Abstract: A plastic soft composition is formed of soft base material constantly provided with plasticity, porous fine particles for polishing contained in the base material, and the like, and a polishing process and a coating process are performed to a painted surface and the like using the plastic soft composition. The fine particles for polishing are impregnated with a coating agent (a surface protective agent) added with an activator which is emulsified by contact with water, and the coating agent is held in concave portions formed in the fine particles. Both polishing work and coating work are achieved by sliding the plastic soft composition on a painted surface by a palm pressure of a user.

Abstract: A carbide composite for a downhole tool may be formed by depositing a first layer on a substrate, and a second layer at least partially adjacent to the first layer. The first and second layers may each include carbides, metal binders, organic binders, or a combination thereof. The first and second carbide layers may have a different particle size, particle shape, carbide concentration, metal binder concentration, or organic binder concentration from one another.

Abstract: Composition, apparatus, and methods of composition and apparatus manufacture, for sharpening a paper shredder blade. Composition includes grinding powder, thickening agent, and additive. The thickening agent may be a white oil, an animal oil, an vegetable oil, or a stearine wax. The additive may be an antirust powder, an antiwear powder, an antistatic powder, or an antioxidation powder. The grinding composition is dispensed into a polyethylene film, and sealed to form the grinding apparatus, as a grinding sheet or a grinding packet. A method for forming a grinding sheet includes selecting the constituent materials for a grinding composition; stirring the constituent grinding composition materials; heating the constituent materials to melting; mixing the constituent materials, while melting and intermixing; cooling and packaging the grinding composition to form a grinding sheet or packet.

Abstract: Composition, apparatus, and methods of composition and apparatus manufacture, for sharpening a paper shredder blade. Composition includes grinding powder, thickening agent, and additive. The thickening agent may be a white oil, an animal oil, a vegetable oil, or a stearine wax. The additive may be an antirust powder, an antiwear powder, an antistatic powder, or an antioxidation powder. The grinding composition is dispensed into a polyethylene film, and sealed to form the grinding apparatus, as a grinding sheet or a grinding packet. A method for forming a grinding sheet includes selecting the constituent materials for a grinding composition; stirring the constituent grinding composition materials; heating the constituent materials to melting; mixing the constituent materials, while melting and intermixing; cooling and packaging the grinding composition to form a grinding sheet or packet.

Abstract: To polish polishing target surfaces of SiO2 insulating films or the like at a high rate without scratching the surface, the present invention provides an abrasive comprising a slurry comprising a medium and dispersed therein at least one of i) cerium oxide particles constituted of at least two crystallites and having crystal grain boundaries or having a bulk density of not higher than 6.5 g/cm3 and ii) abrasive grains having pores. Also provided are a method of polishing a target member and a process for producing a semiconductor device which make use of this abrasive.

Abstract: A slurry composition for use as a lubricant and/or a stable suspension medium to suspend inert organic or inorganic particles which is an aqueous or polar solvent carrier containing gel particles as a lubricating and suspending agent for inert organic or inorganic particles. The composition can contain inorganic salts to provide additional electrostatic repulsion.

Abstract: Composition, apparatus, and methods of composition and apparatus manufacture, for sharpening a paper shredder blade. Composition includes grinding powder, thickening agent, and additive. The thickening agent may be a white oil, an animal oil, an vegetable oil, or a stearine wax. The additive may be an antirust powder, an antiwear powder, an antistatic powder, or an antioxidation powder. The grinding composition is dispensed into a polyethylene film, and sealed to form the grinding apparatus, as a grinding sheet or a grinding packet. A method for forming a grinding sheet includes selecting the constituent materials for a grinding composition; stirring the constituent grinding composition materials; heating the constituent materials to melting; mixing the constituent materials, while melting and intermixing; cooling and packaging the grinding composition to form a grinding sheet or packet.

Abstract: A plastic soft composition is formed of soft base material constantly provided with plasticity, porous fine particles for polishing contained in the base material, and the like, and a polishing process and a coating process are performed to a painted surface and the like using the plastic soft composition. The fine particles for polishing are impregnated with a coating agent (a surface protective agent) added with an activator which is emulsified by contact with water, and the coating agent is held in concave portions formed in the fine particles. Both polishing work and coating work are achieved by sliding the plastic soft composition on a painted surface by a palm pressure of a user.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert includes a cemented carbide substrate and a coating. The cemented carbide substrate comprises WC, 4–7 wt % cobalt, 6–9 wt % cubic carbide forming metals from the groups IVB and VB, preferably titanium, tantalum and niobium, with a binder phase enriched surface zone with a thickness of >20 ?m, preferably between 21 and 50 ?m. The coating comprises a first layer adjacent the cemented carbide substrate of Ti(C,N) having a thickness of from about 3 to about 15 ?m, an alumina layer adjacent said first layer having a thickness of from about 3 to about 15 ?m, said alumina layer being composed of ?-Al2O3, a further layer adjacent the alumina layer of a Ti(C,N) or Ti(C,O,N) having a thickness of from about 1 to 10 ?m. The total thickness of the coating being less than 30 ?m, preferably less than 20 ?m. Inserts according to the invention exhibit favourable wear resistance and edge strength when turning steel.

Abstract: A coated sintered body can be used for a cutting tool for precision machining of hardened steel. The coated PCBN cutting tool includes a substrate which contains not less than 35 volume % and not more than 85 volume % of CBN, and a hard coated layer formed on the substrate. The hard coated layer comprises at least one compound layer consisting of at least one element selected from the group 4a, 5a, and 6a elements of the periodic table and Al, and at least one element selected from C, N and O. The thickness of the layer is not less than 0.3 &mgr;m and not more than 10 &mgr;m. The center-line mean roughness of the hard coated layer is not more than 0.1 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a liquid polish for metals, glass, plastics and their derivatives: the novel liquid polish reduces application and buffing time significantly compared to prior art polishes using animal fat, glycerides, oils, wetting agents or tallow and uses unique compounds for increasing contact between the abrasive oxides within said liquid polish and surface contaminants of polished materials.

