic or methacrylic-containing polymer, comprising about 2 percent to about 8 percent by weight of an amine moiety bearing a tertiary amino group, attached to said polymer through an ester, amide, or imide linkage; and a nitrogen-containing dispersant, provides reduced friction to an internal combustion engine and improved fuel economy.

Abstract: A soot reducing media that reduces the soot content in lubricating oil in an engine. Further a process employing a gel to decrease the amount of soot in the lubricating oil of an engine and/or decrease the emissions from an engine.

Abstract: Lubricant formulations and methods for producing lubricant formulations are described that provide improved wear protection in engines operated using ethanol-based fuels. The improved wear protection may be provided by an increased amount of overbased calcium detergent present in the formulation.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a Group II basestock and a neutral or overbased metal hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent having a basicity index of less than 2.