Abstract: A metal-bonded grinding tool including a base, and abrasive grains bonded to the base by a bond matrix containing Cu alloy as a main component. The bond matrix further contains a powder selected from the group consisting of Ti, Al, and a mixture thereof. An average grain protrusion is set to 30% or more of an average grain diameter, and an average grain spacing is set to 200% or more of the average grain diameter.

Abstract: This invention provides a polishing apparatus using a polishing material freely varying its shape in a tri-dimensional space in accordance with the shape of a work, and capable of polishing a narrow, recessed surface inaccessible to human hands or a tool, and a polishing method used therefor.

Abstract: An abrasive article is provided that includes a bond system formed from a binder precursor and about 15% by weight or less of a wax-containing modifier. An abrasive article that includes the bond system exhibits an increase of workpiece surface abraded in a Woodsanding Normal Force Test as compared to an abrasive article including a bond system formed from a composition containing substantially no wax-containing modifier.

Abstract: An abrasive article having a sheet-like structure having at least one major surface having deployed thereon a plurality of individual abrasive composites, each abrasive composite comprising a plasticizer and a plurality of abrasive particles dispersed in a binder, wherein said binder is formed by polymerizing a binder precursor and said plasticizer being combined with said binder precursor prior to said polymerizing in an amount of 30 to 70 parts plasticizer per 100 parts by weight of the combined binder precursor and plasticizer. There is also a method of using such as abrasive article to reduce the surface finish of a workpiece and a process of making the abrasive article.

Abstract: Diamond coated wear resistant articles particularly cutting tools such as surgical drills and burrs are coated with extremely hard coatings exhibiting compressive stress such as titanium nitride by means of physical vapor deposition to increase the wear resistance and, where applicable, the cutting performance of the article.

Abstract: A formulation is provided for application grinding belt of the type having abrasive material secured to a flexible base for extending the useful life of the belt. The formulation is a solution of toluene, naptha, shellac, wax and ethyl alcohol. Methyl salicylate may be included to provide a pleasant odor.

Abstract: An abrasive grain having a coating of grinding aid thereon is provided. The abrasive grains can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive products including bonded abrasives, nonwoven abrasives and coated abrasives.

Abstract: A process for physical vapor deposition of a refractory coating such as titanium nitride on a nonconductive substrate such as a ceramic substrate and the coated substrate produced thereby. The nonconductive substrate is coated by cleaning the nonconductive substrate surfaces and then depositing a first layer of a refractory metal such as titanium metal on the nonconductive substrate by physical vapor deposition. A second layer of a refractory compound such as titanium nitride is then deposited on the first layer by physical vapor deposition to produce a coated nonconductive substrate having enhanced coating adhesion.

Abstract: Cemented tungsten carbide rock bit inserts have diamond particles dispersed therein for enhanced hardness and wear resistance. The cobalt matrix is primarily the face centered cubic crystal structure for enhanced ductility and toughness. Such inserts are formed by introducing excess non-diamond carbon beyond the stoichiometric proportion in the tungsten carbide. The inserts are pressed at a temperature and pressure where diamond is thermodynamically stable and cooled while maintaining the pressure sufficiently high to prevent decomposition of diamond crystals formed at the elevated temperature. Diamond crystals may be dispersed throughout the cemented tungsten carbon or may be more concentrated near the surface than in the interior.

Abstract: A method of preparing abrasive articles exhibiting improved homogeneity and breakdown properties is disclosed. The method comprises admixing abrasive grits and a bond phase comprising silica particles, alumina, a flux and water, to form a slurry, such that the silica particles are on the average smaller than the average grit particles; drying the slurry to form a precursor powder; and compacting the precursor powder to form an abrasive greenware article. This abrasive greenware article can then be densified, for example, by sintering, to form a densified abrasive article. The resulting abrasive article has a porcelain bond composition. Because of the uniform bond composition attained with this invention, extremely fine abrasive grits can be employed.

Abstract: A lap cutting abrasive for use with lap cutting blades, comprising one part y weight of a low viscosity carrier liquid, and one to three parts by weight of cutting particles having an average size of from 10 to 50 .mu.m suspended in the carrier liquid. The carrier liquid has a viscosity of from 1 to 10 cP, and preferably is aqueous glycerin. The cutting particles preferably have an average particle size of from 15 to 30 .mu.m. In a further embodiment, the average particle size of the cutting particles is matched to the thickness of the lap cutting blade used during sawing. Preferably, the cutting particles have an average particle size corresponding to 0.15 to 0.1 times the thickness of the lap cutting blade used during sawing.

Abstract: A plastic polishing composition and method for making such a composition in emulsion form containing a fatty acid, an alkanolamine, cetyl alcohol, glyceryl monostearate, and liquid forms a carrier for an abrasive material, an acrylic filler, an anti-static agent, and a hydrocarbon solvent. The composition cleans as it polishes translucent and opaque plastic surfaces by removing foreign matter and filling minute surface scratches in a one-step operation.

Abstract: A cubic boron nitride, diamond or similar grinding wheel is dressed by applying a dresser comprising a multiplicity of abrasive particles dispersed in a normally rigid but friction-meltable organic polymeric matrix against the rotating wheel and causing the dresser to melt and form a dressing slurry on the surface of the wheel and then pinching the slurry between the wheel and a workpiece until dressing is substantially complete.